Tootfinder

PromptLocate: Localizing Prompt Injection Attacks
Yuqi Jia, Yupei Liu, Zedian Shao, Jinyuan Jia, Neil Gong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12252 https://arxiv.o…

PromptLocate: Localizing Prompt Injection Attacks
Prompt injection attacks deceive a large language model into completing an attacker-specified task instead of its intended task by contaminating its input data with an injected prompt, which consists of injected instruction(s) and data. Localizing the injected prompt within contaminated data is crucial for post-attack forensic analysis and data recovery. Despite its growing importance, prompt injection localization remains largely unexplored. In this work, we bridge this gap by proposing Prompt…

Near the Runaway: The Climate and Habitability of Teegarden's Star b
Ryan Boukrouche, Rodrigo Caballero, Neil Lewis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11940 https://

Near the Runaway: The Climate and Habitability of Teegarden's Star b
Teegarden's Star b, a nearby terrestrial world receiving an Earth-like instellation, is a prime candidate for next-generation observatories targeting temperate exoplanets in their habitable zones. We employ a suite of three-dimensional global climate model (GCM) simulations to (1) map the inner boundary of the habitable zone of Teegarden's Star b and (2) characterize its surface climate under the assumption of an Earth-analog atmosphere. Our simulations show that, with its most recently estimat…

Bias-Aware AI Chatbot for Engineering Advising at the University of Maryland A. James Clark School of Engineering
Prarthana P. Kartholy, Thandi M. Labor, Neil N. Panchal, Sean H. Wang, Hillary N. Owusu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09636

Bias-Aware AI Chatbot for Engineering Advising at the University of Maryland A. James Clark School of Engineering
Selecting a college major is a difficult decision for many incoming freshmen. Traditional academic advising is often hindered by long wait times, intimidating environments, and limited personalization. AI Chatbots present an opportunity to address these challenges. However, AI systems also have the potential to generate biased responses, prejudices related to race, gender, socioeconomic status, and disability. These biases risk turning away potential students and undermining reliability of AI s…

Replaced article(s) found for hep-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/hep-ph/new
[1/2]:
- Repurposing lattice QCD results for composite phenomenology
Thomas DeGrand, Ethan T. Neil

Who Do You Think You Are? Creating RSE Personas from GitHub Interactions
Felicity Anderson, Julien Sindt, Neil Chue Hong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05390 https://

Who Do You Think You Are? Creating RSE Personas from GitHub Interactions
We describe data-driven RSE personas: an approach combining software repository mining and data-driven personas applied to research software (RS), an attempt to describe and identify common and rare patterns of Research Software Engineering (RSE) development. This allows individuals and RS project teams to understand their contributions, impact and repository dynamics - an important foundation for improving RSE. We evaluate the method on different patterns of collaborative interaction behaviour…

Self-interacting dark matter in the center of a Local Group dwarf galaxy and its satellites
Thales A. Gutcke, Giulia Despali, Stephanie O'Neil, Mark Vogelsberger, Azadeh Fattahi, David B. Sanders
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05258

Self-interacting dark matter in the center of a Local Group dwarf galaxy and its satellites
We present a detailed comparison of a Local Group dwarf galaxy analogue evolved in two cosmological models: the standard $Λ$CDM and a self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) model with a velocity-dependent cross-section. Both simulations are run with the high-resolution, hydrodynamical LYRA galaxy formation model, allowing us to explore the global and substructure properties of the dwarf in a consistent context. While the overall halo growth, final mass, and subhalo mass functions remain largely u…

Lithographic integration of TES microcalorimeters with SQUID multiplexer circuits for large format spectrometers
Robinjeet Singh, Avirup Roy, Daniel Becker, Johnathan D. Gard, Mark W. Keller, John A. B. Mates, Kelsey M. Morgan, Nathan J. Ortiz, Daniel R. Schmidt, Daniel S. Swetz, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Michael Vissers, Galen C. O'Neil, Joel C. Weber
…

Lithographic integration of TES microcalorimeters with SQUID multiplexer circuits for large format spectrometers
Arrays of hundreds or thousands of low temperature detectors have been deployed for many experiments, both bolometers for long wavelength applications and calorimeters for shorter wavelength applications. One challenge that is common to many of these arrays is the efficient use of focal plane area to achieve a large fill fraction of absorbers coupled to detectors. We are developing an integrated fabrication of soft X-ray transition edge sensors (TES) and microwave SQUID multiplexers ($μ$MUX) w…

MechStyle: Augmenting Generative AI with Mechanical Simulation to Create Stylized and Structurally Viable 3D Models
Faraz Faruqi, Amira Abdel-Rahman, Leandra Tejedor, Martin Nisser, Jiaji Li, Vrushank Phadnis, Varun Jampani, Neil Gershenfeld, Megan Hofmann, Stefanie Mueller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20571

MechStyle: Augmenting Generative AI with Mechanical Simulation to Create Stylized and Structurally Viable 3D Models
Recent developments in Generative AI enable creators to stylize 3D models based on text prompts. These methods change the 3D model geometry, which can compromise the model's structural integrity once fabricated. We present MechStyle, a system that enables creators to stylize 3D printable models while preserving their structural integrity. MechStyle accomplishes this by augmenting the Generative AI-based stylization process with feedback from a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulation. As the st…

From X-rays to High-Energy Gamma-rays: A Comprehensive Multi-Wavelength Study of Early Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
P. Tiwari, B. Banerjee, D. Miceli, G. Oganesyan, A. Ierardi, S. Macera, M. Branchesi, L. Nava, S. Mohnani, S. Agarwal, A. Shukla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05239

From X-rays to High-Energy Gamma-rays: A Comprehensive Multi-Wavelength Study of Early Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) generate powerful relativistic jets that inject a large amount of energy into their surrounding environment, producing blast waves that accelerate particles to high energies. The GRB afterglow radiation provides a powerful means to investigate the microphysics of relativistic shocks and to probe the medium surrounding the progenitor of the burst. In this study, we present a comprehensive multiwavelength analysis of 31 GRBs observed between 2008 and 2024 from the Neil Geh…

A Possibility Frontier Approach to Diverse Talent Selection
Neil Natarajan, Kadeem Noray
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06119 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.06119

A Possibility Frontier Approach to Diverse Talent Selection
Organizations (e.g., talent investment programs, schools, firms) are perennially interested in selecting cohorts of talented people. And organizations are increasingly interested in selecting diverse cohorts. Except in trivial cases, measuring the tradeoff between cohort diversity and talent is computationally difficult. Thus, organizations are presently unable to make Pareto-efficient decisions about these tradeoffs. We introduce an algorithm that approximates upper bounds on cohort talent and…

RangeSAM: Leveraging Visual Foundation Models for Range-View repesented LiDAR segmentation
Paul Julius K\"uhn, Duc Anh Nguyen, Arjan Kuijper, Holger Graf, Dieter Fellner, Saptarshi Neil Sinha
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15886

RangeSAM: Leveraging Visual Foundation Models for Range-View repesented LiDAR segmentation
Point cloud segmentation is central to autonomous driving and 3D scene understanding. While voxel- and point-based methods dominate recent research due to their compatibility with deep architectures and ability to capture fine-grained geometry, they often incur high computational cost, irregular memory access, and limited real-time efficiency. In contrast, range-view methods, though relatively underexplored - can leverage mature 2D semantic segmentation techniques for fast and accurate predicti…

Metric Equational Theories
Radu Mardare (Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland), Neil Ghani (University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland), Eigil Rischel (University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14094

Metric Equational Theories
This paper proposes appropriate sound and complete proof systems for algebraic structures over metric spaces by combining the development of Quantitative Equational Theories (QET) with the Enriched Lawvere Theories. We extend QETs to Metric Equational Theories (METs) where operations no longer have finite sets as arities (as in QETs and the general theory of universal algebras), but arities are now drawn from countable metric spaces. This extension is inspired by the theory of Enriched Lawvere …

On the Detection of Internal Defects in Structured Media
Bryl Nico M. Ong, Aarush Borker, Neil Jerome A. Egarguin, Daniel Onofrei
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.16216 https://

On the Detection of Internal Defects in Structured Media
A critical issue that affects engineers trying to assess the structural integrity of various infrastructures, such as metal rods or acoustic ducts, is the challenge of detecting internal fractures (defects). Traditionally, engineers depend on audible and visual aids to identify these fractures, as they do not physically dissect the object in question into multiple pieces to check for inconsistencies. This research introduces ideas towards the development of a robust strategy to image such defec…

A Category Theoretic Approach to Approximate Game Theory
Neil Ghani (MSP Group, University of Strathclyde)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20932 https://arxiv.o…

A Category Theoretic Approach to Approximate Game Theory
This paper uses category theory to develop an entirely new approach to approximate game theory. Game theory is the study of how different agents within a multi-agent system take decisions. At its core, game theory asks what an optimal decision is in a given scenario. Thus approximate game theory asks what is an approximately optimal decision in a given scenario. This is important in practice as -- just like in much of computing -- exact answers maybe too difficult to compute or even impossible …

Markov Decision Processing Networks
Sanidhay Bhambay, Thirupathaiah Vasantam, Neil Walton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24541 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.24541…

Markov Decision Processing Networks
We introduce Markov Decision Processing Networks (MDPNs) as a multiclass queueing network model where service is a controlled, finite-state Markov process. The model exhibits a decision-dependent service process where actions taken influence future service availability. Viewed as a two-sided queueing model, this captures settings such as assemble-to-order systems, ride-hailing platforms, cross-skilled call centers, and quantum switches. We first characterize the capacity region of MDPNs. Unli…

Multihead Finite-State Dimension
Xiang Huang, Xiaoyuan Li, Jack H. Lutz, Neil Lutz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22912 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.22912…

Multihead Finite-State Dimension
We introduce multihead finite-state dimension, a generalization of finite-state dimension in which a group of finite-state agents (the heads) with oblivious, one-way movement rules, each reporting only one symbol at a time, enable their leader to bet on subsequent symbols in an infinite data stream. In aggregate, such a scheme constitutes an $h$-head finite state gambler whose maximum achievable growth rate of capital in this task, quantified using betting strategies called gales, determines th…

Spectral-temporal processing using integrated recursive electro-optic circuit
Xudong Li, Yaowen Hu, Tong Ge, Andrea Cordaro, Yunxiang Song, Xinrui Zhu, Shengyuan Lu, Keith Powell, Let\'icia Magalh\~aes, Urban Senica, Neil Sinclair, Marko Lon\v{c}ar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25102

Spectral-temporal processing using integrated recursive electro-optic circuit
Advances in integrated photonics have enabled unprecedented level of control of light, powering a wide range of photonic technologies from communications and computing to precision metrology and quantum information. However, the conventional on-chip optical signal processing approaches based on optical waveguides and cavities suffer from their large physical footprint and narrow operating bandwidth, respectively. To address this, we propose and experimentally demonstrate, using the thin film li…

GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures
Neil Lu, Sizheng Ma, Ornella J. Piccinni, Yanbei Chen, Ling Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01001 https://arx…

GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures
The horizon of a black hole, the "surface of no return," is characterized by its rotation frequency $Ω_H$ and surface gravity $κ$. A striking signature is that any infalling object appears to orbit at $Ω_H$ due to frame dragging, while its emitted signals decay exponentially at a rate set by $κ$ as a consequence of gravitational redshift. Recent theoretical work predicts that the merger phase of gravitational waves from binary black hole coalescences carries direct imprints of the remnant h…

Replaced article(s) found for math.NA. https://arxiv.org/list/math.NA/new
[1/1]:
- The Stochastic Steepest Descent Method for Robust Optimization in Banach Spaces
Neil K. Chada, Philip J. Herbert

Chromaticity of stellar activity in radial velocities : Anti-correlated families of lines on the M dwarf EV Lac with SPIRou and SOPHIE
Pierre Larue, Xavier Delfosse, Andres Carmona, Nad\`ege Meunier, \'Etienne Artigau, Stefano Bellotti, Paul Charpentier, Claire Moutou, Jean-Fran\c{c}ois Donati, Isabelle Boisse, Thierry Forveille, Luc Arnold, Vincent Bourrier, Xavier Bonfils, Charles Cadieux, Antoine Chomez, Neil Cook, Pia Cortes Zuleta, Paul Cristofari, Rodrigo Diaz, Ren\'e Doy…

Chromaticity of stellar activity in radial velocities : Anti-correlated families of lines on the M dwarf EV Lac with SPIRou and SOPHIE
Context. In the search for exoplanets using radial velocities (RV), stellar activity has become one of the main limiting factors for detectability. Fortunately, activity-induced RV signals are wavelength-dependent or chromatic, unlike planetary signals. This study exploits the broad spectral coverage provided by the combined use of SOPHIE and SPIRou velocimeters to investigate the chromatic nature of the activity signal of the highly active M dwarf EV Lac. Aims. We aim to understand the origi…

Crosslisted article(s) found for cs.MA. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.MA/new
[1/1]:
- ORCA: Agentic Reasoning For Hallucination and Adversarial Robustness in Vision-Language Models
Chung-En Johnny Yu (Neil), Hsuan-Chih (Neil), Chen, Brian Jalaian, Nathaniel D. Bastian

SecInfer: Preventing Prompt Injection via Inference-time Scaling
Yupei Liu, Yanting Wang, Yuqi Jia, Jinyuan Jia, Neil Zhenqiang Gong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24967 https://

SecInfer: Preventing Prompt Injection via Inference-time Scaling
Prompt injection attacks pose a pervasive threat to the security of Large Language Models (LLMs). State-of-the-art prevention-based defenses typically rely on fine-tuning an LLM to enhance its security, but they achieve limited effectiveness against strong attacks. In this work, we propose \emph{SecInfer}, a novel defense against prompt injection attacks built on \emph{inference-time scaling}, an emerging paradigm that boosts LLM capability by allocating more compute resources for reasoning dur…

A LOFAR search for coherent radio emission accompanying prompt engine activity in gamma-ray bursts
A. Hennessy, R. L. C. Starling, A. Rowlinson, I. de Ruiter, A. J. van der Horst, G. E. Anderson, N. R. Tanvir, S. ter Veen, K. Wiersema, R. A. M. J. Wijers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21142

A LOFAR search for coherent radio emission accompanying prompt engine activity in gamma-ray bursts
Relativistic jets generated in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) produce luminous transient events, yet the fundamentals of jet composition and radiation mechanisms remain unclear. One means of identifying a magnetically-dominated outflow would be detection of prompt, coherent radio emission at low frequencies, and we are able to search for this using the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) coupled with modelling of high energy pulses detected by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift). We present the rapid r…

The interstellar heritage of comets
Karen Willacy, Liton Majumdar, Boncho Bonev, Erika Gibb, Neil Dello Russo, Michael DiSanti, Ronald J. Vervack Jr, Nathan X Roth
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20530

The interstellar heritage of comets
Comets have similar compositions to interstellar medium ices, suggesting at least some of their molecules maybe inherited from an earlier stage of evolution. To investigate the degree to which this might have occurred we compare the composition of individual comets to that of the well-studied protostellar region IRAS 16293-2422B. We show that the observed molecular abundance ratios in several comets correlate well with those observed in the protostellar source. However, this does not necessaril…

Comprehensive X-ray Observations of the Exceptional Ultra-long X-ray and Gamma-ray Transient GRB 250702B with Swift, NuSTAR, and Chandra: Insights from the X-ray Afterglow Properties
Brendan O'Connor, Ramandeep Gill, James DeLaunay, Jeremy Hare, Dheeraj Pasham, Eric R. Coughlin, Ananya Bandopadhyay, Akash Anumarlapudi, Paz Beniamini, Jonathan Granot, Igor Andreoni, Jonathan Carney, Michael J. Moss, Ersin G\"o\u{g}\"u\c{s}, Jamie A. Kennea, Malte Busmann, Simone Dichiara, …

Comprehensive X-ray Observations of the Exceptional Ultra-long X-ray and Gamma-ray Transient GRB 250702B with Swift, NuSTAR, and Chandra: Insights from the X-ray Afterglow Properties
GRB 250702B is an exceptional transient that produced multiple episodes of luminous gamma-ray radiation lasting for $>25$ ks, placing it among the class of ultra-long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). However, unlike any known GRB, a soft X-ray precursor was discovered by the Einstein Probe up to 24 hours before the gamma-ray triggers. We present comprehensive X-ray observations of the transient's afterglow obtained with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, and …

Phase Transition Dynamics Induced by Strong Radio-Frequency Fields in ReBCO High Temperature Superconductors
Ankur Dhar, Mitchell E. Schneider, Emilio A. Nanni, Jessica Golm, Patrick Krkoti\'c, Walter Wuensch, Sergio Calatroni, Neil Lamas, Teresa Puig, Joffre Gutierrez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13668

Phase Transition Dynamics Induced by Strong Radio-Frequency Fields in ReBCO High Temperature Superconductors
Probing the dynamics of superconductor phase transitions induced by strong electromagnetic fields is vital to designing high power devices leveraging these materials. The development of high temperature superconductors (HTS) is particularly interesting due to critical temperatures ($T_c$) approaching 90 K, the ability to support high current densities, and their ability to operate in strong static magnetic fields. This work aims to determine the transition dynamics of these materials at radio-f…

High-Precision Scale Setting with the Omega-Baryon Mass and Gradient Flow
Alexei Bazavov, Claude W. Bernard, David A. Clarke, Carleton DeTar, Aida X. El-Khadra, Elvira G\'amiz, Steven Gottlieb, Anthony V. Grebe, Urs M. Heller, Leon Hostetler, William I. Jay, Hwancheol Jeong, Andreas S. Kronfeld, Yin Lin, Shaun Lahert, Jack Laiho, Michael Lynch, Andrew T. Lytle, Aaron S. Meyer, Ethan T. Neil, Curtis T. Peterson, James N. Simone, Jacob W. Sitison, Ruth S. Van de Water, Alejandro Vaqu…

High-Precision Scale Setting with the Omega-Baryon Mass and Gradient Flow
The gradient-flow scale $w_0$ in lattice QCD is determined using the mass of the $Ω^-$ baryon to set the physical scale. Nine ensembles using the highly improved staggered quark (HISQ) action with lattice spacings of 0.15 fm down to 0.04 fm are used, seven of which have nearly physical light-quark masses. Electromagnetic corrections to the $Ω^-$ mass are defined in order to compute a pure-QCD $Ω$ mass. The final result is $w_0 = 0.17187(68)$ fm, corresponding to a relative uncertainty of 0.4…