Tootfinder

Emergent misalignment as prompt sensitivity: A research note
Tim Wyse, Twm Stone, Anna Soligo, Daniel Tan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06253 https://

Emergent misalignment as prompt sensitivity: A research note
Betley et al. (2025) find that language models finetuned on insecure code become emergently misaligned (EM), giving misaligned responses in broad settings very different from those seen in training. However, it remains unclear as to why emergent misalignment occurs. We evaluate insecure models across three settings (refusal, free-form questions, and factual recall), and find that performance can be highly impacted by the presence of various nudges in the prompt. In the refusal and free-form q…

Learning to accelerate distributed ADMM using graph neural networks
Henri Doerks, Paul H\"ausner, Daniel Hern\'andez Escobar, Jens Sj\"olund
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05288

Learning to accelerate distributed ADMM using graph neural networks
Distributed optimization is fundamental in large-scale machine learning and control applications. Among existing methods, the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) has gained popularity due to its strong convergence guarantees and suitability for decentralized computation. However, ADMM often suffers from slow convergence and sensitivity to hyperparameter choices. In this work, we show that distributed ADMM iterations can be naturally represented within the message-passing framewor…

Predicting Market Troughs: A Machine Learning Approach with Causal Interpretation
Peilin Rao, Randall R. Rojas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05922 https://arx…

Predicting Market Troughs: A Machine Learning Approach with Causal Interpretation
This paper provides robust, new evidence on the causal drivers of market troughs. We demonstrate that conclusions about these triggers are critically sensitive to model specification, moving beyond restrictive linear models with a flexible DML average partial effect causal machine learning framework. Our robust estimates identify the volatility of options-implied risk appetite and market liquidity as key causal drivers, relationships misrepresented or obscured by simpler models. These findings …

A scalable method for cavity-enhanced solid-state quantum sensors
Daniel J. Tibben, Roy Styles, David A. Broadway, Jean-Philippe Tetienne, Daniel E. G\'omez, Philipp Reineck
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04760

A scalable method for cavity-enhanced solid-state quantum sensors
Photoluminescent color centers in diamond and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) are powerful nanoscale solid-state quantum sensors that are explored in a plethora of quantum technologies. Methods for integrating them into macroscopic structures that improve their sensitivity and enable their large-scale deployment are highly sought after. Here, we demonstrate cavity-enhanced photoluminescence (PL) of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) and hBN nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in polymer-based thin-film opt…

Probing interfacial water via color-center-enabled spin magnetometry
Kang Xu, Kapila Elkaduwe, Rohma Khan, Sang-Jun Lee, Dennis Nordlund, Gustavo E. L\'opez, Abraham Wolcott, Daniela Pagliero, Nicolas Giovambattista, Carlos A. Meriles
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03148

Probing interfacial water via color-center-enabled spin magnetometry
Understanding the behavior of confined water at liquid-solid interfaces is central to numerous physical, chemical, and biological processes, yet remains experimentally challenging. Here, we utilize shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond to investigate the nanoscale dynamics of interfacial water confined between the diamond surface and an overlying fluorinated oil droplet. Using NV-based nuclear magnetic resonance protocols selectively sensitive to 1H and 19F, we independently track wa…

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Advanced SQUID-on-lever scanning probe for high-sensitivity magnetic microscopy with sub-100-nm spatial resolution
Timur Weber (University of T\"ubingen), Daniel Jetter (University of Basel), Jan Ullmann (University of T\"ubingen), Simon A. Koch (University of T\"ubingen), Simon F. Pfander (University of T\"ubingen), Katharina Kress (University of Basel), Andriani Vervelaki (University of Basel), Boris Gross (University of Basel), Oliver Kieler (PTB Braunschweig), U…

Advanced SQUID-on-lever scanning probe for high-sensitivity magnetic microscopy with sub-100-nm spatial resolution
Superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) are exceptionally sensitive magnetometers capable of detecting weak magnetic fields. Miniaturizing these devices and integrating them onto scanning probes enables high-resolution imaging at low-temperature. Here, we fabricate nanometer-scale niobium SQUIDs with inner-loop sizes down to 10 nm at the apex of individual planar silicon cantilevers via a combination of wafer-scale optical lithography and focused-ion-beam (FIB) milling. These robu…

Radio Astronomy in the Era of Vision-Language Models: Prompt Sensitivity and Adaptation
Mariia Drozdova, Erica Lastufka, Vitaliy Kinakh, Taras Holotyak, Daniel Schaerer, Slava Voloshynovskiy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02615

Radio Astronomy in the Era of Vision-Language Models: Prompt Sensitivity and Adaptation
Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as recent Qwen and Gemini models, are positioned as general-purpose AI systems capable of reasoning across domains. Yet their capabilities in scientific imaging, especially on unfamiliar and potentially previously unseen data distributions, remain poorly understood. In this work, we assess whether generic VLMs, presumed to lack exposure to astronomical corpora, can perform morphology-based classification of radio galaxies using the MiraBest FR-I/FR-II dataset…

Theoretical Diagnostics for the Physical Conditions in Active Galactic Nuclei under the View of JWST
Lulu Zhang, Ric I. Davies, Chris Packham, Erin K. S. Hicks, Daniel E. Delaney, Miguel Pereira-Santaella, Laura Hermosa Mu\~noz, Ismael Garc\'ia-Bernete, Claudio Ricci, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Almudena Alonso-Herrero, Martin J. Ward, Enrica Bellocchi, Cristina Ramos Almeida, Francoise Combes, Masatoshi Imanishi, Omaira Gonz\'alez-Mart\'in, Tanio D\'iaz-Santos, Anelise Audiber…

Theoretical Diagnostics for the Physical Conditions in Active Galactic Nuclei under the View of JWST
With excellent spectral and angular resolutions and, especially, sensitivity, the JWST allows us to observe infrared emission lines that were previously inaccessible or barely accessible. These emission lines are promising for evaluating the physical conditions in different galaxies. Based on {\sc MAPPINGS V} photoionization models, we systematically analyze the dependence of over 20 mid-infrared (mid-IR) emission lines covered by the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) onboard JWST on the physical …

Enabling decision support over confidential data
Edoardo Marangone, Eugenio Nerio Nemmi, Daniele Friolo, Giuseppe Ateniese, Ingo Weber, Claudio Di Ciccio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02413

Enabling decision support over confidential data
Enabling automated decision-making processes by leveraging data-driven analysis is a core goal of Decision Support Systems (DSSs). In multi-party scenarios where decisions rely on distributed and sensitive data, though, ensuring confidentiality, verifiability, transparency, integrity, and consistency at once remains an open challenge for DSSs. To tackle this multi-faceted problem, we propose the Secure Platform for Automated decision Rules via Trusted Applications (SPARTA) approach. By leveragi…