Tootfinder

The temptation for Trump to join bombing Iran will be great. Israel has full control of Iranian skies, it can destroy targets at will. Trump will like to join "the winning side". The risks seem small , Iran military capabilities are very degraded, also I doubt whether Iran is willing to target US bases in other gulf states they need as friends/allies in the future..
Ofcourse the actual consequences of joining the war are unpredictable, as wars usually are...

Thabit and Williams Numbers Base $b$ as a Sum or Difference of Two $g$-Repdigits
Kou\`essi Norbert Ad\'edji, Marija Bliznac Trebje\v{s}anin, Jelena Ple\v{s}tina
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12906

Thabit and Williams Numbers Base $b$ as a Sum or Difference of Two $g$-Repdigits
We investigate cases where Thabit and Williams numbers in base $b$ can be expressed as the sum or difference of two $g$-repdigits. For specific values of $b$ and $g$, we describe parametric solutions yielding infinitely many solutions for some equations and establish upper bounds for the parameters of the remaining finitely many solutions. As an illustration, we also provide a complete solution for some equations.

Apple-COO Jeff Williams: Tim Cooks rechte Hand geht in Rente
Er galt als "Tim Cooks Tim Cook": Jeff Williams, seit 1998 bei Apple, verlässt den Konzern Ende des Jahres. Ein anderer langjähriger Mitarbeiter übernimmt.

Du willst kostenlos zur #DEM25 und hast Lust, mit anderen jungen Menschen (14-26J.) kreative Projekte in den Sportarten Schach und Minigolf zu entwickeln? Dann melde dich jetzt hier zum Juniorteamtreffen an: https://www.

Supersonic Turbulence in Primordial Halos: A Comparison With and Without The Stream Velocity
Avi Chen, William Lake, Claire E. Williams, Blakesley Burkhart, Smadar Naoz, Shyam H. Menon, Federico Marinacci, Mark Vogelsberger, Naoki Yoshida
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12993

Supersonic Turbulence in Primordial Halos: A Comparison With and Without The Stream Velocity
Turbulence plays a critical role in regulating star formation in molecular clouds and is also observed in simulations of primordial halos that host Population III (Pop III) stars. The relative velocity between baryons and dark matter at the time of recombination is thought to be a source of turbulence in the early universe. In this paper, we study how this stream velocity affects the turbulence inside primordial halos using high-resolution cosmological simulations across the redshift range of $…

Monopoly Pricing with a Public Option
Teddy Mekonnen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12779 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.12779

Monopoly Pricing with a Public Option
This paper examines how a profit-maximizing monopolist competes against a free but capacity-constrained public option. The monopolist strategically restricts its supply beyond standard monopoly levels, thereby intensifying congestion at the public option and increasing consumers' willingness-to-pay for guaranteed access. Expanding the capacity of the public option always reduces producer welfare and, counterintuitively, may also reduce consumer welfare. In contrast, introducing a monopolist to …

ARD-Korrespondentin Willinger: Türkei hat sich als Vermittler bewiesen
Die Türkei habe in den vergangenen Wochen gezeigt, dass sie für die Rolle des Vermittlers zwischen Moskau und Kiew geeignet sei, sagte ARD-Korrespondentin Katharina Willinger in Istanbul. Präsident Erdogan und seine Regierung pflegten gute Kontakte - sowohl zur Ukraine als auch zu Russland. Im Gegensatz zu den USA erkenne die Tür…
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K. Willinger, ARD Istanbul, F. Kellermann, ARD Kiew, B. Blaschke, ARD Moskau, zzt. Köln, zu Gesprächen zwischen Russland und Ukraine
K. Willinger, ARD Istanbul, F. Kellermann, ARD Kiew, B. Blaschke, ARD Moskau, zzt. Köln, zu Gesprächen zwischen Russland und Ukraine

Long; central Massachusetts colonial history
Today on a whim I visited a site in Massachusetts marked as "Huguenot Fort Ruins" on OpenStreetMaps. I drove out with my 4-year-old through increasingly rural central Massachusetts forests & fields to end up on a narrow street near the top of a hill beside a small field. The neighboring houses had huge lawns, some with tractors.
Appropriately for this day and this moment in history, the history of the site turns out to be a microcosm of America. Across the field beyond a cross-shaped stone memorial stood an info board with a few diagrams and some text. The text of the main sign (including typos/misspellings) read:
"""
Town Is Formed
Early in the 1680's, interest began to generate to develop a town in the area west of Natick in the south central part of the Commonwealth that would be suitable for a settlement. A Mr. Hugh Campbell, a Scotch merchant of Boston petitioned the court for land for a colony. At about the same time, Joseph Dudley and William Stoughton also were desirous of obtaining land for a settlement. A claim was made for all lands west of the Blackstone River to the southern land of Massachusetts to a point northerly of the Springfield Road then running southwesterly until it joined the southern line of Massachusetts.
Associated with Dudley and Stoughton was Robert Thompson of London, England, Dr. Daniel Cox and John Blackwell, both of London and Thomas Freak of Hannington, Wiltshire, as proprietors. A stipulation in the acquisition of this land being that within four years thirty families and an orthodox minister settle in the area. An extension of this stipulation was granted at the end of the four years when no group large enough seemed to be willing to take up the opportunity.
In 1686, Robert Thompson met Gabriel Bernor and learned that he was seeking an area where his countrymen, who had fled their native France because of the Edict of Nantes, were desirous of a place to live. Their main concern was to settle in a place that would allow them freedom of worship. New Oxford, as it was the so-named, at that time included the larger part of Charlton, one-fourth of Auburn, one-fifth of Dudley and several square miles of the northeast portion of Southbridge as well as the easterly ares now known as Webster.
Joseph Dudley's assessment that the area was capable of a good settlement probably was based on the idea of the meadows already established along with the plains, ponds, brooks and rivers. Meadows were a necessity as they provided hay for animal feed and other uses by the settlers. The French River tributary books and streams provided a good source for fishing and hunting. There were open areas on the plains as customarily in November of each year, the Indians burnt over areas to keep them free of underwood and brush. It appeared then that this area was ready for settling.
The first seventy-five years of the settling of the Town of Oxford originally known as Manchaug, embraced three different cultures. The Indians were known to be here about 1656 when the Missionary, John Eliott and his partner Daniel Gookin visited in the praying towns. Thirty years later, in 1686, the Huguenots walked here from Boston under the guidance of their leader Isaac Bertrand DuTuffeau. The Huguenot's that arrived were not peasants, but were acknowledged to be the best Agriculturist, Wine Growers, Merchant's, and Manufacter's in France. There were 30 families consisting of 52 people. At the time of their first departure (10 years), due to Indian insurrection, there were 80 people in the group, and near their Meetinghouse/Church was a Cemetery that held 20 bodies. In 1699, 8 to 10 familie's made a second attempt to re-settle, failing after only four years, with the village being completely abandoned in 1704.
The English colonist made their way here in 1713 and established what has become a permanent settlement.
"""
All that was left of the fort was a crumbling stone wall that would have been the base of a higher wooden wall according to a picture of a model (I didn't think to get a shot of that myself). Only trees and brush remain where the multi-story main wooden building was.
This story has so many echoes in the present:
- The rich colonialists from Boston & London agree to settle the land, buying/taking land "rights" from the colonial British court that claimed jurisdiction without actually having control of the land. Whether the sponsors ever actually visited the land themselves I don't know. They surely profited somehow, whether from selling on the land rights later or collecting taxes/rent or whatever, by they needed poor laborers to actually do the work of developing the land (& driving out the original inhabitants, who had no say in the machinations of the Boston court).
- The land deal was on condition that there capital-holders who stood to profit would find settlers to actually do the work of colonizing. The British crown wanted more territory to be controlled in practice not just in theory, but they weren't going to be the ones to do the hard work.
- The capital-holders actually failed to find enough poor suckers to do their dirty work for 4 years, until the Huguenots, fleeing religious persecution in France, were desperate enough to accept their terms.
- Of course, the land was only so ripe for settlement because of careful tending over centuries by the natives who were eventually driven off, and whose land management practices are abandoned today. Given the mention of praying towns (& dates), this was after King Phillip's war, which resulted in at least some forced resettlement of native tribes around the area, but the descendants of those "Indians" mentioned in this sign are still around. For example, this is the site of one local band of Nipmuck, whose namesake lake is about 5 miles south of the fort site: #LandBack.

Estimating Visceral Adiposity from Wrist-Worn Accelerometry
James R. Williamson, Andrew Alini, Brian A. Telfer, Adam W. Potter, Karl E. Friedl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09167

Estimating Visceral Adiposity from Wrist-Worn Accelerometry
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a key marker of both metabolic health and habitual physical activity (PA). Excess VAT is highly correlated with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. The mechanistic basis for this pathophysiology relates to overloading the liver with fatty acids. VAT is also a highly labile fat depot, with increased turnover stimulated by catecholamines during exercise. VAT can be measured with sophisticated imaging technologies, but can also be inferred directly from PA. We …

Constraining resolved extragalactic $R_{21}$ variation with well calibrated ALMA observations
Jakob den Brok, Elias K. Oakes, Adam K. Leroy, Eric W. Koch, Antonio Usero, Erik W. Rosolowsky, Frank Bigiel, Jiayi Sun, Hao He, Ashley T. Barnes, Yixian Cao, Fu-Heng Liang, Hsi-An Pan, Toshiki Saito, Sumit K. Sarbadhicary, Thomas G. Williams
https://…

Constraining resolved extragalactic $R_{21}$ variation with well calibrated ALMA observations
CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) are commonly used as bulk molecular gas tracers. The CO line ratios (especially CO(2-1)/CO(1-0) - $R_{21}$) vary within and among galaxies, yet previous studies on $R_{21}$ and alike often rely on measurements constructed by combining data from facilities with substantial relative calibration uncertainties that have the same order as physical line ratio variations. Hence robustly determining systematic $R_{21}$ variations is challenging. Here, we compare CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) …