Tootfinder

🇺🇦 Auf radioeins läuft...
Fred Again.. feat. Jozzy:
🎵 Ten
#NowPlaying #FredAgain #Jozzy
https://aperturesoundofficial.bandcamp.com/track/fred-again-x-jozzy-ten-aperture-sound-edit
https://open.spotify.com/track/5QOBT97OmYCZo1W5u7tRrB

Revealing Io's Surface using JWST-NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry and Neural Network Deconvolution
J. Sanchez-Bermudez, I. dePater, A. Conrad, A. Sivaramakrishnan, E. Molter, D. Thatte, R. Cooper, K. deKleer, L. Roth
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14720

Revealing Io's Surface using JWST-NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry and Neural Network Deconvolution
Io is one of Jupiter's largest moons and the most volcanically active body in the Solar System. Its very active surface has hot spots produced by volcanic eruptions popping up at seemingly random locations and times. Characterizing the complex surface of Io requires the highest angular resolution available. This work presents the analysis of Aperture Masking Interferometric observations (at 4.3 um) of Io taken with the Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph instrument on the James Webb …

Some selective focus nature shots from a hike down part of the Buckeye Trail in Mogodore, Ohio. Spent a good quality afternoon with my wife, her cousin and our dog just getting lost in the woods.
All taken with the Nikon d3400 in aperture priority, lens wide open. ISO 400.
#photography

Cosmology from a joint analysis of second and third order shear statistics with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Year 3 data
Sunao Sugiyama, Rafael C. H. Gomes, Bhuvnesh Jain
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14019

Cosmology from a joint analysis of second and third order shear statistics with Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Year 3 data
We present a joint cosmological analysis of the two-point correlation function and the aperture-mass skewness measured from the Year 3 data of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-Y3). The aperture-mass skewness is a compressed representation of three-point shear information, designed to capture non-Gaussian features while keeping the data vector computationally tractable. We find that including the aperture-mass skewness improves the $S_8$-$Ω_m$ figure of merit by 80% compared …

Tools for High Precision Photometry from Wide-Field Color Images
Kaloyan Penev, Angel Romero, S. Javad Jafarzadeh, Olivier Guyon, Wilfred Gee, Preethi Krishnamoorthy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14289

Tools for High Precision Photometry from Wide-Field Color Images
We present AstroWISP: a collection of image processing tools for source extraction, background determination, point spread function/pixel response function fitting, and aperture photometry. AstroWISP is particularly well-suited for working with detectors featuring a Bayer mask (an array of microfilters applied to each detector pixel to allow color photography), such as consumer DSLR cameras. Such detectors pose significant challenges for existing tools while offering a much cheaper alternative …

The Missing Giant: Do FAST Spectroscopic Observations Reveal a Scarcity of Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Astronomical Environments?
Yi Shao, Yong Zhang, Xu-Jia Ouyang, Chuan-Peng Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15302

The Missing Giant: Do FAST Spectroscopic Observations Reveal a Scarcity of Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Astronomical Environments?
The search for large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with over 100 carbon atoms is crucial to resolving the origin of unidentified infrared emission (UIE) bands. These bands are commonly observed in nebulae and the interstellar medium, yet their spectroscopic assignment has remained unknown for decades. Using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), the world's most sensitive instrument operating in the decimeter-wavelength range, we conducted a search for rotat…

from my link log —
Homemade polarimetric synthetic aperture radar drone.
https://hforsten.com/homemade-polarimetric-synthetic-aperture-radar-drone.html
saved 2025-02-14

Behold the Very First Color Photograph (1861): Taken by Scottish Physicist & Poet James Clerk Maxwell
https://flip.it/ZdV70o

Behold the Very First Color Photograph (1861): Taken by Scottish Physicist & Poet James Clerk Maxwell
Since its ancient origins as the camera obscura, the photographic camera has always mimicked the human eye, allowing light to enter an aperture, then projecting an image upside down. Renaissance artists relied on the camera obscura to sharpen their own visual perspectives.

Research on Ultrasonic Imaging Systems Based on Scattering Field Theory
Kai Yabumoto, Takayoshi Yumii, Kenjiro Kimura
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14469 https://

Research on Ultrasonic Imaging Systems Based on Scattering Field Theory
In an ultrasonic array system, increasing the aperture size to achieve a high resolution requires more transmit and receive channels, thus making it essential to have an analysis technique that can reconstruct the shape and physical properties of scatterers in a finite time based on measurement data obtained from numerous ultrasonic elements. Herein, we developed an ultrasound imaging technique using a two-dimensional ultrasonic array system comprising N^2 transmitter/receiver pairs and a techn…

Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, Radar Cross Section, and Iterative Smooth Reweighting $\ell_1$-minimization
Christer Larsson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10536 https://

Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, Radar Cross Section, and Iterative Smooth Reweighting $\ell_1$-minimization
Radar Cross Section measurement data is often analyzed using Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar images. This paper compares backprojection and iterative smooth reweighted $\ell_1$-minimization as methods to analyze radar cross section measurements and extract radar cross section for parts of the measured object. The main conclusion is that using backprojection images to extract RCS is robust and accurate but is more limited by the resolution than iterative smooth reweighted $\ell_1$-minimization.…

Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological constraints from second and third-order shear statistics
R. C. H. Gomes, S. Sugiyama, B. Jain, M. Jarvis, D. Anbajagane, A. Halder, G. A. Marques, S. Pandey, J. Marshall, A. Alarcon, A. Amon, K. Bechtol, M. Becker, G. Bernstein, A. Campos, R. Cawthon, C. Chang, R. Chen, A. Choi, J. Cordero, C. Davis, J. Derose, S. Dodelson, C. Doux, K. Eckert, F. Elsner, J. Elvin-Poole, S. Everett, A. Fert\'e, M. Gatti, G. Giannini, D. Gruen, I. Harri…

Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological constraints from second and third-order shear statistics
We present a cosmological analysis of the third-order aperture mass statistic using Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3) data. We perform a complete tomographic measurement of the three-point correlation function of the Y3 weak lensing shape catalog with the four fiducial source redshift bins. Building upon our companion methodology paper, we apply a pipeline that combines the two-point function $ξ_{\pm}$ with the mass aperture skewness statistic $\langle M_{\rm ap}^3\rangle$, which is an effici…

Multiwavelength Observations of the Apparently Non-repeating FRB 20250316A
Ye Li, Hui Sun, Lei Qian, Dong-Yue Li, Yan-Long Hua, Li-Ping Xin, Cheng-Kui Li, Yi-Han Wang, Jia-Rui Niu, Tian-Rui Sun, Zhu-Heng Yao, Jin-Jun Geng, Chi-Chuan Jin, Nanda Rea, Yuan Liu, Zhi-Chen Pan, Tao An, Vadim Burwitz, Zhi-Ming Cai, Jin-Huang Cao, Yong Chen, Hua-Qing Cheng, Wei-Wei Cui, Hua Feng, Peter Friedrich, Da-Wei Han, Jing-Wei Hu, Lei Hu, Yu-Xiang Huang, Shu-Mei Jia, Ji-An Jiang, Bin Li, Feng Li, Ming L…

Multiwavelength Observations of the Apparently Non-repeating FRB 20250316A
The physical origin of fast radio bursts (FRBs) remains uncertain. Although multiwavelength observations offer critical diagnostics and have been widely conducted, only Galactic FRB~20200428D is associated with an X-ray burst from the magnetar SGR J1935+2154. Here, we present multiwavelength follow-up observations of the nearby bright FRB~20250316A, including the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), Einstein Probe (EP) X-ray mission, Chandra X-ray Observatory, Wide Fiel…

Active InSAR monitoring of building damage in Gaza during the Israel-Hamas War
Corey Scher, Jamon Van Den Hoek
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14730 https://

Active InSAR monitoring of building damage in Gaza during the Israel-Hamas War
Aerial bombardment of the Gaza Strip beginning October 7, 2023 is one of the most intense bombing campaigns of the twenty-first century, driving widespread urban damage. Characterizing damage over a geographically dynamic and protracted armed conflict requires active monitoring. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has precedence for mapping disaster-induced damage with bi-temporal methods but applications to active monitoring during sustained crises are limited. Using interferometric SAR data from S…

🇺🇦 Auf radioeins läuft...
Fred Again.. feat. Jozzy:
🎵 Ten
#NowPlaying #FredAgain #Jozzy
https://aperturesoundofficial.bandcamp.com/track/fred-again-x-jozzy-ten-aperture-sound-edit
https://open.spotify.com/track/5QOBT97OmYCZo1W5u7tRrB

Inverse Synthetic Aperture Fourier Ptychography
Matthew A. Chan, Casey J. Pellizzari, Christopher A. Metzler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03733 https://

Inverse Synthetic Aperture Fourier Ptychography
Fourier ptychography (FP) is a powerful light-based synthetic aperture imaging technique that allows one to reconstruct a high-resolution, wide field-of-view image by computationally integrating a diverse collection of low-resolution, far-field measurements. Typically, FP measurement diversity is introduced by changing the angle of the illumination or the position of the camera; either approach results in sampling different portions of the target's spatial frequency content, but both approaches…

DeepAP: Deep Learning-based Aperture Photometry Feasibility Assessment and Aperture Size Prediction
Zheng-Jun Du, Qing-Quan Li, Yi-Cheng Rui, Yu-Li Liu, Yu-Ting Wu, Dong Li, Bing-Feng Seng, Yi-Fan Xuan, Fa-Bo Feng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03400

DeepAP: Deep Learning-based Aperture Photometry Feasibility Assessment and Aperture Size Prediction
Aperture photometry is a fundamental technique widely used to obtain high-precision light curves in optical survey projects like Tianyu. However, its effectiveness is limited in crowded fields, and the choice of aperture size critically impacts photometric precision. To address these challenges, we propose DeepAP, an efficient and accurate two-stage deep learning framework for aperture photometry. Specifically, for a given source, we first train a Vision Transformer (ViT) model to assess its fe…

First Steps Toward the Development of a Straight-Line Reference Alignment System for Future Accelerators at CERN Using Pseudo-Nondiffracting Layer Beams
Martin Du\v{s}ek, Sebastian Figura, Jakub Michal Polak, Solomon William Kamugasa, Dirk Mergelkuhl, Witold Niewiem, \v{S}t\v{e}p\'an Kunc, Jean-Christophe Gayde, Miroslav \v{S}ulc
https://

First Steps Toward the Development of a Straight-Line Reference Alignment System for Future Accelerators at CERN Using Pseudo-Nondiffracting Layer Beams
This paper presents experimental results that allow for the performance evaluation of a straight-line reference alignment system based on pseudo-nondiffracting Layer beams. Sensors, developed specifically for this system, feature four linear CMOS chips and a square aperture. This allows for simultaneous measurements along the beam path without disrupting the laser reference. Measurements, conducted over a distance of 2 m from the first to the last sensor, were compared with a laser tracker meas…

Deriving physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. IX. Sky background effects in the aperture photometry
Karolis Daugevi\v{c}ius, Rima Stonkut\.e, Eimantas Kri\v{s}\v{c}i\=unas, Erikas Cic\.enas, Vladas Vansevi\v{c}ius
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09622

Deriving physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. IX. Sky background effects in the aperture photometry
The aperture photometry method is a powerful tool that enables us to study large star cluster systems efficiently. However, its accuracy depends on various factors, including the stochasticity of the stellar initial mass function and variations in the sky background. Previously, in the eighth paper of this series, we established the best achievable limits of the aperture photometry method for star cluster studies in the local universe. The aim of this study is to determine how the sky backgroun…

Optimizing Aperture Geometry in THz-TDS for Accurate Spectroscopy of Quantum Materials
Laura O. Dias, Eduardo D. Stefanato, Nicolas M. Kawahala, Felix G. G. Hernandez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08609

Optimizing Aperture Geometry in THz-TDS for Accurate Spectroscopy of Quantum Materials
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) provides a powerful platform for investigating low-energy excitations in quantum materials. Because these materials are often limited in size, experimental setups typically rely on tightly focused beams and metallic holders with small apertures. In this work, we perform a systematic study of how aperture geometry influences THz signal transmission in a standard free-space configuration. By analyzing time- and frequency-domain data for circular apertu…

New scattering zones in quantum speckle propagation
Shaurya Aarav, S. A. Wadood, Jason W Fleischer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08408 https://

New scattering zones in quantum speckle propagation
Quantum speckles exhibit significantly richer behavior than their classical counterparts due to their higher dimensionality. A simple example is the far-field speckle pattern in 1D light scattering: classical light forms 1D speckles defined by the numerical aperture, whereas biphoton scattering depends in addition on the photon correlation length, forming 2D elliptical speckles. To date, the behavior of quantum speckles for shorter propagation distances has not been considered. We remedy this h…

Implicit Neural Representation of Beamforming for Continuous Aperture Array (CAPA) System
Shiyong Chen, Jia Guo, Shengqian Han
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03609

Implicit Neural Representation of Beamforming for Continuous Aperture Array (CAPA) System
In this paper, a learning-based approach for optimizing downlink beamforming in continuous aperture array (CAPA) systems is proposed, where a MIMO scenario that both the base station (BS) and the user are equipped with CAPA is considered. As the beamforming in the CAPA system is a function that maps a coordinate on the aperture to the beamforming weight at the coordinate, a DNN called BeaINR is proposed to parameterize this function, which is called implicit neural representation (INR). We furt…

Integrated Communication and Remote Sensing in LEO Satellite Systems: Protocol, Architecture and Prototype
Yichao Xu, Xiaoming Chen, Ming Ying, Zhaoyang Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10317

Integrated Communication and Remote Sensing in LEO Satellite Systems: Protocol, Architecture and Prototype
In this paper, we explore the integration of communication and synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-based remote sensing in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems to provide real-time SAR imaging and information transmission. Considering the high-mobility characteristics of satellite channels and limited processing capabilities of satellite payloads, we propose an integrated communication and remote sensing architecture based on an orthogonal delay-Doppler division multiplexing (ODDM) signal wavefor…

Multiple Object Tracking in Video SAR: A Benchmark and Tracking Baseline
Haoxiang Chen, Wei Zhao, Rufei Zhang, Nannan Li, Dongjin Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12105

Multiple Object Tracking in Video SAR: A Benchmark and Tracking Baseline
In the context of multi-object tracking using video synthetic aperture radar (Video SAR), Doppler shifts induced by target motion result in artifacts that are easily mistaken for shadows caused by static occlusions. Moreover, appearance changes of the target caused by Doppler mismatch may lead to association failures and disrupt trajectory continuity. A major limitation in this field is the lack of public benchmark datasets for standardized algorithm evaluation. To address the above challenges,…

Multi-Functional Polarization-Based Coverage Control through Static Passive EMSs
Giacomo Oliveri, Francesco Zardi, Aaron Angel Salas Sanchez, Andrea Massa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10730

Multi-Functional Polarization-Based Coverage Control through Static Passive EMSs
An innovative multi-functional static-passive electromagnetic skin (SP-EMS) solution is proposed to simultaneously support, in reflection, two independent wave-manipulation functionalities with a single meta-atoms arrangement on the EMS aperture when illuminated by two EM sources operating at the same frequency, but working in different polarization states. Towards this end, a simple reference meta-atom is designed first to enable an accurate and independent control of each polarization compone…

SAR-GS: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Synthetic Aperture Radar Target Reconstruction
Aobo Li, Zhengxin Lei, Jiangtao Wei, Feng Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21633

SAR-GS: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Synthetic Aperture Radar Target Reconstruction
Three-dimensional target reconstruction from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is crucial for interpreting complex scattering information in SAR data. However, the intricate electromagnetic scattering mechanisms inherent to SAR imaging pose significant reconstruction challenges. Inspired by the remarkable success of 3D Gaussian Splatting (3D-GS) in optical domain reconstruction, this paper presents a novel SAR Differentiable Gaussian Splatting Rasterizer (SDGR) specifically designed for SA…

Ratchet effect and jamming in dense mixtures of active and passive colloids in narrow pores
Frantisek Slanina, Miroslav Kotrla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09672 https://

Ratchet effect and jamming in dense mixtures of active and passive colloids in narrow pores
Using the framework of generalized exclusion processes we study mixtures of passive and active particles interacting by steric repulsion. The particles move in a pore with periodically modulated aperture, which is modeled by a quasi-one-dimensional channel with periodic tooth-shaped profile. Internal driving of the active particles induces a ratchet current of these particles. In the current-density diagram, we observe three main regimes: of free flow; of thermally activated processes; of spino…

Some interesting fungi from our hike today at Huston-Brumbaugh woods. Playing around with selective focus, aperture priority with the lens wide open.
#photography #macrophotography

Deriving physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. VIII. Limits of aperture photometry for star cluster studies
Karolis Daugevi\v{c}ius, Eimantas Kri\v{s}\v{c}i\=unas, Erikas Cic\.enas, Rima Stonkut\.e, Vladas Vansevi\v{c}ius
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08674

Deriving physical parameters of unresolved star clusters. VIII. Limits of aperture photometry for star cluster studies
Recently, it has been noticed that the discrepancies in the integrated colour indices (CIs) between star clusters and models are mostly due to the projection of bright stars in the apertures. In order to reduce this problem, the method of adaptive aperture photometry has been proposed. This method has been applied to star clusters from the M 31 Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT) survey, and studies show that the adaptive aperture photometry performs better than the conventional appro…

Aperture limitation localization using beam position and beam loss monitor measurements
Yu. Maltseva, I. Morozov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03333 https://

Aperture limitation localization using beam position and beam loss monitor measurements
The efficiency of beam injection in circular accelerators can be impacted by unknown aperture limitations in the vacuum chamber. These limitations can be detected by introducing localized distortions to the closed orbit of the circulating beam observed at beam position monitors (BPMs). The localized nature of introduced closed orbit distortions enables targeted identification of loss regions. In this paper, we present a method for localizing beam losses designed primarily for circular electron …

FAST Pulsar Database: II. Scattering profiles of 122 Pulsars
W. C. Jing, J. L. Han, C. Wang, P. F. Wang, T. Wang, N. N. Cai, J. Xu, Z. L. Yang, D. J. Zhou, Yi Yan, W. Q. Su, X. Y. Gao, L. Xie
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14519

FAST Pulsar Database: II. Scattering profiles of 122 Pulsars
The turbulent ionized interstellar medium diffracts radio waves and makes them propagate in multiple paths. The pulse-broadening observed at low frequencies results from the scattering effect of interstellar clouds of ionized gas. During the Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey and other projects by using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), we detect the pulse-broadening for 122 pulsars in the radio frequency band between 1.0 and 1.5 GHz, including 60 newly…

Sensing Accuracy Optimization for Multi-UAV SAR Interferometry with Data Offloading
Mohamed-Amine Lahmeri, Pouya Fakharizadeh, V\'ictor Mustieles-P\'erez, Martin Vossiek, Gerhard Krieger, Robert Schober
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11284

Sensing Accuracy Optimization for Multi-UAV SAR Interferometry with Data Offloading
The integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with radar imaging sensors has revolutionized the monitoring of dynamic and local Earth surface processes by enabling high-resolution and cost-effective remote sensing. This paper investigates the optimization of the sensing accuracy of a UAV swarm deployed to perform multi-baseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) sensing. In conventional single-baseline InSAR systems, only one synthetic aperture radar (SAR) antenna pair acquir…

First Constraint on Axion-Photon Coupling $g_{\gamma}$ from Neutron Star Observations
Jun-Chen Wang, Shunshun Cao, Jinchen Jiang, Yandong Liu, Qing-Hong Cao, Lijing Shao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07546

First Constraint on Axion-Photon Coupling $g_γ$ from Neutron Star Observations
We propose a novel method to detect axions which uniquely depends on the dimensionless axion-photon coupling $g_γ$, independent of the suppressive axion decay constant $f_a$. Using neutron star PSR B1919+21 data from the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, we derive the first constraint $|g_γ|<0.93$ at $1σ$ confidence level for ultra-light axions ($m_a < 10^{-11}$ eV).

Design of an all-facet illuminator for high NA EUV lithography exposure tool based on deep reinforcement learning
Tong Li, Yuqing Chen, Yanqiu Li, Lihui Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15558

Design of an all-facet illuminator for high NA EUV lithography exposure tool based on deep reinforcement learning
Using the illuminator for high numerical aperture (NA) extreme ultraviolet (EUV) exposure tool in EUV lithography can lead to support volume production of sub-2 nm logic nodes and leading-edge DRAM nodes. However, the typical design method of the illuminator has issues with the transmission owing to the limitation of optical structure that cannot further reduce process parameter k1, and uniformity due to the restriction of matching method that can only consider one factor affecting uniformity. …

Lightweight CNNs for Embedded SAR Ship Target Detection and Classification
Fabian Kresse, Georgios Pilikos, Mario Azcueta, Nicolas Floury
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10712 https:…

Lightweight CNNs for Embedded SAR Ship Target Detection and Classification
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data enables large-scale surveillance of maritime vessels. However, near-real-time monitoring is currently constrained by the need to downlink all raw data, perform image focusing, and subsequently analyze it on the ground. On-board processing to generate higher-level products could reduce the data volume that needs to be downlinked, alleviating bandwidth constraints and minimizing latency. However, traditional image focusing and processing algorithms face challen…

🇺🇦 Auf radioeins läuft...
Fred Again.. feat. Jozzy:
🎵 Ten
#NowPlaying #FredAgain #Jozzy
https://aperturesoundofficial.bandcamp.com/track/fred-again-x-jozzy-ten-aperture-sound-edit
https://open.spotify.com/track/5QOBT97OmYCZo1W5u7tRrB

Deep learning image burst stacking to reconstruct high-resolution ground-based solar observations
Christoph Schirninger, Robert Jarolim, Astrid M. Veronig, Christoph Kuckein
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04781

Deep learning image burst stacking to reconstruct high-resolution ground-based solar observations
Large aperture ground based solar telescopes allow the solar atmosphere to be resolved in unprecedented detail. However, observations are limited by Earths turbulent atmosphere, requiring post image corrections. Current reconstruction methods using short exposure bursts face challenges with strong turbulence and high computational costs. We introduce a deep learning approach that reconstructs 100 short exposure images into one high quality image in real time. Using unpaired image to image trans…

Aligning visual imagery to the operator improves geospatial situation awareness in a single-display 360-degree periscope concept https://cognitiveresearchjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41235-025-00646-1

Aligning visual imagery to the operator improves geospatial situation awareness in a single-display 360-degree periscope concept - Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications
Technological advances mean that it is now possible to represent the entire 360° view of the horizon to a submarine periscope operator simultaneously, in strips on a single display, as opposed to the restricted view offered through a conventional periscope aperture. Initial research showing performance improvements for such panoramic displays is promising. However, that research has yet to consider the importance of alignment between the visual representation of the environment on the periscop…

Learned Off-aperture Encoding for Wide Field-of-view RGBD Imaging
Haoyu Wei, Xin Liu, Yuhui Liu, Qiang Fu, Wolfgang Heidrich, Edmund Y. Lam, Yifan Peng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22523

Learned Off-aperture Encoding for Wide Field-of-view RGBD Imaging
End-to-end (E2E) designed imaging systems integrate coded optical designs with decoding algorithms to enhance imaging fidelity for diverse visual tasks. However, existing E2E designs encounter significant challenges in maintaining high image fidelity at wide fields of view, due to high computational complexity, as well as difficulties in modeling off-axis wave propagation while accounting for off-axis aberrations. In particular, the common approach of placing the encoding element into the apert…

Polarization Studies of Black Widows PSRs B1957 20, J2055 3829 and J1544 4937
S. Q. Wang, N. Wang, S. Dai, G. Hobbs, R. Luo, J. B. Wang, A. Zic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12272

Polarization Studies of Black Widows PSRs B1957+20, J2055+3829 and J1544+4937
We present an analysis of the polarization of three black widow pulsars, PSRs B1957+20, J2055+3829 and J1544+4937 at 1250\,MHz using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Radio eclipses for PSRs B1957+20 and J2055+3829 are detected, while the radio emission for J1544+4937 is detected throughout the eclipse. We study the polarization and dispersion measure properties of the pulsars near and during the eclipse. The position angle of the linear polarization is observed …

Aspheric lens design proposal for near-perfect mode-matching of a broadband quantum dot micropillar to a single-mode fibre
Yichen Zhang, David Dlaka, James McDougall, James Y Tai, Petros Androvitsaneas, Edmund Harbord, Ruth Oulton, Andrew B. Young
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06223

Aspheric lens design proposal for near-perfect mode-matching of a broadband quantum dot micropillar to a single-mode fibre
Quantum dots in micropillars are one of the most promising options for a bright, deterministic single photon source. While highly efficient devices (>95%) have been designed, there remains a significant bottleneck that impacts the overall system efficiency: the large numerical aperture of the output mode. This leads to inefficient coupling of emitted photons into single-mode fibre, thus limiting practical integration into quantum computing and communication architectures. We show that with the …

A Divide-and-Conquer Tiling Method for the Design of Large Aperiodic Phased Arrays
Nicola Anselmi, Paolo Rocca, Giovanni Toso, Andrea Massa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09682 http…

A Divide-and-Conquer Tiling Method for the Design of Large Aperiodic Phased Arrays
Due to the growing request from modern wireless applications of cost-affordable and high-gain scanning antenna solutions, the design of large phased arrays (PAs) with radiating elements organized into modular clusters with sub-array-only amplitude and phase control is a key topic. In this paper, an innovative irregular tiling method is proposed where, according to a divide-and-conquer strategy, the antenna aperture is subdivided into sub-areas that are locally domino-tiled by jointly fulfilling…

Distributed Integrated Sensing, Localization, and Communications over LEO Satellite Constellations
Yuchen Zhang, Francis Soualle, Musa Furkan Keskin, Yuan Liu, Linlong Wu, Jos\'e A. del Peral-Rosado, Bhavani Shankar M. R., Gonzalo Seco-Granados, Henk Wymeersch, Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11029

Distributed Integrated Sensing, Localization, and Communications over LEO Satellite Constellations
Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are rapidly becoming essential enablers of next-generation wireless systems, offering global broadband access, high-precision localization, and reliable sensing beyond terrestrial coverage. However, the inherent limitations of individual LEO satellites, including restricted power, limited antenna aperture, and constrained onboard processing, hinder their ability to meet the growing demands of 6G applications. To address these challenges, this artic…

All-Angle Scanning Leaky-Wave Antennas and Surface-Wave Routing by Reconfigurable Metasurfaces
Yongming Li, Xikui Ma, Viktar Asadchy, Sergei A. Tretyakov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14954

All-Angle Scanning Leaky-Wave Antennas and Surface-Wave Routing by Reconfigurable Metasurfaces
In this work, we show that propagating waves can be fully converted into surface waves and back using geometrically periodic arrays of simple electrically small metal elements loaded by adjustable reactive loads. The proposed approach allows the creation of all-angle scanning leaky-wave antennas with perfect or even superdirective aperture efficiency at all scan angles. Moreover, it is possible to co-design such leaky-wave antenna arrays with surface-wave waveguides that can guide the received …

An Interpretable Two-Stage Feature Decomposition Method for Deep Learning-based SAR ATR
Chenwei Wang, Renjie Xu, Congwen Wu, Cunyi Yin, Ziyun Liao, Deqing Mao, Sitong Zhang, Hong Yan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09377

An Interpretable Two-Stage Feature Decomposition Method for Deep Learning-based SAR ATR
Synthetic aperture radar automatic target recognition (SAR ATR) has seen significant performance improvements with deep learning. However, the black-box nature of deep SAR ATR introduces low confidence and high risks in decision-critical SAR applications, hindering practical deployment. To address this issue, deep SAR ATR should provide an interpretable reasoning basis $r_b$ and logic $λ_w$, forming the reasoning logic $\sum_{i} {{r_b^i} \times {λ_w^i}} =pred$ behind the decisions. Therefore,…

Spiking Neural Networks for SAR Interferometric Phase Unwrapping: A Theoretical Framework for Energy-Efficient Processing
Marc Bara
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20782

Spiking Neural Networks for SAR Interferometric Phase Unwrapping: A Theoretical Framework for Energy-Efficient Processing
We present the first theoretical framework for applying spiking neural networks (SNNs) to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometric phase unwrapping. Despite extensive research in both domains, our comprehensive literature review confirms that SNNs have never been applied to phase unwrapping, representing a significant gap in current methodologies. As Earth observation data volumes continue to grow exponentially (with missions like NISAR expected to generate 100PB in two years) energy-effi…

Imaging 3D Printed Fracture Networks under Stress using X-Ray Computed Tomography
A. Patsoukis Dimou, Q. Lei, N. Watanabe, A. Suzuki
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06541 https://

Imaging 3D Printed Fracture Networks under Stress using X-Ray Computed Tomography
We present a novel experimental approach based on 3D printing and X-ray computed tomography to characterize fracture aperture distribution and evolution in 3D fracture networks under varying stress loading conditions. We validate our methodology by comparing experimentally measured stress-dependent fracture apertures with both analytical solutions and numerical simulations, for both single fracture and fracture network scenarios. We show that, for fracture deformation under linear elastic regim…

Degrees of Freedom of Spatial Multiplexing in Distance Domain of Arbitrary Continuous-Aperture Array in Near-Field Region
Son T. Duong, Tho Le-Ngoc
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01227

Degrees of Freedom of Spatial Multiplexing in Distance Domain of Arbitrary Continuous-Aperture Array in Near-Field Region
Extremely large aperture array operating in the near-field regime unlocks additional spatial resources that can be exploited to simultaneously serve multiple users even when they share the same angular direction, a capability not achievable in conventional far-field systems. A fundamental question, however, remains: What is the maximum spatial degree of freedom (DoF) of spatial multiplexing in the distance domain? In this paper, we address this open problem by investigating the spatial DoF of…

Relativistic Oscillating Window Driven by an Intense Laguerre Gaussian Laser Pulse
Yao Meng, Runze Li, Longqing Yi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21407 https:/…

Relativistic Oscillating Window Driven by an Intense Laguerre Gaussian Laser Pulse
High-order harmonic generation by the diffraction of an intense Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) laser beam through a small aperture is studied. It is found that the 2D peripheral electron dynamics on the rim can facilitate complex interplay between the spin and orbital angular momentum interaction, which leads to distinct selection rules for LG pulses with different polarization states. In particular, when the driver is linearly polarized, the harmonic beams no longer follow a simple orbital angular mom…

Application of quantum machine learning using variational quantum classifier in accelerator physics
He-Xing Yin, Zhi-Yuan Hu, Huan-Huan Zeng, Jia-Bao Guan, Ji-ke Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06662

Application of quantum machine learning using variational quantum classifier in accelerator physics
Quantum machine learning algorithms aim to take advantage of quantum computing to improve classical machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we have applied a quantum machine learning algorithm, the variational quantum classifier for the first time in accelerator physics. Specifically, we utilized the variational quantum classifier to evaluate the dynamic aperture of a diffraction-limited storage ring. It has been demonstrated that the variational quantum classifier can achieve good accuracy…

Towed Movable Antenna (ToMA) Array for Ultra Secure Airborne Communications
Lipeng Zhu, Haobin Mao, Wenyan Ma, Zhenyu Xiao, Jun Zhang, Rui Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01229

Towed Movable Antenna (ToMA) Array for Ultra Secure Airborne Communications
This paper proposes a novel towed movable antenna (ToMA) array architecture to enhance the physical layer security of airborne communication systems. Unlike conventional onboard arrays with fixed-position antennas (FPAs), the ToMA array employs multiple subarrays mounted on flexible cables and towed by distributed drones, enabling agile deployment in three-dimensional (3D) space surrounding the central aircraft. This design significantly enlarges the effective array aperture and allows dynamic …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.00909 has been replaced.
link: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=a

Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (AtLAST) Science: Resolving the Hot and Ionized Universe through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
An omnipresent feature of the multi-phase ``cosmic web'' is that warm/hot (>$10^5$ K) ionized gas pervades it. This gas constitutes a relevant contribution to the overall universal matter budget across multiple scales, from the several tens of Mpc-scale IGM filaments, to the Mpc ICM, all the way down to the CGM surrounding individual galaxies from ~1 kpc up to their respective virial radii (~100 kpc). The study of the hot baryonic component of cosmic matter density represents a powerful means f…

Bias-Switchable Row-Column Array Imaging using Fast Orthogonal Row-Column Electronic Scanning (FORCES) Compared with Conventional Row-Column Array Imaging
Randy Palamar, Mohammad Rahim Sobhani, Darren Dahunsi, Negar Majidi, Afshin Kashani Ilkhechi, Joy Wang, Jeremy Brown, Roger Zemp
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10958

Bias-Switchable Row-Column Array Imaging using Fast Orthogonal Row-Column Electronic Scanning (FORCES) Compared with Conventional Row-Column Array Imaging
Row-Column Arrays (RCAs) offer an attractive alternative to fully wired 2D-arrays for 3D-ultrasound, due to their greatly simplified wiring. However, conventional RCAs face challenges related to their long elements. These include an inability to image beyond the shadow of the aperture and an inability to focus in both transmit and receive for desired scan planes. To address these limitations, we recently developed bias-switchable RCAs, also known as Top Orthogonal to Bottom Electrode (TOBE) arr…

Meta-heuristic design of a light-weight homologous backup structure of the primary reflector for the Large Submillimeter Telescope
Chihiro Imamura, Yoichi Tamura, Hiroaki Kawamura, Toshiaki Kimura, Akio Taniguchi, Mikio Kurita
#toXiv_bot_toot

Revisiting Fourier-Based Reflection Spectrum Measurement in Coherence Scanning Interferometry
Cheng Chen, Sotero Ordones, Jeremy Coupland, Rong Su
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12866

Revisiting Fourier-Based Reflection Spectrum Measurement in Coherence Scanning Interferometry
Recent advancements have extended the capabilities of coherence scanning interferometry (CSI) beyond surface topography measurement to reflectivity spectrum imaging. It is commonly accepted that the one-dimensional(1-D) Fourier magnitude of a pixel-wise CSI signal is proportional to the product of the sample's absolute reflection coefficient spectrum and the light source spectrum. However, this assumption holds true only for low numerical aperture (NA) CSI systems. In this work, we establish a …

Searching for radio pulses from radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars with FAST
S. Q. Wang, S. Dai, N. Wang, A. Zic, G. Hobbs, D. Li, R. B. Ding, L. Peng, Z. C. Pan, S. B. Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10565

Searching for radio pulses from radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars with FAST
We present periodicity and single-pulse searches at 1250 MHz for 22 radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars, conducted using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST). For PSR J1813$-$1246, we successfully detected pulsed signals with a spin period of 48.08 ms and a dispersion measure of 209.85 ${\rm pc cm^{-3}}$, consistent with the spin period measured at gamma-ray wavelengths. The estimated flux density is approximately 9 $μ$Jy. For the remaining 21 sources, no radio emission w…

A Fast and Accurate 3-D Reconstruction Algorithm for Near-Range Microwave Imaging with Handheld Synthetic Aperture Radar
Lei Wang, Xianxun Yao, Tiancheng Song, Guolin Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23568

A Fast and Accurate 3-D Reconstruction Algorithm for Near-Range Microwave Imaging with Handheld Synthetic Aperture Radar
The design of image reconstruction algorithms for near-range handheld synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems has gained increasing popularity due to the promising performance of portable millimeter-wave (MMW) imaging devices in various application fields. Time domain imaging algorithms including the backprojection algorithm (BPA) and the Kirchhoff migration algorithm (KMA) are widely adopted due to their direct applicability to arbitrary scan trajectories. However, they suffer from time complex…

MINDS. Young binary systems with JWST/MIRI: Variable water-rich primaries and extended emission
Nicolas T. Kurtovic, Sierra L. Grant, Milou Temmink, Andrew D. Sellek, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Thomas Henning, Inga Kamp, Valentin Christiaens, Andrea Banzatti, Danny Gasman, Till Kaeufer, Lucas M. Stapper, Riccardo Franceschi, Manuel G\"udel, Pierre-Olivier Lagage, Marissa Vlasblom, Giulia Perotti, Kamber Schwarz, Alice Somigliana

MINDS. Young binary systems with JWST/MIRI: Variable water-rich primaries and extended emission
As part of the JWST GTO program MINDS, we analyze the mid-infrared emission of three Class II binary systems: VW Cha, WX Cha, and RW Aur, to investigate the impact of stellar multiplicity on the chemistry and physics of their inner disk. We analyze the 1D spectrum from JWST/MIRI-MRS for primary and secondary disks separately, extracted by combining forward modeling with a theoretical PSF and aperture photometry. We modeled the molecular lines with 0D slab models. We interpret the results by com…

The Interstellar Medium in IZw18 seen with JWST/MIRI: I. Highly Ionized Gas
L. K. Hunt, A. Aloisi, M. G. Navarro, R. J. Rickards Vaught, B. T. Draine, A. Adamo, F. Annibali, D. Calzetti, S. Hernandez, B. L. James, M. Mingozzi, R. Schneider, M. Tosi, B. Brandl, M. G. del Valle-Espinosa, F. Donnan, A. S. Hirschauer, M. Meixner, D. Rigopoulou, C. T. Richardson, J. M. Levanti, A. R. Basu-Zych

The Interstellar Medium in IZw18 seen with JWST/MIRI: I. Highly Ionized Gas
We present JWST/MIRI spectra from the Medium-Resolution Spectrometer of IZw18, a nearby dwarf galaxy with a metallicity of $\sim$3% Solar. Its proximity enables a detailed study of highly ionized gas that can be interpreted in the context of newly discovered high-redshift dwarf galaxies. We derive aperture spectra centered on eleven regions of interest; the spectra show very low extinction, A_V $\lesssim 0.1$, consistent with optical determinations. The gas is highly ionized; we have detected 1…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.01832 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_qu…

Quantum Meets SAR: A Novel Range-Doppler Algorithm for Next-Gen Earth Observation
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) plays a vital role in remote sensing due to its ability to capture high-resolution images regardless of weather conditions or daylight. However, to transform the raw SAR signals into interpretable imagery, advanced data processing techniques are essential. A widely used technique for this purpose is the Range Doppler Algorithm (RDA), which takes advantage of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to convert signals into the frequency domain for further processing. However, …

Design of 3D Beamforming and Deployment Strategies for ISAC-based HAPS Systems
Xue Zhang, Bang Huang, Mohamed-Slim Alouini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11294

Design of 3D Beamforming and Deployment Strategies for ISAC-based HAPS Systems
This paper explores high-altitude platform station (HAPS) systems enabled by integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), in which a HAPS simultaneously transmits communication signals and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging signals to support multi-user communication while performing ground target sensing. Taking into account the operational characteristics of SAR imaging, we consider two HAPS deployment strategies: (i) a quasi-stationary HAPS that remains fixed at an optimized location dur…

DOA Estimation via Continuous Aperture Arrays: MUSIC and CRLB
Haonan Si, Zhaolin Wang, Xiansheng Guo, Jin Zhang, Yuanwei Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21347 https://

DOA Estimation via Continuous Aperture Arrays: MUSIC and CRLB
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation using continuous aperture array (CAPA) is studied. Compared to the conventional spatially discrete array (SPDA), CAPA significantly enhances the spatial degrees-of-freedoms (DoFs) for DOA estimation, but its infinite-dimensional continuous signals render the conventional estimation algorithm non-applicable. To address this challenge, a new multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is proposed for CAPAs. In particular, an equivalent continuous-discret…

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.IM. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.IM/new
[1/1]:
- The Simons Observatory: Science Goals and Forecasts for the Enhanced Large Aperture Telescope
The Simons Observatory Collaboration, et al.

Millisecond Pulsars in M2: New discoveries and a detailed timing analysis
Baoda Li, Kuo Liu, Lin Wang, Shunyi Lan, P. C. C. Freire, Pinsong Zhao, Liyun Zhang, Zhengwei Liu, Lei Qian, Wu Jiang, Dejiang Yin, Yaowei Li, Yinfeng Dai, Yang Liu, Xiangcun Meng, Zhichen Pan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06726…

Millisecond Pulsars in M2: New discoveries and a detailed timing analysis
Globular clusters (GCs) offer a unique environment for discovering and studying millisecond pulsars. In this paper, we present a multi-epoch search and detailed timing analysis of millisecond pulsars in the GC M2, using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope. We have discovered two new binary millisecond pulsars in M2, designated M2F and M2G, respectively. We provide measurements of the emission properties of all known pulsars in M2, including their polarization profiles, rotation …

Infrared and Optical Emission-line Diagnostics
Mark Durr\'e
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08603 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.08603

Infrared and Optical Emission-line Diagnostics
We study a catalogue of over 130 emission-line galaxies with matched near infra-red (NIR) and optical spectra, where we examine the relationship between the respective nuclear activity classifications, diagnosed by the flux ratios of emission lines. We match the standard NIR classification with four different optical classifications. While there is a broad agreement between the two regimes, there are mismatches and overlaps caused either by aperture effects and/or NIR radiation penetrating obsc…

A Leap-on-Success Exhaustive Search Method to Find Optimal Robust Minimum Redundancy Arrays (RMRAs): New Array Configurations for Sensor Counts 11 to 20
Pradyumna Kunchala, Ashish Patwari
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10706

A Leap-on-Success Exhaustive Search Method to Find Optimal Robust Minimum Redundancy Arrays (RMRAs): New Array Configurations for Sensor Counts 11 to 20
Two-fold redundant sparse arrays (TFRAs) are designed to maintain accurate direction estimation even in the event of a single sensor failure, leveraging the deliberate coarray redundancy infused into their design. Robust Minimum Redundancy Arrays (RMRAs), a specialized class of TFRAs, optimize this redundancy to achieve the maximum possible aperture for a given number of sensors. However, finding optimal RMRA configurations is an NP-hard problem, with prior research reporting optimal solutions …

Dynamic Frequency Feature Fusion Network for Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data Classification
Yikang Zhao, Feng Gao, Xuepeng Jin, Junyu Dong, Qian Du
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04510

Dynamic Frequency Feature Fusion Network for Multi-Source Remote Sensing Data Classification
Multi-source data classification is a critical yet challenging task for remote sensing image interpretation. Existing methods lack adaptability to diverse land cover types when modeling frequency domain features. To this end, we propose a Dynamic Frequency Feature Fusion Network (DFFNet) for hyperspectral image (HSI) and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) / Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data joint classification. Specifically, we design a dynamic filter block to dynamically learn the filter k…

Direct fiber-coupled soliton microcomb system with enhanced stability and reproducibility via high numerical-aperture polarization-maintaining single-mode fibers and temperature control
Miezel Talara, Yu Tokizane, Kodai Yamaji, Yoshihiro Makimoto, Kenji Nishimoto, Yudai Matsumura, Masayuki Higaki, Naoya Kuse, Takeshi Yasui
https://arxiv.or…

Direct fiber-coupled soliton microcomb system with enhanced stability and reproducibility via high numerical-aperture polarization-maintaining single-mode fibers and temperature control
We propose a compact and robust system architecture for soliton microcomb generation, based on two key techniques: direct fiber coupling using high numerical-aperture polarization-maintaining single-mode fibers (high-NA PMFs) and active temperature control of the microresonator. These complementary strategies address two major challenges in microcomb implementation: environmental sensitivity and resonance instability. Building on prior work using single-mode fiber (SMF)-based direct coupling, w…

The FAST Globular Cluster Pulsar Survey (GC FANS)
Yujie Lian, Zhichen Pan, Haiyan Zhang, Shuo Cao, P. C. C. Freire, Lei Qian, Ralph P. Eatough, Lijing Shao, Scott M. Ransom, Duncan R. Lorimer, Dejiang Yin, Yinfeng Dai, Kuo Liu, Lin Wang, Yujie Wang, Zhongli Zhang, Zhonghua Feng, Baoda Li, Minghui Li, Tong Liu, Yaowei Li, Bo Peng, Yu Pan, Yuxiao Wu, Liyun Zhang, Xingnan Zhang, Peng Jiang

The FAST Globular Cluster Pulsar Survey (GC FANS)
By January 2025, 60 pulsars were discovered by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope globular cluster (GC) pulsar survey (GC FANS), with spin periods spanning 1.98 ms to 3960.72 ms. Of these, 55 are millisecond pulsars (MSPs; $P<30$ ms), while 34 are binaries with orbital periods spanning 0.12 days to 466.47 days. This paper describes GC FANS, a deep, thorough search for pulsars in 41 GCs in the FAST sky ($-14^\circ < δ< 65^\circ$) and describes new discoveries in 14 of the…

Scalable FAS: A New Paradigm for Array Signal Processing
Tuo Wu, Ye Tian, Jie Tang, Kangda Zhi, Maged Elkashlan, Kin-Fai Tong, Naofal Al-Dhahir, Chan-Byoung Chae, Matthew C. Valenti, George K. Karagiannidis, Kwai-Man Luk
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10831

Scalable FAS: A New Paradigm for Array Signal Processing
Most existing antenna array-based source localization methods rely on fixed-position arrays (FPAs) and strict assumptions about source field conditions (near-field or far-field), which limits their effectiveness in complex, dynamic real-world scenarios where high-precision localization is required. In contrast, this paper introduces a novel scalable fluid antenna system (SFAS) that can dynamically adjust its aperture configuration to optimize performance for different localization tasks. Within…

High-NA In-Line Projector for EUV Lithography
Tsumoru Shintake
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00433 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.00433

High-NA In-Line Projector for EUV Lithography
This paper proposes a simple, four-mirror, in-line projector for high-NA EUV lithography that eliminates the most troublesome mask 3D effect. The design consists of a two-stage concave-convex pair, where optical aberrations are cancelled within each stage and between them, in a manner similar to that of a double-Gauss lens. The light rays pass through the central aperture in each mirror with acceptable obscuration. The numerical aperture (NA) is 0.5 and 0.7 for Hyper-NA. It has a circular expos…

Illuminating Hidden Pulsars: Scintillation-Enhanced Discovery of Two Binary Millisecond Pulsars in M13 with FAST
Dejiang Yin, Lin Wang, Li-yun Zhang, Lei Qian, Baoda Li, Kuo Liu, Bo Peng, Yinfeng Dai, Yaowei Li, Zhichen Pan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05998

Illuminating Hidden Pulsars: Scintillation-Enhanced Discovery of Two Binary Millisecond Pulsars in M13 with FAST
We conducted a sensitive acceleration search using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) techniques on full-length and segmented data from 84 observations of the globular cluster M13 with the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Employing a low detection threshold (2 $σ$) to maximize sensitivity to faint pulsars, here we report the discovery of two binary millisecond pulsars: J1641+3627G (M13G) and J1641+3627H (M13H). Both pulsars were detected during scintillation-brightened s…

Exploiting Cognition in ISAR Processing for Spectral Compatibility Applications
Massimo Rosamilia, Augusto Aubry, Alessio Balleri, Antonio De Maio, Marco Martorella
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08423

Exploiting Cognition in ISAR Processing for Spectral Compatibility Applications
This paper introduces and analyzes the concept of a cognitive inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) ensuring spectral compatibility in crowded electromagnetic environments. In such a context, the proposed approach alternates between environmental perception, recognizing possible emitters in its frequency range, and an action stage, synthesizing and transmitting a tailored radar waveform to achieve the desired imaging task while guaranteeing spectral coexistence with overlaid emitters. The per…

Fluid dynamics of a liquid mirror space telescope
Israel Gabay, Omer Luria, Edward Balaban, Amir D. Gat, Moran Bercovici
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02812 h…

Fluid dynamics of a liquid mirror space telescope
Large aperture telescopes are pivotal for exploring the universe, yet even with state-of-the-art manufacturing and launch technology, their size is limited to several meters. As we aim to build larger telescopes - extending tens of meters - designs in which the main mirror is based on liquid deployment in space are emerging as promising candidates. However, alongside their enormous potential advantages, liquid-based surfaces present new challenges in material science, mechanics, and fluid dynam…

Deep neutral hydrogen observations of the early-type galaxy NGC 2768: collided by a newly discovered satellite galaxy?
Nai-Ping Yu, Ming Zhu, Jin-Long Xu, Chuan-Peng Zhang, Xiao-Lan Liu, Peng Jiang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04703

Deep neutral hydrogen observations of the early-type galaxy NGC 2768: collided by a newly discovered satellite galaxy?
We present the results of a deep neutral hydrogen (Hi) observation of the early-type galaxy NGC 2768 using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). Leveraging the high sensitivity of FAST, we discover an extended gas envelope around NGC 2768. The total Hi mass is measured to be 8.1 x 10^8 M_sun , representing a magnitude increase compared to previous Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT) studies. Position-velocity (PV) diagram indicates the envelope mainly involve…

Curved Apertures for Customized Wave Trajectories: Beyond Flat Aperture Limitations
Joan Mart\'inez Canals, Francesco Devoti, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Marco Di Renzo, Xavier Costa-P\'erez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20699

Curved Apertures for Customized Wave Trajectories: Beyond Flat Aperture Limitations
Beam shaping techniques enable tailored beam trajectories, offering unprecedented connectivity opportunities in wireless communications. Current approaches rely on flat apertures, which limit trajectory flexibility due to inherent geometric constraints. To overcome such restrictions, we propose adopting curved apertures as a more versatile alternative for beam shaping. We introduce a novel formulation for wave trajectory engineering compatible with arbitrarily shaped apertures. Theoretical and …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.00278 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

BatAnalysis -- A Comprehensive Python Pipeline for Swift BAT Time-Tagged Event Data Analysis
The Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) is a coded aperture gamma-ray instrument with a large field of view that was designed to detect and localize transient events. When a transient is detected, either on-board or externally, the BAT saves time-tagged event (TTE) data which provides the highest quality information of the locations of the photons on the detector plane and their energies. This data can be used to produce spectra, lightcurves, and sky images of a transient event. While these data …

Optics design of the Super Tau-Charm Facility collider rings
Ye Zou, Linhao Zhang, Tao Liu, Penghui Yang, Weiwei Li, Tianlong He, Demin Zhou, Kazuhito Ohmi, Sangya Li, Ze Yu, Yihao Mo, Hangzhou Li, Hao Zhou, Jiajun Gao, Zeyuan Meng, Qing Luo, Lei Wang, Youjin Yuan, Jingyu Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18924…

Optics design of the Super Tau-Charm Facility collider rings
The Super Tau-Charm Facility (STCF), China's next-generation electron-positron collider, targets an unprecedented luminosity exceeding 5x10^34 cm^-2 s^-1 at a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV. The implementation of a submillimeter vertical beta function at interaction point (< 1 mm) and crab-waist collision scheme in this low-energy regime introduces critical challenges through severe nonlinear effects that constrain dynamic aperture and degrade Touschek lifetime. To address these constraints, we…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.14478 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Alignment and optical verification of DESHIMA 2.0 at ASTE
We developed, characterized, and verified an alignment procedure for the DESHIMA 2.0 instrument, an ultra wide-band spectrometer operating between 200--400 GHz, at the ASTE telescope. To this end, we mounted the warm optics, consisting of a modified Dragonian dual reflector system, on a motor controlled hexapod. Crucial in the alignment procedure is our sky chopper, which allows fast beam switching. It has a small entrance and exit aperture coupling to (cold) sky, which creates a measurable sig…

Three-Dimensional Isotropic STED Nanoscopy using a Single Objective
Renlong Zhang, Xiaoyu Weng, Haoxian Zhou, Luwei Wang, Fangrui Lin, Wei Yan, Xiumin Gao, Bin Yu, Danying Lin, Liwei Liu, Chenshuang Zhang, Kayla K. Green, Ewoud R. E. Schmidt, Songlin Zhuang, Junle Qu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06718

Three-Dimensional Isotropic STED Nanoscopy using a Single Objective
Accurate three-dimensional (3D) imaging requires an isotropic point spread function (PSF). However, the inherent missing aperture of a single objective lens results in an elongated, cigar-like PSF, which has rendered isotropic resolution in fluorescence microscopy seemingly insurmountable without a 4π configuration for decades. To address this long-standing challenge, we introduce ISO-STED (Isotropic Single-Objective STED) Nanoscopy, a novel approach that employs a single objective lens and a …

Precise Representation Model of SAR Saturated Interference: Mechanism and Verification
Lunhao Duan, Xingyu Lu, Yushuang Liu, Jianchao Yang, Hong Gu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06932

Precise Representation Model of SAR Saturated Interference: Mechanism and Verification
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is highly susceptible to Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). Due to the performance limitations of components such as gain controllers and analog-to-digital converters in SAR receivers, high-power interference can easily cause saturation of the SAR receiver, resulting in nonlinear distortion of the interfered echoes, which are distorted in both the time domain and frequency domain. Some scholars have analyzed the impact of SAR receiver saturation on target echoes …

The Nature of an Unidentified X-ray Source in the 7 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South Catalog
Quinn P. Sullivan, Zhibo Yu, William N. Brandt, Bin Luo, Fan Zou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03656

The Nature of an Unidentified X-ray Source in the 7 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South Catalog
In the 7 Ms Chandra Deep Field-South catalog, only one source, XID 912, was highly significantly detected in X-rays but had no formally reported counterparts in the UV, optical, infrared, or radio bands. We identified its potential JWST and VLT VIMOS counterparts and measured the corresponding aperture photometry to construct its spectral energy distribution (SED). We fitted this SED using CIGALE. The results indicate that the source is most likely an off-nuclear ultraluminous X-ray source, rat…

The Chinese Pulsar Timing Array data release I. Single pulsar noise analysis
Siyuan Chen, Heng Xu, Yanjun Guo, Bojun Wang, R. Nicolas Caballero, Jinchen Jiang, Jiangwei Xu, Zihan Xue, Kejia Lee, Jianping Yuan, Yonghua Xu, Jingbo Wang, Longfei Hao, Jintao Luo, Jinlin Han, Peng Jiang, Zhiqiang Shen, Min Wang, Na Wang, Renxin Xu, Xiangping Wu, Lei Qian, Xin Guan, Menglin Huang, Chun Sun, Yan Zhu

The Chinese Pulsar Timing Array data release I. Single pulsar noise analysis
The Chinese Pulsar Timing Array (CPTA) has collected observations from 57 millisecond pulsars using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) for close to three years, for the purpose of searching for gravitational waves (GWs). To robustly search for ultra-low-frequency GWs, pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) need to use models to describe the noise from the individual pulsars. We report on the results from the single pulsar noise analysis of the CPTA data release I (DR1). Conve…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.10897 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Network of velocity-coherent filaments formed by supersonic turbulence in a very-high-velocity HI cloud
The warm neutral medium (WNM) was thought to be subsonically/transonically turbulent, and it lacks a network of intertwined filaments that are commonly seen in both molecular clouds and cold neutral medium (CNM). Here, we report HI~21 cm line observations of a very-high-velocity (-330 km s$^{-1}$ $

A Decentralized Framework for Radio-interferometric Image Reconstruction
S. Wang, S. Mignot, S. Prunet, L. Di Mascolo, M. Spinelli, A. Ferrari
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22128 h…

A Decentralized Framework for Radio-interferometric Image Reconstruction
The advent of large aperture arrays, such as the ones currently under construction for the SKA project, allows for observing the Universe in the radio-spectrum at unprecedented resolution and sensitivity. To process the enormous amounts of data produced by these telescopes, scalable software pipelines are required. This paper helps address this by proposing a framework that allows for decentralized radio-interferometric image reconstruction, parallelizing by spatial frequency. This is achieved …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05228 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@ar…

Spherical Phase Metalenses: Intrinsic Suppression of Spherical Aberration via Equiphase Surface Modulation
Recent progress in large-scale metasurfaces requires phase profiles beyond traditional hyperbolic designs. We show hyperbolic phase distributions cause spherical aberration from mismatched light propagation geometry and unrealistic phase assumptions. By analyzing metalens fundamentals via isophase surfaces, we develop a spherical phase profile based on spherical wavefront theory. This method prevents spherical aberration, essential for wide-aperture metalenses. Simulations prove superior focusi…

Sizing Antenna Arrays for Near-field Communication and Sensing
Marcin Wachowiak, Andr\'e Bourdoux, Sofie Pollin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18465 https:…

Sizing Antenna Arrays for Near-field Communication and Sensing
This paper presents key performance metrics for near-field communication and sensing systems with a focus on their scaling behavior as a function of the antenna array aperture. Analytical expressions are derived for several standard array geometries to enable the design of the large antenna arrays for given system requirements. First, the near-field beam focusing is analyzed and the minimum beamdepth is observed to rapidly saturate to a low asymptotic limit as the array aperture increases. In c…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.05372 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

The slowest spinning Galactic-field spider PSR J1932+2121: A history of inefficient mass transfer
The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope is discovering hundreds of new pulsars, including a slowly spinning compact binary millisecond pulsar (spin period $P_{\rm spin}=14.2$\,ms) which showed radio eclipses and evidence of ablation of its companion: PSR J1932+2121. Its orbital period is $P_{\rm orb}=0.08$\,d and the minimum companion mass is estimated as 0.12\,\Msun. Hence, this pulsar is classified as part of the Galactic-field spider (redback) population. However, it spins almost…

Near-Field Spatial non-Stationary Channel Estimation: Visibility-Region-HMM-Aided Polar-Domain Simultaneous OMP
Thibaut Ceulemans, Cel Thys, Robbert Beerten, Zhuangzhuang Cui, Sofie Pollin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04222

Near-Field Spatial non-Stationary Channel Estimation: Visibility-Region-HMM-Aided Polar-Domain Simultaneous OMP
This work focuses on channel estimation in extremely large aperture array (ELAA) systems, where near-field propagation and spatial non-stationarity introduce complexities that hinder the effectiveness of traditional estimation techniques. A physics-based hybrid channel model is developed, incorporating non-binary visibility region (VR) masks to simulate diffraction-induced power variations across the antenna array. To address the estimation challenges posed by these channel conditions, a novel …

SOAP: A Python Package for Calculating the Properties of Galaxies and Halos Formed in Cosmological Simulations
Robert McGibbon, John C. Helly, Joop Schaye, Matthieu Schaller, Bert Vandenbroucke
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22669

SOAP: A Python Package for Calculating the Properties of Galaxies and Halos Formed in Cosmological Simulations
Modern large scale cosmological hydrodynamic simulations require robust tools capable of analysing their data outputs in a parallel and efficient manner. We introduce SOAP (Spherical Overdensity and Aperture Processor), a Python package designed to compute halo and galaxy properties from SWIFT simulations after being post-processed with a subhalo finder. SOAP takes a subhalo catalogue as input and calculates a wide array of properties for each object. SOAP offers parallel processing capabilitie…

The radiative subpulse modulation and spectral features of PSR B1929$ $10 with the whole pulse phase emission
Zhengli Wang, Jiguang Lu, Weiyang Wang, Shunshun Cao, Jinchen Jiang, Jiangwei Xu, Kejia Lee, Enwei Liang, Hongguang Wang, Renxin Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00610

The radiative subpulse modulation and spectral features of PSR B1929$+$10 with the whole pulse phase emission
In this work, we observe the nearby pulsar, PSR B1929$+$10, using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). We find, for the first time, two new emission components with an extremely weak observed flux density of about $10^{-4}$ of the magnitude of the peak radio emission of PSR B1929$+$10. Our results show that the intrinsic radio emission of PSR B1929$+$10 covers the $360^{\circ}$ of longitude, demonstrating that this pulsar is a whole $360^{\circ}$ of longitude emissi…

Spherical Phase Metalenses: Intrinsic Suppression of Spherical Aberration via Equiphase Surface Modulation
Xiaohui Yang, Lei Yang, Xinhui Lu, Yu Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05228

Spherical Phase Metalenses: Intrinsic Suppression of Spherical Aberration via Equiphase Surface Modulation
Recent progress in large-scale metasurfaces requires phase profiles beyond traditional hyperbolic designs. We show hyperbolic phase distributions cause spherical aberration from mismatched light propagation geometry and unrealistic phase assumptions. By analyzing metalens fundamentals via isophase surfaces, we develop a spherical phase profile based on spherical wavefront theory. This method prevents spherical aberration, essential for wide-aperture metalenses. Simulations prove superior focusi…

Self-Supervised-ISAR-Net Enables Fast Sparse ISAR Imaging
Ziwen Wang, Jianping wang, Pucheng Li, Yifan Wu, Zegang Ding
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01038 htt…

Self-Supervised-ISAR-Net Enables Fast Sparse ISAR Imaging
Numerous sparse inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging methods based on unfolded neural networks have been developed for high-quality image reconstruction with sparse measurements. However, their training typically requires paired ISAR images and echoes, which are often difficult to obtain. Meanwhile, one property can be observed that for a certain sparse measurement configuration of ISAR, when a target is rotated around its center of mass, only the image of the target undergoes the co…

Direct High-Resolution Imaging of Earth-Like Exoplanets
Slava G. Turyshev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20236 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506…

Direct High-Resolution Imaging of Earth-Like Exoplanets
We have surveyed all conventional methods proposed or conceivable for obtaining resolved images of an Earth-like exoplanet. Generating a 10x10 pixel map of a 1 R_Earth world at 10 pc demands ~0.85 uas angular resolution and photon collection sufficient for SNR >= 5 per "micro-pixel". We derived diffraction-limit and photon-budget requirements for: (1) large single-aperture space telescopes with internal coronagraphs; (2) external starshades; (3) space-based interferometry (nulling and non-nulli…

Fourier ptychographic microscopy aided with transport of intensity equation for robust full phase spectrum reconstruction
Miko{\l}aj Rogalski, Juan Martinez-Carranza, Bartosz G\'orski, Piotr Arcab, Micha{\l} J\'o\'zwik, Piotr Zda\'nkowski, Magdalena Sobie\'n, Marzena Stefaniuk, Shun Zhou, Chao Zuo, Maciej Trusiak
https://

Fourier ptychographic microscopy aided with transport of intensity equation for robust full phase spectrum reconstruction
Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a pivotal computational imaging technique that achieves phase and amplitude reconstruction with high resolution and wide field of view, using low numerical aperture objectives and LED array illumination. Despite its unique strengths, FPM remains fundamentally limited in retrieving low spatial frequency phase information due to the absence of phase encoding in all brightfield illumination angles. To overcome this, we present a novel hybrid approach that …

Channel Estimation for 6G Near-Field Wireless Communications: A Comprehensive Survey
Wen-Xuan Long, Shengyu Ye, Marco Moretti, Michele Morelli, Luca Sanguinetti, Rui Chen, Cheng-Xiang Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23526

Channel Estimation for 6G Near-Field Wireless Communications: A Comprehensive Survey
The sixth-generation (6G) wireless systems are expected to adopt extremely large aperture arrays (ELAAs), novel antenna architectures, and operate in extremely high-frequency bands to meet growing data demands. ELAAs significantly increase the number of antennas, enabling finer spatial resolution and improved beamforming. At high frequencies, ELAAs shift communication from the conventional far-field to near-field regime, where spherical wavefronts dominate and the channel response depends on bo…

The $10~\rm{kpc}$ collar of early-type galaxies -- probing evolution by focusing on the inner stellar density profile
Rongfu Liu (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Alessandro Sonnenfeld (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Carlo Nipoti (Alma Mater Studiorum - Universit\`a di Bologna), Rui Li (Zhengzhou University)
https://arxiv.org/ab…

The $10~\rm{kpc}$ collar of early-type galaxies -- probing evolution by focusing on the inner stellar density profile
Context: The post-quenching evolution process of early-type galaxies (ETGs) is still not fully understood. The amount of growth in stellar mass and size incurred after quenching is still under debate. Aims: In this work we aim to investigate the late evolution of ETGs, both observationally and theoretically, by focusing on the stellar mass density profile inside a fixed aperture, within $10$~kpc from the galaxy center. Methods: We first studied the stellar mass and mass-weighted density slo…

In-Orbit Cosmo-SkyMed antenna pattern estimation by a narrowband sweeper receiver
Mohammad Roueinfar, Masoud Ardini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23235 https://

In-Orbit Cosmo-SkyMed antenna pattern estimation by a narrowband sweeper receiver
This paper introduces a novel method for antenna pattern estimation in satellites equipped with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), utilizing a Narrowband Sweeper Receiver (NSR). By accurately measuring power across individual frequencies within SAR's inherently broadband spectrum, the NSR significantly enhances antenna pattern extraction accuracy. Analytical models and practical experiments conducted using the Cosmo-SkyMed satellite validate the receiver's performance, demonstrating superior signa…

ARSAR-Net: Adaptively Regularized SAR Imaging Network via Non-matrix-inversion ADMM
Shiping Fu, Yufan Chen, Zhe Zhang, Xiaolan Qiu, Qixiang Ye
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18324

ARSAR-Net: Adaptively Regularized SAR Imaging Network via Non-matrix-inversion ADMM
Deep unfolding networks have constituted an emerging method for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. However, baseline unfolding networks, when unfolded from the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), lack generalization capability across scenes as the regularizers are empirically designed. In this study, we introduce a learnable regularizer to the unfolding network and create an adaptively regularized SAR imaging network (ARSAR-Net), which pursues generalization capability acro…