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Comparison of typicality in quantum and classical many-body systems
Peter Reimann, Nicolas Nessi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06795 https://arxiv.org/pdf/251…

Comparison of typicality in quantum and classical many-body systems
Quantum typicality refers to the phenomenon that the expectation values of any given observable are nearly identical for the overwhelming majority of all normalized vectors in a sufficiently high-dimensional Hilbert (sub-)space. As a consequence, we show that the thermal equilibrium fluctuations in many-body quantum systems can be very closely imitated by the purely quantum mechanical uncertainties (quantum fluctuations) of suitably chosen pure states. On the other hand, we find that analogous …