Tootfinder

Bias Delayed is Bias Denied? Assessing the Effect of Reporting Delays on Disparity Assessments
Jennah Gosciak (Cornell University), Aparna Balagopalan (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Derek Ouyang (Stanford University), Allison Koenecke (Cornell University), Marzyeh Ghassemi (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Daniel E. Ho (Stanford University)

Bias Delayed is Bias Denied? Assessing the Effect of Reporting Delays on Disparity Assessments
Conducting disparity assessments at regular time intervals is critical for surfacing potential biases in decision-making and improving outcomes across demographic groups. Because disparity assessments fundamentally depend on the availability of demographic information, their efficacy is limited by the availability and consistency of available demographic identifiers. While prior work has considered the impact of missing data on fairness, little attention has been paid to the role of delayed dem…

Semi-discrete moduli of smoothness and their applications in one- and two- sided error estimates
Danilo Costarelli, Donato Lavella
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10723

Semi-discrete moduli of smoothness and their applications in one- and two- sided error estimates
In this paper, we introduce a new semi-discrete modulus of smoothness, which generalizes the definition given by Kolomoitsev and Lomako (KL) in 2023 (in the paper published in the J. Approx. Theory), and we establish very general one- and two- sided error estimates under non-restrictive assumptions. The proposed results have been proved exploiting the regularization and approximation properties of certain Steklov integrals introduced by Sendov and Popov in 1983, and differ from the ones given b…

LLMail-Inject: A Dataset from a Realistic Adaptive Prompt Injection Challenge
Sahar Abdelnabi, Aideen Fay, Ahmed Salem, Egor Zverev, Kai-Chieh Liao, Chi-Huang Liu, Chun-Chih Kuo, Jannis Weigend, Danyael Manlangit, Alex Apostolov, Haris Umair, Jo\~ao Donato, Masayuki Kawakita, Athar Mahboob, Tran Huu Bach, Tsun-Han Chiang, Myeongjin Cho, Hajin Choi, Byeonghyeon Kim, Hyeonjin Lee, Benjamin Pannell, Conor McCauley, Mark Russinovich, Andrew Paverd, Giovanni Cherubin

LLMail-Inject: A Dataset from a Realistic Adaptive Prompt Injection Challenge
Indirect Prompt Injection attacks exploit the inherent limitation of Large Language Models (LLMs) to distinguish between instructions and data in their inputs. Despite numerous defense proposals, the systematic evaluation against adaptive adversaries remains limited, even when successful attacks can have wide security and privacy implications, and many real-world LLM-based applications remain vulnerable. We present the results of LLMail-Inject, a public challenge simulating a realistic scenario…

Fundamental Parameters for Central Stars of 103 Infrared Bowshock Nebulae
Nikhil Patten, Henry A. Kobulnicky, Matthew S. Povich, Angelica S. Whisnant, Sydney Andrews, Alexandra Boone, Srujan Dandu, Naomi Jones, S. Nick Justice, Dylan Hope, Alexander Larsen, Ryan McCrory, Julia Meredith, Maria Renee Meza, Alexandra C. Rosenthal, William Salazar, Alexander R. Sterling, Noshin Yesmin, Daniel A. Dale

Fundamental Parameters for Central Stars of 103 Infrared Bowshock Nebulae
Stellar bowshock nebulae are arcuate shock fronts formed by the interaction of radiation-driven stellar winds and the relative motion of the ambient interstellar material. Stellar bowshock nebulae provide a promising means to measure wind-driven mass loss, independent of other established methods. In this work, we characterize the stellar sources at the center of bowshock nebulae drawn from all-sky catalogs of 24 $μ$m-selected nebulae. We obtain new, low-resolution blue optical spectra for \nu…

The Hasse principle for homogeneous polynomials with random coefficients over thin sets II
Daniel Flores, Kiseok Yeon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01291 http…

The Hasse principle for homogeneous polynomials with random coefficients over thin sets II
Let $d$ and $n$ be natural numbers. Let $ν_{d,n}: \mathbb{R}^n\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^{N}$ denote the Veronese embedding with $N=N_{n,d}:=\binom{n+d-1}{d}$, defined by listing all the monomials of degree $d$ in $n$ variables using the lexicographical ordering. Let $\langle \boldsymbol{a}, ν_{d,n}(\boldsymbol{x})\rangle\in \mathbb{Z}[\boldsymbol{x}]$ be a homogeneous polynomial in $n$ variables of degree $d$ with integer coefficients $\boldsymbol{a}$, where $\langle\cdot,\cdot\rangle$ denotes t…

Finite-time scaling on low-dimensional map bifurcations
Daniel A. Martin, Qian-Yuan Tang, Dante R. Chialvo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24673 https://…

Finite-time scaling on low-dimensional map bifurcations
Recent work has introduced the concept of finite-time scaling to characterize bifurcation diagrams at finite times in deterministic discrete dynamical systems, drawing an analogy with finite-size scaling used to study critical behavior in finite systems. In this work, we extend the finite-time scaling approach in several key directions. First, we present numerical results for 1D maps exhibiting period-doubling bifurcations and discontinuous transitions, analyzing selected paradigmatic examples.…