Tootfinder

Position: AI Will Transform Neuropsychology Through Mental Health Digital Twins for Dynamic Mental Health Care, Especially for ADHD
Neil Natarajan, Sruthi Viswanathan, Xavier Roberts-Gaal, Michelle Marie Martel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07409

Position: AI Will Transform Neuropsychology Through Mental Health Digital Twins for Dynamic Mental Health Care, Especially for ADHD
Static solutions don't serve a dynamic mind. Thus, we advocate a shift from static mental health diagnostic assessments to continuous, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven assessment. Focusing on Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as a case study, we explore how generative AI has the potential to address current capacity constraints in neuropsychology, potentially enabling more personalized and longitudinal care pathways. In particular, AI can efficiently conduct frequent, low-level…

Fixed points of classical gravity coupled with a Standard-Model-like theory
Latham Boyle, Neil Turok, Vatsalya Vaibhav
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09346 https://

Fixed points of classical gravity coupled with a Standard-Model-like theory
Coupling quantum field theory (QFT) \!-\! even free QFT \!-\! to gravity leads to well-known problems. In particular, the stress tensor $T_{μν}$ (gravity's source) and its correlators typically diverge in the UV, creating a conflict between the wildly inhomogeneous spacetime we expect quantum mechanically and the weakly-curved, macroscopic spacetime we observe. Are there QFTs for which these divergences cancel? Here, for simplicity, we consider free quantum fields on a classical curved backgr…

Quantifying thermal water dissociation in the dayside photosphere of WASP-121 b using NIRPS
Luc Bazinet, Romain Allart, Bj\"orn Benneke, Stefan Pelletier, Joost P. Wardenier, Neil J. Cook, Thierry Forveille, Louise D. Nielsen, Khaled Al Moulla, \'Etienne Artigau, Fr\'ed\'erique Baron, Susana C. C. Barros, Xavier Bonfils, Fran\c{c}ois Bouchy, Marta Bryan, Bruno L. Canto Martins, Ryan Cloutier, Nicolas B. Cowan, Daniel Brito de Freitas, Jose Renan De Medeiros, Xavier Del…

Quantifying thermal water dissociation in the dayside photosphere of WASP-121 b using NIRPS
The intense stellar irradiation of ultra-hot Jupiters results in some of the most extreme atmospheric environments in the planetary regime. On their daysides, temperatures can be sufficiently high for key atmospheric constituents to thermally dissociate into simpler molecular species and atoms. This dissociation drastically changes the atmospheric opacities and, in turn, critically alters the temperature structure, atmospheric dynamics, and day-night heat transport. To this date, however, simul…

Progress and new challenges in image-based profiling
Erik Serrano, John Peters, Jesko Wagner, Rebecca E. Graham, Zhenghao Chen, Brian Feng, Gisele Miranda, Alexandr A. Kalinin, Loan Vulliard, Jenna Tomkinson, Cameron Mattson, Michael J. Lippincott, Ziqi Kang, Divya Sitani, Dave Bunten, Srijit Seal, Neil O. Carragher, Anne E. Carpenter, Shantanu Singh, Paula A. Marin Zapata, Juan C. Caicedo, Gregory P. Way

Progress and new challenges in image-based profiling
For over two decades, image-based profiling has revolutionized cellular phenotype analysis. Image-based profiling processes rich, high-throughput, microscopy data into unbiased measurements that reveal phenotypic patterns powerful for drug discovery, functional genomics, and cell state classification. Here, we review the evolving computational landscape of image-based profiling, detailing current procedures, discussing limitations, and highlighting future development directions. Deep learning h…

Lithographic integration of TES microcalorimeters with SQUID multiplexer circuits for large format spectrometers
Robinjeet Singh, Avirup Roy, Daniel Becker, Johnathan D. Gard, Mark W. Keller, John A. B. Mates, Kelsey M. Morgan, Nathan J. Ortiz, Daniel R. Schmidt, Daniel S. Swetz, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Michael Vissers, Galen C. O'Neil, Joel C. Weber
…

Lithographic integration of TES microcalorimeters with SQUID multiplexer circuits for large format spectrometers
Arrays of hundreds or thousands of low temperature detectors have been deployed for many experiments, both bolometers for long wavelength applications and calorimeters for shorter wavelength applications. One challenge that is common to many of these arrays is the efficient use of focal plane area to achieve a large fill fraction of absorbers coupled to detectors. We are developing an integrated fabrication of soft X-ray transition edge sensors (TES) and microwave SQUID multiplexers ($μ$MUX) w…

The Stability of Block Eliminations and Additive Modifications
Neil Lindquist, Piotr Luszczek, Jack Dongarra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07305 https://arxiv…

The Stability of Block Eliminations and Additive Modifications
The block elimination with additive modifications (BEAM) method was recently proposed as a alternative to LU with partial pivoting requiring less communication. Because of the novelty of BEAM, the existing theoretical analysis is lacking. To that end, we analyze both the numerical stability of the underlying block LU factorization and the effects of additive modifications. For the block LU factorization, we are able to improve the previous results of Demmel et al. from being cubic in the elemen…

Who Do You Think You Are? Creating RSE Personas from GitHub Interactions
Felicity Anderson, Julien Sindt, Neil Chue Hong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05390 https://

Who Do You Think You Are? Creating RSE Personas from GitHub Interactions
We describe data-driven RSE personas: an approach combining software repository mining and data-driven personas applied to research software (RS), an attempt to describe and identify common and rare patterns of Research Software Engineering (RSE) development. This allows individuals and RS project teams to understand their contributions, impact and repository dynamics - an important foundation for improving RSE. We evaluate the method on different patterns of collaborative interaction behaviour…

Continuous Audio Language Models
Rouard Simon, Orsini Manu, Roebel Axel, Zeghidour Neil, D\'efossez Alexandre
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06926 https://…

Continuous Audio Language Models
Audio Language Models (ALM) have emerged as the dominant paradigm for speech and music generation by representing audio as sequences of discrete tokens. Yet, unlike text tokens, which are invertible, audio tokens are extracted from lossy codecs with a limited bitrate. As a consequence, increasing audio quality requires generating more tokens, which imposes a trade-off between fidelity and computational cost. We address this issue by studying Continuous Audio Language Models (CALM). These models…

Inoculation Prompting: Instructing LLMs to misbehave at train-time improves test-time alignment
Nevan Wichers, Aram Ebtekar, Ariana Azarbal, Victor Gillioz, Christine Ye, Emil Ryd, Neil Rathi, Henry Sleight, Alex Mallen, Fabien Roger, Samuel Marks
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05024

Inoculation Prompting: Instructing LLMs to misbehave at train-time improves test-time alignment
Large language models are sometimes trained with imperfect oversight signals, leading to undesired behaviors such as reward hacking and sycophancy. Improving oversight quality can be expensive or infeasible, motivating methods that improve learned behavior despite an imperfect training signal. We introduce Inoculation Prompting (IP), a simple but counterintuitive technique that prevents learning of an undesired behavior by modifying training prompts to explicitly request it. For example, to ino…

Replaced article(s) found for hep-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/hep-ph/new
[1/2]:
- Repurposing lattice QCD results for composite phenomenology
Thomas DeGrand, Ethan T. Neil

A Possibility Frontier Approach to Diverse Talent Selection
Neil Natarajan, Kadeem Noray
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06119 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.06119

A Possibility Frontier Approach to Diverse Talent Selection
Organizations (e.g., talent investment programs, schools, firms) are perennially interested in selecting cohorts of talented people. And organizations are increasingly interested in selecting diverse cohorts. Except in trivial cases, measuring the tradeoff between cohort diversity and talent is computationally difficult. Thus, organizations are presently unable to make Pareto-efficient decisions about these tradeoffs. We introduce an algorithm that approximates upper bounds on cohort talent and…

Handling Data Gaps for the Next Generation of Gravitational-Wave Observatories
Noah Pearson, Neil J. Cornish
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05479 https://arxiv…

Handling Data Gaps for the Next Generation of Gravitational-Wave Observatories
In the coming decades, as the low frequency sensitivity of detectors improves, the time that gravitational-wave signals remain in the sensitive band will increase, leading to new challenges in analyzing data, namely non-stationary noise and data gaps. Time-frequency (wavelet) methods can efficiently handle non-stationary noise, but data gaps still lead to spectral leakage due to the finite length of the wavelet filters. It was previously shown that Bayesian data augmentation - "gap filling" - c…

From X-rays to High-Energy Gamma-rays: A Comprehensive Multi-Wavelength Study of Early Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
P. Tiwari, B. Banerjee, D. Miceli, G. Oganesyan, A. Ierardi, S. Macera, M. Branchesi, L. Nava, S. Mohnani, S. Agarwal, A. Shukla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05239

From X-rays to High-Energy Gamma-rays: A Comprehensive Multi-Wavelength Study of Early Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) generate powerful relativistic jets that inject a large amount of energy into their surrounding environment, producing blast waves that accelerate particles to high energies. The GRB afterglow radiation provides a powerful means to investigate the microphysics of relativistic shocks and to probe the medium surrounding the progenitor of the burst. In this study, we present a comprehensive multiwavelength analysis of 31 GRBs observed between 2008 and 2024 from the Neil Geh…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.HC. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.HC/new
[1/2]:
- The Effect of Warm-Glow on User Behavioral Intention to Adopt Technology: Extending the UTAUT2 Model
Antonios Saravanos, Neil Stott, Dongnanzi Zheng, Stavros Zervoudakis

kabr-tools: Automated Framework for Multi-Species Behavioral Monitoring
Jenna Kline, Maksim Kholiavchenko, Samuel Stevens, Nina van Tiel, Alison Zhong, Namrata Banerji, Alec Sheets, Sowbaranika Balasubramaniam, Isla Duporge, Matthew Thompson, Elizabeth Campolongo, Jackson Miliko, Neil Rosser, Tanya Berger-Wolf, Charles V. Stewart, Daniel I. Rubenstein
https://

kabr-tools: Automated Framework for Multi-Species Behavioral Monitoring
A comprehensive understanding of animal behavior ecology depends on scalable approaches to quantify and interpret complex, multidimensional behavioral patterns. Traditional field observations are often limited in scope, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, hindering the assessment of behavioral responses across landscapes. To address this, we present kabr-tools (Kenyan Animal Behavior Recognition Tools), an open-source package for automated multi-species behavioral monitoring. This framework in…

The two conduction bands of monolayer CrSBr on Au
Yogal Prasad Ghimirey, Laxman Nagireddy, Cephise Cacho, Neil R. Wilson, Matthew D. Watson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04925 http…

The two conduction bands of monolayer CrSBr on Au
We report the electronic structure of monolayer CrSBr exfoliated onto mica template-stripped gold substrates. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals charge transfer from the substrate, populating the conduction band of monolayer CrSBr, accompanied by a pronounced reduction in the quasiparticle band gap. Furthermore, we observe two separate conduction bands that exhibit a splitting at the X point. This indicates a breaking of glide-mirror symmetry, which in the bulk or in a free-stand…

Self-interacting dark matter in the center of a Local Group dwarf galaxy and its satellites
Thales A. Gutcke, Giulia Despali, Stephanie O'Neil, Mark Vogelsberger, Azadeh Fattahi, David B. Sanders
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05258

Self-interacting dark matter in the center of a Local Group dwarf galaxy and its satellites
We present a detailed comparison of a Local Group dwarf galaxy analogue evolved in two cosmological models: the standard $Λ$CDM and a self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) model with a velocity-dependent cross-section. Both simulations are run with the high-resolution, hydrodynamical LYRA galaxy formation model, allowing us to explore the global and substructure properties of the dwarf in a consistent context. While the overall halo growth, final mass, and subhalo mass functions remain largely u…

EditTrack: Detecting and Attributing AI-assisted Image Editing
Zhengyuan Jiang, Yuyang Zhang, Moyang Guo, Neil Zhenqiang Gong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01173 https://

EditTrack: Detecting and Attributing AI-assisted Image Editing
In this work, we formulate and study the problem of image-editing detection and attribution: given a base image and a suspicious image, detection seeks to determine whether the suspicious image was derived from the base image using an AI editing model, while attribution further identifies the specific editing model responsible. Existing methods for detecting and attributing AI-generated images are insufficient for this problem, as they focus on determining whether an image was AI-generated/edit…

Optical Design Pathways to Fluidic Space-Assembled Reflectors & Dual-Configuration Spectrographs for Characterizing Exo-Earths
Enrico Biancalani, Edward Balaban, Ruslan Belikov, Eduardo Bendek, Valeri Frumkin, Israel Gabay, Guangjun Gao, Qian Gong, Christine Gregg, Tyler Groff, Joseph Howard, Omer Luria, Michael McElwain, Lee Mundy, Rachel Ticknor, Sylvain Veilleux, Neil Zimmerman

Optical Design Pathways to Fluidic Space-Assembled Reflectors & Dual-Configuration Spectrographs for Characterizing Exo-Earths
$\textbf{Fluidic Telescopes}$ | We present a conceptual framework for optically designing space-assembled telescopes whose primary mirror is formed $\textit{in situ}$ via the enabling, scale-invariant technology of fluidic shaping. In-space assembly of optical reflectors can solve light-gathering aperture scaling, which currently limits space-borne optical telescopes. Our compass reduces the top-level optical design trade to three types of avenues -- a fluidic pathway, a legacy one buildin…

Replaced article(s) found for econ.EM. https://arxiv.org/list/econ.EM/new
[1/1]:
- Counting Defiers: A Design-Based Model of an Experiment Can Reveal Evidence Beyond the Average Ef...
Neil Christy, Amanda Ellen Kowalski

Mitigating Modal Imbalance in Multimodal Reasoning
Chen Henry Wu, Neil Kale, Aditi Raghunathan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02608 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.…

Mitigating Modal Imbalance in Multimodal Reasoning
Foundation models (FMs) deployed in real-world tasks such as computer-use agents must integrate diverse modalities. How good are FMs at performing joint reasoning, simultaneously reasoning over multiple modalities, especially when the modalities interact and relate to each other to form cross-modal context? To better understand this problem, we study FMs on cross-modal conflicts: scenarios where conflicting evidence is presented across modalities. This allows us to examine whether FMs prioritiz…

Modelling Program Spaces in Program Synthesis with Constraints
Tilman Hinnerichs, Bart Swinkels, Jaap de Jong, Reuben Gardos Reid, Tudor Magirescu, Neil Yorke-Smith, Sebastijan Dumancic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00005

Modelling Program Spaces in Program Synthesis with Constraints
A core challenge in program synthesis is taming the large space of possible programs. Since program synthesis is essentially a combinatorial search, the community has sought to leverage powerful combinatorial constraint solvers. Here, constraints are used to express the program semantics, but not as a potentially potent tool to remove unwanted programs. Recent inductive logic programming approaches introduce constraints on the program's syntax to be synthesized. These syntactic constraints allo…

A comparative study of the high-pressure structural stability of zirconolite materials for nuclear waste immobilisation
Daniel Errandonea, Robin Turnbull, Josu Sanchez-Martin, Robert Oliva, Alfonso Munoz, Silvana Radescu, Andres Mujica, Lewis Blackburn, Neil C. Hyatt, Catalin Popescu, Jordi Ibanez-Insa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03786

A comparative study of the high-pressure structural stability of zirconolite materials for nuclear waste immobilisation
We present a comparative study of the high-pressure behaviours of the nuclear waste immobilisation materials zirconolite-2M, -4M, -3O, and -3T. The materials are studied under high-pressure conditions using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. For zirconolite-2M we also performed density-functional theory calculations. A new triclinic crystal structure (space group P-1), instead of the previously assigned monoclinic structure (space group C2/c) is proposed for zirconolite-2M. We named the tric…

Ecosystem Recovery to Historical Targets Becomes Unattainable Under Modelled Fishing and Climate in the Barents Sea
Matthew Hatton, Jack H Laverick, Neil Banas, Michael Heath
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04806

Ecosystem Recovery to Historical Targets Becomes Unattainable Under Modelled Fishing and Climate in the Barents Sea
Climate change and fisheries jointly shape the resilience of the Barents Sea marine ecosystem, yet the recovery of key fish populations to climate and anthropogenic disturbances requires further investigation. This study examines how fishing pressure and climate change, driven by the NEMO-MEDUSA Earth system model, influence the recovery times of Demersal and Planktivorous fish in the Barents Sea. We used the StrathE2EPolar end-to-end ecosystem model to simulate transient dynamics under increas…

Long-term resilience of online battle over vaccines and beyond
Lucia Illari, Nicholas J. Restrepo, Neil F. Johnson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01398 https://

Long-term resilience of online battle over vaccines and beyond
What has been the impact of the enormous amounts of time, effort and money spent promoting pro-vaccine science from pre-COVID-19 to now? We answer this using a unique mapping of online competition between pro- and anti-vaccination views among ~100M Facebook Page members, tracking 1,356 interconnected communities through platform interventions. Remarkably, the network's fundamental architecture shows no change: the isolation of established expertise and the symbiosis of anti and mainstream neutr…

WAInjectBench: Benchmarking Prompt Injection Detections for Web Agents
Yinuo Liu, Ruohan Xu, Xilong Wang, Yuqi Jia, Neil Zhenqiang Gong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01354 https://…

WAInjectBench: Benchmarking Prompt Injection Detections for Web Agents
Multiple prompt injection attacks have been proposed against web agents. At the same time, various methods have been developed to detect general prompt injection attacks, but none have been systematically evaluated for web agents. In this work, we bridge this gap by presenting the first comprehensive benchmark study on detecting prompt injection attacks targeting web agents. We begin by introducing a fine-grained categorization of such attacks based on the threat model. We then construct datase…

Replaced article(s) found for math.RA. https://arxiv.org/list/math.RA/new
[1/1]:
- Additive subgroups of a module that are saturated with respect to a subset of the ring
Jesse Elliott, Neil Epstein

On Aligning Prediction Models with Clinical Experiential Learning: A Prostate Cancer Case Study
Jacqueline J. Vallon, William Overman, Wanqiao Xu, Neil Panjwani, Xi Ling, Sushmita Vij, Hilary P. Bagshaw, John T. Leppert, Sumit Shah, Geoffrey Sonn, Sandy Srinivas, Erqi Pollom, Mark K. Buyyounouski, Mohsen Bayati
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.0…

On Aligning Prediction Models with Clinical Experiential Learning: A Prostate Cancer Case Study
Over the past decade, the use of machine learning (ML) models in healthcare applications has rapidly increased. Despite high performance, modern ML models do not always capture patterns the end user requires. For example, a model may predict a non-monotonically decreasing relationship between cancer stage and survival, keeping all other features fixed. In this paper, we present a reproducible framework for investigating this misalignment between model behavior and clinical experiential learning…

Markov Decision Processing Networks
Sanidhay Bhambay, Thirupathaiah Vasantam, Neil Walton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24541 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.24541…

Markov Decision Processing Networks
We introduce Markov Decision Processing Networks (MDPNs) as a multiclass queueing network model where service is a controlled, finite-state Markov process. The model exhibits a decision-dependent service process where actions taken influence future service availability. Viewed as a two-sided queueing model, this captures settings such as assemble-to-order systems, ride-hailing platforms, cross-skilled call centers, and quantum switches. We first characterize the capacity region of MDPNs. Unli…

Multihead Finite-State Dimension
Xiang Huang, Xiaoyuan Li, Jack H. Lutz, Neil Lutz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22912 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.22912…

Multihead Finite-State Dimension
We introduce multihead finite-state dimension, a generalization of finite-state dimension in which a group of finite-state agents (the heads) with oblivious, one-way movement rules, each reporting only one symbol at a time, enable their leader to bet on subsequent symbols in an infinite data stream. In aggregate, such a scheme constitutes an $h$-head finite state gambler whose maximum achievable growth rate of capital in this task, quantified using betting strategies called gales, determines th…

Beyond Quantification: Navigating Uncertainty in Professional AI Systems
Sylvie Delacroix, Diana Robinson, Umang Bhatt, Jacopo Domenicucci, Jessica Montgomery, Gael Varoquaux, Carl Henrik Ek, Vincent Fortuin, Yulan He, Tom Diethe, Neill Campbell, Mennatallah El-Assady, Soren Hauberg, Ivana Dusparic, Neil Lawrence
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509…

Beyond Quantification: Navigating Uncertainty in Professional AI Systems
The growing integration of large language models across professional domains transforms how experts make critical decisions in healthcare, education, and law. While significant research effort focuses on getting these systems to communicate their outputs with probabilistic measures of reliability, many consequential forms of uncertainty in professional contexts resist such quantification. A physician pondering the appropriateness of documenting possible domestic abuse, a teacher assessing cultu…

Symbol Detection Using an Integrate-and-Fire Time Encoding Receiver
Neil Irwin Bernardo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17704 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.17704…

Symbol Detection Using an Integrate-and-Fire Time Encoding Receiver
Event-driven sampling is a promising alternative to uniform sampling methods, particularly for systems constrained by power and hardware cost. A notable example of this sampling approach is the integrate-and-fire time encoding machine (IF-TEM), which encodes an analog signal into a sequence of time stamps by generating an event each time the integral of the input signal reaches a fixed threshold. In this paper, we propose a receiver architecture that estimates the sequence of transmitted symbol…

Introducing the Quantum Economic Advantage Online Calculator
Frederick Mejia, Hans Gundlach, Jayson Lynch, Carl Dukatz, Andrew Lucas, Eleanor Crane, Prashant Shukla, Neil Thompson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21031

Introducing the Quantum Economic Advantage Online Calculator
Developing a systematic view of where quantum computers will outperform classical ones is important for researchers, policy makers and business leaders. But developing such a view is challenging because quantum advantage analyses depend not only on algorithm properties, but also on a host of technical characteristics (error correction, gate speeds, etc.). Because various analyses make different assumptions about these technical characteristics, it can be challenging to make comparisons across t…

GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures
Neil Lu, Sizheng Ma, Ornella J. Piccinni, Yanbei Chen, Ling Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01001 https://arx…

GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures
The horizon of a black hole, the "surface of no return," is characterized by its rotation frequency $Ω_H$ and surface gravity $κ$. A striking signature is that any infalling object appears to orbit at $Ω_H$ due to frame dragging, while its emitted signals decay exponentially at a rate set by $κ$ as a consequence of gravitational redshift. Recent theoretical work predicts that the merger phase of gravitational waves from binary black hole coalescences carries direct imprints of the remnant h…

The Promise of Large Language Models in Digital Health: Evidence from Sentiment Analysis in Online Health Communities
Xiancheng Li, Georgios D. Karampatakis, Helen E. Wood, Chris J. Griffiths, Borislava Mihaylova, Neil S. Coulson, Alessio Pasinato, Pietro Panzarasa, Marco Viviani, Anna De Simoni
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14032

The Promise of Large Language Models in Digital Health: Evidence from Sentiment Analysis in Online Health Communities
Digital health analytics face critical challenges nowadays. The sophisticated analysis of patient-generated health content, which contains complex emotional and medical contexts, requires scarce domain expertise, while traditional ML approaches are constrained by data shortage and privacy limitations in healthcare settings. Online Health Communities (OHCs) exemplify these challenges with mixed-sentiment posts, clinical terminology, and implicit emotional expressions that demand specialised know…

Symmetric versus antisymmetric strain tuning of the valence transition in Yb(In$_{1-x}$Ag$_x$)Cu$_4$
Caitlin I. O'Neil, Michelle Ocker, Kristin Kliemt, Cornelius Krellner, Elena Gati
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04212

Symmetric versus antisymmetric strain tuning of the valence transition in Yb(In$_{1-x}$Ag$_x$)Cu$_4$
Similar to transitions in a range of correlated quantum materials, the valence transition exhibits a strong coupling to the crystal lattice, rendering it highly sensitive to stress tuning. In the present work, we determine the effect of uniaxial stress, which breaks the lattice symmetry, on the valence transition temperature and its crossover temperature in pure and Ag-substituted YbInCu$_4$. Our key result is that hydrostatic stress is more effective in tuning this transition than uniaxial str…

Spectral-temporal processing using integrated recursive electro-optic circuit
Xudong Li, Yaowen Hu, Tong Ge, Andrea Cordaro, Yunxiang Song, Xinrui Zhu, Shengyuan Lu, Keith Powell, Let\'icia Magalh\~aes, Urban Senica, Neil Sinclair, Marko Lon\v{c}ar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25102

Spectral-temporal processing using integrated recursive electro-optic circuit
Advances in integrated photonics have enabled unprecedented level of control of light, powering a wide range of photonic technologies from communications and computing to precision metrology and quantum information. However, the conventional on-chip optical signal processing approaches based on optical waveguides and cavities suffer from their large physical footprint and narrow operating bandwidth, respectively. To address this, we propose and experimentally demonstrate, using the thin film li…

Fingerprinting LLMs via Prompt Injection
Yuepeng Hu, Zhengyuan Jiang, Mengyuan Li, Osama Ahmed, Zhicong Huang, Cheng Hong, Neil Gong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25448 https://

Fingerprinting LLMs via Prompt Injection
Large language models (LLMs) are often modified after release through post-processing such as post-training or quantization, which makes it challenging to determine whether one model is derived from another. Existing provenance detection methods have two main limitations: (1) they embed signals into the base model before release, which is infeasible for already published models, or (2) they compare outputs across models using hand-crafted or random prompts, which are not robust to post-processi…

Chromaticity of stellar activity in radial velocities : Anti-correlated families of lines on the M dwarf EV Lac with SPIRou and SOPHIE
Pierre Larue, Xavier Delfosse, Andres Carmona, Nad\`ege Meunier, \'Etienne Artigau, Stefano Bellotti, Paul Charpentier, Claire Moutou, Jean-Fran\c{c}ois Donati, Isabelle Boisse, Thierry Forveille, Luc Arnold, Vincent Bourrier, Xavier Bonfils, Charles Cadieux, Antoine Chomez, Neil Cook, Pia Cortes Zuleta, Paul Cristofari, Rodrigo Diaz, Ren\'e Doy…

Chromaticity of stellar activity in radial velocities : Anti-correlated families of lines on the M dwarf EV Lac with SPIRou and SOPHIE
Context. In the search for exoplanets using radial velocities (RV), stellar activity has become one of the main limiting factors for detectability. Fortunately, activity-induced RV signals are wavelength-dependent or chromatic, unlike planetary signals. This study exploits the broad spectral coverage provided by the combined use of SOPHIE and SPIRou velocimeters to investigate the chromatic nature of the activity signal of the highly active M dwarf EV Lac. Aims. We aim to understand the origi…

Quantum Advantage in Computational Chemistry?
Hans Gundlach, Keeper Sharkey, Jayson Lynch, Victoria Hazoglou, Kung-Chuan Hsu, Carl Dukatz, Eleanor Crane, Karin Walczyk, Marcin Bodziak, Johannes Galatsanos-Dueck, Neil Thompson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20972

Quantum Advantage in Computational Chemistry?
For decades, computational chemistry has been posited as one of the areas in which quantum computing would revolutionize. However, the algorithmic advantages that fault-tolerant quantum computers have for chemistry can be overwhelmed by other disadvantages, such as error correction, processor speed, etc. To assess when quantum computing will be disruptive to computational chemistry, we compare a wide range of classical methods to quantum computational methods by extending the framework proposed…

Priors Matter: Addressing Misspecification in Bayesian Deep Q-Learning
Pascal R. van der Vaart, Neil Yorke-Smith, Matthijs T. J. Spaan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21488 https://

Priors Matter: Addressing Misspecification in Bayesian Deep Q-Learning
Uncertainty quantification in reinforcement learning can greatly improve exploration and robustness. Approximate Bayesian approaches have recently been popularized to quantify uncertainty in model-free algorithms. However, so far the focus has been on improving the accuracy of the posterior approximation, instead of studying the accuracy of the prior and likelihood assumptions underlying the posterior. In this work, we demonstrate that there is a cold posterior effect in Bayesian deep Q-learnin…

Crosslisted article(s) found for cs.MA. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.MA/new
[1/1]:
- ORCA: Agentic Reasoning For Hallucination and Adversarial Robustness in Vision-Language Models
Chung-En Johnny Yu (Neil), Hsuan-Chih (Neil), Chen, Brian Jalaian, Nathaniel D. Bastian

Comprehensive X-ray Observations of the Exceptional Ultra-long X-ray and Gamma-ray Transient GRB 250702B with Swift, NuSTAR, and Chandra: Insights from the X-ray Afterglow Properties
Brendan O'Connor, Ramandeep Gill, James DeLaunay, Jeremy Hare, Dheeraj Pasham, Eric R. Coughlin, Ananya Bandopadhyay, Akash Anumarlapudi, Paz Beniamini, Jonathan Granot, Igor Andreoni, Jonathan Carney, Michael J. Moss, Ersin G\"o\u{g}\"u\c{s}, Jamie A. Kennea, Malte Busmann, Simone Dichiara, …

Comprehensive X-ray Observations of the Exceptional Ultra-long X-ray and Gamma-ray Transient GRB 250702B with Swift, NuSTAR, and Chandra: Insights from the X-ray Afterglow Properties
GRB 250702B is an exceptional transient that produced multiple episodes of luminous gamma-ray radiation lasting for $>25$ ks, placing it among the class of ultra-long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). However, unlike any known GRB, a soft X-ray precursor was discovered by the Einstein Probe up to 24 hours before the gamma-ray triggers. We present comprehensive X-ray observations of the transient's afterglow obtained with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, and …

RangeSAM: Leveraging Visual Foundation Models for Range-View repesented LiDAR segmentation
Paul Julius K\"uhn, Duc Anh Nguyen, Arjan Kuijper, Holger Graf, Dieter Fellner, Saptarshi Neil Sinha
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15886

RangeSAM: Leveraging Visual Foundation Models for Range-View repesented LiDAR segmentation
Point cloud segmentation is central to autonomous driving and 3D scene understanding. While voxel- and point-based methods dominate recent research due to their compatibility with deep architectures and ability to capture fine-grained geometry, they often incur high computational cost, irregular memory access, and limited real-time efficiency. In contrast, range-view methods, though relatively underexplored - can leverage mature 2D semantic segmentation techniques for fast and accurate predicti…

Accelerating Deterministic Global Optimization via GPU-parallel Interval Arithmetic
Hongzhen Zhang (Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium), Tim Kerkenhoff (Institute of Climate and Energy Systems - Energy Systems Engineering), Neil Kichler (Software and Tools for Computational Engineering), Manuel Dahmen (Institute of Climate and Energy Systems - Energy Systems Engineering), Alexander Mitsos (JARA-CSD, Aachen, Germany, Process Systems Enginering, Institute of C…

Accelerating Deterministic Global Optimization via GPU-parallel Interval Arithmetic
Spatial Branch and Bound (B&B) algorithms are widely used for solving nonconvex problems to global optimality, yet they remain computationally expensive. Though some works have been carried out to speed up B&B via CPU parallelization, GPU parallelization is much less explored. In this work, we investigate the design of a spatial B&B algorithm that involves an interval-based GPU-parallel lower bounding solver: The domain of each B&B node is temporarily partitioned into numerous subdomains, then …

Extreme magnetic field-boosted superconductivity in a high-temperature superconductor
Km Rubi, King Yau Yip, Elizabeth Krenkel, Nurul Fitriyah, Xing Gao, Saurav Prakash, S. Lin Er Chow, Tsz Fung Poon, Mun K. Chan, David Graf, A. Ariando, Neil Harrison
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16290

Extreme magnetic field-boosted superconductivity in a high-temperature superconductor
Magnetic fields typically suppress superconductivity through Pauli and orbital limiting effects. However, there are rare instances of magnetic-field-induced superconductivity, as seen in Chevrel phase compounds [1], organic conductors [2], uranium-based heavy-fermion systems [3, 4], and moire graphene [5], though these materials possess inherently low superconducting transition temperatures (Tc). Here, we demonstrate high field-stabilized superconductivity in a class of materials with a signifi…

Reliable Weak-to-Strong Monitoring of LLM Agents
Neil Kale, Chen Bo Calvin Zhang, Kevin Zhu, Ankit Aich, Paula Rodriguez, Scale Red Team, Christina Q. Knight, Zifan Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19461

Reliable Weak-to-Strong Monitoring of LLM Agents
We stress test monitoring systems for detecting covert misbehavior in autonomous LLM agents (e.g., secretly sharing private information). To this end, we systematize a monitor red teaming (MRT) workflow that incorporates: (1) varying levels of agent and monitor situational awareness; (2) distinct adversarial strategies to evade the monitor, such as prompt injection; and (3) two datasets and environments -- SHADE-Arena for tool-calling agents and our new CUA-SHADE-Arena, which extends TheAgentCo…

Diving into the planetary system of Proxima with NIRPS -- Breaking the metre per second barrier in the infrared
Alejandro Su\'arez Mascare\~no, \'Etienne Artigau, Lucile Mignon, Xavier Delfosse, Neil J. Cook, Fran\c{c}ois Bouchy, Ren\'e Doyon, Jonay I. Gonz\'alez Hern\'andez, Thomas Vandal, Izan de Castro Le\~ao, Atanas K. Stefanov, Jo\~ao Faria, Charles Cadieux, Pierrot Lamontagne, Fr\'ed\'erique Baron, Susana C. C. Barros, Bj\"orn Benneke, Xavier Bonf…

Diving into the planetary system of Proxima with NIRPS -- Breaking the metre per second barrier in the infrared
We obtained 420 high-resolution spectra of Proxima, over 159 nights, using the Near Infra Red Planet Searcher (NIRPS). We derived 149 nightly binned radial velocity measurements with a standard deviation of 1.69 m/s and a median uncertainty of 55 cm/s, and performed a joint analysis combining radial velocities, spectroscopic activity indicators, and ground-based photometry, to model the planetary and stellar signals present in the data, applying multi-dimensional Gaussian process regression to …

A comparative study of time on Mars with lunar and terrestrial clocks
Neil Ashby, Bijunath R. Patla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21388 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

A comparative study of time on Mars with lunar and terrestrial clocks
As space exploration extends into cislunar space and further towards Mars, understanding the relativistic effects on clocks on Mars, particularly in relation to multibody gravitational influences, becomes increasingly important for accurate clock synchronization. This study estimates clock rates on Mars and compares them to those on the Moon and Earth. We find that, on average, clocks on Mars tick faster than those on the Earth's geoid by 477 microseconds per day, with a variation of 226 micros…

CaTE Data Curation for Trustworthy AI
Mary Versa Clemens-Sewall, Christopher Cervantes, Emma Rafkin, J. Neil Otte, Tom Magelinski, Libby Lewis, Michelle Liu, Dana Udwin, Monique Kirkman-Bey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14741

CaTE Data Curation for Trustworthy AI
This report provides practical guidance to teams designing or developing AI-enabled systems for how to promote trustworthiness during the data curation phase of development. In this report, the authors first define data, the data curation phase, and trustworthiness. We then describe a series of steps that the development team, especially data scientists, can take to build a trustworthy AI-enabled system. We enumerate the sequence of core steps and trace parallel paths where alternatives exist. …

NIRPS detection of delayed atmospheric escape from the warm and misaligned Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-69b
Romain Allart, Yann Carteret, Vincent Bourrier, Lucile Mignon, Frederique Baron, Charles Cadieux, Andres Carmona, Christophe Lovis, Hritam Chakraborty, Elisa Delgado-Mena, Etienne Artigau, Susana C. C. Barros, Bjorn Benneke, Xavier Bonfils, Francois Bouchy, Marta Bryan, Bruno L. Canto Martins, Ryan Cloutier, Neil J. Cook, Nicolas B. Cowan, Xavier Delfosse, Rene Doyon, Xavier Dumusq…

NIRPS detection of delayed atmospheric escape from the warm and misaligned Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-69b
Near-infrared high-resolution echelle spectrographs unlock access to fundamental properties of exoplanets, from their atmospheric escape and composition to their orbital architecture, which can all be studied simultaneously from transit observations. We present the first results of the newly commissioned ESO near-infrared spectrograph, NIRPS, from three transits of WASP-69b. We used the RM Revolutions technique to better constrain the orbital architecture of the system. We extracted the high-re…

Contributions to the Theory of Clifford-Cyclotomic Circuits
Linh Dinh (Dalhousie University), Neil J. Ross (Dalhousie University)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14674 https://

Contributions to the Theory of Clifford-Cyclotomic Circuits
Let $n$ be a positive integer divisible by 8. The Clifford-cyclotomic gate set $\mathcal{G}_n$ consists of the Clifford gates, together with a $z$-rotation of order $n$. It is easy to show that, if a circuit over $\mathcal{G}_n$ represents a unitary matrix $U$, then the entries of $U$ must lie in $\mathcal{R}_n$, the smallest subring of $\mathbb{C}$ containing $1/2$ and $\mathrm{exp}(2πi/n)$. The converse implication, that every unitary $U$ with entries in $\mathcal{R}_n$ can be represented by…

Strongly resonant polarization dynamics of pulse trains in a spin-flip model for an excitable microlaser with delayed self-feedback
Stefan Ruschel, Sylvain Barbay, Neil G. R. Broderick, Bernd Krauskopf
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13630

Strongly resonant polarization dynamics of pulse trains in a spin-flip model for an excitable microlaser with delayed self-feedback
Motivated by recent experimental observations concerning the polarization dynamics in an excitable microlaser with saturable absorber coupled to an external feedback mirror reported in [Ruschel et al. (2025) Opt. Lett. 50 (8) 2618], we propose here an in-depth theoretical investigation of the locked dynamics of regenerative vectorial pulse trains that this system produces. We perform a numerical bifurcation analysis of self-sustained pulse trains of a corresponding spin-flip model with delayed …

MaxWave: Rapid Maximum Likelihood Wavelet Reconstruction of Non-Gaussian features in Gravitational Wave Data
Sudhi Mathur, Neil J. Cornish
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13377 https…

MaxWave: Rapid Maximum Likelihood Wavelet Reconstruction of Non-Gaussian features in Gravitational Wave Data
Advancements in the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors have increased the detection rate of transient astrophysical signals. We improve the existing BayesWave initialization algorithm and present a rapid, low-latency approximate maximum likelihood solution for reconstructing non-Gaussian features. We include three enhancements: (1) using a modified wavelet basis to eliminate redundant inner product calculations; (2) shifting from traditional time-frequency-quality factor (TFQ) wavelet …

The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Targeted Searches for Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
Nikita Agarwal, Gabriella Agazie, Akash Anumarlapudi, Anne M. Archibald, Zaven Arzoumanian, Jeremy G. Baier, Paul T. Baker, Bence Becsy, Laura Blecha, Adam Brazier, Paul R. Brook, Sarah Burke-Spolaor, Rand Burnette, Robin Case, J. Andrew Casey-Clyde, Yu-Ting Chang, Maria Charisi, Shami Chatterjee, Tyler Cohen, Paolo Coppi, James M. Cordes, Neil J. Cornish, Fronefield Crawford, H. Thankful Cromartie, Kat…

The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Targeted Searches for Supermassive Black Hole Binaries
We present the first catalog of targeted searches for continuous gravitational waves (CWs) from 114 active galactic nuclei (AGN) that may host supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs), using the NANOGrav 15 yr data set. By incorporating electromagnetic priors on sky location, distance, redshift, and CW frequency, our strain and chirp mass upper limits are on average 2.6$\times$ more constraining than sky-averaged limits. Bayesian model comparisons against a common uncorrelated red noise for th…

Phase Transition Dynamics Induced by Strong Radio-Frequency Fields in ReBCO High Temperature Superconductors
Ankur Dhar, Mitchell E. Schneider, Emilio A. Nanni, Jessica Golm, Patrick Krkoti\'c, Walter Wuensch, Sergio Calatroni, Neil Lamas, Teresa Puig, Joffre Gutierrez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13668

Phase Transition Dynamics Induced by Strong Radio-Frequency Fields in ReBCO High Temperature Superconductors
Probing the dynamics of superconductor phase transitions induced by strong electromagnetic fields is vital to designing high power devices leveraging these materials. The development of high temperature superconductors (HTS) is particularly interesting due to critical temperatures ($T_c$) approaching 90 K, the ability to support high current densities, and their ability to operate in strong static magnetic fields. This work aims to determine the transition dynamics of these materials at radio-f…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.CR. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.CR/new
[1/1]:
- Model Poisoning Attacks to Federated Learning via Multi-Round Consistency
Yueqi Xie, Minghong Fang, Neil Zhenqiang Gong

The radio flare and multi-wavelength afterglow of the short GRB 231117A: energy injection from a violent shell collision
G. E. Anderson, G. P. Lamb, B. P. Gompertz, L. Rhodes, A. Martin-Carrillo, A. J. van der Horst, A. Rowlinson, M. E. Bell, T. -W. Chen, H. M. Fausey, M. Ferro, P. J. Hancock, S. R. Oates, S. Schulze, R. L. C. Starling, S. Yang, K. Ackley, J. P. Anderson, A. Andersson, J. F. Ag\"u\'i Fern\'andez, R. Brivio, E. Burns, K. C. Chambers, T. de Boer, V. D'El…

The radio flare and multi-wavelength afterglow of the short GRB 231117A: energy injection from a violent shell collision
We present the early radio detection and multi-wavelength modeling of the short gamma-ray burst (GRB) 231117A at redshift $z=0.257$. The Australia Telescope Compact Array automatically triggered a 9-hour observation of GRB 231117A at 5.5 and 9 GHz following its detection by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory just 1.3 hours post-burst. Splitting this observation into 1-hour time bins, the early radio afterglow exhibited flaring, scintillating and plateau phases. The scintillation allowed us to p…