Tootfinder

Quantifying thermal water dissociation in the dayside photosphere of WASP-121 b using NIRPS
Luc Bazinet, Romain Allart, Bj\"orn Benneke, Stefan Pelletier, Joost P. Wardenier, Neil J. Cook, Thierry Forveille, Louise D. Nielsen, Khaled Al Moulla, \'Etienne Artigau, Fr\'ed\'erique Baron, Susana C. C. Barros, Xavier Bonfils, Fran\c{c}ois Bouchy, Marta Bryan, Bruno L. Canto Martins, Ryan Cloutier, Nicolas B. Cowan, Daniel Brito de Freitas, Jose Renan De Medeiros, Xavier Del…

Quantifying thermal water dissociation in the dayside photosphere of WASP-121 b using NIRPS
The intense stellar irradiation of ultra-hot Jupiters results in some of the most extreme atmospheric environments in the planetary regime. On their daysides, temperatures can be sufficiently high for key atmospheric constituents to thermally dissociate into simpler molecular species and atoms. This dissociation drastically changes the atmospheric opacities and, in turn, critically alters the temperature structure, atmospheric dynamics, and day-night heat transport. To this date, however, simul…

On Naturally and Weakly Mal'tsev Categories
Nelson Martins-Ferreira
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13315 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.13315

On Naturally and Weakly Mal'tsev Categories
We explore a hierarchy of notions in categorical algebra: Mal'tsev categories (where every reflexive relation is symmetric); naturally Mal'tsev categories (where every reflexive graph underlies a unique internal groupoid structure, also known as the Lawvere Condition); and weakly Mal'tsev categories (defined via the joint epimorphicity of local product injections). While varying in generality and historical prominence, these notions can be uniformly described using suitable classes of spans and…

Topology-Aware Volume Fusion for Spectral Computed Tomography via Histograms and Extremum Graph
Mohit Sharma, Emma Nilsson, Martin Falk, Talha Bin Masood, Lee Jollans, Anders Persson, Tino Ebbers, Ingrid Hotz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14719

Topology-Aware Volume Fusion for Spectral Computed Tomography via Histograms and Extremum Graph
Photon-Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) is a novel imaging modality that simultaneously acquires volumetric data at multiple X-ray energy levels, generating separate volumes that capture energy-dependent attenuation properties. Attenuation refers to the reduction in X-ray intensity as it passes through different tissues or materials. This spectral information enhances tissue and material differentiation, enabling more accurate diagnosis and analysis. However, the resulting multivolume datase…

Programmable spatiotemporal OAM optical toroidal beams with completely tunable properties
Andrew V. Komonen, Nicolas K. Fontaine, Martin Pl\"oschner, Marcos Maestre Morote, David T. Neilson, Joel Carpenter, Mickael Mounaix
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20365

Programmable spatiotemporal OAM optical toroidal beams with completely tunable properties
Spatiotemporal toroidal orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams are a developing class of spatiotemporal beams which have key applications within quantum physics, metrology, imaging and optical manipulation. However, the full realization of these applications require complete configurability within tunable temporal duration, 3D geometric structure and OAM charge of these beams along with amplitude, phase and polarization control. In this paper, we demonstrate complete configurability of programmab…

Granulation signatures in 3D hydrodynamical simulations: evaluating background model performance using a Bayesian nested sampling framework
Jens R. Larsen, Mia S. Lundkvist, Guy R. Davies, Martin B. Nielsen, Hans-G\"unter Ludwig, Yixiao Zhao, Luisa F. Rodr\'iguez D\'iaz, Hans Kjeldsen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.1169…

Granulation signatures in 3D hydrodynamical simulations: evaluating background model performance using a Bayesian nested sampling framework
Understanding the granulation background signal is of vital importance when interpreting the asteroseismic diagnostics of solar-like oscillators. Various descriptions exist in the literature for modelling the surface manifestation of convection, the choice of which affects our interpretations. We aim to evaluate the performance of and preference for various granulation background models for a suite of 3D hydrodynamical simulations of convection across the HR diagram, thereby expanding the numbe…

Imaging valence electron rearrangement in a chemical reaction using hard X-ray scattering
Ian Gabalski, Alice Green, Philipp Lenzen, Felix Allum, Matthew Bain, Surjendu Bhattacharyya, Mathew A. Britton, Elio G. Champenois, Xinxin Cheng, James P. Cryan, Taran Driver, Ruaridh Forbes, Douglas Garratt, Aaron M. Ghrist, Martin Gra{\ss}l, Matthias F. Kling, Kirk A. Larsen, Mengning Liang, Ming-Fu Lin, Yusong Liu, Michael P. Minitti, Silke Nelson, Joseph S. Robinson, Philip H. Bucksbaum, Thom…

Imaging valence electron rearrangement in a chemical reaction using hard X-ray scattering
We have observed the signatures of valence electron rearrangement in photoexcited ammonia using ultrafast hard X-ray scattering. Time-resolved X-ray scattering is a powerful tool for imaging structural dynamics in molecules because of the strong scattering from the core electrons localized near each nucleus. Such core-electron contributions generally dominate the differential scattering signal, masking any signatures of rearrangement in the chemically important valence electrons. Ammonia repres…

Skyrmion Lattice Domain Formation in a Non-Flat Energy Landscape
Raphael Gruber, Jan Roth\"orl, Simon M. Fr\"ohlich, Maarten A. Brems, Tobias Sparmann, Fabian Kammerbauer, Maria-Andromachi Syskaki, Elizabeth M. Jefremovas, Sachin Krishnia, Asle Sudb{\o}, Peter Virnau, Mathias Kl\"aui
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12988

Skyrmion Lattice Domain Formation in a Non-Flat Energy Landscape
Magnetic skyrmions are chiral spin structures with non-trivial topology that comprise two-dimensional quasi-particles and are promising information carriers for data storage and processing devices. Skyrmion lattices in magnetic thin films exhibit Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Young (KTHNY) phase transitions and have garnered significant interest for studying emergent 2D phase behavior. In experimental skyrmion lattices, the main factor limiting the quasi-long-range order in thin films has…

Photonic chip-based optical frequency division with PZT-integrated soliton microcombs
Ruxuan Liu, Mark W. Harrington, Shuman Sun, Fatemehsadat Tabatabaei, Samin Hanifi, Meiting Song, Kaikai Liu, Jiawei Wang, Haoran Chen, Zijiao Yang, Beichen Wang, Fateme Majdi, Paul A. Morton, Karl D. Nelson, Steve M. Bowers, Andreas Beling, Daniel J. Blumenthal, Xu Yi
https://…

Photonic chip-based optical frequency division with PZT-integrated soliton microcombs
Optical frequency division (OFD) produces low-noise microwave and millimeter-wave signals by transferring the exceptional stability of optical references to electronic frequency domains. Recent developments in integrated optical references and soliton microcombs have paved the way for miniaturizing OFD oscillators to chip scale. Critical to this realization is a rapid tunable frequency comb that is stabilized to the optical references, thereby coherently linking optical and electronic frequenci…