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From Hyperons to Hypernuclei: A New Route to Unravel Proton Spin Polarization
Dai-Neng Liu, Yun-Peng Zhen, Wen-Hao Zhou, Jin-Hui Chen, Che Ming Ko, Yu-Gang Ma, Kai-Jia Sun, Song Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12193

From Hyperons to Hypernuclei: A New Route to Unravel Proton Spin Polarization
Ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions create the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) known as the hottest, least viscous, and most vortical fluid ever produced in terrestrial laboratories. Its vortical structure has been uncovered through the spin polarization of Lambda ($Λ$) hyperons, attributed to the spin-orbit coupling that transfers the system's orbital angular momentum to the quark spin, which is then inherited by hadrons via quark recombination or coalescence. However, $Λ$ polarization reflects p…