Weakening assumptions in the evaluation of treatment effects in longitudinal randomized trials with truncation by death or other intercurrent events
Intercurrent events, such as treatment switching, rescue medication, or truncation by death, can complicate the interpretation of intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses in randomized clinical trials. Recent advances in causal inference address these challenges by targeting alternative estimands, such as hypothetical estimands or principal stratum estimands (e.g., survivor average causal effects). However, such approaches often require strong, unverifiable assumptions, partly due to limited data on t…
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