This is a very reasonable question:
https://pouet.chapril.org/@Zekovski/116844176606612240
The truest and most honest answer is •we have no idea how the hell learning works•, not really, only in hints and glimpses. The mind is full of mysteries, and we only have clues.
A good first step is to imagine some alternatives to the conduit metaphor — all also flawed, also tending toward misunderstanding if we take them too far, but having multiple metaphors helps us get unstuck from one:
- What if learning is like •exercise•: the strain of sustained effort stimulates muscle growth?
- What if learning is like •resonance•: what your mind perceives or experiences makes your mind echo that thing, like a string picking up sympathetic vibrations?
- What if learning is like •filling a toolbox•: problems cause your brain to seek out new tools, which give it the capacity to solve similar problems more easily in the future?
…etc etc. A fun exercise is to try to come up with metaphors of your own, think about what they imply, and notice where they fall apart.