Tootfinder

The OATMEAL Survey. III. An Aligned Transiting Warm Brown Dwarf and Evidence for Quiescent Brown Dwarf Migration
Noah Vowell, Jiayin Dong, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Allyson Bieryla, George Zhou, Theron W. Carmichael, Steven Giacalone, Jeffrey D. Crane, Stephen A. Shectman, Johanna Teske
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00105

The OATMEAL Survey. III. An Aligned Transiting Warm Brown Dwarf and Evidence for Quiescent Brown Dwarf Migration
We present the first measurement of the sky-projected orbital obliquity of a benchmark transiting brown dwarf host, HIP 33609, as a part of the Orbital Architectures of Transiting Massive Exoplanets And Low-mass stars (OATMEAL) survey. HIP 33609 b is a highly eccentric, 68 $M_{\rm J}$ brown dwarf orbiting a 10,300 K, A-type star with an orbital period of 39 days. Its host star is a known member of the 150 Myr old MELANGE-6 moving group, making it an excellent laboratory for testing sub-stellar …

U.S. will start testing nuclear bombs after three-decade hiatus, Trump says (Dave Lawler/Axios)
https://www.axios.com/2025/10/30/nuclear-bomb-testing-trump-china-russia
http://www.memeorandum.com/251030/p51#a251030p51

Functionize, which offers a cloud platform that uses AI to speed up software testing, raised a $41M Series B, bringing its total funding to $67M (Maria Deutscher/SiliconANGLE)
https://siliconangle.com/2025/08/19/functionize-nabs-41m-speed-software-testing…

Functionize nabs $41M to speed up software testing with AI - SiliconANGLE
Functionize nabs $41M to speed up software testing with AI - SiliconANGLE

Automating Sensor Characterization with Bayesian Optimization
J. Cuevas-Zepeda, C. Chavez, J. Estrada, J. Noonan, B. D. Nord, N. Saffold, M. Sofo-Haro, R. Spinola e Castro, S. Trivedi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21661

Automating Sensor Characterization with Bayesian Optimization
The development of novel instrumentation requires an iterative cycle with three stages: design, prototyping, and testing. Recent advancements in simulation and nanofabrication techniques have significantly accelerated the design and prototyping phases. Nonetheless, detector characterization continues to be a major bottleneck in device development. During the testing phase, a significant time investment is required to characterize the device in different operating conditions and find optimal ope…

Unified theory of testing relevant hypothesis in functional time series
Leheng Cai, Qirui Hu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18624 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.18…

Unified theory of testing relevant hypothesis in functional time series
In this paper, we present a general framework for testing relevant hypotheses in functional time series. Our unified approach covers one-sample, two-sample, and change point problems under contaminated observations with arbitrary sampling schemes. By employing B-spline estimators and the self-normalization technique, we propose nuisance-parameter-free testing procedures, obviating the need for additional procedures such as estimating long-run covariance or measurement-error variance functions. …

LSD-3D: Large-Scale 3D Driving Scene Generation with Geometry Grounding
Julian Ost, Andrea Ramazzina, Amogh Joshi, Maximilian B\"omer, Mario Bijelic, Felix Heide
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19204

LSD-3D: Large-Scale 3D Driving Scene Generation with Geometry Grounding
Large-scale scene data is essential for training and testing in robot learning. Neural reconstruction methods have promised the capability of reconstructing large physically-grounded outdoor scenes from captured sensor data. However, these methods have baked-in static environments and only allow for limited scene control -- they are functionally constrained in scene and trajectory diversity by the captures from which they are reconstructed. In contrast, generating driving data with recent image…

Testing the Constancy of Type Ia Supernova Luminosities with Gaussian Process
Akshay Rana
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19494 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.19494…

Testing the Constancy of Type Ia Supernova Luminosities with Gaussian Process
Type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) are central to studies of cosmic expansion, under the assumption that their absolute magnitude $M_B$ does not evolve with redshift. Even small drifts in brightness can bias cosmological parameters such as $H_0$ and $w$. Here we test this assumption using a non-parametric Gaussian Process (GP) reconstruction of the expansion history from cosmic chronometer $H(z)$ data, which provides a model-independent baseline distance modulus, $μ_{\rm GP}(z)$. To propagate uncerta…

Magnetic Pressure Dominance Stabilizes AGN Disks Against Gravitational Instability
Hannalore J. Gerling-Dunsmore, Mitchell C. Begelman, Jacob B. Simon, Philip J. Armitage
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16842

Magnetic Pressure Dominance Stabilizes AGN Disks Against Gravitational Instability
Magnetic effects have long been considered a possible factor in stabilizing the outer regions of active galactic nuclei (AGN) accretion disks against gravitational instability (GI). However, the computational demands of testing this hypothesis have prevented comprehensive study of this problem. Here, we present results from a suite of 6 isothermal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) shearing box simulations, 3 initialized with strong magnetization ($β^{\rm{mid}}_{0} = p_{\rm{gas}} / p_{\rm{mag}} = 10^{…

Evaluation Awareness Scales Predictably in Open-Weights Large Language Models
Maheep Chaudhary, Ian Su, Nikhil Hooda, Nishith Shankar, Julia Tan, Kevin Zhu, Ashwinee Panda, Ryan Lagasse, Vasu Sharma
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13333

Evaluation Awareness Scales Predictably in Open-Weights Large Language Models
Large language models (LLMs) can internally distinguish between evaluation and deployment contexts, a behaviour known as \emph{evaluation awareness}. This undermines AI safety evaluations, as models may conceal dangerous capabilities during testing. Prior work demonstrated this in a single $70$B model, but the scaling relationship across model sizes remains unknown. We investigate evaluation awareness across $15$ models scaling from $0.27$B to $70$B parameters from four families using linear pr…

Definability of some $k$-ary Relations Over Second Order kinds of Logics
Simone Costa, Marco Dalai, Stefano Della Fiore, Anita Pasotti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13063 https://

Definability of some $k$-ary Relations Over Second Order kinds of Logics
We consider the exprissibility in monadic second order logic of certain relations of importance in computer science. For integers $n\geq 1$ and $k\leq b$, a $k$-tuple of sequences in $\{0,1,\ldots, b-1\}^n$ are said to be $k$-hashed if there is a coordinate where they all differ. A set $\mathcal{C}$ of sequences is said to be a $k$-hash code if any $k$ distinct elements are $k$-hashed. Testing whether a code is $k$-hashing and determining the largest size of $k$-hash codes is an important probl…

Moire Artifact Reduction in Grating Interferometry Using Multiple Harmonics and Total Variation Regularization
Hunter C. Meyer, Joyoni Dey, Conner B. Dooley, Murtuza S. Taqi, Varun R. Gala, Christopher Morrison, Victoria L. Fontenot, Kyungmin Ham, Leslie G. Butler, Alexandra Noel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.16503

Moire Artifact Reduction in Grating Interferometry Using Multiple Harmonics and Total Variation Regularization
X-ray interferometry is an emerging imaging modality with a wide range of potential clinical applications, including lung and breast imaging, as well as non destructive testing in fields such as additive manufacturing and porosimetry. A grating interferometer uses a diffraction grating to produce a periodic interference pattern and measures how a patient or sample perturbs the pattern, producing three unique images that highlight X-ray absorption, refraction, and small angle scattering, known a…

Evaluating Podcast Recommendations with Profile-Aware LLM-as-a-Judge
Francesco Fabbri, Gustavo Penha, Edoardo D'Amico, Alice Wang, Marco De Nadai, Jackie Doremus, Paul Gigioli, Andreas Damianou, Oskar Stal, Mounia Lalmas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08777

Evaluating Podcast Recommendations with Profile-Aware LLM-as-a-Judge
Evaluating personalized recommendations remains a central challenge, especially in long-form audio domains like podcasts, where traditional offline metrics suffer from exposure bias and online methods such as A/B testing are costly and operationally constrained. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) as offline judges to assess the quality of podcast recommendations in a scalable and interpretable manner. Our two-stage profile-aware approach firs…

Asteroseismic investigation of HD 140283: The Methuselah star
M. S. Lundkvist, J. R. Larsen, Y. Li, M. L. Winther, T. R. Bedding, H. Kjeldsen, T. R. White, M. B. Nielsen, G. Buldgen, C. Guillaume, A. L. Stokholm, D. Huber, J. L. R{\o}rsted, P. Mani, F. Grundahl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11532

Asteroseismic investigation of HD 140283: The Methuselah star
HD 140283 is a well-studied metal-poor subgiant and a Gaia benchmark star, often used for testing stellar models due to its proximity, brightness, and low metallicity ([Fe/H] = -2.3 dex). Here we present the first asteroseismic analysis of HD 140283, providing improved constraints on its fundamental properties. The star was observed by TESS in 20-second cadence during Sector 51. We extracted a custom light curve and performed a frequency analysis, revealing a rich spectrum of solar-like osc…

Constraints on the Orbit of the Young Substellar Companion GQ Lup B from High-Resolution Spectroscopy and VLTI/GRAVITY Astrometry
Vidya Venkatesan, S. Blunt, J. J. Wang, S. Lacour, G. -D. Marleau, G. A. L. Coleman, L. Guerrero, W. O. Balmer, L. Pueyo, T. Stolker, J. Kammerer, N. Pourr\'e, M. Nowak, E. Rickman, A. Sivaramakrishnan, D. Sing, K. Wagner, A. -M. Lagrange, R. Abuter, A. Amorim, R. Asensio-Torres, J. -P. Berger, H. Beust, A. Boccaletti, M. Bonnefoy, H. Bonnet, M. S. Bordo…

Constraints on the Orbit of the Young Substellar Companion GQ Lup B from High-Resolution Spectroscopy and VLTI/GRAVITY Astrometry
Understanding the orbits of giant planets is critical for testing planet formation models, particularly at wide separations greater than 10 au where traditional core accretion becomes inefficient. However, constraining orbits at these separations has been challenging because of sparse orbital coverage and degeneracies in the orbital parameters. We use existing high-resolution spectroscopic measurements from CRIRES+ (R ~ 100000), astrometric data from SPHERE, NACO, and ALMA, and new high-precisi…

Bridging Control Variates and Regression Adjustment in A/B Testing: From Design-Based to Model-Based Frameworks
Yu Zhang, Bokui Wan, Yongli Qin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13944 …

Bridging Control Variates and Regression Adjustment in A/B Testing: From Design-Based to Model-Based Frameworks
A B testing serves as the gold standard for large scale, data driven decision making in online businesses. To mitigate metric variability and enhance testing sensitivity, control variates and regression adjustment have emerged as prominent variance reduction techniques, leveraging pre experiment data to improve estimator performance. Over the past decade, these methods have spawned numerous derivatives, yet their theoretical connections and comparative properties remain underexplored. In this p…

Radiation-induced Ionization Effects and Space Mission Requirements for Silicon Photonic Mach-Zehnder Modulators
Kellen P. Arnold, Joel B. Slaby, Nathaniel J. Karom, Anurag R. Veluri, C. Alex Kaylor, Andrew L. Sternberg, Dennis R. Ball, Ronald D. Schrimpf, Daniel M. Fleetwood, Stephen E. Ralph, Robert A. Reed, Sharon M. Weiss
https://arxiv…

Radiation-induced Ionization Effects and Space Mission Requirements for Silicon Photonic Mach-Zehnder Modulators
Photonic integrated circuits have become essential for meeting the growing global demand for high-capacity information processing and transport. Assessing their radiation tolerance is essential for deploying systems in radiation prone environments - including in space, high-energy particle accelerators, and defense radiation testing facilities - where the performance and compactness of photonic integrated circuits are increasingly advantageous. This work investigates the analog and digital radi…

Prompting Science Report 3: I'll pay you or I'll kill you -- but will you care?
Lennart Meincke, Ethan Mollick, Lilach Mollick, Dan Shapiro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00614

Prompting Science Report 3: I'll pay you or I'll kill you -- but will you care?
This is the third in a series of short reports that seek to help business, education, and policy leaders understand the technical details of working with AI through rigorous testing. In this report, we investigate two commonly held prompting beliefs: a) offering to tip the AI model and b) threatening the AI model. Tipping was a commonly shared tactic for improving AI performance and threats have been endorsed by Google Founder Sergey Brin (All-In, May 2025, 8:20) who observed that 'models tend …

WALLABY Pilot Survey: Characterizing Low Rotation Kinematically Modelled Galaxies
N. Deg, K. Spekkens, N. Arora, R. Dudley, H. White, A. Helias, J. English, T. O'Beirne, V. Kilborn, G. Ferrand, M. L. A. Richardson, B. Catinella, L. Cortese, H. D\'enes, A. Elagali, B. -Q. For, K. Lee-Waddell, J. Rhee, L. Shao, A. X. Shen, L. Staveley-Smith, T. Westmeier, O. I. Wong

WALLABY Pilot Survey: Characterizing Low Rotation Kinematically Modelled Galaxies
Many of the tensions in cosmological models of the Universe lie in the low mass, low velocity regime. Probing this regime requires a statistically significant sample of galaxies with well measured kinematics and robustly measured uncertainties. WALLABY, as a wide area, untargetted HI survey is well positioned to construct this sample. As a first step towards this goal we develop a framework for testing kinematic modelling codes in the low resolution, low $S/N$, low rotation velocity regime. We …

Testing Seesaw and Leptogenesis via Gravitational Waves: Majorana versus Dirac
Anish Ghoshal, Kazunori Kohri, Nimmala Narendra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03579 https://

Testing Seesaw and Leptogenesis via Gravitational Waves: Majorana versus Dirac
We investigate the B-L gauge extension of the Standard Model that the Dirac seesaw mechanism with thermal Leptogenesis can be tested using the stochastic gravitational background (SGWB) emanating from a network of cosmic strings when B-L symmetry is broken. With right-handed neutrino mass lighter than the typical scale of grand unification, the B-L symmetry protecting the right-handed neutrinos leads to constraints on the Yukawa couplings for both Dirac and Majorana scenarios. Estimating the pr…

Detection of Chagas Disease from the ECG: The George B. Moody PhysioNet Challenge 2025
Matthew A. Reyna (Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA), Zuzana Koscova (Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA), Jan Pavlus (Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA), Soheil Saghafi (Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, USA), James Weigle (Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory…

Detection of Chagas Disease from the ECG: The George B. Moody PhysioNet Challenge 2025
Objective: Chagas disease is a parasitic infection that is endemic to South America, Central America, and, more recently, the U.S., primarily transmitted by insects. Chronic Chagas disease can cause cardiovascular diseases and digestive problems. Serological testing capacities for Chagas disease are limited, but Chagas cardiomyopathy often manifests in ECGs, providing an opportunity to prioritize patients for testing and treatment. Approach: The George B. Moody PhysioNet Challenge 2025 invites …

Ultra-pure Nickel for Structural Components of Low-Radioactivity Instruments
T. J. Roosendaal, C. T. Overman, G. S. Ortega, T. D. Schlieder, N. D. Rocco, L. K. S. Horkley, K. P. Hobbs, K. Harouaka, J. L. Orrell, P. Acharya, A. Amy, E. Angelico, A. Anker, I. J. Arnquist, A. Atencio, J. Bane, V. Belov, E. P. Bernard, T. Bhatta, A. Bolotnikov, J. Breslin, P. A. Breur, J. P. Brodsky, E. Brown, T. Brunner, B. Burnell, E. Caden, L. Q. Cao, D. Cesmecioglu, S. A. Charlebois, D. Chernyak, M. Ch…

Ultra-pure Nickel for Structural Components of Low-Radioactivity Instruments
The next generation of rare-event search experiments in nuclear and particle physics demand structural materials combining exceptional mechanical strength with ultra-low levels of radioactive contamination. This study evaluates chemical vapor deposition (CVD) nickel as a candidate structural material for such applications. Manufacturer-supplied CVD Ni grown on aluminum substrates underwent tensile testing before and after welding alongside standard Ni samples. CVD Ni exhibited a planar tensile …

Straightforward Bayesian A/B testing with Dirichlet posteriors
Dustin Hayden, Thomas Armitage
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08077 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.0…

Straightforward Bayesian A/B testing with Dirichlet posteriors
Bayesian A/B testing investigates metric changes using the joint posterior distribution of two (or more) experimentally-derived datasets. The construction of said joint posterior is often a time-consuming process requiring specialized knowledge and domain expertise. In businesses that perform tens to hundreds of A/B tests per month it is important to have a robust analysis pipeline that can handle the variety of experiments performed on a modern web platform; requiring a domain expert to select…

Subset Selection for Stratified Sampling in Online Controlled Experiments
Haru Momozu, Yuki Uehara, Naoki Nishimura, Koya Ohashi, Deddy Jobson, Yilin Li, Phuong Dinh, Noriyoshi Sukegawa, Yuichi Takano
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15576

Subset Selection for Stratified Sampling in Online Controlled Experiments
Online controlled experiments, also known as A/B testing, are the digital equivalent of randomized controlled trials for estimating the impact of marketing campaigns on website visitors. Stratified sampling is a traditional technique for variance reduction to improve the sensitivity (or statistical power) of controlled experiments; this technique first divides the population into strata (homogeneous subgroups) based on stratification variables and then draws samples from each stratum to avoid s…

Testing Lens Models of PLCK G165.7 67.0 Using Lensed SN H0pe
Aadya Agrawal, J. D. R. Pierel, Gautham Narayan, B. L. Frye, Jose M. Diego, Nikhil Garuda, Matthew Grayling, Anton M. Koekemoer, Kaisey S. Mandel, M. Pascale, David Vizgan, Rogier A. Windhorst
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07637

Testing Lens Models of PLCK G165.7+67.0 Using Lensed SN H0pe
Supernova H0pe is a multiply-imaged Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) and the second lensed SN to yield a measurement of the Hubble constant by the time-delay cosmography method, finding $H_0 = 75.4^{+8.1}_{-5.5} \text{km s}^{-1} \text{Mpc}^{-1}$. We investigate the seven lens modeling approaches used to derive $H_0$, assessing their agreement with $Λ\text{CDM}$ constraints from SN Ia surveys through a purely observational comparison. While photometrically derived magnifications yield distance moduli …

Bootstrap Diagnostic Tests
Giuseppe Cavaliere, Luca Fanelli, Iliyan Georgiev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01351 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.01351

Bootstrap Diagnostic Tests
Violation of the assumptions underlying classical (Gaussian) limit theory frequently leads to unreliable statistical inference. This paper shows the novel result that the bootstrap can detect such violation by means of simple and powerful tests which (a) induce no pre-testing bias, (b) can be performed using the same critical values in a broad range of applications, and (c) are consistent against deviations from asymptotic normality. By focusing on the discrepancy between the conditional distri…

The multi-physics analysis, design and testing of CUSP, a CubeSat mission for space weather and solar flares x-ray polarimetry
Giovanni Lombardi, Sergio Fabiani, Ettore Del Monte, Andrea Alimenti, Riccardo Campana, Mauro Centrone, Enrico Costa, Nicolas De Angelis, Giovanni De Cesare, Sergio Di Cosimo, Giuseppe Di Persio, Abhay Kumar, Alessandro Lacerenza, Pasqualino Loffredo, Gabriele Minervini, Fabio Muleri, Paolo Romano, Alda Rubini, Emanuele Scalise, Enrico Silva, Paolo Soffitta, Da…

The multi-physics analysis, design and testing of CUSP, a CubeSat mission for space weather and solar flares x-ray polarimetry
The space-based CUbesat Solar Polarimeter (CUSP) mission aims to measure the linear polarization of solar flares in the hard X-ray band by means of a Compton scattering polarimeter. CUSP is a project in the framework of the Alcor Program of the Italian Space Agency aimed at developing new CubeSat missions. As part of CUSP's Phase B study, which began in December 2024 and will last one year, we present the current development status of the design solutions adopted for the mission's most critical…

Beyond ATE: Multi-Criteria Design for A/B Testing
Jiachun Li, Kaining Shi, David Simchi-Levi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05864 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.05…

Beyond ATE: Multi-Criteria Design for A/B Testing
A/B testing is a widely adopted methodology for estimating conditional average treatment effects (CATEs) in both clinical trials and online platforms. While most existing research has focused primarily on maximizing estimation accuracy, practical applications must also account for additional objectives-most notably welfare or revenue loss. In many settings, it is critical to administer treatments that improve patient outcomes or to implement plans that generate greater revenue from customers. W…

An Ultra-Short Period Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Spanning the Radius Valley Orbiting the Kinematic Thick Disk Star TOI-2345
Yoshi Nike Emilia Eschen, Thomas G. Wilson, Andrea Bonfanti, Carina M. Persson, S\'ergio G. Sousa, Monika Lendl, Alexis Heitzmann, Attila E. Simon, G\"oran Olofsson, Amadeo Castro-Gonz\'alez, Jo Ann Egger, Luca Fossati, Alexander James Mustill, Hugh P. Osborn, Hugo G. Vivien, Yann Alibert, Roi Alonso, Tamas B\'arczy, David Barrado, Susana C. C. B…

An Ultra-Short Period Super-Earth and Sub-Neptune Spanning the Radius Valley Orbiting the Kinematic Thick Disk Star TOI-2345
A crucial chemical link between stars and their orbiting exoplanets is thought to exist. If universal, this connection could affect the formation and evolution of all planets. Therefore, this potential vital link needs testing by characterising exoplanets around chemically-diverse stars. We present the discovery of two planets orbiting the metal-poor, kinematic thick-disk K-dwarf TOI-2345. TOI-2345 b is a super-Earth with a period of 1.05 days and TOI-2345 c is a sub-Neptune with a period of 21…

Improving Sensitivity in A/B Tests: Integrating CUPED with Trimmed Mean Techniques
Kevin Charette, Tristan Boudreault
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03468 https://

Improving Sensitivity in A/B Tests: Integrating CUPED with Trimmed Mean Techniques
Accurate estimation of treatment effects in online A/B testing is challenging with zero-inflated and skewed metrics. Traditional tests, like Welch's t-test, often lack sensitivity with heavy-tailed data due to their reliance on means, as opposed to e.g., percentiles. The Controlled Experiments Using Pre-experiment Data (CUPED) technique improves sensitivity by reducing variance, yet that variance reduction is insufficient for highly skewed metrics. Alternatively, Yuen's t-test uses trimmed mean…

MUSE: Multi-Treatment Experiment Design for Winner Selection and Effect Estimation
Jiachen Xu, Jian Qian, Zijun Gao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04489 https://

MUSE: Multi-Treatment Experiment Design for Winner Selection and Effect Estimation
We study the design of experiments with multiple treatment levels, a setting common in clinical trials and online A/B/n testing. Unlike single-treatment studies, practical analyses of multi-treatment experiments typically first select a winning treatment, and then only estimate the effect therein. Motivated by this analysis paradigm, we propose a design for MUlti-treatment experiments that jointly maximizes the accuracy of winner Selection and effect Estimation (MUSE). Explicitly, we introduce …

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.EP. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.EP/new
[1/1]:
- Testing the Origin of Hot Jupiters with Atmospheric Surveys
Lina D'Aoust, Ben Coull-Neveu, Eve J. Lee, Nicolas B. Cowan