Tootfinder

Malware Classification Leveraging NLP & Machine Learning for Enhanced Accuracy
Bishwajit Prasad Gond, Rajneekant, Pushkar Kishore, Durga Prasad Mohapatra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16224

Malware Classification Leveraging NLP & Machine Learning for Enhanced Accuracy
This paper investigates the application of natural language processing (NLP)-based n-gram analysis and machine learning techniques to enhance malware classification. We explore how NLP can be used to extract and analyze textual features from malware samples through n-grams, contiguous string or API call sequences. This approach effectively captures distinctive linguistic patterns among malware and benign families, enabling finer-grained classification. We delve into n-gram size selection, featu…

Entropy-Driven Pre-Tokenization for Byte-Pair Encoding
Yifan Hu, Frank Liang, Dachuan Zhao, Jonathan Geuter, Varshini Reddy, Craig W. Schmidt, Chris Tanner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15889

Entropy-Driven Pre-Tokenization for Byte-Pair Encoding
Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) has become a widely adopted subword tokenization method in modern language models due to its simplicity and strong empirical performance across downstream tasks. However, applying BPE to unsegmented languages such as Chinese presents significant challenges, as its frequency-driven merge operation is agnostic to linguistic boundaries. To address this, we propose two entropy-informed pre-tokenization strategies that guide BPE segmentation using unsupervised information-th…

With heightened tensions all across the globe the only chance for a cool down seems to be a Silksong release date announcement.

Theoretical modeling of QCD radiation in off-shell Higgs production through gluon fusion
Rafael Coelho Lopes de S\'a, Martina Javurkova, Matteo Lazzeretti, Raoul R\"ontsch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17022

Theoretical modeling of QCD radiation in off-shell Higgs production through gluon fusion
The measurement of the Higgs boson width is a critical test of the Standard Model, with significant implications for understanding electroweak symmetry breaking. Direct measurements are limited by detector resolution, but it can be measured with greater precision through a combined analysis of on-shell and off-shell Higgs boson production. While results for on-shell production have been computed to a very high accuracy, theoretical predictions for off-shell Higgs boson production are not as wel…

AI labeling reduces the perceived accuracy of online content but has limited broader effects
Chuyao Wang, Patrick Sturgis, Daniel de Kadt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16202

AI labeling reduces the perceived accuracy of online content but has limited broader effects
Explicit labeling of online content produced by artificial intelligence (AI) is a widely mooted policy for ensuring transparency and promoting public confidence. Yet little is known about the scope of AI labeling effects on public assessments of labeled content. We contribute new evidence on this question from a survey experiment using a high-quality nationally representative probability sample (n = 3,861). First, we demonstrate that explicit AI labeling of a news article about a proposed publi…

Bayesian Non-Negative Matrix Factorization with Correlated Mutation Type Probabilities for Mutational Signatures
Iris Lang, Jenna Landy, Giovanni Parmigiani
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15855

Bayesian Non-Negative Matrix Factorization with Correlated Mutation Type Probabilities for Mutational Signatures
Somatic mutations, or alterations in DNA of a somatic cell, are key markers of cancer. In recent years, mutational signature analysis has become a prominent field of study within cancer research, commonly with Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) and Bayesian NMF. However, current methods assume independence across mutation types in the signatures matrix. This paper expands upon current Bayesian NMF methodologies by proposing novel methods that account for the dependencies between the mutatio…

Radiochromic Film Dosimetry for VHEE and UHDR: Considerations for the CLEAR Facility and Comparisons with Alanine, RPL and Dosimetry Phantoms
V. F. Rieker, J. J. Bateman, L. M. Wroe, M. Caloz, V. Grilj, Y. Q. Aguiar, A. Sch\"uller, C. Bailat, W. Farabolini, A. Gilardi, C. Robertson, P. Korysko, A. Malyzhenkov, S. Stapnes, M. -C. Vozenin, M. Dosanjh, R. Corsini

Radiochromic Film Dosimetry for VHEE and UHDR: Considerations for the CLEAR Facility and Comparisons with Alanine, RPL and Dosimetry Phantoms
Radiochromic films (RCFs) offer valuable two-dimensional dosimetry capabilities with a conceptually simple operating principle that requires minimal investment, making them particularly suitable for very high energy electron (VHEE) FLASH dosimetry where dosimetry standards are currently lacking. However, achieving high-accuracy measurements with RCFs presents significant practical challenges. Without the standardised protocols that ensure reliable outcomes across applications and facilities, kn…

A Neural Operator based Hybrid Microscale Model for Multiscale Simulation of Rate-Dependent Materials
Dhananjeyan Jeyaraj, Hamidreza Eivazi, Jendrik-Alexander Tr\"oger, Stefan Wittek, Stefan Hartmann, Andreas Rausch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16918

A Neural Operator based Hybrid Microscale Model for Multiscale Simulation of Rate-Dependent Materials
The behavior of materials is influenced by a wide range of phenomena occurring across various time and length scales. To better understand the impact of microstructure on macroscopic response, multiscale modeling strategies are essential. Numerical methods, such as the $\text{FE}^2$ approach, account for micro-macro interactions to predict the global response in a concurrent manner. However, these methods are computationally intensive due to the repeated evaluations of the microscale. This chal…

A coalition of European Union countries is pushing to bar Russian citizens who participated in the war against Ukraine from entering the Schengen Area, citing serious security concerns.
The call comes as Russia increased its hybrid operations targeting the European Union.
EU security agencies have repeatedly warned of Russian-linked sabotage operations, including arson attacks, orchestrated by Moscow as part of hybrid warfare strategies.
Interior ministers from the Baltic …

Baltics, Nordics, Poland propose Schengen ban for Russians who fought in Ukraine
"There are hundreds of thousands of Russian citizens who have fought against Ukraine," Estonian Interior Minister Lauri Laanemets said. "We must take a clear stance, these individuals cannot freely travel across Schengen."

From Prompts to Constructs: A Dual-Validity Framework for LLM Research in Psychology
Zhicheng Lin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16697 https://

From Prompts to Constructs: A Dual-Validity Framework for LLM Research in Psychology
Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly being adopted across psychology, serving as research tools, experimental subjects, human simulators, and computational models of cognition. However, the application of human measurement tools to these systems can produce contradictory results, raising concerns that many findings are measurement phantoms--statistical artifacts rather than genuine psychological phenomena. In this Perspective, we argue that building a robust science of AI psychology require…