Tootfinder

Envisioning the Distance Ladder in the Era of the Habitable Worlds Observatory
Gagandeep Anand, Meredith Durbin, Rachael Beaton, Joseph Jensen, Adam Riess
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02056

Envisioning the Distance Ladder in the Era of the Habitable Worlds Observatory
The current state-of-the-art cosmic distance ladder requires three rungs--geometric distances, primary indicators, and Type Ia Supernovae--to achieve a 1% measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$. The Habitable Worlds Observatory will have the sensitivity and resolution to reduce this to a two-step measurement, eliminating the third rung entirely and reaching into the Hubble flow with stellar distance indicators such as Cepheid variables and the tip of the red giant branch alone. We discuss the…

Phase Diagram and dynamical phases of self organization of a Bose--Einstein condensate in a transversely pumped red-detuned cavity
Julian Mayr, Maria Laura Staffini, Simon B. J\"ager, Corinna Kollath, Jonathan Keeling
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03445

Phase Diagram and dynamical phases of self organization of a Bose--Einstein condensate in a transversely pumped red-detuned cavity
We study a transversely pumped atomic Bose--Einstein Condensate coupled to a single-mode optical cavity, where effective atom--atom interactions are mediated by pump and cavity photons. A number of experiments and theoretical works have shown the formation of a superradiant state in this setup, where interference of pump and cavity light leads to an optical lattice in which atoms self-consistently organize. This self-organization has been extensively studied using the approximate Dicke model (t…

Lamb-Dicke Dynamics of Interacting Rydberg Atoms Coupled to the Motion of an Optical Tweezer Array
Aslam Parvej, Ludwig Mathey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22669

Lamb-Dicke Dynamics of Interacting Rydberg Atoms Coupled to the Motion of an Optical Tweezer Array
Neutral Rydberg atoms trapped in optical tweezer arrays provide a platform for quantum simulation and computation. In this work, we investigate the Lamb-Dicke dynamics of coupled Rydberg atoms for different trapping frequencies. We model the atomic motion by both internal and motional degrees of freedom, in which the motional states arise due to the oscillation of each atom in optical tweezer traps due to the light-atom interaction. In this setup, the internal states are coupled to a laser ligh…

Magentic-UI: Towards Human-in-the-loop Agentic Systems
Hussein Mozannar, Gagan Bansal, Cheng Tan, Adam Fourney, Victor Dibia, Jingya Chen, Jack Gerrits, Tyler Payne, Matheus Kunzler Maldaner, Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin, Eric Zhu, Griffin Bassman, Jacob Alber, Peter Chang, Ricky Loynd, Friederike Niedtner, Ece Kamar, Maya Murad, Rafah Hosn, Saleema Amershi
http…

Magentic-UI: Towards Human-in-the-loop Agentic Systems
AI agents powered by large language models are increasingly capable of autonomously completing complex, multi-step tasks using external tools. Yet, they still fall short of human-level performance in most domains including computer use, software development, and research. Their growing autonomy and ability to interact with the outside world, also introduces safety and security risks including potentially misaligned actions and adversarial manipulation. We argue that human-in-the-loop agentic sy…

Pseudo-Equilibria, or: How to Stop Worrying About Crypto and Just Analyze the Game
Alexandros Psomas, Athina Terzoglou, Yu Wei, Vassilis Zikas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22089

Pseudo-Equilibria, or: How to Stop Worrying About Crypto and Just Analyze the Game
We consider the problem of a game theorist analyzing a game that uses cryptographic protocols. Ideally, a theorist abstracts protocols as ideal, implementation-independent primitives, letting conclusions in the "ideal world" carry over to the "real world." This is crucial, since the game theorist cannot--and should not be expected to--handle full cryptographic complexity. In today's landscape, the rise of distributed ledgers makes a shared language between cryptography and game theory increasin…

M2-brane indices on Higgs vacua
Chiung Hwang, Chang Lei, Yuezhang Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23764 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.23764

M2-brane indices on Higgs vacua
As an exact count of protected states, the superconformal index provides a powerful probe into holography and quantum aspects of gravity, reproducing the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of supersymmetric AdS black holes in the large-$N$ limit. As a step toward understanding quantum black hole microstates, we study the finite-$N$ index of the 3d ADHM quiver gauge theory, a UV description of the 3d $\mathcal N=8$ SCFT dual to M-theory on AdS$_4 \times S^7$. In this note, we analyze both microcanonical…

ANO : Faster is Better in Noisy Landscape
Adrien Kegreisz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18258 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.18258

ANO : Faster is Better in Noisy Landscape
Stochastic optimizers are central to deep learning, yet widely used methods such as Adam and Adan can degrade in non-stationary or noisy environments, partly due to their reliance on momentum-based magnitude estimates. We introduce Ano, a novel optimizer that decouples direction and magnitude: momentum is used for directional smoothing, while instantaneous gradient magnitudes determine step size. This design improves robustness to gradient noise while retaining the simplicity and efficiency of …

Data-Driven Compute Overlays for Interactive Geographic Simulation and Visualization
Patrick Komon, Gerald Kimmersdorfer, Adam Celarek, Manuela Waldner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23364

Data-Driven Compute Overlays for Interactive Geographic Simulation and Visualization
We present interactive data-driven compute overlays for native and web-based 3D geographic map applications based on WebGPU. Our data-driven overlays are generated in a multi-step compute workflow from multiple data sources on the GPU. We demonstrate their potential by showing results from snow cover and avalanche simulations, where simulation parameters can be adjusted interactively and results are visualized instantly. Benchmarks show that our approach can compute large-scale avalanche simula…

Observation of entanglement in a cold atom analog of cosmological preheating
Victor Gondret, Clothilde Lamirault, Rui Dias, L\'ea Camier, Amaury Micheli, Charlie Leprince, Quentin Marolleau, Jean-Ren\'e Rullier, Scott Robertson, Denis Boiron, Christoph I. Westbrook
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22024

Observation of entanglement in a cold atom analog of cosmological preheating
We observe entanglement between collective excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a configuration analogous to particle production during the preheating phase of the early universe. In our setup, the oscillation of the inflaton field is mimicked by the transverse breathing mode of a cigar-shaped condensate, which parametrically excites longitudinal quasiparticles with opposite momenta. After a short modulation period, we observe entanglement of these pairs which demonstrates that vacuum f…

Athena: Enhancing Multimodal Reasoning with Data-efficient Process Reward Models
Shuai Wang, Zhenhua Liu, Jiaheng Wei, Xuanwu Yin, Dong Li, Emad Barsoum
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09532

Athena: Enhancing Multimodal Reasoning with Data-efficient Process Reward Models
We present Athena-PRM, a multimodal process reward model (PRM) designed to evaluate the reward score for each step in solving complex reasoning problems. Developing high-performance PRMs typically demands significant time and financial investment, primarily due to the necessity for step-level annotations of reasoning steps. Conventional automated labeling methods, such as Monte Carlo estimation, often produce noisy labels and incur substantial computational costs. To efficiently generate high-q…