Tootfinder

Beam Cross Sections Create Mixtures: Improving Feature Localization in Secondary Electron Imaging
Vaibhav Choudhary, Akshay Agarwal, Vivek K Goyal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09942

Beam Cross Sections Create Mixtures: Improving Feature Localization in Secondary Electron Imaging
Secondary electron (SE) imaging techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy and helium ion microscopy (HIM), use electrons emitted by a sample in response to a focused beam of charged particles incident at a grid of raster scan positions. Spot size -- the diameter of the incident beam's spatial profile -- is one of the limiting factors for resolution, along with various sources of noise in the SE signal. The effect of the beam spatial profile is commonly understood as convolutional. We sho…

Spin-Orbit Structure and Helicity Anomaly in Relativistic Electron Vortex Beams
Zhongze Guo, Bei Xu, Qiang Gu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08493 https://

Spin-Orbit Structure and Helicity Anomaly in Relativistic Electron Vortex Beams
The relativistic electron vortex beam (REVB) has attracted increasing attention due to its nontrivial spin-orbit structure recently. As relativistic electrons are governed by the Dirac equation, exact solutions to this equation provide the most reliable starting point for understanding angular momentum characteristics of REVBs. In this work, a set of exact eigensolutions of the Dirac equation are derived in a complex cylindrical coordinate system using a generalized series expansion method. We …

Towards controlling electron charge with nanoparticle assisted laser wakefield accelerators
Al\v{z}b\v{e}ta \v{S}p\'adov\'a, Petr Valenta, Sebastian Lorenz, Michal Nevrkla, Jaroslav Nejdl, Gabriele M. Grittani, Sergei V. Bulanov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10685

Towards controlling electron charge with nanoparticle assisted laser wakefield accelerators
This study explores nanoparticle-assisted electron injection as a method for controlling beam charge in laser wakefield acceleration through particle-in-cell simulations. We systematically investigate how the material (Li through Au) and size (50-200 nm) of nanoparticles influence electron injection dynamics and beam charge. Our results demonstrate that beam charge (10-600 pC) can be effectively controlled by adjusting these parameters. We identify a saturation threshold in the nanoparticle ele…

Probing electron spin dynamics in single telecom InAs(P)/InP quantum dots using the Hanle effect
Maja Wasiluk, Helena Janowska, Anna Musia{\l}, Johann P. Reithmaier, Mohamed Benyoucef, Wojciech Rudno-Rudzi\'nski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08785

Probing electron spin dynamics in single telecom InAs(P)/InP quantum dots using the Hanle effect
Spins of carriers confined in quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for qubits due to their relatively long spin relaxation times. However, the electron spin dephasing, primarily driven by hyperfine interactions with nuclear spins, can limit their coherence. Here, we report the first Hanle effect demonstration in single InAs(P)/InP QDs emitting in the telecom C-band leading to experimental determination of electron spin dephasing time. Using polarization-resolved photoluminescence spectro…

Precision spectral measurements of Chromium and Titanium from 10 to 250 GeV$/n$ and sub-Iron to Iron ratio with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the ISS
O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, K. Asano, Y. Asaoka, E. Berti, P. Betti, G. Bigongiari, W. R. Binns, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, A. Bruno, N. Cannady, G. Castellini, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, G. A. de Nolfo, K. Ebisawa, A. W. Ficklin, H. Fuke, S. Gonzi, T. G. Guzik, T. Hams, K. Hibino, M. Ichimura, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, J. Kat…

Precision spectral measurements of Chromium and Titanium from 10 to 250 GeV$/n$ and sub-Iron to Iron ratio with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the ISS
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), in operation on the International Space Station since 2015, collected a large sample of cosmic-ray (CR) iron and sub-iron events over a wide energy interval. In this paper we report an update of our previous measurement of the iron flux and we present - for the first time - a high statistics measurement of the spectra of two sub-iron elements Cr and Ti in the energy interval from 10 to 250 GeV/n. The analyses are based on 8 years of data. Differently…

Enantioselective radical reactions can be induced by electron spin polarization: A quantum mechanism for Nature's emergent homochirality?
Thomas P Fay
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08287

Enantioselective radical reactions can be induced by electron spin polarization: A quantum mechanism for Nature's emergent homochirality?
Biomolecules that constitute life on Earth are chiral, but the precise mechanism by which homochirality emerged remains a mystery. In this work it is demonstrated that reactions of radical pairs, where one of the radical electron spins is polarised, can be enantioselective. This phenomenon arises from transient coherent quantum dynamics of the radical pair electron spins, which is known to occur even in warm and noisy condensed phase environments, where energetic perturbations much smaller than…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 585 nodes and 1755 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

The AURORA Survey: High-Redshift Empirical Metallicity Calibrations from Electron Temperature Measurements at z=2-10
Ryan L. Sanders, Alice E. Shapley, Michael W. Topping, Naveen A. Reddy, Danielle A. Berg, Ali Ahmad Khostovan, Rychard J. Bouwens, Gabriel Brammer, Adam C. Carnall, Fergus Cullen, Romeel Dav\'e, James S. Dunlop, Richard S. Ellis, N. M. F\"orster Schreiber, Steven R. Furlanetto, Karl Glazebrook, Garth D. Illingworth, Tucker Jones, Mariska Kriek, Derek J. McLeod, …

The AURORA Survey: High-Redshift Empirical Metallicity Calibrations from Electron Temperature Measurements at z=2-10
We present detections of auroral emission lines of [OIII], [OII], [SIII], and [SII] in deep JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy for 41 star-forming galaxies at $z=1.4-7.2$ from the AURORA survey. We combine these new observations with 98 star-forming galaxies at $z=1.3-10.6$ with detected auroral lines drawn from the literature to form a sample of 139 high-redshift galaxies with robust electron temperature and direct-method oxygen abundance determinations. This sample notably covers a wider dynamic range…

2D bilayer electron-hole superfluidity with unequal and anisotropic masses
Jihang Zhu, Sankar Das Sarma
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09982 https://arxiv.org/…

2D bilayer electron-hole superfluidity with unequal and anisotropic masses
We investigate the stability of electron-hole superfluidity in two-dimensional bilayers with unequal and anisotropic effective masses. Using a zero-temperature, self-consistent Hartree-Fock approach, we study two experimentally relevant deviations from the ideal equal-mass isotropic case: (i) isotropic but unequal conduction and valence band masses ($m_c^* \neq m_v^*$), and (ii) equal average masses with orthogonal in-plane anisotropies $(m_{c,x}^*, m^*_{c,y}) = (m_1^*, m_2^*)$ and $(m^*_{v,x},…

Control of nanomechanical resonances by an electron beam
Toji Thomas, Kevin F. MacDonald, Eric Plum
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10302 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Control of nanomechanical resonances by an electron beam
The sensitivity of mechanical resonators to physical quantities such as acceleration, pressure, mass and temperature enables them to underpin sensing and metrology applications. Here, we observe that the resonance frequency of a nanomechanical resonator depends strongly on charging. We show that repulsion between an electron beam and charge accumulated on a nanomechanical cantilever yields a stiffening that increases its resonance frequency, providing a mechanism for controlling resonators and …

Femtosecond-Scale MeV-UED Beamline Using a Stand-Alone Multi-Cell RF Photogun
Thomas Geoffrey Lucas, Paolo Craievich, David Alesini, Carl Beard, Hans-H. Braun, Alexander Dietrich, Zheqiao Geng, Rasmus Ischebeck, Eduard Prat, Mike Seidel, Cezary Sydlo, Alexandre Trisorio, Carlo Vicario, Riccardo Zennaro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09357

Femtosecond-Scale MeV-UED Beamline Using a Stand-Alone Multi-Cell RF Photogun
The temporal resolution of MeV ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is fundamentally constrained by the electron bunch length at the sample, motivating the development of new electron sources capable of producing femtosecond scale bunches. In this work, we propose a multicell RF photogun that has a tailored phase velocity profile to generate 5 to 15 fs rms MeV electron bunches directly from the electron gun, eliminating the need for downstream compression. This approach achieves comparable perf…

Plasma instability in the front of ejected energetic electrons and Type III solar radiobursts
Vladimir Krasnoselskikh, Immanuel Christopher Jebaraj, Tom Robert Franck Cooper, Andrii Voschepynets, Thierry Dudok de Wit, Marc Pulupa, Forrest Mozer, Oleksiy Agapitov, Michael Balikhin, Stuart D. Bale
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08437

Plasma instability in the front of ejected energetic electrons and Type III solar radiobursts
Type III radio bursts are a signature of the flux of near-relativistic electrons ejected during solar flares. These bursts are frequently observed by spacecraft such as the Parker Solar Probe. It is traditionally believed that these electron beams generate Langmuir waves through the two-stream instability, which are then converted into electromagnetic waves. In this study, we revise that model by examining how the electron distribution becomes truncated due to the "time-of-flight" effect as the…

Direct Measurement of Electron Heating in Electron-Only Reconnection in a Laboratory Mini-Magnetosphere
Lucas Rovige, Filipe D. Cruz, Timothy Van Hoomisen, Robert S. Dorst, Carmen G. Constantin, Stephen Vincena, Luis O. Silva, Christoph Niemann, Derek B. Schaeffer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09086

Direct Measurement of Electron Heating in Electron-Only Reconnection in a Laboratory Mini-Magnetosphere
We report on the experimental observation of electron heating in electron-only magnetic reconnection in laser-driven laboratory mini-magnetospheres on the Large Plasma Device (LAPD) at the University of California, Los Angeles. In this experiment, a fast-flowing plasma impacts a pulsed magnetic dipole embedded within LAPD's magnetized ambient plasma, creating an ion-scale magnetosphere and driving electron-only magnetic reconnection between the background and dipole field lines. The electron ve…

Constraints on the varying electron mass and early dark energy in light of ACT DR6 and DESI DR2 and the implications for inflation
Yo Toda, Osamu Seto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09025

Constraints on the varying electron mass and early dark energy in light of ACT DR6 and DESI DR2 and the implications for inflation
Primarily motivated by the Hubble tension, we analyze the varying electron mass model and axionlike early dark energy model (EDE) using baryon acoustic oscillation data from DESI DR2 data and including the recent results from ACT DR6. Our analysis indicates that $m_{e} / m_{e0} = 1.0081 \pm 0.0046 $ and the energy fraction of EDE is constrained as $f_\mathrm{EDE} < 0.016$. Since those cosmological models fit with different spectral index $n_s$, we show the posterior of those models on the ($n_s…

Visualizing intense laser field driven electron dynamics in a multielectron molecule: dynamic electron localization, bonding properties and multiple ionization bursts
L. Bauerle, A. Jaron
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10475

Benchmark of the Fe XXV R ratio in photoionized plasma during eclipse of Centaurus X-3 with XRISM/Resolve
Yuto Mochizuki, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Maurice A. Leutenegger, Liyi Gu, Ralf Ballhausen, Ehud Behar, Paul A. Draghis, Natalie Hell, Pragati Pradhan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10441

Benchmark of the Fe XXV R ratio in photoionized plasma during eclipse of Centaurus X-3 with XRISM/Resolve
The R ratio is a useful diagnostic of the X-ray emitting astrophysical plasmas defined as the intensity ratio of the forbidden over the inter-combination lines in the K$α$ line complex of He-like ions. The value is altered by excitation processes (electron impact or UV photoexcitation) from the metastable upper level of the forbidden line, thereby constraining the electron density or UV field intensity. The diagnostic has been applied mostly in electron density constraints in collisionally ion…

fly_larva: Drosophila larva brain (2023)
A complete synaptic map of the brain connectome of the larva of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Nodes are neurons, and edges are synaptic connections, traced individually from brain image sections using three-dimensional electron microscopy–based reconstruction. Node metadata include the neuron hempisphere, hemispherical homologue, cell type, annotations, and inferred cluster. Edge metadata include the type of interaction (`'aa'`,…

Before the Large Hadron Collider,
the same 27 km tunnel housed
LEP: the Large electron-positron collider.
In the early 2000s, the infrastructure for the Large Electron Positron collider was removed and replaced with new infrastructure for the Large Hadron Collider: the currently-running LHC.
After the LHC is retired, going back to colliding electrons and positrons in the same tunnel is an option that should be explored for building a Higgs factory:
not for its …

The fastest, cheapest particle physics path to a Higgs factory
A next-generation collider is required for studying particle physics at the frontiers. Here's the fastest, cheapest way to get it done.

Orbital dependent Coulomb drag in electron-hole bilayer graphene heterostructures
Zuocheng Zhang, Ruishi Qi, Jingxu Xie, Qize Li, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Michael F. Crommie, Feng Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09313

Orbital dependent Coulomb drag in electron-hole bilayer graphene heterostructures
We report Coulomb drag studies in an electron-hole bilayer graphene heterostructure in a magnetic field, where the orbital, spin, and valley degrees of freedom are lifted by the combined effects of exchange interaction, Zeeman energy, and vertical displacement field. Our device enables the application of a large vertical displacement field in both layers. In addition to the well-established strong Coulomb drag between Landau levels with an orbital quantum number N = 0, we observe a Coulomb drag…

Doping Evolution of Nodal Electron Dynamics in Trilayer Cuprate Superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{10 \delta}$ Revealed by Laser-Based Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
Hao Chen, Jumin Shi, Xiangyu Luo, Yinghao Li, Yiwen Chen, Chaohui Yin, Yingjie Shu, Jiuxiang Zhang, Taimin Miao, Bo Liang, Wenpei Zhu, Neng Cai, Xiaolin Ren, Chengtian Lin, Shenjin Zhang, Zhimin Wang, Fengfeng Zhang, Feng Yang, Qinjun Peng, Zuyan Xu, Guodong Liu, Hanqing Mao, Xintong Li, Lin Zhao, X. J. …

Doping Evolution of Nodal Electron Dynamics in Trilayer Cuprate Superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{10+δ}$ Revealed by Laser-Based Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
The doping evolution of the nodal electron dynamics in the trilayer cuprate superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$Ca$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{10+δ}$ (Bi2223) is investigated using high-resolution laser-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Bi2223 single crystals with different doping levels are prepared by controlled annealing which cover the underdoped, optimally-doped and overdoped regions. The electronic phase diagram of Bi2223 is established which describes the T$_\mathrm{c}$ dependence on the…

Production of $J/\psi p \bar p$ in electron-positron collisions
Xiao-Yu Zhang, Yi-Lin Song, Feng-Kun Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08694 https://arxiv.org…

Production of $J/ψp \bar p$ in electron-positron collisions
The discoveries of the hidden-charm $P_c$ pentaquarks by the LHCb Collaboration have been not confirmed by other experiments yet. It is desirable to investigate the feasibility of observing them in other experiments. We present an order-of-magnitude estimate of the cross section of the $e^+e^-\to J/ψp \bar p$ process, where the hidden-charm pentaquarks may be searched for, and find it to be of $\mathcal{O}(4~\text{fb})$ when the $e^+e^-$ c.m. energy is around 6 GeV. The cross section for $e^+e…

3D atomic structure determination with ultrashort-pulse MeV electron diffraction
Vincent Hennicke (Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany), Max Hachmann (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany), Paul Benjamin Klar (Faculty of Geosciences and MAPEX Center for Materials and Processes, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany), Patrick Y. A. Reinke (Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen…

3D atomic structure determination with ultrashort-pulse MeV electron diffraction
Understanding structure at the atomic scale is fundamental for the development of materials with improved properties. Compared to other probes providing atomic resolution, electrons offer the strongest interaction in combination with minimal radiation damage. Here, we report the successful implementation of MeV electron diffraction for ab initio 3D structure determination at atomic resolution. Using ultrashort electron pulses from the REGAE accelerator, we obtained high-quality diffraction data…

The controversy involving Tokyo Electron over alleged TSMC IP theft comes at a low point for the company, after order cancellations and a lull in Chinese demand (Bloomberg)
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2025-08-07/t…

Studies of the tracking and identification efficiencies of electrons and positrons at BESIII
Xinyu Chai, Mengzhen Wang, Xiaobin Ji, Shengsen Sun, Dayong Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09963

Studies of the tracking and identification efficiencies of electrons and positrons at BESIII
The efficiencies for electron and positron tracking and identification in the BESIII experiment are investigated with the radiative Bhabha process $e^+e^-\rightarrow e^+e^-γ$ from the data samples collected at the center-of-mass energies of 3.08 GeV and 3.097 GeV. The relative differences between data and MC associated with tracking and identification efficiencies of electrons and positrons, as well as the corresponding correction factors are determined. It turns out the relative differences o…

Double-Corrugated Degenerate Band-Edge Oscillator Driven by an Electron Beam
Miguel Saavedra-Melo, Robert Marosi, Nelson Castro, Eva Rajo-Iglesias, Filippo Capolino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10863

Double-Corrugated Degenerate Band-Edge Oscillator Driven by an Electron Beam
The properties of a degenerate band-edge (DBE) oscillator based on the synchronous interaction between a linear electron beam synchronized with four degenerate electromagnetic modes are presented. The DBE in the cold slow-wave structure is implemented in a rectangular waveguide with a staggered double corrugation in it. At the DBE, four modes coalesce into a single degenerate mode, forming a very flat dispersion diagram with vanishing or very small group velocity. The DBE oscillator frequency i…

A 28nm Multiply-Accumulate ASIC Architecture for On-Chip Data Compression in MHz Frame Rate X-ray and Electron Pixel Detectors
Rami Rasheedi, Nicholas Contini, Mohamed Adel Gharib, Sebastian Strempfer, Senthil Gnanasekaran, Salma Abdelzaher, Tejas Guruswamy, Kazutomo Yoshii, Mike Hammer, Henry Shi, Yu-Sheng Chen, Lorenzo Rota, Dionisio Doering, Angelo Dragone, Tao Zhou, Antonino Miceli

A 28nm Multiply-Accumulate ASIC Architecture for On-Chip Data Compression in MHz Frame Rate X-ray and Electron Pixel Detectors
Modern X-ray detector systems urgently require compact, efficient, and fast data compression schemes to handle the transmission of big data from pixel arrays, enabling frame rates in the MHz regime. In this work, a data compression ASIC that implements a streaming fixed-length lossy compression scheme is introduced and analyzed, proving the feasibility and benefits of on-chip compression. The compression scheme utilizes a vector matrix product logic, which performs a number of floating-point mu…

Machine Learning Power Week 2023: Clustering in Hadronic Calorimeters
Muaz Al Halabi (ed), Marcel Bajdel (ed), Jeroen Peter Bormans (ed), Hannah Bossi (ed), Maria Calmon Behling (ed), Florian Ehmann (ed), Niklas Gotz (ed), Jerome Jung (ed), Rafet Kavak (ed), Mario Kr\"uger (ed), Robin Lakos (ed), Annemarie Lauterbach (ed), Patrick Mccormack (ed), Akhil Mithran (ed), Daniel Murnane (ed), Mathis Nolte (ed), Tim Rogoschinski (ed), Jan Scharf (ed), Oddharak Tyagi (ed), Liv V{\aa}ge (e…

Machine Learning Power Week 2023: Clustering in Hadronic Calorimeters
In both high-energy physics and industry applications, a crowd-sourced approach to difficult problems is becoming increasingly common. These innovative approaches are ideal for the development of future facilities where the simulations can be publicly distributed, such as the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). In this paper, we discuss a so-called ``Power Week" where graduate students were able to learn about machine learning while also contributing to an unsolved problem at a future facility. Here, …

Investigating the Reliability of the AfriTEC Model During the Descending Phase of Solar Cycle 24 Across East Africa
Efrem Amanuel Data, Daniel Izuikedinachi Okoh, Emmanuel Daudi Sulungu, Dejene Ambisa Terefe
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10275

Investigating the Reliability of the AfriTEC Model During the Descending Phase of Solar Cycle 24 Across East Africa
This study investigates the reliability of the African Regional Ionospheric Total Electron Content (AfriTEC) model during the descending phase of Solar Cycle 24 (2016-2017) across East Africa. Using GNSS-derived TEC data from five equatorial and low-latitude stations MOIU, MAL2, ZAMB, ADIS, and MBAR the model's performance is assessed through statistical metrics, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and correlation coefficient r. Results indicate that the AfriTEC model effectively captures the d…

Electron-positron scattering at finite temperature in Podolsky electrodynamics
D. S. Cabral, L. A. S. Evangelista, L. H. A. R. Ferreira, A. F. Santos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06568

Electron-positron scattering at finite temperature in Podolsky electrodynamics
The electron-positron annihilation process is investigated within the framework of Podolsky's generalized electrodynamics at finite temperature. In this theory, a higher-derivative term modifies the photonic kinetic sector, introducing a massive mode while preserving gauge invariance. Thermal effects are incorporated using the real-time Thermo Field Dynamics formalism. The total cross section is calculated, and the individual contributions of the Podolsky parameter and thermal effects are analy…

Experimental validation of electron correlation models in warm dense matter
Dmitrii S. Bespalov, Ulf Zastrau, Zhandos A. Moldabekov, Thomas Gawne, Tobias Dornheim, Moyassar Meshhal, Alexis Amouretti, Michal Andrzejewski, Karen Appel, Carsten Baehtz, Erik Brambrink, Khachiwan Buakor, Carolina Camarda, David Chin, Gilbert Collins, Celine Crepisson, Adrien Descamps, Jon Eggert, Luke Fletcher, Alessandro Forte, Gianluca Gregori, Marion Harmand, Oliver S. Humphries, Hauke Hoeppner, Jonas Ku…

Experimental validation of electron correlation models in warm dense matter
We report X-ray Thomson scattering measurements of warm dense aluminium at densities 3.75-4.5 g/cm$^3$ and a temperature of approximately 0.6 eV, performed at the HED-HiBEF instrument of the European XFEL using the DiPOLE-100X drive laser. By probing plasmon dispersion across momentum transfers $k$ = 0.99-2.57 Angstrom$^{-1}$ with high statistical fidelity, we directly test competing theories of electron dynamics under extreme conditions. Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) reprodu…

Hybrid Physics-Machine Learning Models for Quantitative Electron Diffraction Refinements
Shreshth A. Malik, Tiarnan A. S. Doherty, Benjamin Colmey, Stephen J. Roberts, Yarin Gal, Paul A. Midgley
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05908

Hybrid Physics-Machine Learning Models for Quantitative Electron Diffraction Refinements
High-fidelity electron microscopy simulations required for quantitative crystal structure refinements face a fundamental challenge: while physical interactions are well-described theoretically, real-world experimental effects are challenging to model analytically. To address this gap, we present a novel hybrid physics-machine learning framework that integrates differentiable physical simulations with neural networks. By leveraging automatic differentiation throughout the simulation pipeline, ou…

Phonon mode splitting and phonon anomaly in multiband electron systems
Klaus Ziegler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08127 https://arxiv.o…

Phonon mode splitting and phonon anomaly in multiband electron systems
We investigate the topological consequences of coupling chiral fermions to local, dispersionless phonons. This interaction induces a splitting of the phonon spectrum into three bands: a flat band and two bands with linear dispersion, all of which are degenerate at a nodal point located at zero wavevector. The flat band exhibits vanishing Berry curvature, while the linearly dispersing bands carry nontrivial topological features. Their Berry curvature fields assume a hedgehog-like structure in mo…

Tensor network algorithm to solve polaron impurity problems
Ruofan Chen, Lei Gu, Chu Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05580 https://arx…

Tensor network algorithm to solve polaron impurity problems
The polaron problem is a very old problem in condensed matter physics that dates back to the thirties, but still remain largely unsolved today, especially when electron-electron interaction is taken into consideration. The presence of both electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in the problem invalidates most existing numerical methods, either computationally too expensive or simply intractable. The continuous time quantum Monte Carlo (CTQMC) methods could tackle this problem, but a…

GaN/InN HEMT based UV photodetector on SiC with hexagonal boron nitride passivation
Mustafa Kilin, Firat Yasar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06782 https://arx…

GaN/InN HEMT based UV photodetector on SiC with hexagonal boron nitride passivation
This work presents a novel Gallium nitride (GaN) high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) based ultraviolet photodetector architecture integrating advanced material and structural design strategies to enhance detection performance and stability under room-temperature operation. The device is constructed on a high-thermal-conductivity silicon carbide (SiC) substrate and incorporates an n-GaN buffer, an indium nitride (InN) channel layer for improved electron mobility and two-dimensional electron…

Vieb - Vim bindings for the web by design
Vieb is the Vim Inspired Electron Browser
✏️ #vim #web

Spirals, vortices, and helicity entanglements in dynamical Sauter-Schwinger pair creation
M. M. Majczak, K. Krajewska, A. Bechler, J. Z. Kami\'nski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08720

Spirals, vortices, and helicity entanglements in dynamical Sauter-Schwinger pair creation
We study helicity correlations of electron-positron pairs created by a homogeneous time-dependent electric field in the Sauter-Schwinger scenario. Our analysis is based on solving the Dirac equation with the Feynman or anti-Feynman boundary conditions, which is equivalent to the scattering matrix approach widely used in high energy physics. Most importantly, both these methods allow to fully account for the helicity (or, more generally, spin) correlations of created particles. The influence of …

Static treatment of dynamic interactions in correlated electron systems
Anton Pauli, Akshat Mishra, Malte R\"osner, Erik G. C. P. van Loon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05974

Static treatment of dynamic interactions in correlated electron systems
Correlated electron physics is intrinsically a multiscale problem, since high-energy electronic states screen the interactions between the correlated electrons close to the Fermi level, thereby reducing the magnitude of the interaction strength and dramatically shortening its range. Thus, the handling of screening is an essential ingredient in the first-principles modelling of correlated electron systems. Screening is an intrinsically dynamic process and the corresponding downfolding methods su…

Neural Field-Based 3D Surface Reconstruction of Microstructures from Multi-Detector Signals in Scanning Electron Microscopy
Shuo Chen, Yijin Li, Xi Zheng, Guofeng Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04728

Neural Field-Based 3D Surface Reconstruction of Microstructures from Multi-Detector Signals in Scanning Electron Microscopy
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a widely used imaging device in scientific research and industrial applications. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) SEM images do not directly reveal the three-dimensional (3D) topography of micro samples, motivating the development of SEM 3D surface reconstruction methods. However, reconstruction of complex microstructures remains challenging for existing methods due to the limitations of discrete 3D representations, the need for calibration with refere…

Evaluation of bound-state $\beta^-$-decay half-lives of fully ionized atoms
Priyanka Choudhary, Chong Qi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08199 https://

Evaluation of bound-state $β^-$-decay half-lives of fully ionized atoms
Bound-state $β^-$-decay is a rare radioactive process where the created electron is trapped in an atomic orbital instead of being emitted. It can be observed in highly ionized atoms in particular when normal beta decay is energetically forbidden, but bound-state decay is still possible. In this work we present a systematic theoretical study on the bound-state $β^-$-decay of fully ionized atoms where key nuclear inputs include the nuclear matrix elements (expressed through $ft$ values) and the…

The spontaneous Nernst coefficient of ferromagnets from the interplay of electron scattering and Berry curvature
Vittorio Basso, Adriano Di Pietro, Alessandro Sola
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08756

The spontaneous Nernst coefficient of ferromagnets from the interplay of electron scattering and Berry curvature
We employ the Boltzmann transport approach to derive the spontaneous Nernst coefficient for ferromagnetic metals, explicitly treating the transverse current density due to Berry curvature as a Fermi surface property. We find that the spontaneous Nernst coefficient is proportional to the inverse of the scattering time constant, implying that efficient spontaneous Nernst materials should exhibit relatively strong scattering, a stark contrast to ordinary Nernst materials. Furthermore, we establish…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 575 nodes and 5306 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Towards better structural models from cryo-electron microscopy data with physics-based methods
Hande Boyaci Selcuk, Gabriella Reggiano, Jacob Robson-Tull, Lichirui Zhang, Jo\~ao P. G. L. M. Rodrigues
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05517

Towards better structural models from cryo-electron microscopy data with physics-based methods
Cryo-electron microscopy can now routinely deliver atomic resolution structures for a variety of biological systems. The relevance and value of these structures is directly related to their ability to help rationalize experimental observables, which in turn depends on the quality of model built into the density map. Coupling traditional model building tools with physics-based methods, such as docking, simulation, and modern force fields, has been shown to improve the quality of the resulting st…

Search for a Dark Gauge Boson Within Einstein-Cartan Theory at the ILC Using Multivariate Analysis
Hossam Taha, El-sayed A. El-dahshan, S. Elgammal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08678

Search for a Dark Gauge Boson Within Einstein-Cartan Theory at the ILC Using Multivariate Analysis
Multivariate analysis (MVA) is employed to probe the dark matter candidate A$^{\prime}$, a gauge boson of a model rooted within Einstein-Cartan Theory, at the International Linear Collider (ILC). \texttt{WHIZARD} package is used as the event generator to simulate electron-positron interactions at the ILC, at a 500 GeV center-of-mass energy ($\sqrt s$) and a 500 fb$^{-1}$ detector's integrated luminosity ($\mathcal{L}$), to produce the A$^{\prime}$ signal and the expected standard model backgrou…

Tokyo Electron says it fired an employee in Taipei and is cooperating with Taiwan's investigation after Taiwan arrested six people over alleged TSMC IP theft (Takashi Mochizuki/Bloomberg)
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/20

Quantum register based on double quantum dots in semiconductor nanowires
Vladimir Vyurkov, Leonid Fedichkin, Igor Semenikhin, Denis Drozhzhin, Konstantin Rudenko, Vladimir Lukichev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08485

Quantum register based on double quantum dots in semiconductor nanowires
An implementation of a universal solid-state quantum register based on electron space states in field-defined double quantum dots (DQD possesses one electron in two adjacent tunnel bound dots) in an ultrathin semiconductor nanowire is discussed. To some extent, the structure resembles that of a field-effect transistor with multiple controlling electrodes (gates). Scalability is audible and it opens up a possibility of large-scale quantum computer fabricated by advanced silicon technology. Moreo…

Measurements and TCAD simulations of innovative RSD and DC-RSD LGAD devices for future 4D tracking
F. Moscatelli, A. Fondacci, R. Arcidiacono, M. Boscardin, N. Cartiglia, M. Centis Vignali, T. Croci, M. Ferrero, O. Hammad Ali, L. Lanteri, A. Losana, L. Menzio, V. Monaco, R. Mulargia, D. Passeri G. Paternoster, F. Siviero, V. Sola, A. Morozzi
https://

Measurements and TCAD simulations of innovative RSD and DC-RSD LGAD devices for future 4D tracking
This paper summarizes the beam test results obtained with a Resistive Silicon Detector (RSD) (also called AC-Low Gain Avalanche Diode, AC-LGAD) pixel array tested at the DESY beam test facility with a 5 GeV/c electron beam. Furthermore, it describes in detail the simulation results of DC-RSD, an evolution of the RSD design. The simulations campaign described in this paper has been instrumental in the definition of the structures implemented in the Fondazione Bruno Kessler FBK first DC-RSD produ…

AEGISS -- Atomic orbital and Entropy-based Guided Inference for Space Selection -- A novel semi-automated active space selection workflow for quantum chemistry and quantum computing applications
Fabio Tarocco, Pi A. B. Haase, Fabijan Pavo\v{s}evi\'c, Vijay Krishna, Leonardo Guidoni, Stefan Knecht, Martina Stella
https://arxiv.org/abs/2…

AEGISS -- Atomic orbital and Entropy-based Guided Inference for Space Selection -- A novel semi-automated active space selection workflow for quantum chemistry and quantum computing applications
The selection of a balanced active space is a critical step in multi-reference quantum chemistry calculations, particularly for systems with strong electron correlation. Likewise, active space selection is a key to unlock the potential of contemporary quantum computing in quantum chemistry. Albeit recent progress, there remains a lack of a unified, robust, and fully automated framework for active space selection that performs reliably across a wide range of molecular systems. In this work, we…

Control of nonlinear Compton scattering in a squeezed vacuum
A. Di Piazza, K. Qu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09301 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.09301

Control of nonlinear Compton scattering in a squeezed vacuum
Electromagnetic radiation by accelerated charges is a fundamental process in physics. Here, we introduce a quantum-optical framework for controlling the emission of radiation of an electron in an intense laser field via squeezed vacuum states. By engineering the quantum fluctuations of the emission modes, we demonstrate that the probability of nonlinear Compton scattering can be significantly enhanced or suppressed through tunable squeezing amplitude and angle. Our predictions are experimentall…

Integrating Quantum Computing with Multiconfiguration Pair-Density Functional Theory for Biological Electron Transfer
Yibo Chen, Zirui Sheng, Weitang Li, Yong Zhang, Xun Xu, Jun-Han Huang, Yuxiang Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07359

Integrating Quantum Computing with Multiconfiguration Pair-Density Functional Theory for Biological Electron Transfer
Accurate calculation of strongly correlated electronic systems requires proper treatment of both static and dynamic correlations, which remains challenging for conventional methods. To address this, we present VQE-PDFT, a quantum-classical hybrid framework that integrates variational quantum eigensolver with multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (MC-PDFT). This framework strategically employs quantum circuits for multiconfigurational wavefunction representation while utilizing densi…

Fast nanothermometry based on direct electron detection of electron backscattering diffraction patterns
Ryan Gnabasik, Razan O. Nughays, Ashlynn Overholser, Vijay Kumar, Shantal Adajian, Nicol\`o Maria della Ventura, Daniel S. Gianola, Bolin Liao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05467

Fast nanothermometry based on direct electron detection of electron backscattering diffraction patterns
Accurate temperature measurement at the nanoscale is crucial for thermal management in next-generation microelectronic devices. Existing optical and scanning-probe thermometry techniques face limitations in spatial resolution, accuracy, or invasiveness. In this work, we demonstrate a fast and non-contact nanothermometry method based on temperature-induced changes in electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) patterns captured by a high-performance direct electron detector within a scanning elec…

Replaced article(s) found for physics.space-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.space-ph/new
[1/1]:
- Whistler Chorus Amplification in the Magnetosphere: The Nonlinear Free-Electron Laser Model and t...
Brandon Bonham, Amitava Bhattacharjee

Simulation and Performance Studies for the Tau Air-Shower Mountain-Based Observatory
Carlos A. Arg\"uelles (for the TAMBO collaboration), Jeffrey Lazar (for the TAMBO collaboration), William Thompson (for the TAMBO collaboration), Pavel Zhelnin (for the TAMBO collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08524

Simulation and Performance Studies for the Tau Air-Shower Mountain-Based Observatory
While IceCube's detection of astrophysical neutrinos at energies up to a few PeV has opened a new window to our Universe, much remains to be discovered regarding these neutrinos' origin and nature. In particular, the difficulty of differentiating electron- and tau-neutrino charged-current (CC) events limits our ability to measure precisely the flavor ratio of this flux. The Tau Air-Shower Mountain-Based Observatory (TAMBO) is a next-generation neutrino observatory capable of producing a high-pu…

The alloying of first-principles calculations with quasiparticle methodologies for the converged solution of the quantum many-electron states in the correlated compound Iron monoxide
Suvadip Das
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08941

The alloying of first-principles calculations with quasiparticle methodologies for the converged solution of the quantum many-electron states in the correlated compound Iron monoxide
Transition metal oxides belong to a genre of quantum materials essential for the exploration of theoretical methods for quantifying electronic correlation. Finding an efficient and accurate first principles method for the assertion of such physical properties is momentous for the predictive modelling of physics based thermoelectric and photovoltaic devices. Prior investigations have suggested that incorporation of the so called random phase approximation for the electronic screening interaction…

Spectral function approach in NuWro: modeling of multinucleon final states in quasielastic scattering
Artur M. Ankowski, Rwik Dharmapal Banerjee, Jan T. Sobczyk, Jos\'e L. Bonilla, Krzysztof M. Graczyk, Beata E. Kowal, Hemant Prasad
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10101

Spectral function approach in NuWro: modeling of multinucleon final states in quasielastic scattering
Neutrino-oscillation experiments performed in the few-GeV energy region create an urgent demand for a significant improvement in the accuracy of modeling of neutrino interactions with atomic nuclei. Here, we report an updated implementation of the spectral function approach in the \nuwro{} Monte Carlo generator, which consistently treats multinucleon final-states in quasielastic scattering at the inclusive and exclusive level. After validating its accuracy against inclusive electron-scattering …

Spectra for the Vacuum Cherenkov Effect in Astrophysical Electromagnetic Cascades with Lorentz Invariance Violation
Andrey Saveliev, Rafael Alves Batista, Feodor Mishin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08593

Spectra for the Vacuum Cherenkov Effect in Astrophysical Electromagnetic Cascades with Lorentz Invariance Violation
Lorentz invariance violation is a feature of several quantum gravity models in which Lorentz symmetry is broken at high energies, possibly leading to changes in particle behavior and interactions. In this work, we investigate vacuum Cherenkov radiation, a reaction in which an electron spontaneously emits a photon. This process, forbidden when Lorentz symmetry is unbroken, is a phenomenological consequence of some quantum gravity models. We derive, for the first time, the spectra for the vacuum …

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 453 nodes and 4879 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Trump and his officials are waging a war on electricity infrastructure.
This campaign is primarily driven by their opposition to the solar and wind farms that they associate with their foils, the Democrats.
Even as electricity has clearly become more important to the economy
— and even as the country’s biggest technology firms strive to secure any spare electron for their new metropolis-size data centers
— Trump and his team have begun a regulatory coup to smother n…

Opinion | Trump Is Destroying the Future of America to Own the Libs
Smothering electric vehicles might have been a regrettable mistake for a Republican to make 10 years ago. Today, it is economic idiocy.

Real-space understanding of electron-phonon coupling in superconducting hydrides
Trinidad Novoa, Raffaello Bianco, Julia Contreras-Garc\'ia, Ion Errea
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06749

Real-space understanding of electron-phonon coupling in superconducting hydrides
Electron-phonon coupling is at the origin of conventional superconductivity, enabling the pairing of electrons into Cooper pairs. The electron-phonon matrix elements depend on the electronic eigenstates and, in the standard linear approximation, on the first derivative of the potential felt by the electrons with respect to ionic perturbations. Here, we focus on the derivatives of the potential with a twofold aim: to assess their contribution to the overall coupling and to analyze the limitation…

Bipartite entanglement in a nuclear spin register mediated by a quasi-free electron spin
Marco Klotz, Andreas Tangemann, David Opferkuch, Alexander Kubanek
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05255

Bipartite entanglement in a nuclear spin register mediated by a quasi-free electron spin
Quantum networks will rely on photons entangled to robust, local quantum registers for computation and error correction. We demonstrate control of and entanglement in a fully connected three-qubit $^{13}\mathrm{C}$ nuclear spin register in diamond. The register is coupled to a quasi-free electron spin-1/2 of a silicon-vacancy center (SiV). High strain decouples the SiVs electron spin from spin-orbit interaction reducing the susceptibility to phonons at liquid helium temperature. As a result, th…

Unveiling the electronic structure of the charge density wave and topological semimetal TaTe4 through high-field magnetotransport measurements
D. Silvera-Vega, J. Rojas-Castillo, E. Herrera-Vasco, E. Ramos-Rodr\'iguez, A. F. Santander-Syro, J. A. Galvis, B. Uribe, R. Gonz\'alez-Hern\'andez, A. C. Garc\'ia-Castro, P. Giraldo-Gallo
http…

Unveiling the electronic structure of the charge density wave and topological semimetal TaTe4 through high-field magnetotransport measurements
Understanding the interplay between topology and correlated electron states is central to the study of quantum materials. TaTe$_4$, a charge density wave (CDW) compound predicted to host topological phases, offers a platform to explore this interplay. Here, we report a comprehensive study of the Fermi surface (FS) of TaTe$_4$ via high-field magnetotransport measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Using three distinct field-current configurations, we resolve four out of fi…

Simulating Unruh Radiation in High-Intensity Laser-Electron Interactions for Near-Term Experimental Tests
Rafi Hessami, Haidar Al-Naseri, Monika Yadav, Maanas Hemanth Oruganti, Brian Naranjo, James Rosenzweig
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07386

Simulating Unruh Radiation in High-Intensity Laser-Electron Interactions for Near-Term Experimental Tests
The Unruh effect predicts that a uniformly accelerating observer perceives the vacuum as a thermal bath, yet direct observation remains elusive [1]. We simulate Unruh radiation in realistic high-intensity laser-electron collisions relevant to FACET-II and LUXE using fully three-dimensional Monte Carlo methods. In our model, Unruh emission is treated as scattering from a rest-frame thermal spectrum with Klein-Nishina cross sections, while nonlinear Compton radiation is computed across many harmo…

fly_larva: Drosophila larva brain (2023)
A complete synaptic map of the brain connectome of the larva of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Nodes are neurons, and edges are synaptic connections, traced individually from brain image sections using three-dimensional electron microscopy–based reconstruction. Node metadata include the neuron hempisphere, hemispherical homologue, cell type, annotations, and inferred cluster. Edge metadata include the type of interaction (`'aa'`,…

Universal energy cascade and relaxation in three-dimensional inertial electron magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Supratik Banerjee, Arijit Halder, Amita Das
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07628

Universal energy cascade and relaxation in three-dimensional inertial electron magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Electron magnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) provides a realistic model for electron-scale heating and acceleration in weakly collisional space plasmas. A divergence-free Banerjee-Galtier type (Banerjee and Galtier, JoPA, 2017) exact relation is derived for three-dimensional homogeneous and not necessarily isotropic EMHD turbulence. By explicit calculation, it has been shown that the energy cascade is not affected by the presence of a uniform background magnetic field Bo. Using direct numerical simulat…

Electrostatic gate-controlled quantum interference in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas at the (La$_{0.3}$Sr$_{0.7}$)(Al$_{0.65}$Ta$_{0.35}$)O$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface
Km Rubi, Kun Han, Huang Zhen, Michel Goiran, Duncan K. Maude, Walter Escoffier, A. Ariando
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09013…

Electrostatic gate-controlled quantum interference in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas at the (La$_{0.3}$Sr$_{0.7}$)(Al$_{0.65}$Ta$_{0.35}$)O$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ interface
We report quantum oscillations in magnetoresistance that are periodic in magnetic field ($B$), observed at the interface between (La$_{0.3}$Sr$_{0.7}$)(Al$_{0.65}$Ta$_{0.35}$)O$_3$ and SrTiO$_3$. Unlike Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, which appear at magnetic fields $ > 7$ T and diminish quickly as the temperature rises, these $B$-periodic oscillations emerge at low fields and persist up to 10 K. Their amplitude decays exponentially with both temperature and field, specifying dephasing of quant…

Preferential Positron Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetized Electron-Positron-Ion Shocks
Shori Arai, Yosuke Matsumoto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06120 https://

Preferential Positron Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetized Electron-Positron-Ion Shocks
Relativistic shocks are considered efficient accelerators of charged particles and play crucial roles in high-energy astrophysical phenomena, such as gamma-ray bursts and pulsar winds. This study focuses on positron accelerations in magnetized relativistic shocks in electron-positron-ion plasma. Employing one-dimensional ab initio particle-in-cell simulations, we found a preferential positron acceleration through an interaction with the wakefield associated with a precursor wave in the upstream…

Formation and protection of an Eu-Ir surface compound below hexagonal boron nitride
Alaa Mohammed Idris Bakhit, Khadiza Ali, Frederik Schiller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10746 h…

Formation and protection of an Eu-Ir surface compound below hexagonal boron nitride
Europium (Eu) intercalation below hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) on an Ir(111) substrate at various Eu coverages is investigated. The structural and electronic properties were examined using low energy electron diffraction (LEED), scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Depending on the deposition temperature, different superstructures, (5 $\times$ $M$), (5 $\times$ 2), and ($ \sqrt{3}$ $\times$ $\sqrt{3}…

Microscopic calculation of two-particle-two-hole meson-exchange currents in $^{40}$Ar and asymmetric scaling properties for neutrino and electron scattering
V. L. Martinez-Consentino, J. Segovia, J. E. Amaro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08916

Microscopic calculation of two-particle-two-hole meson-exchange currents in $^{40}$Ar and asymmetric scaling properties for neutrino and electron scattering
We present a microscopic calculation of two particle-two hole meson exchange current response functions in asymmetric nuclei, with particular emphasis on the $^{40}$Ar nucleus. Employing a relativistic mean-field and relativistic Fermi gas framework, we compute the nuclear response for $^{40}$Ar and compare it with that of the symmetric $^{40}$Ca nucleus, analyzing the role of proton-neutron imbalance. The model incorporates distinct proton and neutron Fermi momenta to accurately capture the nu…

Weak measurement in strong laser field physics
Philipp Stammer, Javier Rivera-Dean, Marcelo F. Ciappina, Maciej Lewenstein
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09048 https://

Weak measurement in strong laser field physics
The advantage of attosecond measurements is the possibility of time-resolving ultrafast quantum phenomena of electron dynamics. Many such measurements are of interferometric nature, and therefore give access to the phase. Likewise, weak measurements are intrinsically interferometric and specifically take advantage of interfering probability amplitudes, therefore encoding the phase information of the process. In this work, we show that attosecond interferometry experiments can be seen as a weak …

Energy Bunching from Sub-Cycle Ionization Injection in Laser Wakefield Acceleration
A. Angella, E. L\"ofquist, C. Gustafsson, V. Poulain, F. D'Souza, C. Guo, A. Persson, P. Eng-Johnsson, C. -G. Wahlstr\"om, O. Lundh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10829

Energy Bunching from Sub-Cycle Ionization Injection in Laser Wakefield Acceleration
We report the first experimental observation of carrier-envelope phase-driven energy bunching in laser wakefield acceleration. Using a few-cycle (~9 fs), multi-terawatt laser pulse and ionization injection in a helium-nitrogen gas mixture, we observe electron spectra composed of multiple quasi-monoenergetic peaks with regular narrow energy spacing. This comb structure arises from intermittent injection from successive half-cycles of the laser field, enabled by the evolving carrier-envelope phas…

Momentum-Resolved Relaxation-Time Approach for Size-Dependent Conductivity in Anisotropic Metallic Films
YoungJun Lee, Jin Soo Lee, Seungjun Lee, Seoung-Hun Kang, Young-Kyun Kwon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08622

Momentum-Resolved Relaxation-Time Approach for Size-Dependent Conductivity in Anisotropic Metallic Films
Shrinking CMOS interconnect dimensions to the nanometer scale intensifies electron scattering at surfaces, interfaces, and grain boundaries, causing severe conductivity loss and challenging copper-based designs. Here we present a momentum-resolved relaxation time framework that integrates density functional theory with the semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation to predict size-dependent resistivity in metallic thin films. Electron phonon interactions are computed from first principles, and …

Resonantly enhanced polariton-mediated superconductivity in a doped transition metal dichalcogenide monolayer
Kenneth Choo, Olivier Bleu, Meera M. Parish, Jesper Levinsen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09619

Resonantly enhanced polariton-mediated superconductivity in a doped transition metal dichalcogenide monolayer
We present a proposal for achieving light-induced superconductivity using exciton polaritons - hybrid light-matter particles of excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) and microcavity photons. In contrast to previous theories of polariton-mediated superconductivity, which typically require multiple semiconductor layers, we show that superconductivity can be induced within a single semiconductor monolayer with inverted conduction bands, such as in the tungsten-based transition metal dichalcogenides…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 514 nodes and 3531 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Coherent control of interacting solid-state spins below the diffraction limit
Haitong Xu, Mehmet T. Uysal, Lukasz Dusanowski, Adam Turflinger, Ashwin Boddeti, Joseph Alexander, Jeff D. Thompson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09122

Coherent control of interacting solid-state spins below the diffraction limit
Optically addressed atomic defects in the solid-state are widely used as single-photon sources and memories for quantum network applications. The solid-state environment allows for a high density of electron and nuclear spins with the potential to form registers for coherent information processing. However, it is challenging to reliably address individual spins at nanometer separations where interactions are large. Rare-earth ions offer a unique solution, as their narrow homogeneous optical lin…

Revisiting the Electron EDM in the NMSSM
Kaifei Ning, Michael Ramsey-Musolf
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06320 https://arxiv.org/pdf/25…

Revisiting the Electron EDM in the NMSSM
The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) with explicit CP violation offers a promising framework for explaining the observed baryon asymmetry while remaining consistent with stringent electric dipole moment (EDM) bounds. In this work, we identify a previously overlooked set of two-loop diagrams that contribute to fermion EDMs in the NMSSM. Our analysis of the electron EDM shows that, for certain NMSSM specific CP-violating phases, these diagrams partially cancel existing contri…

Helical Field-Driven Translational-Rotational Conversion in Conductors
M. D. Tokman, V. L. Bratman, E. Magori, N. Balal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10042 https://

Helical Field-Driven Translational-Rotational Conversion in Conductors
A theory of a new magnetodynamic effect describing the energy exchange between the degrees of freedom of a conducting cylinder moving in a helical magnetic field has been developed. The possibility of effectively converting the translational motion of the cylinder into its angular rotation around the system axis (translational-rotational conversion, TRC) has been demonstrated. A connection between this effect and the formation of helical trajectories of electrons in undulators in free electron …

Ultrasensitive Magnetometer based on Cusp Points of the Photon-Magnon Synchronization Mode
Xinlin Mi, Jinwei Rao, Lijun Yan, Xudong Wang, Bingbing Lyu, Bimu Yao, Shishen Yan, Lihui Bai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08032

Ultrasensitive Magnetometer based on Cusp Points of the Photon-Magnon Synchronization Mode
Ultrasensitive magnetometers based on spin resonances have led to remarkable achievements. However, the gyromagnetic ratios of these spin resonances that determine the responsivity of magnetometers to weak magnetic fields are inherently constrained by the Land$\acute{e}$ g-factor of particles, such as the electron, with a constant gyromagnetic ratio of $γ_e=2π\times28$ GHz/T. Here, we demonstrate an ultrasensitive magnetometer based on the cusp point (CP) of photon-magnon synchronization mode…

Vidyut3d: a GPU accelerated fluid solver for non-equilibrium plasmas on adaptive grids
Hariswaran Sitaraman, Nicholas Deak, Taaresh Taneja
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08200

Vidyut3d: a GPU accelerated fluid solver for non-equilibrium plasmas on adaptive grids
We present the numerical methods, programming methodology, verification, and performance assessment of a non-equilibrium plasma fluid solver that can effectively utilize current and upcoming central processing and graphics processing unit (CPU+GPU) architectures, in this work. Our plasma fluid model solves the coupled conservation equations for species transport, electrostatic Poisson and electron temperature on adaptive Cartesian grids. Our solver is written using performance portable adaptive…

3D Atomic-Scale Metrology of Strain Relaxation and Roughness in Gate-All-Around (GAA) Transistors via Electron Ptychography
Shake Karapetyan, Steven E. Zeltmann, Glen Wilk, Ta-Kun Chen, Vincent D. -H. Hou, David A. Muller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07265

3D Atomic-Scale Metrology of Strain Relaxation and Roughness in Gate-All-Around (GAA) Transistors via Electron Ptychography
To improve transistor density and electronic performance, next-generation semiconductor devices are adopting three-dimensional architectures and feature sizes down to the few-nm regime, which require atomic-scale metrology to identify and resolve performance-limiting fabrication challenges. X-ray methods deliver three-dimensional imaging of integrated circuits but lack the spatial resolution to characterize atomic-scale features, while conventional electron microscopy offers atomic-scale imagin…

Entropy of a double quantum dot
David Kealhofer, Christoph Adam, Max J. Ruckriegel, Petar Tomi\'c, Benedikt Kratochwil, Christian Reichl, Yigal Meir, Werner Wegscheider, Thomas Ihn, Klaus Ensslin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09481

Entropy of a double quantum dot
We use charge sensing to detect entropy changes in a double quantum dot defined by electrostatic gating of a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. This system can be tuned to be two separate systems, like two independent, artificial atoms, or a single coherent system, like a molecule. We study entropy changes in both regimes due to changes in the occupation of the system. First we recover the single-dot result for each dot, that the occupation of the dot by a single electron corresponds to an increase i…

Exact calculation of photon polarization observables in Bethe-Heitler process
Yu. M. Bystritskiy, V. A. Zykunov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05011 https://ar…

Exact calculation of photon polarization observables in Bethe-Heitler process
The effects of polarization transfer from the initial electron to the bremsstrahlung photon in the electron-nucleus scattering (Bethe-Heitler process) are considered. The calculation is done without the assumption of smallness of the electron mass. Detailed comparison with a previous well-known works is done. Some issues related with electron mass neglecting are shown and commented. The results are applicable to the modelling of the polarized cross sections at low energies (even at a few electr…

fly_larva: Drosophila larva brain (2023)
A complete synaptic map of the brain connectome of the larva of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Nodes are neurons, and edges are synaptic connections, traced individually from brain image sections using three-dimensional electron microscopy–based reconstruction. Node metadata include the neuron hempisphere, hemispherical homologue, cell type, annotations, and inferred cluster. Edge metadata include the type of interaction (`'aa'`,…

Phonon interference effects in GaAs-GaP superlattice nanowires
Chaitanya Arya, Johannes Trautvetter, Jose M. Sojo-Gordillo, Yashpreet Kaur, Valentina Zannier, Fabio Beltram, Tommaso Albrigi, Alicia Ruiz-Caridad, Lucia Sorba, Riccardo Rurali, Ilaria Zardo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09556

Phonon interference effects in GaAs-GaP superlattice nanowires
Fine-tuning the functional properties of nanomaterials is crucial for technological applications. Superlattices, characterized by periodic repetitions of two or more materials in different dimensions, have emerged as a promising area of investigation. We present a study of the phonon interference effect on thermal transport in GaAs-GaP superlattice nanowires with sharp interfaces between the GaAs and GaP layers, as confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. We performed ther…

Chirality-Induced Orbital-Angular-Momentum Selectivity in Electron Transmission and Scattering
Yun Chen, Oded Hod, Joel Gersten, Abraham Nitzan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02997 …

Chirality-Induced Orbital-Angular-Momentum Selectivity in Electron Transmission and Scattering
Chirality-induced orbital-angular-momentum selectivity (CIOAMS) in electron transmission and scattering processes is investigated. Polarization of the OAM of an electron traversing chiral media is first studied via electronic wavepacket propagation using the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. Next, spatial resolution of wavepackets carrying opposite OAM, following scattering from a corrugated surface is demonstrated. This suggests that OAM may play a significant role in the mechanisms underl…

Energetics and limitations of passive electron transpiration cooling for hypersonic leading edges
Bryce Boyer, Timothy S. Fisher
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05900 https://…

Energetics and limitations of passive electron transpiration cooling for hypersonic leading edges
Electron transpiration cooling (ETC) offers a promising approach for thermal management of hypersonic vehicles by leveraging thermionic emission from the leading edge. While emitted electrons cool the surface, subsequent collection of flowfield electrons induces heating, limiting ETC effectiveness unless collection occurs in cooler aftbody regions. Most existing ETC studies neglect this heating contribution, assuming ideal downstream collection. This work integrates a one-dimensional collisionl…

Surface Reduction Boosts Free Electron Concentration in MXene for Enhanced Photothermal Performance
Haoming Ding, Xiao Tong, Yong Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05741

Surface Reduction Boosts Free Electron Concentration in MXene for Enhanced Photothermal Performance
The photothermal properties of MXenes originate from their high free electron concentration, which drives localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). However, their intrinsic electron concentration is limited by suboptimal d-orbital occupancy, while electronegative surface terminations actively deplete free electrons through orbital-selective withdrawal. Herein, we report a sodium (Na)-mediated surface reduction strategy in molten salts to transform Ti3C2Clx into electronically tunable Ti3C2. S…

Thermoelectric optimization and quantum-to-classical crossover in gate-controlled two-dimensional semiconducting nanojunctions
Yu-Chang Chen, Yu-Chen Chang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08231

Thermoelectric optimization and quantum-to-classical crossover in gate-controlled two-dimensional semiconducting nanojunctions
We investigate the thermoelectric performance of 2D nanojunctions with gate tunable architectures and varying channel lengths from 3 to 12 nm using a combination of first principles simulations, including density functional theory, DFT with nonequilibrium Greens function formalism (nanoDCAL), and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. Our study reveals a gate, temperature, and length dependent transition from quantum to classical in electron transport, transitioning from quantum tunneli…

Reconstruction of 2D line-integrated electron density using angular filter refractometry and a fast marching Eikonal solver
Brendan McCluskey, Jesse Griff-McMahon, Daniel Haberberger, Vicente Valenzuela-Villaseca, Huws Landsberger, William Fox
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05837

Reconstruction of 2D line-integrated electron density using angular filter refractometry and a fast marching Eikonal solver
Refraction of an optical probe beam by a plasma can be measured with angular filter refractometry (AFR), which produces an image containing intensity contours that correspond to curves of constant refraction angle. Further analysis is required to reconstruct the underlying line-integrated electron density. Most prior efforts to calculate density from AFR data have been limited to 1D analysis or forward-fitting techniques. In this paper, we detail the use of a fast marching Eikonal solver to dir…

Precision calculation of $N_{\text{eff}}$ with Neutrino Direct Simulation Monte Carlo
Oleksii Ihnatenko, Maksym Ovchynnikov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08379 https://

Precision calculation of $N_{\text{eff}}$ with Neutrino Direct Simulation Monte Carlo
Neutrino Direct Simulation Monte Carlo approach ($ν$DSMC) is a method of solving the neutrino Boltzmann equation in the Early Universe, proposed to study the evolution of neutrinos under various cosmological setups. We formulate a complete $ν$DSMC solver, incorporating the effects of the electron mass, neutrino oscillations, and quantum corrections to the thermodynamics of the electromagnetic plasma. We then apply it for performing precise calculations of neutrino decoupling in the standard c…

3D Mapping of Defects and Moir\'e Corrugations via Electron Ptychography Atomic Coordinate Retrieval
Jeffrey Huang, Yichao Zhang, Sang hyun Bae, Ballal Ahammed, Elif Ertekin, Pinshane Y. Huang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07140

3D Mapping of Defects and Moiré Corrugations via Electron Ptychography Atomic Coordinate Retrieval
Defects and reconstructions in 2D moiré materials cause out-of-plane deformations which strongly modify their electronic properties but are difficult to experimentally access. Here, we solve the 3D atomic coordinates of twisted bilayer WSe$_2$ with picometer-scale accuracy using multislice electron ptychography (MEP) acquired from a single orientation. The resulting atomic models individually visualize each of the six atomic planes, revealing the curvature of each WSe$_2$ layer, variations in …

Ultra-high-gain water-window X-ray laser driven by plasma photocathode wakefield acceleration
Lily H. A. Berman, David Campbell, Edgar Hartmann, Thomas Heinemann, Thomas Wilson, Bernhard Hidding, Ahmad Fahim Habib
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06403

Ultra-high-gain water-window X-ray laser driven by plasma photocathode wakefield acceleration
X-ray free-electron lasers are large and complex machines, limited by electron beam brightness. Here we show through start-to-end simulations how to realise compact, robust and tunable X-ray lasers in the water window, based on ultra-bright electron beams from plasma wakefield accelerators. First, an ultra-low-emittance electron beam is released by a plasma photocathode in a metre-scale plasma wakefield accelerator. By tuning the beam charge, space-charge forces create a balance between beam fi…

Influence of the nuclear magnetic field on electron-positron pair production in low-energy heavy-nuclei collisions
N. K. Dulaev, D. A. Telnov, V. M. Shabaev, Y. S. Kozhedub, X. Ma, I. A. Maltsev, R. V. Popov, I. I. Tupitsyn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07904

Influence of the nuclear magnetic field on electron-positron pair production in low-energy heavy-nuclei collisions
Total and energy-angle differential probabilities of positrons created in slow collisions of two identical nuclei are calculated within relativistic two-center approach. The time-dependent Dirac equation is solved in the rotating frame using the generalized pseudospectral method in modified prolate spheroidal coordinates. The magnetic interaction induced by the motion of the nuclei is included in the Hamiltonian. The rotational coupling term is also taken into account. Angle-integrated and angl…

Direct determination of antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition pathways in PbZrO$_3$ with Operando Electron Microscopy
Menglin Zhu, Michael Xu, Louis Alaerts, Hao Pan, Colin Gilgenbach, Geoffroy Hautier, Lane W. Martin, James M. LeBeau
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07194

Direct determination of antiferroelectric-to-ferroelectric phase transition pathways in PbZrO$_3$ with Operando Electron Microscopy
Under a sufficiently high applied electric field, a non-polar antiferroelectric material, such as \ce{PbZrO3}, can undergo a rapid transformation to a polar ferroelectric phase. While this behavior is promising for energy storage and electromechanical applications, a complete understanding of the atomic-scale mechanisms governing the phase transition remain elusive. Here, we employ \textit{operando} scanning transmission electron microscopy electric field biasing to directly resolve the antifer…

The role of electron interactions in a failed insulator revealed by shot noise
Mateusz Szurek, Hanqiao Cheng, Zilu Pang, Yiou Zhang, Sergei Urazhdin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05481

The role of electron interactions in a failed insulator revealed by shot noise
In materials known as failed insulators, electrical resistivity increases as temperature decreases, yet does not diverge - a phenomenon inconsistent with single-particle theories. We investigate the origin of this behavior by measuring shot noise in nanojunctions of nitrogen-doped beta-Ta, a prototypical failed insulator. Junctions as short as 8 nanometers exhibit hot-electron shot noise, indicating strong electron interactions. We show that charge hopping mediated by these interactions explain…

Effect of superthermal electrons on the Quantum electron acoustic double layers in dense astrophysical plasmas
Aakanksha Singh, Punit Kumar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06366 http…

Effect of superthermal electrons on the Quantum electron acoustic double layers in dense astrophysical plasmas
Electron acoustic double layers (EADLs) have been investigated in four component unmagnetized dense quantum plasmas consisting of stationary background ions and two electron populations, cold and hot, with the superthermal kappa distributed electrons. Using the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model and the reductive perturbation technique, a generalized Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equation was derived, and stationary analytical solutions were obtained. The analysis revealed that superthermal electrons s…

Bulk Thermal Conductance of the 5/2 and 7/3 Fractional Quantum Hall States in the Corbino Geometry
F. Boivin, M. Petrescu, Z. Berkson-Korenberg, K. W. West L. N. Pfeiffer, G. Gervais
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09588

Bulk Thermal Conductance of the 5/2 and 7/3 Fractional Quantum Hall States in the Corbino Geometry
In this work, making use of time-resolved in situ Joule heating of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the Corbino geometry, we report bulk thermal conductance measurements for the ν = 5/2 and ν = 7/3 fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states for electron temperatures ranging from 20 to 150 mK. We compare our findings with a recent study by Melcer et al. [Nature 625, 489 (2024)] that observed a finite bulk thermal conductivity \k{appa}xx in FQH states. In spite of the large size difference an…

200 keV energy electron irradiation of single crystal diamond: Quantification of vacancy and nitrogen-vacancy production
Chloe C Newsom, Lillian B Hughes, Ben L Green, Ania C Bleszynski Jayich, Mark E Newton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06517

200 keV energy electron irradiation of single crystal diamond: Quantification of vacancy and nitrogen-vacancy production
Electron irradiation and annealing treatments are a method of colour centre/defect creation in diamond. The depth profile of defects created by low energy 200 keV electrons in single crystal high purity (type II) electronic grade diamond grown via chemical vapour deposition has been investigated. The depth profile of monovacancies created was found, using photoluminescence (PL), to decay exponentially, with decay length $12\pm1$ $μ$m and production rate of $(1.1\pm0.2)\times 10 ^{-1}$ V/e$^{-}…

Exploration on the Two-stream Instability in the Polar Cusp Under Solar Storm Disturbances and its Potential Impacts on Spacecraft
Jikai Sun, Lei Chang, Yu Liu, Guojun Wang, Zichen Kan, Shijie Zhang, Jingjing Ma, Dingzhou Li, Yingxin Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09126

Exploration on the Two-stream Instability in the Polar Cusp Under Solar Storm Disturbances and its Potential Impacts on Spacecraft
During solar storms, the polar cusp often exhibits electron populations with distinct velocity distributions, which may be associated with the two-stream instability. This study reveals the evolution of the two-stream instability associated with electron velocities and the interaction between the growth phase of the two-stream instability and the electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs). The results from particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are compared with satellite observational data and computatio…

Quantum Kinetic Anatomy of Electron Angular Momenta Edge Accumulation
T. Valet, H. Jaffres, V. Cros, R. Raimondi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06771 https://

Quantum Kinetic Anatomy of Electron Angular Momenta Edge Accumulation
Controlling electron's spin and orbital degrees of freedom has been a major research focus over the past two decades, as it underpins the electrical manipulation of magnetization. Leveraging a recently introduced quantum kinetic theory of multiband systems [T. Valet and R. Raimondi, Phys. Rev. B 111, L041118 (2025)], we outline how the intrinsic angular momenta linear response is partitioned into intraband and interband contributions. Focusing on time reversal and inversion symmetric metals, we…

Asymmetric-gate Mach--Zehnder interferometry in graphene: Multi-path conductance oscillations and visibility characteristics
Taegeun Song, Nojoon Myoung
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07380

Asymmetric-gate Mach--Zehnder interferometry in graphene: Multi-path conductance oscillations and visibility characteristics
Graphene provides an excellent platform for investigating electron quantum interference due to its outstanding coherent properties. In the quantum Hall regime, Mach--Zehnder (MZ) electronic interferometers are realized using p--n junctions in graphene, where electron interference is highly protected against decoherence. In this work, we present a phenomenological framework for graphene-based MZ interferometry with asymmetric p--n junction configurations. We show that the enclosed interferometer…

Photogalvanic effect in hydrodynamic flows of nonreciprocal electron liquids
E. Kirkinis, L. Bonds, A. Levchenko, A. V. Andreev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06933

Photogalvanic effect in hydrodynamic flows of nonreciprocal electron liquids
We study nonlinear hydrodynamic electron transport driven by an AC electric field. In noncentrosymmetric conductors with broken time-reversal (TR) symmetry the nonlinear flow of such liquids is nonreciprocal, giving rise to a DC current $I^{DC}$ that is quadratic in the amplitude of the AC electric field. This is the hydrodynamic analogue of the linear photogalvanic effect (PGE), which arises in bulk noncentrosymmetric materials with broken TR symmetry. The magnitude of $I^{DC}$ depends on both…