Tootfinder

Generative AI and the Future of the Digital Commons: Five Open Questions and Knowledge Gaps
Arman Noroozian, Lorena Aldana, Marta Arisi, Hadi Asghari, Renata Avila, Pietro Giovanni Bizzaro, Ramya Chandrasekhar, Cristian Consonni, Deborah De Angelis, Francesca De Chiara, Maria del Rio-Chanona, Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, Maria Eriksson, Frederic Font, Emilia Gomez, Val\'erian Guillier, Lisa Gutermuth, David Hartmann, Lucie-Aim\'ee Kaffee, Paul Keller, Felix Stalder, Joao Vinagre, …

Generative AI and the Future of the Digital Commons: Five Open Questions and Knowledge Gaps
The rapid advancement of Generative AI (GenAI) relies heavily on the digital commons, a vast collection of free and open online content that is created, shared, and maintained by communities. However, this relationship is becoming increasingly strained due to financial burdens, decreased contributions, and misalignment between AI models and community norms. As we move deeper into the GenAI era, it is essential to examine the interdependent relationship between GenAI, the long-term sustainabilit…

User Exploration and Exploitation Behavior Under the Influence of Real-time Interactions in Live Streaming Environments
Akira Matsui, Kazuki Fujikawa, Ryo Sasaki, Ryo Adachi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09138

User Exploration and Exploitation Behavior Under the Influence of Real-time Interactions in Live Streaming Environments
Live streaming platforms offer a distinctive way for users and content creators to interact with each other through real-time communication. While research on user behavior in online platforms has explored how users discover their favorite content from creators and engage with them, the role of real-time features remains unclear. There are open questions as to what commonalities and differences exist in users' relationships with live streaming platforms compared to traditional on-demand style p…

Simulations of Globular Cluster Evolution with Multiple Stellar Populations
Mirek Giersz, Abbas Askar, Arkadiusz Hypki, Jongsuk Hong, Grzegorz Wiktorowicz, Lucas Hellstrom
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06942

Simulations of Globular Cluster Evolution with Multiple Stellar Populations
The formation of stars with light-element abundance variations in globular clusters and the subsequent dynamical evolution of these multiple populations remains an open question. One of the most widely discussed is the AGB scenario, in which chemically processed material from the envelopes of AGB stars mixes with re-accreted primordial gas flowing into the center of the cluster. Based on this scenario, more than two hundred MOCCA simulations of cluster evolution have been carried out, incorpora…

Mind the Gap: From Resolving Theoretical Foundations of Chiral(ity)-Induced Spin Selectivity to Pioneering Implementations in Quantum Sensing
Yan Xi Foo, Aisha Kermiche, Farhan T. Chowdhury, Clarice D. Aiello, Luke D. Smith
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05611

Mind the Gap: From Resolving Theoretical Foundations of Chiral(ity)-Induced Spin Selectivity to Pioneering Implementations in Quantum Sensing
The chiral(ity)-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, where electrons passing through a chiral medium acquire significant spin-polarization at ambient temperatures, has been widely observed experimentally, yet its theoretical foundations remain actively debated. Open questions persist regarding whether CISS originates from helical geometry or more general chirality, and whether a unified mechanism can account for phenomena across solid-state and soft-matter systems, mesoscopic films, and sing…

Using surface plasmons to detect spin inertia
H. Y. Yuan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01627 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.01627…

Using surface plasmons to detect spin inertia
Recent experiments demonstrate that spin dynamics may acquire an inertial effect in a few metallic magnets, deviating from the traditional inertia-free dynamics. It remains an open question to ascertain the physical mechanisms and universality of the spin inertia across diverse magnetic systems. Here, we show that spin inertia generates nutation spin waves in the terahertz regime, which can hybridize with the surface plasmons in two-dimensional (2D) conducting materials such as graphene. By exc…

Average-Case Complexity of Quantum Stabilizer Decoding
Andrey Boris Khesin, Jonathan Z. Lu, Alexander Poremba, Akshar Ramkumar, Vinod Vaikuntanathan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20697

Average-Case Complexity of Quantum Stabilizer Decoding
Random classical linear codes are widely believed to be hard to decode. While slightly sub-exponential time algorithms exist when the coding rate vanishes sufficiently rapidly, all known algorithms at constant rate require exponential time. By contrast, the complexity of decoding a random quantum stabilizer code has remained an open question for quite some time. This work closes the gap in our understanding of the algorithmic hardness of decoding random quantum versus random classical codes. We…

Probing UHECR sources - Constraints from cosmic-ray measurements
Teresa Bister
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20767 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.20767

Probing UHECR sources - Constraints from cosmic-ray measurements
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are the most energetic particles known - and yet their origin is still an open question. However, with the precision and accumulated statistics of the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array, in combination with advancements in theory and modeling - e.g. of the Galactic magnetic field - it is now possible to set solid constraints on the sources of UHECRs. The spectrum and composition measurements above the ankle can be well described by a populati…

Shedding light on dark matter spikes through neutrino-dark matter interactions
Federica Pompa, Manibrata Sen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10983 https://arxiv…

Shedding light on dark matter spikes through neutrino-dark matter interactions
The origin of neutrino mass remains an open question in particle physics. One intriguing possibility is that neutrinos are massless in vacuum but acquire an effective refractive mass through interactions with ultralight dark matter (DM) during propagation. We investigate the capability of the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) to probe such refractive masses using the time-of-flight delays of neutrinos from a galactic core-collapse supernova. Our analysis shows that DUNE can s…

Exceptional flat bands in bipartite non-Hermitian quantum crystals
Juan Pablo Esparza, Vladimir Juricic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10901 https://arxiv.org/…

Exceptional flat bands in bipartite non-Hermitian quantum crystals
Flat bands, in which kinetic energy is quenched and quantum states become macroscopically degenerate, host a rich variety of correlated and topological phases, from unconventional superconductors to fractional Chern insulators. In Hermitian lattices, their formation mechanisms are now well understood, but whether such states persist, and acquire new features in non-Hermitian (NH) quantum crystals, relevant to open and driven systems, has remained an open question. Here we show that the Hermitia…