Tootfinder

BDFirewall: Towards Effective and Expeditiously Black-Box Backdoor Defense in MLaaS
Ye Li, Chengcheng Zhu, Yanchao Zhao, Jiale Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03307 https://

BDFirewall: Towards Effective and Expeditiously Black-Box Backdoor Defense in MLaaS
In this paper, we endeavor to address the challenges of backdoor attacks countermeasures in black-box scenarios, thereby fortifying the security of inference under MLaaS. We first categorize backdoor triggers from a new perspective, i.e., their impact on the patched area, and divide them into: high-visibility triggers (HVT), semi-visibility triggers (SVT), and low-visibility triggers (LVT). Based on this classification, we propose a progressive defense framework, BDFirewall, that removes these …

Cowboys-Jets inactives: Tyler Smith is emergency option only; RB Jaydon Blue to debut https://cowboyswire.usatoday.com/story/sports/nfl/cowboys/2025/10/05/cowboys-jets-inactives-week-5-jaydon-blue-tyler-guyton…

Inferring Stellar Densities with Flexible Models I: The Distribution of RR Lyrae in the Milky Way with $\textit{Gaia}$ DR3
Madeline Lucey, Cecilia Mateu, Adrian Price-Whelan, David Hogg, Hans-Walter Rix, Robyn Sanderson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03221

Inferring Stellar Densities with Flexible Models I: The Distribution of RR Lyrae in the Milky Way with $\textit{Gaia}$ DR3
Understanding the formation and evolutionary history of the Milky Way requires detailed mapping of its stellar components, which preserve fossil records of the Galaxy's assembly through cosmic time. RR Lyrae stars are particularly well-suited for this endeavor, as they are old, standard candle variables that probe the Galaxy's earliest formation epochs. In this work, we employ a hierarchical Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to characterize the three-dimensional density distribution of RR L…

Optimising the MeerKAT Pulsar Timing Array and towards precision pulsar timing with SKA-mid
Pratyasha Gitika, Ryan M. Shannon, Matthew Bailes, Daniel J. Reardon, Matthew T. Miles, David J. Champion, Kathrin Grunthal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03139

Optimising the MeerKAT Pulsar Timing Array and towards precision pulsar timing with SKA-mid
Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are Galactic-scale nanohertz-frequency gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Recently, several PTAs have found evidence for the presence of GWs in their datasets, but none of them have achieved a community-defined definitive (> 5$σ$) detection. Here, we identify limiting noise sources for PTAs and quantify their impact on sensitivity to GWs under different observing and noise modelling strategies. First, we search for intrinsic pulse jitter in a sample of 89 MSPs obser…

On Charge Conjugation, Correlations, Elitzur's Theorem and the Mass Gap Problem in Lattice $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills Models in $d=4$ Dimensions
Paulo A. Faria da Veiga, Michael O'Carroll
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03513

On Charge Conjugation, Correlations, Elitzur's Theorem and the Mass Gap Problem in Lattice $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills Models in $d=4$ Dimensions
We consider a four-dimensional Euclidean Wilson lattice Yang-Mills model with gauge group $SU(N)$, and the associated lattice Euclidean quantum field theory constructed by Osterwalder-Schrader-Seiler via a Feynman-Kac formula. In this model, to each lattice bond $b$ there is assigned a bond variable $U_b\in SU(N)$. Gluon fields are parameters in the Lie algebra of $SU(N)$. We define a charge conjugation operator $\mathcal C$ in the physical Hilbert space $H$ and prove that, for $N\not=2$, $H$ a…

Jaydon Blue 'very confident' heading into potential NFL debut vs. Jets https://www.dallascowboys.com/news/jaydon-blue-very-confident-heading-into-potential-nfl-debut-vs-jets

Maine Gov. Janet Mills (D)
is telling political allies that she is
likely to run for the Senate,
with some expecting an official announcement in the coming weeks.
Party leaders have been pressing the term-limited Mills to challenge Sen. Susan Collins,
the only GOP senator representing a state carried by former Vice President Kamala Harris

Scoop: Mills "likely" to run for Senate to try to defeat Susan Collins
Party leaders have been pressing the term-limited Mills to challenge GOP Sen. Susan Collins.

Parallel Alignments between Magnetic Fields and Dense Structures in the Central Molecular Zone
Xing Pan, Qizhou Zhang, Keping Qiu, Dylan Pare, David Chuss, Natalie Butterfield, Robin Tress, Mattia Sormani, Yuping Tang, Steven Longmore, Thushara Pillai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04599

Parallel Alignments between Magnetic Fields and Dense Structures in the Central Molecular Zone
The recent Far-Infrared Polarimetric Large-Area Central Molecular Zone Exploration (FIREPLACE) survey with SOFIA has mapped plane-of-the-sky magnetic field orientations within the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Milky Way. Applying the Histogram of Relative Orientation (HRO) analysis to the FIREPLACE data, we find that the relative orientation between magnetic fields and column density structures is random in low-density regions (2x10^22

Cowboys place S Malik Hooker (toe) on IR https://fieldlevelmedia.com/latest-stories?storyId=236087

Chronology of our Galaxy from Gaia colour-magnitude diagram fitting (ChronoGal): IV. On the inner Milky Way stellar age distribution
Tom\'as Ruiz-Lara, David Mirabal, Carme Gallart, Robert Grand, Francesca Fragkoudi, Isabel P\'erez, Santi Cassisi, Emma Fern\'andez-Alvar, Anna B. Queiroz, Guillem Aznar-Menargues, Yllari K. Gonz\'alez-Koda, Alicia Rivero, Francisco Surot, Guillaume F. Thomas, Rebekka Bieri, Facundo A. Gomez, R\"udiger Pakmor, Freeke van de Voort

Chronology of our Galaxy from Gaia colour-magnitude diagram fitting (ChronoGal): IV. On the inner Milky Way stellar age distribution
The Milky Way's inner region is dominated by a stellar bar and a boxy-peanut shaped bulge. However, which stellar populations inhabit the inner Galaxy or how star formation proceeded there is still unknown. The difficulty in studying these stars stems from their location in dense regions that are strongly impacted by extinction and crowding effects. In this work, we use star formation histories computed in the solar neighbourhood using Gaia Colour-Magnitude Diagram fitting to shed light onto th…