Tootfinder

Investigating the Lottery Ticket Hypothesis for Variational Quantum Circuits
Michael K\"olle, Leonhard Klingert, Julian Sch\"onberger, Philipp Altmann, Tobias Rohe, Claudia Linnhoff-Popien
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11190

Investigating the Lottery Ticket Hypothesis for Variational Quantum Circuits
Quantum computing is an emerging field in computer science that has seen considerable progress in recent years, especially in machine learning. By harnessing the principles of quantum physics, it can surpass the limitations of classical algorithms. However, variational quantum circuits (VQCs), which rely on adjustable parameters, often face the barren plateau phenomenon, hindering optimization. The Lottery Ticket Hypothesis (LTH) is a recent concept in classical machine learning that has led to…

The Platonic Universe: Do Foundation Models See the Same Sky?
UniverseTBD, :, Kshitij Duraphe, Michael J. Smith, Shashwat Sourav, John F. Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19453 ht…

The Platonic Universe: Do Foundation Models See the Same Sky?
We test the Platonic Representation Hypothesis (PRH) in astronomy by measuring representational convergence across a range of foundation models trained on different data types. Using spectroscopic and imaging observations from JWST, HSC, Legacy Survey, and DESI, we compare representations from vision transformers, self-supervised models, and astronomy-specific architectures via mutual $k$-nearest neighbour analysis. We observe consistent scaling: representational alignment generally increases w…

Why did the dark matter hypothesis supersede modified gravity in the 1980s?
Antonis Antoniou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11598 https://

Why did the dark matter hypothesis supersede modified gravity in the 1980s?
In the 1960s and 1970s a series of observations and theoretical developments highlighted the presence of several anomalies which could, in principle, be explained by postulating one of the following two working hypotheses: (i) the existence of dark matter, or (ii) the modification of standard gravitational dynamics in low accelerations. In the years that followed, the dark matter hypothesis as an explanation for dark matter phenomenology attracted far more attention compared to the hypothesis o…

High Effort, Low Gain: Fundamental Limits of Active Learning for Linear Dynamical Systems
Nicolas Chatzikiriakos, Kevin Jamieson, Andrea Iannelli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11907

High Effort, Low Gain: Fundamental Limits of Active Learning for Linear Dynamical Systems
In this work, we consider the problem of identifying an unknown linear dynamical system given a finite hypothesis class. In particular, we analyze the effect of the excitation input on the sample complexity of identifying the true system with high probability. To this end, we present sample complexity lower bounds that capture the choice of the selected excitation input. The sample complexity lower bound gives rise to a system theoretic condition to determine the potential benefit of experiment…