Tootfinder

Transforming Heart Chamber Imaging: Self-Supervised Learning for Whole Heart Reconstruction and Segmentation
Abdul Qayyum, Hao Xu, Brian P. Halliday, Cristobal Rodero, Christopher W. Lanyon, Richard D. Wilkinson, Steven Alexander Niederer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.06643

Transforming Heart Chamber Imaging: Self-Supervised Learning for Whole Heart Reconstruction and Segmentation
Automated segmentation of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) plays a pivotal role in efficiently assessing cardiac function, offering rapid clinical evaluations that benefit both healthcare practitioners and patients. While recent research has primarily focused on delineating structures in the short-axis orientation, less attention has been given to long-axis representations, mainly due to the complex nature of structures in this orientation. Performing pixel-wise segmentation of the left ventric…

Experiences Porting Distributed Applications to Asynchronous Tasks: A Multidimensional FFT Case-study
Alexander Strack, Christopher Taylor, Patrick Diehl, Dirk Pfl\"uger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.00015

Experiences Porting Distributed Applications to Asynchronous Tasks: A Multidimensional FFT Case-study
Parallel algorithms relying on synchronous parallelization libraries often experience adverse performance due to global synchronization barriers. Asynchronous many-task runtimes offer task futurization capabilities that minimize or remove the need for global synchronization barriers. This paper conducts a case study of the multidimensional Fast Fourier Transform to identify which applications will benefit from the asynchronous many-task model. Our basis is the popular FFTW library. We use the a…

Highest Fusion Performance without Harmful Edge Energy Bursts in Tokamak
SangKyeun Kim, Ricardo Shousha, SeongMoo Yang, Qiming Hu, SangHee Hahn, Azarakhsh Jalalvand, Jong-Kyu Park, Nikolas Christopher Logan, Andrew Oakleigh Nelson, Yong-Su Na, Raffi Nazikian, Robert Wilcox, Rongjie Hong, Terry Rhodes, Carlos Paz-Soldan, YoungMu Jeon, MinWoo Kim, WongHa Ko, JongHa Lee, Alexander Battey, Alessandro Bortolon, Joseph Snipes, Egemen Kolemen

Highest Fusion Performance without Harmful Edge Energy Bursts in Tokamak
The path of tokamak fusion and ITER is maintaining high-performance plasma to produce sufficient fusion power. This effort is hindered by the transient energy burst arising from the instabilities at the boundary of high-confinement plasmas. The application of 3D magnetic perturbations is the method in ITER and possibly in future fusion power plants to suppress this instability and avoid energy busts damaging the device. Unfortunately, the conventional use of the 3D field in tokamaks typically l…

Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies Science with the Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies (\textit{SALTUS}) Space Observatory
Rebecca C. Levy, Alexander Tielens, Justin Spilker, Daniel P. Marrone, Desika Narayanan, Christopher K. Walker
https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.16984

Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies Science with the Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies (\textit{SALTUS}) Space Observatory
This paper presents an overview of the Milky Way and nearby galaxies science case for the \textit{Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies} (SALTUS) far-infrared NASA probe-class mission concept. SALTUS offers enormous gains in spatial resolution and spectral sensitivity over previous far-IR missions, thanks to its cold ($<$40~K) 14-m primary mirror. Key Milky Way and nearby galaxies science goals for SALTUS focus on understanding the role of star formation in feedback in the Local …

Universality classes for percolation models with long-range correlations
Christopher Chalhoub, Alexander Drewitz, Alexis Pr\'evost, Pierre-Fran\c{c}ois Rodriguez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.18787

Universality classes for percolation models with long-range correlations
We consider a class of percolation models where the local occupation variables have long-range correlations decaying as a power law $\sim r^{-a}$ at large distances $r$, for some $0< a< d$ where $d$ is the underlying spatial dimension. For several of these models, we present both, rigorous analytical results and matching simulations that determine the critical exponents characterizing the fixed point associated to their phase transition, which is of second order. The exact values we obtain are …

Tunable linear-optical phase amplification
Christopher R. Schwarze, David S. Simon, Abdoulaye Ndao, Alexander V. Sergienko
https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.03868

Tunable linear-optical phase amplification
We combine lossless, phase-only transformations with fully-transmitting linear-optical scatterers to define the principle of linear-optical phase amplification. This enables a physical phase shift $ϕ$ to be nonlinearly mapped to a new space $γ(ϕ)$ using linear optics, resulting in a completely general and enhanced phase shifter that can replace any standard one. A particular phase amplifier is experimentally realized, allowing the phase enhancement parameter $dγ/dϕ$ to be continuously tune…

The Impact of Extended H$_{2}$O Cross-Sections on Temperate Anoxic Planet Atmospheres: Implications for Spectral Characterization of Habitable Worlds
Wynter Broussard, Edward W. Schwieterman, Sukrit Ranjan, Clara Sousa-Silva, Alexander Fateev, Christopher T. Reinhard
https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.03031

The Impact of Extended H$_{2}$O Cross-Sections on Temperate Anoxic Planet Atmospheres: Implications for Spectral Characterization of Habitable Worlds
JWST has created a new era of terrestrial exoplanet atmospheric characterization, and with it the possibility to detect potential biosignature gases like CH$_{4}$. Our interpretation of exoplanet atmospheric spectra, and the veracity of these interpretations, will be limited by our understanding of atmospheric processes and the accuracy of input modeling data. Molecular cross-sections are essential inputs to these models. The photochemistry of temperate planets depends on photolysis reactions w…

Optimisation of electron irradiation for creating spin ensembles in hexagonal boron nitride
Alexander J Healey, Priya Singh, Islay O Robertson, Christopher Gavin, Sam C Scholten, David A Broadway, Philipp Reineck, Hiroshi Abe, Takeshi Ohshima, Mehran Kianinia, Igor Aharonovich, Jean-Philippe Tetienne
https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.1…

Optimisation of electron irradiation for creating spin ensembles in hexagonal boron nitride
Boron vacancy centre ($V_{\rm B}^-$) ensembles in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have attracted recent interest for their potential as two-dimensional solid-state quantum sensors. Irradiation is necessary for $V_{\rm B}^-$ creation, however, to date only limited attention has been given to optimising the defect production process, especially in the case of bulk irradiation with high-energy particles, which offers scalability through the potential for creating ensembles in large volumes of materi…

Magnetic signals from oceanic tides: new satellite observations and applications
Alexander Grayver, Christopher C. Finlay, Nils Olsen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.03504

Magnetic signals from oceanic tides: new satellite observations and applications
Tidal flow of seawater across the Earth's magnetic field induces electric currents and magnetic fields within the ocean and solid Earth. The amplitude and phase of the induced fields depends on electrical properties of both the seawater and the solid Earth, thus can be used as a proxy to study seabed properties or potentially for monitoring long-term trends in the global ocean climatology. This paper presents new global oceanic tidal magnetic field models and their uncertainties for four tidal …

Multi-Objective Bayesian Active Learning for MeV-ultrafast electron diffraction
Fuhao Ji, Auralee Edelen, Ryan Roussel, Xiaozhe Shen, Sara Miskovich, Stephen Weathersby, Duan Luo, Mianzhen Mo, Patrick Kramer, Christopher Mayes, Mohamed A. K. Othman, Emilio Nanni, Xijie Wang, Alexander Reid, Michael Minitti, Robert Joel England
https://

Multi-Objective Bayesian Active Learning for MeV-ultrafast electron diffraction
Ultrafast electron diffraction using MeV energy beams(MeV-UED) has enabled unprecedented scientific opportunities in the study of ultrafast structural dynamics in a variety of gas, liquid and solid state systems. Broad scientific applications usually pose different requirements for electron probe properties. Due to the complex, nonlinear and correlated nature of accelerator systems, electron beam property optimization is a time-taking process and often relies on extensive hand-tuning by experie…

The Convergence of AI and Synthetic Biology: The Looming Deluge
Cindy Vindman, Benjamin Trump, Christopher Cummings, Madison Smith, Alexander J. Titus, Ken Oye, Valentina Prado, Eyup Turmus, Igor Linkov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.18973

The Convergence of AI and Synthetic Biology: The Looming Deluge
The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and synthetic biology is rapidly accelerating the pace of biological discovery and engineering. AI techniques, such as large language models and biological design tools, are enabling the automated design, build, test, and learning cycles for engineered biological systems. This convergence promises to democratize synthetic biology and unlock novel applications across domains from medicine to environmental sustainability. However, it also poses sign…

Correlations between X-rays, Visible Light and Drive-Beam Energy Loss Observed in Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiments at FACET-II
Chaojie Zhang, Doug Storey, Pablo San Miguel Claveria, Zan Nie, Ken A. Marsh, Warren B. Mori, Erik Adli, Weiming An, Robert Ariniello, Gevy J. Cao, Christine Clark, Sebastien Corde, Thamine Dalichaouch, Christopher E. Doss, Claudio Emma, Henrik Ekerfelt, Elias Gerstmayr, Spencer Gessner, Claire Hansel, Alexander Knetsch, Valentina Lee, Fei Li, Mike Lit…

Correlations between X-rays, Visible Light and Drive-Beam Energy Loss Observed in Plasma Wakefield Acceleration Experiments at FACET-II
This study documents several correlations observed during the first run of the plasma wakefield acceleration experiment E300 conducted at FACET-II, using a single drive electron bunch. The established correlations include those between the measured maximum energy loss of the drive electron beam and the integrated betatron x-ray signal, the calculated total beam energy deposited in the plasma and the integrated x-ray signal, among three visible light emission measuring cameras, and between the v…

High-Redshift Extragalactic Science with the Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies (SALTUS) Space Observatory
Justin Spilker, Rebecca C. Levy, Daniel Marrone, Stacey Alberts, Scott C. Chapman, Mark Dickinson, Eiichi Egami, Ryan Endsley, Desika Narayanan, George Rieke, Antony A. Stark, Alexander Tielens, Christopher K. Walker
https://…

High-Redshift Extragalactic Science with the Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies (SALTUS) Space Observatory
This paper presents an overview of the high-redshift extragalactic science case for the Single Aperture Large Telescope for Universe Studies (SALTUS) far-infrared NASA probe-class mission concept. Enabled by its 14m primary reflector, SALTUS offers enormous gains in spatial resolution and spectral sensitivity over previous far-IR missions. SALTUS would be a versatile observatory capable of responding to the scientific needs of the extragalactic community in the 2030s, and a natural follow-on to…

On the impact of the vertical structure of Martian water ice clouds on nadir atmospheric retrievals from simultaneous EMM/EXI and TGO/ACS-MIR observations
Aur\'elien Stcherbinine, Michael J. Wolff, Christopher S. Edwards, Oleg Korablev, Anna Fedorova, Alexander Trokhimovskiy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.14993

On the impact of the vertical structure of Martian water ice clouds on nadir atmospheric retrievals from simultaneous EMM/EXI and TGO/ACS-MIR observations
Retrieving the optical depth of the Martian clouds ($τ_\mathrm{cld}$) is a powerful way to monitor their spatial and temporal evolution. However, such retrievals from nadir imagery rely on several assumptions, including the vertical structure of the clouds in the atmosphere. Here we compare the results of cloud optical depth retrievals from the Emirates eXploration Imager (EXI) onboard the Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) "Hope" orbiter performed using an empirical cloud profile (typically used in …

The Convergence of AI and Synthetic Biology: The Looming Deluge
Cindy Vindman, Benjamin Trump, Christopher Cummings, Madison Smith, Alexander J. Titus, Ken Oye, Valentina Prado, Eyup Turmus, Igor Linkov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.18973

The Convergence of AI and Synthetic Biology: The Looming Deluge
The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and synthetic biology is rapidly accelerating the pace of biological discovery and engineering. AI techniques, such as large language models and biological design tools, are enabling the automated design, build, test, and learning cycles for engineered biological systems. This convergence promises to democratize synthetic biology and unlock novel applications across domains from medicine to environmental sustainability. However, it also poses sign…