Tootfinder

Where Do Tokens Go? Understanding Pruning Behaviors in STEP at High Resolutions
Michal Szczepanski, Martyna Poreba, Karim Haroun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14165 https://…

Where Do Tokens Go? Understanding Pruning Behaviors in STEP at High Resolutions
Vision Transformers (ViTs) achieve state-of-the-art performance in semantic segmentation but are hindered by high computational and memory costs. To address this, we propose STEP (SuperToken and Early-Pruning), a hybrid token-reduction framework that combines dynamic patch merging and token pruning to enhance efficiency without significantly compromising accuracy. At the core of STEP is dCTS, a lightweight CNN-based policy network that enables flexible merging into superpatches. Encoder blocks …

Black-box Model Merging for Language-Model-as-a-Service with Massive Model Repositories
Shilian Chen, Jie Zhou, Tianyu Huai, Yujiang Lu, Junsong Li, Bihao Zhan, Qianjun Pan, Yutao Yang, Xin Li, Qin Chen, Hang Yan, Liang He
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12951

Black-box Model Merging for Language-Model-as-a-Service with Massive Model Repositories
Model merging refers to the process of integrating multiple distinct models into a unified model that preserves and combines the strengths and capabilities of the individual models. Most existing approaches rely on task vectors to combine models, typically under the assumption that model parameters are accessible. However, for extremely large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4, which are often provided solely as black-box services through API interfaces (Language-Model-as-a-Service), model we…

Breaking the Aggregation Bottleneck in Federated Recommendation: A Personalized Model Merging Approach
Jundong Chen, Honglei Zhang, Chunxu Zhang, Fangyuan Luo, Yidong Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12386

Breaking the Aggregation Bottleneck in Federated Recommendation: A Personalized Model Merging Approach
Federated recommendation (FR) facilitates collaborative training by aggregating local models from massive devices, enabling client-specific personalization while ensuring privacy. However, we empirically and theoretically demonstrate that server-side aggregation can undermine client-side personalization, leading to suboptimal performance, which we term the aggregation bottleneck. This issue stems from the inherent heterogeneity across numerous clients in FR, which drives the globally aggregated…

TypedSchematics: A Block-based PCB Design Tool with Real-time Detection of Common Connection Errors
Jorge Garza, Steven Swanson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14576 https://

TypedSchematics: A Block-based PCB Design Tool with Real-time Detection of Common Connection Errors
Within PCB design, the reuse of circuit design blocks is a major preventing factor inhibiting beginners from reusing designs made by experts, a common practice in software but non-existent in circuit design at large. Despite efforts to improve reusability (e.g. block-based PCB design) by platforms such as SparkFun ALC and Altium Upverter, they lack merging techniques that safely guide users in connecting different circuit blocks without requiring assistance from third-party engineers. In this p…

SCDTour: Embedding Axis Ordering and Merging for Interpretable Semantic Change Detection
Taichi Aida, Danushka Bollegala
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11818 https://

SCDTour: Embedding Axis Ordering and Merging for Interpretable Semantic Change Detection
In Semantic Change Detection (SCD), it is a common problem to obtain embeddings that are both interpretable and high-performing. However, improving interpretability often leads to a loss in the SCD performance, and vice versa. To address this problem, we propose SCDTour, a method that orders and merges interpretable axes to alleviate the performance degradation of SCD. SCDTour considers both (a) semantic similarity between axes in the embedding space, as well as (b) the degree to which each axi…

Will @… get an option for showing a 'rebase && fast-forward' button instead of 'merge'?
Merging is almost never necessary and messes up the history.

jXBW: Fast Substructure Search in Large-Scale JSONL Datasets for Foundation Model Applications
Yasuo Tabei
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12536 https://arxiv.o…

jXBW: Fast Substructure Search in Large-Scale JSONL Datasets for Foundation Model Applications
Substructure search in JSON Lines (JSONL) datasets is essential for modern applications such as prompt engineering in foundation models, but existing methods suffer from prohibitive computational costs due to exhaustive tree traversal and subtree matching. We present jXBW, a fast method for substructure search on large-scale JSONL datasets. Our method makes three key technical contributions: (i) a merged tree representation built by merging trees of multiple JSON objects while preserving indivi…

Enhanced Radio Emission Between a Galaxy Cluster Pair
Andrea Botteon, Turgay Caglar, Sibel D\"oner, Reinout J. van Weeren, Krista Lynne Smith
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14348

Enhanced Radio Emission Between a Galaxy Cluster Pair
Interacting galaxy cluster pairs offer a unique opportunity to study the properties of the gas in the intracluster bridge connecting them. As a consequence of the encounter, both the X-ray and radio emission from the gas are expected to be enhanced by shocks and turbulence, facilitating their detection. PSZ2 G279.79+39.09 is likely an off-axis merging system at $z = 0.29$, with its two main components observed shortly after pericenter passage. In this paper, we investigate the presence of diffu…

Forbes: The past, present and future of brain-computer interfaces https://www.forbes.com/sites/robtoews/2025/10/05/these-are-the-startups-merging-your-brain-with-ai/ Will Part 2 address The vOICe non-invasive vision BCI for the blind? …

These Are The Startups Merging Your Brain With AI
Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) sound like science fiction to most people. But this technology is getting real, quickly.

Netflix is merging Scanline, the VFX company it acquired in 2021, with Eyeline, its virtual production and R&D unit, to form a one-stop shop for digital tools (Lucas Manfredi/The Wrap)
https://www.thewrap.com/netflix-scanline-vfx-eyeline-studios-m…

Inside Netflix's Bid to Supercharge Faster, Cheaper VFX Through Virtual Production and AI | Exclusive
Eyeline CEO Jeff Shapiro and Studio head Kevin Baillie pull back the curtain on the division's work, research and tools, from volumetric capture to generative AI

Adaptive Pareto-Optimal Token Merging for Edge Transformer Models in Semantic Communication
Omar Erak, Omar Alhussein, Hatem Abou-Zeid, Mehdi Bennis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09168

Adaptive Pareto-Optimal Token Merging for Edge Transformer Models in Semantic Communication
Large-scale transformer models have emerged as a powerful tool for semantic communication systems, enabling edge devices to extract rich representations for robust inference across noisy wireless channels. However, their substantial computational demands remain a major barrier to practical deployment in resource-constrained 6G networks. In this paper, we present a training-free framework for adaptive token merging in pretrained vision transformers to jointly reduce inference time and transmissi…

Continents have lost so much water to the ocean since 2002 that they have surpassed ice sheets as the biggest contributor to global sea level rise, a new study reveals.
Almost 70% of this loss is due to unchecked groundwater extraction,
which removes water from deep aquifers and eventually transfers it to the ocean, researchers found.
Together with rising rates of evaporation due to climate change, this has caused rapidly drying "hotspots" to merge into four &quo…

'Like a creeping mold that's spreading across the landscape': Separate dry areas around the world are merging into 'mega-drying' regions at an alarming rate, study finds
Unchecked groundwater extraction and climate change have dried continents significantly over the past 22 years, with 101 countries now losing fresh water to the ocean, research reveals.

Invariant Modeling for Joint Distributions
Christopher P. Chambers, Yusufcan Masatlioglu, Ruodu Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15165 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

Invariant Modeling for Joint Distributions
A common theme underlying many problems in statistics and economics involves the determination of a systematic method of selecting a joint distribution consistent with a specified list of categorical marginals, some of which have an ordinal structure. We propose guidance in narrowing down the set of possible methods by introducing Invariant Aggregation (IA), a natural property that requires merging adjacent categories in one marginal not to alter the joint distribution over unaffected values. W…

Merging Physics-Based Synthetic Data and Machine Learning for Thermal Monitoring of Lithium-ion Batteries: The Role of Data Fidelity
Yusheng Zheng, Wenxue Liu, Yunhong Che, Ferdinand Grimm, Jingyuan Zhao, Xiaosong Hu, Simona Onori, Remus Teodorescu, Gregory J. Offer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10380…

Merging Physics-Based Synthetic Data and Machine Learning for Thermal Monitoring of Lithium-ion Batteries: The Role of Data Fidelity
Since the internal temperature is less accessible than surface temperature, there is an urgent need to develop accurate and real-time estimation algorithms for better thermal management and safety. This work presents a novel framework for resource-efficient and scalable development of accurate, robust, and adaptive internal temperature estimation algorithms by blending physics-based modeling with machine learning, in order to address the key challenges in data collection, model parameterization…

The #IntraclusterLight of Abell 3667 - Unveiling an Optical Bridge in LSST Precursor Data: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ade8f1 -> ‘Bridge’ of stray stars reveals active merger of two galaxy clusters: https://www.brown.edu/news/2025-08-05/galaxy-merger - in a preview of observations that will be made routinely by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, astronomers found evidence indicating that a galaxy cluster is merging, a first for a nearby (astronomically speaking) cluster.

VisCodex: Unified Multimodal Code Generation via Merging Vision and Coding Models
Lingjie Jiang, Shaohan Huang, Xun Wu, Yixia Li, Dongdong Zhang, Furu Wei
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09945

VisCodex: Unified Multimodal Code Generation via Merging Vision and Coding Models
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced the integration of visual and textual understanding. However, their ability to generate code from multimodal inputs remains limited. In this work, we introduce VisCodex, a unified framework that seamlessly merges vision and coding language models to empower MLLMs with strong multimodal code generation abilities. Leveraging a task vector-based model merging technique, we integrate a state-of-the-art coding LLM into a strong vis…

Constraints on the early growth of massive black holes from PTA and JWST with L-GalaxiesBH
Silvia Bonoli, David Izquierdo-Villalba, Daniele Spinoso, Monica Colpi, Alberto Sesana, Markos Polkas, Volker Springel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12325

Constraints on the early growth of massive black holes from PTA and JWST with L-GalaxiesBH
Recent Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) results provided strong evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background (sGWB), consistent with a population of merging massive black holes (MBHs) at $z<1$. Meanwhile, JWST observations at $z>5$ suggest a higher number density of accreting MBHs than previously estimated. Together with constraints from local MBHs and high-$z$ quasars, these findings offer a unique opportunity to test MBH seeding and early growth models. We explore this using ${\tt L-Gal…

Replaced article(s) found for math.ST. https://arxiv.org/list/math.ST/new
[1/1]:
- Merging Rate of Opinions via Optimal Transport on Random Measures
Marta Catalano, Hugo Lavenant

After almost a week of refactoring and experimenting with several different approaches, I've updated my Zig nD SIMD vector library to be compatible with the latest Zig 0.15.1, and at the same time cleaned up some internals.
The solution I settled on is a mix of techniques proposed by others, and was needed due to the removal of the struct/namespace-merging syntax in the new Zig version, which this library heavily relies on. I don't like that the new source code is now more than…

zig-thing/src/vectors.zig at main · thi-ng/zig-thing
Small collection of data types/structures, utilities & open-learning with Zig - thi-ng/zig-thing

Merging Bodies, Dividing Conflict: Body-Swapping in Mixed Reality Increases Closeness Yet Weakens the Joint Simon Effect
Yuan He, Brendan Rooney, Rachel McDonnell
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09815

Merging Bodies, Dividing Conflict: Body-Swapping in Mixed Reality Increases Closeness Yet Weakens the Joint Simon Effect
Mixed Reality (MR) presents novel opportunities to investigate how individuals perceive themselves and others during shared, augmented experiences within a common physical environment. Previous research has demonstrated that users can embody avatars in MR, temporarily extending their sense of self. However, there has been limited exploration of body-swapping, a condition in which two individuals simultaneously inhabit each other's avatars, and its potential effects on social interaction in imme…

Derivation and Verification of Array Sorting by Merging, and its Certification in Dafny
Juan Pablo Carbonell, Jos\'e E. Solsona, Nora Szasz, \'Alvaro Tasistro
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01758

Derivation and Verification of Array Sorting by Merging, and its Certification in Dafny
We provide full certifications of two versions of merge sort of arrays in the verification-aware programming language Dafny. We start by considering schemas for applying the divide-and-conquer or partition method of solution to specifications given by pre- and post-conditions involving linear arrays. We then derive the merge sort and merging algorithms as instances of these schemas, thereby arriving at a fully recursive formulation. Further, the analysis of the tree of subproblems arising from …

STaTS: Structure-Aware Temporal Sequence Summarization via Statistical Window Merging
Disharee Bhowmick, Ranjith Ramanathan, Sathyanarayanan N. Aakur
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09593

STaTS: Structure-Aware Temporal Sequence Summarization via Statistical Window Merging
Time series data often contain latent temporal structure, transitions between locally stationary regimes, repeated motifs, and bursts of variability, that are rarely leveraged in standard representation learning pipelines. Existing models typically operate on raw or fixed-window sequences, treating all time steps as equally informative, which leads to inefficiencies, poor robustness, and limited scalability in long or noisy sequences. We propose STaTS, a lightweight, unsupervised framework for …

Tiny-R1V: Lightweight Multimodal Unified Reasoning Model via Model Merging
Qixiang Yin, Huanjin Yao, Jianghao Chen, Jiaxing Huang, Zhicheng Zhao, Fei Su
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08987

Tiny-R1V: Lightweight Multimodal Unified Reasoning Model via Model Merging
Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, they encounter numerous challenges in terms of reasoning efficiency, such as large model size, overthinking, and compromised accuracy in lightweight scenarios. However, research on the reasoning capabilities of lightweight MLLMs is quite lacking. To this end, we propose Tiny-R1V, a novel lightweight 3B model that achieves faster inference and higher accuracy via a two-stage optimiza…

Testing the Role of Merging Binaries in the Formation of the Split Main Sequence in Young Clusters
Nate Bastian, Sebastian Kamann, Florian Niederhofer, Sara Saracino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07708

Testing the Role of Merging Binaries in the Formation of the Split Main Sequence in Young Clusters
A number of theories have been put forward to explain the bi-modal stellar rotational distribution observed in young massive clusters. These include stellar mergers and interactions induced in binary systems, and the role of angular momentum transfer between a star and its circumstellar disk in its early evolution. Each theory predicts unique rotation distributions in various locations of the colour-magnitude diagram. Specifically, the stellar merger hypothesis posits that the upper end of the …

Disney's merging of Hulu into Disney could reduce operating costs, as Hulu will hit $4.1B in programming expenses and $2.9B in non-programming costs in FY 2025 (Todd Spangler/Variety)
https://variety.com/2025/digital/news/dis…

Why Disney Is Shutting Down Hulu App: Disney+ Integration to Save Billions in Costs
Disney could eliminate billions in operating expenses by merging Hulu fully into Disney+ and phasing out Hulu as a standalone app and service.

Optimal Planning for Multi-Robot Simultaneous Area and Line Coverage Using Hierarchical Cyclic Merging Regulation
Tianyuan Zheng, Jingang Yi, Kaiyan Yu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04981

Optimal Planning for Multi-Robot Simultaneous Area and Line Coverage Using Hierarchical Cyclic Merging Regulation
The double coverage problem focuses on determining efficient, collision-free routes for multiple robots to simultaneously cover linear features (e.g., surface cracks or road routes) and survey areas (e.g., parking lots or local regions) in known environments. In these problems, each robot carries two functional roles: service (linear feature footprint coverage) and exploration (complete area coverage). Service has a smaller operational footprint but incurs higher costs (e.g., time) compared to …

OpenAI is merging its Model Behavior team with its Post Training group to bring the work of the Model Behavior team closer to core model development (Maxwell Zeff/TechCrunch)
https://techcrunch.com/2025/09/05/openai-reorganizes-research-team-be…

OpenAI reorganizes research team behind ChatGPT's personality | TechCrunch
OpenAI is shuffling the team that shapes its AI models' behavior, and its leader is moving on to another project within the company.

The merger of spinning, accreting supermassive black hole binaries
Lorenzo Ennoggi, Manuela Campanelli, Julian Krolik, Scott C. Noble, Yosef Zlochower, Maria Chiara de Simone
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10319

The merger of spinning, accreting supermassive black hole binaries
Because they are likely to accrete substantial amounts of interstellar gas, merging supermassive binary black holes are expected to be strong multimessenger sources, radiating gravitational waves, photons from thermal gas, and photons from relativistic electrons energized by relativistic jets. Here we report on a numerical simulation that covers the late inspiral, merger, and initial postmerger phase of such a system where both black holes have the same mass and spin, and both spin axes are par…

Quasinormal modes from numerical relativity with Bayesian inference
Richard Dyer, Christopher J. Moore
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11783 https://arxiv.org/p…

Quasinormal modes from numerical relativity with Bayesian inference
Numerical relativity (NR) enables the study of physics in strong and dynamical gravitational fields and provides predictions for the gravitational-wave signals produced by merging black holes. Despite the impressive accuracy of modern codes, the resulting waveforms inevitably contain numerical uncertainties. Quantifying these uncertainties is important, especially for studies probing subdominant or nonlinear effects around the merger and ringdown. This paper describes a flexible Gaussian-proces…

RCP-Merging: Merging Long Chain-of-Thought Models with Domain-Specific Models by Considering Reasoning Capability as Prior
Junyao Yang, Jianwei Wang, Huiping Zhuang, Cen Chen, Ziqian Zeng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03140

RCP-Merging: Merging Long Chain-of-Thought Models with Domain-Specific Models by Considering Reasoning Capability as Prior
Large Language Models (LLMs) with long chain-of-thought (CoT) capability, termed Reasoning Models, demonstrate superior intricate problem-solving abilities through multi-step long CoT reasoning. To create a dual-capability model with long CoT capability and domain-specific knowledge without substantial computational and data costs, model merging emerges as a highly resource-efficient method. However, significant challenges lie in merging domain-specific LLMs with long CoT ones since nowadays me…

Scalable Learning of One-Counter Automata via State-Merging Algorithms
Shibashis Guha, Anirban Majumdar, Prince Mathew, A. V. Sreejith
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05762 https://

Scalable Learning of One-Counter Automata via State-Merging Algorithms
We propose One-counter Positive Negative Inference (OPNI), a passive learning algorithm for deterministic real-time one-counter automata (DROCA). Inspired by the RPNI algorithm for regular languages, OPNI constructs a DROCA consistent with any given valid sample set. We further present a method for combining OPNI with active learning of DROCA, and provide an implementation of the approach. Our experimental results demonstrate that this approach scales more effectively than existing state-of-t…

BaldWhisper: Faster Whisper with Head Shearing and Layer Merging
Yaya Sy, Christophe Cerisara, Irina Illina
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08599 https://arxiv.…

BaldWhisper: Faster Whisper with Head Shearing and Layer Merging
Pruning large pre-trained transformers for low-resource languages is challenging, as it often requires massive retraining data to recover performance. For instance, Distill-Whisper prunes Whisper by 40% and retrains on 21,000 hours of speech, far beyond what is available for most languages. Can Whisper be made lighter and faster for edge devices in data-scarce settings? Focusing on Bambara with only 32h of speech-to-text data, we propose a new pruning recipe. Instead of vocabulary pruning, whic…

Accurate and Efficient Low-Rank Model Merging in Core Space
Aniello Panariello, Daniel Marczak, Simone Magistri, Angelo Porrello, Bart{\l}omiej Twardowski, Andrew D. Bagdanov, Simone Calderara, Joost van de Weijer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17786

Accurate and Efficient Low-Rank Model Merging in Core Space
In this paper, we address the challenges associated with merging low-rank adaptations of large neural networks. With the rise of parameter-efficient adaptation techniques, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), model fine-tuning has become more accessible. While fine-tuning models with LoRA is highly efficient, existing merging methods often sacrifice this efficiency by merging fully-sized weight matrices. We propose the Core Space merging framework, which enables the merging of LoRA-adapted model…

A Comparative Analysis on ASR System Combination for Attention, CTC, Factored Hybrid, and Transducer Models
Noureldin Bayoumi, Robin Schmitt, Tina Raissi, Albert Zeyer, Ralf Schl\"uter, Hermann Ney
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09880

A Comparative Analysis on ASR System Combination for Attention, CTC, Factored Hybrid, and Transducer Models
Combination approaches for speech recognition (ASR) systems cover structured sentence-level or word-based merging techniques as well as combination of model scores during beam search. In this work, we compare model combination across popular ASR architectures. Our method leverages the complementary strengths of different models in exploring diverse portions of the search space. We rescore a joint hypothesis list of two model candidates. We then identify the best hypothesis through log-linear co…

Towards Accurate and Scalable High-throughput MOF Adsorption Screening: Merging Classical Force Fields and Universal Machine Learned Interatomic Potentials
Satyanarayana Bonakala, Mohammad Wahiduzzaman, Taku Watanabe, Karim Hamzaoui, Guillaume Maurin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06719

Towards Accurate and Scalable High-throughput MOF Adsorption Screening: Merging Classical Force Fields and Universal Machine Learned Interatomic Potentials
High-throughput computational screening (HTCS) of gas adsorption in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) typically relies on classical generic force fields such as the Universal Force Field (UFF), which are efficient but often fail to capture complex host-guest interactions. Universal machine-learned interatomic potentials (u-MLIPs) offer near-quantum accuracy at far lower cost than density functional theory (DFT), yet their large-scale application in adsorption screening remains limited. Here, we p…

@… It’s something to aspire to, though. We could get much closer if we shared graphs, rather than free text. Graph merging is in some respects more complicated than text merging, but there’s been a lot of progress recently (see Difftastic).

Integrated Take-off Management and Trajectory Optimization for Merging Control in Urban Air Mobility Corridors
Yingqi Liu, Tianlu Pan, Jingjun Tan, Renxin Zhong, Can Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15395

Integrated Take-off Management and Trajectory Optimization for Merging Control in Urban Air Mobility Corridors
Urban Air Mobility (UAM) has the potential to revolutionize daily transportation, offering rapid and efficient aerial mobility services. Take-off and merging phases are critical for air corridor operations, requiring the coordination of take-off aircraft and corridor traffic while ensuring safety and seamless transition. This paper proposes an integrated take-off management and trajectory optimization for merging control in UAM corridors. We first introduce a novel take-off airspace design. To …

Crosslisted article(s) found for eess.IV. https://arxiv.org/list/eess.IV/new
[1/1]:
- Adaptive Pareto-Optimal Token Merging for Edge Transformer Models in Semantic Communication
Omar Erak, Omar Alhussein, Hatem Abou-Zeid, Mehdi Bennis

Modeling in the Design Multiverse
Sylvain Gu\'erin, Salvador Martinez, Ciprian Teodorov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06530 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.065…

Modeling in the Design Multiverse
Real-world design processes often involve the evolution and divergence of design paths (by branching, revising, merging, etc.), especially when multiple stakeholders or teams operate concurrently and/or explore different alternatives for complex and heterogeneous systems. Unfortunately, this variability in time and space can not be directly managed in current modeling spaces but requires resorting to external tools and methodologies. In order to tackle this problem, we introduce the Design Mu…

ClustViT: Clustering-based Token Merging for Semantic Segmentation
Fabio Montello, Ronja G\"uldenring, Lazaros Nalpantidis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01948 https://

ClustViT: Clustering-based Token Merging for Semantic Segmentation
Vision Transformers can achieve high accuracy and strong generalization across various contexts, but their practical applicability on real-world robotic systems is limited due to their quadratic attention complexity. Recent works have focused on dynamically merging tokens according to the image complexity. Token merging works well for classification but is less suited to dense prediction. We propose ClustViT, where we expand upon the Vision Transformer (ViT) backbone and address semantic segmen…

JWST ALMA reveal the ISM kinematics and stellar structure of MAMBO-9, a merging pair of DSFGs in an overdense environment at $z=5.85$
Hollis B. Akins, Caitlin M. Casey, Jaclyn B. Champagne, Olivia Cooper, Maximilien Franco, Seiji Fujimoto, Kirsten K. Knudsen, Anton M. Koekemoer, Arianna S. Long, Allison Man, Sinclaire M. Manning, Jed McKinney, Jorge Zavala, Pablo Arrabal Haro, Mark Dickinson, Vasily Kokorev, Anthony J. Taylor

JWST+ALMA reveal the ISM kinematics and stellar structure of MAMBO-9, a merging pair of DSFGs in an overdense environment at $z=5.85$
We present high-resolution ALMA [CII] 158 micron observations and JWST/NIRCam+MIRI imaging of MAMBO-9, a pair of optically-dark, dusty star-forming galaxies at $z=5.85$. MAMBO-9 is among the most massive, gas-rich, and actively star-forming galaxies at this epoch, when the Universe was less than 1 Gyr old. The new, 400 pc-resolution [CII] observations reveal velocity gradients in both objects; we estimate dynamical masses and find a relative mass ratio of 1:5. The kinematics of both objects sug…

On Transferring, Merging, and Splitting Task-Oriented Network Digital Twins
Zifan Zhang, Minghong Fang, Mingzhe Chen, Yuchen Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02551 https://…

On Transferring, Merging, and Splitting Task-Oriented Network Digital Twins
The integration of digital twinning technologies is driving next-generation networks toward new capabilities, allowing operators to thoroughly understand network conditions, efficiently analyze valuable radio data, and innovate applications through user-friendly, immersive interfaces. Building on this foundation, network digital twins (NDTs) accurately depict the operational processes and attributes of network infrastructures, facilitating predictive management through real-time analysis and me…

Swift Memory Burden in Merging Black Holes: how information load affects black hole's classical dynamics
Gia Dvali
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22540 https://

Swift Memory Burden in Merging Black Holes: how information load affects black hole's classical dynamics
In this paper we argue that the information load carried by a black hole affects its classical perturbations. We refer to this phenomenon as the ``swift memory burden effect" and show that it is universal for objects of high efficiency of information storage. The effect is expected to have observable manifestations, for example, in mergers of astrophysical black holes in Einstein gravity. The black holes with different information loads, although degenerate in the ground state, respond very dif…

👋 Hello! I’m Łukasz. Thirty-something, living in Warsaw, Poland. On fedi since 2021 or so. Right now, I'm merging my two accounts into one and giving this profile a fresh new start.
I live a few parallel lives.
Most of the time I’m a web developer. I work with TypeScript, React and all that jazz. But I still enjoy static site generators and good ol’ HTML/CSS.
In another life, I’m a documentary photographer and photojournalist. I’m interested in activism, art and culture, politics, and pretty much anything interesting happening on city streets. A big part of my photography journey involves documenting protests and demonstrations in Poland, especially those related to human rights and social issues. I’m also drawn to street art, particularly when it carries strong messages.
I occasionally blog and translate. Many years ago I wrote two books about WordPress. However, these days I’m more likely to go outside and touch grass than spend even more time in front of a screen.
Outside of that, expect me to post about mental health and politics. I promise to use CWs when appropriate.
I post in both English and Polish, depending on the topic.
Aaaand that’s it. Nice to meet you! ☺️
#introduction

An SIDM simulation of the merging cluster El Gordo and its tension between the post collision DM density profiles and weak lensing constraints
R. Valdarnini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01298

An SIDM simulation of the merging cluster El Gordo and its tension between the post collision DM density profiles and weak lensing constraints
We review recent findings from a detailed simulation study of the merging cluster El Gordo and present new results inferred from weak lensing data. We found that the observed spatial offsets between the different mass components are well reproduced in merging simulations that include self-interacting dark matter (DM), with an elastic cross-section per unit mass of approximately σ_DM/m_X ~ 4 -5 cm^2/gr. Moreover, a relative line-of-sight peculiar velocity on the order of several hundred km/s is…

Sources: China held talks about merging a group of chip equipment makers into a national champion but faced pushback over ownership structure and valuation (Financial Times)
https://www.ft.com/content/579fbffe-9add-466a-8d72-31d12151c040

Rethinking Layer-wise Model Merging through Chain of Merges
Pietro Buzzega, Riccardo Salami, Angelo Porrello, Simone Calderara
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21421 https://

Rethinking Layer-wise Model Merging through Chain of Merges
Fine-tuning pretrained models has become a standard pathway to achieve state-of-the-art performance across a wide range of domains, leading to a proliferation of task-specific model variants. As the number of such specialized modules in-creases, merging them into a unified model without retraining has become a critical challenge. Existing merging techniques often rely on interference heuristics,importance weighting, or activation matching while treating each layer independently, thereby failing…

Splitting and Merging of Stagnation Points of Solutions to the 2D Navier-Stokes Equations
Isidro Benaroya, Alberto Enciso, Daniel Peralta-Salas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00784 …

Splitting and Merging of Stagnation Points of Solutions to the 2D Navier-Stokes Equations
We construct solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations on $\mathbf{R}^2$ with an arbitrary number of stagnation points which merge and split along trajectories that can be prescribed freely, up to a small deformation.

Recoil-Safe Subtraction, Matching and Merging in e e- to hadrons
Stefan H\"oche, Frank Krauss, Peter Meinzinger, Daniel Reichelt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22837 https://…

Recoil-Safe Subtraction, Matching and Merging in e+e- to hadrons
We present the first next-to-leading order matched and multi-jet merged predictions based on the Alaric parton shower. The components needed for infrared subtraction in the S-MC@NLO algorithm are computed analytically for the case of color singlet decays to hadronic final states and validated against existing approaches for up to e+e- to 5 jets. Phenomenological results for e+e- to hadrons at the Z pole are obtained with up to five jets at next-to-leading order precision, for the first time usi…

RAG has revolutionised AI by merging search and generation. Agentic behaviour takes this search to the next level by enabling LLMs to make decisions and call tools. At Berlin Buzzwords 2025, Bilge Yücel discussed how agentic behaviour enhances pipelines, what it means for a system to act as an 'agent', and core concepts such as routing, tool calling and reasoning, along with a live demo.
Watch the full session: #bbuzz returns on 7-9 June 2026: https://tickets.plainschwarz.com/bbuzz26/c/uIWaci8Cm/

Why and when merging surface nanobubbles jump
Yixin Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Detlef Lohse
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22934 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.22934

Why and when merging surface nanobubbles jump
Gas bubble accumulation on substrates reduces the efficiency of many physicochemical processes, such as water electrolysis. For microbubbles, where buoyancy is negligible, coalescence-induced jumping driven by the release of surface energy provides an efficient pathway for their early detachment. At the nanoscale, however, gas compressibility breaks volume conservation during coalescence, suppressing surface energy release and seemingly disabling this detachment route. Using molecular dynamics …

On The Road - To Xi’An ⛅️
在路上 - 去西安 ⛅️
📷 Minolta Hi-Matic AF
🎞️Kentmere Pan 200
#filmphotography #Photography #blackandwhite

The Thinking Spectrum: An Emperical Study of Tunable Reasoning in LLMs through Model Merging
Xiaochong Lan, Yu Zheng, Shiteng Cao, Yong Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22034 https…

The Thinking Spectrum: An Emperical Study of Tunable Reasoning in LLMs through Model Merging
The growing demand for large language models (LLMs) with tunable reasoning capabilities in many real-world applications highlights a critical need for methods that can efficiently produce a spectrum of models balancing reasoning depth and computational cost. Model merging has emerged as a promising, training-free technique to address this challenge by arithmetically combining the weights of a general-purpose model with a specialized reasoning model. While various merging techniques exist, their…

Do both black holes spin in merging binaries? Evidence from GWTC-4 and astrophysical implications
Christian Adamcewicz, Nir Guttman, Paul D. Lasky, Eric Thrane
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04706

Do both black holes spin in merging binaries? Evidence from GWTC-4 and astrophysical implications
Angular momentum transport in high-mass stars is commonly modeled by extrapolating the behavior of better-observed low-mass stars. According to the conventional picture, the cores of most black hole progenitors lose almost all of their angular momentum when their outer layers are ejected before core collapse. Accordingly, most black holes are expected to be born with dimensionless spin magnitudes of $χ\lesssim 0.01$, even if some black holes are born with non-negligible spin due to tidal inter…

Apparently some HR departments (Human Resources) and IT departments (Information Technology) are joining forces because reasons.
Why not shorten the acronym to HRT? 🤔 🤔 🤔
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cy0w8gvq84xo

Inferring the spins of merging black holes in the presence of data-quality issues
Rhiannon Udall, Sophie Bini, Katerina Chatziioannou, Derek Davis, Sophie Hourihane, Yannick Lecoeuche, Jess McIver, Simona Miller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05029

Inferring the spins of merging black holes in the presence of data-quality issues
Gravitational waves from black hole binary mergers carry information about the component spins, but inference is sensitive to analysis assumptions, which may be broken by terrestrial noise transients known as glitches. Using a variety of simulated glitches and gravitational wave signals, we study the conditions under which glitches can bias spin measurements. We confirm the theoretical expectation that inference and subtraction of glitches invariably leaves behind residual power due to statisti…

Modeling the Impact of Communication and Human Uncertainties on Runway Capacity in Terminal Airspace
Yutian Pang, Andrew Kendall, John-Paul Clarke
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09943

Modeling the Impact of Communication and Human Uncertainties on Runway Capacity in Terminal Airspace
We investigate the potential impact of communication and human performance uncertainties on runway operations. Specifically, we consider these impacts within the context of an arrival scenario with two converging flows: a straight-in approach stream and a downwind stream merging into it. Both arrival stream are modeled using a modified Possion distribution that incorporate the separation minima as well as the runway occupancy time. Various system level uncertainties are addressed in this proces…

The LCLStream Ecosystem for Multi-Institutional Dataset Exploration
David Rogers, Valerio Mariani, Cong Wang, Ryan Coffee, Wilko Kroeger, Murali Shankar, Hans Thorsten Schwander, Tom Beck, Fr\'ed\'eric Poitevin, Jana Thayer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04012

The LCLStream Ecosystem for Multi-Institutional Dataset Exploration
We describe a new end-to-end experimental data streaming framework designed from the ground up to support new types of applications -- AI training, extremely high-rate X-ray time-of-flight analysis, crystal structure determination with distributed processing, and custom data science applications and visualizers yet to be created. Throughout, we use design choices merging cloud microservices with traditional HPC batch execution models for security and flexibility. This project makes a unique con…

Dropping Experts, Recombining Neurons: Retraining-Free Pruning for Sparse Mixture-of-Experts LLMs
Yixiao Zhou, Ziyu Zhao, Dongzhou Cheng, zhiliang wu, Jie Gui, Yi Yang, Fei Wu, Yu Cheng, Hehe Fan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10377

Dropping Experts, Recombining Neurons: Retraining-Free Pruning for Sparse Mixture-of-Experts LLMs
Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (SMoE) architectures are widely used in large language models (LLMs) due to their computational efficiency. However, though only a few experts are activated for each token, SMoE still requires loading all expert parameters, leading to high memory usage and challenges in deployment. Previous work has tried to reduce the overhead by pruning and merging experts, but primarily focused on expert-level operations, leaving neuron-level structure underexplored. We propose DERN…

Learning Event-recording Automata Passively
Anirban Majumdar, Sayan Mukherjee, Jean-Fran\c{c}ois Raskin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03627 https://arxiv.org/…

Learning Event-recording Automata Passively
This paper presents a state-merging algorithm for learning timed languages definable by Event-Recording Automata (ERA) using positive and negative samples in the form of symbolic timed words. Our algorithm, LEAP (Learning Event-recording Automata Passively), constructs a possibly nondeterministic ERA from such samples based on merging techniques. We prove that determining whether two ERA states can be merged while preserving sample consistency is an NP-complete problem, and address this with a …

JVLA and VLBA study of the merging cool core CHIPS 1911 4455 at z~0.5: radio emission from an infant AGN and from a rapidly star-forming BCG
Francesco Ubertosi, Myriam Gitti, Pasquale Temi, Ewan O'Sullivan, Valeria Olivares, Gerrit Schellenberger, Fabrizio Brighenti, Marcello Giroletti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04778

JVLA and VLBA study of the merging cool core CHIPS 1911+4455 at z~0.5: radio emission from an infant AGN and from a rapidly star-forming BCG
Recent studies of galaxy clusters found peculiar cases at the boundary between non-cool core and cool core systems. While unusual, these objects can help us understand the evolution of the most massive clusters. We investigated the role of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback in the starburst brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of the merging cool core cluster CHIPS 1911+4455 (z = 0.485). We conducted new multifrequency (0.3 - 5 GHz) Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) and Jansky Very Large Array (JVL…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.IT. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.IT/new
[1/1]:
- Algorithmic randomness and the weak merging of computable probability measures
Simon M. Huttegger, Sean Walsh, Francesca Zaffora Blando

Are Robust LLM Fingerprints Adversarially Robust?
Anshul Nasery, Edoardo Contente, Alkin Kaz, Pramod Viswanath, Sewoong Oh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26598 https://

Are Robust LLM Fingerprints Adversarially Robust?
Model fingerprinting has emerged as a promising paradigm for claiming model ownership. However, robustness evaluations of these schemes have mostly focused on benign perturbations such as incremental fine-tuning, model merging, and prompting. Lack of systematic investigations into {\em adversarial robustness} against a malicious model host leaves current systems vulnerable. To bridge this gap, we first define a concrete, practical threat model against model fingerprinting. We then take a critic…

Crosslisted article(s) found for cs.LO. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.LO/new
[1/1]:
- Scalable Learning of One-Counter Automata via State-Merging Algorithms
Shibashis Guha, Anirban Majumdar, Prince Mathew, A. V. Sreejith

Hot #cosmology papers ...
The Perfect Host - JWST Cepheid Observations in a Background-Free SN Ia Host Confirm No Bias in Hubble-Constant Measurements: https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01667
Glimmers in the Cosmic Dawn - On the Photometrically Determined Black Hole Mass to Stellar Mass Relation Across Cosmic Time: https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15905
The coherent satellite velocity field around the interacting spiral galaxy pair NGC5713/19 - signature of two galaxy groups merging: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/542/1/62/8215207?login=false
Looking beyond lambda: https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00359

Competition and Attraction Improve Model Fusion
Jo\~ao Abrantes, Robert Tjarko Lange, Yujin Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16204 https://arxiv.org/pdf/250…

Competition and Attraction Improve Model Fusion
Model merging is a powerful technique for integrating the specialized knowledge of multiple machine learning models into a single model. However, existing methods require manually partitioning model parameters into fixed groups for merging, which restricts the exploration of potential combinations and limits performance. To overcome these limitations, we propose Model Merging of Natural Niches (M2N2), an evolutionary algorithm with three key features: (1) dynamic adjustment of merging boundarie…

GW231123: a Possible Primordial Black Hole Origin
Valerio De Luca, Gabriele Franciolini, Antonio Riotto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09965 https://arxiv.org/…

GW231123: a Possible Primordial Black Hole Origin
GW231123, the heaviest binary black hole merger detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration to date, lies in the pair-instability mass gap and exhibits unusually high component spins. In this letter, we show that both merging black holes may have a primordial origin with smaller initial masses. The observed masses and, crucially, the spins of GW231123 are naturally accommodated within the most vanilla primordial black hole framework, once cosmological accretion is taken into account. Interes…

Report: Douyin is merging its online shopping and instant delivery platforms, as ByteDance takes on Alibaba, JD.com, and Meituan in China's quick delivery race (Hannah Wang/South China Morning Post)
https://www.scmp.com/tech/big-tech/art…

ByteDance heats up China’s instant delivery race with Alibaba, Meituan
The company is integrating Douyin Supermarket and Douyin Hourly Delivery, as it strives to strengthen its e-commerce business.

Family Matters: Language Transfer and Merging for Adapting Small LLMs to Faroese
Jenny Kunz, Iben Nyholm Debess, Annika Simonsen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00810 https://…

Family Matters: Language Transfer and Merging for Adapting Small LLMs to Faroese
We investigate how to adapt small, efficient LLMs to Faroese, a low-resource North Germanic language. Starting from English models, we continue pre-training on related Scandinavian languages, either individually or combined via merging, before fine-tuning on Faroese. We compare full fine-tuning with parameter-efficient tuning using LoRA, evaluating their impact on both linguistic accuracy and text comprehension. Due to the lack of existing Faroese evaluation data, we construct two new minimal-p…

On the Effect of Token Merging on Pre-trained Models for Code
Mootez Saad, Hao Li, Tushar Sharma, Ahmed E. Hassan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14423 https://…

On the Effect of Token Merging on Pre-trained Models for Code
Tokenization is a fundamental component of language models for code. It involves breaking down the input into units that are later passed to the language model stack to learn high-dimensional representations used in various contexts, from classification to generation. However, the output of these tokenizers is often longer than that traditionally used in compilers and interpreters. This could result in undesirable effects, such as increased computational overhead. In this work, we investigate t…

Beyond Seamless: Unexpected Defective Merging in Single-Orientation Graphene
Zhien Wang, Jiangtao Wang, Diego Exposito, Andrey Krayev, Shih-Ming He, Xudong Zheng, Zachariah Hennighausen, Ivan Brihuega, Se-Young Jeong, Jing Kong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21908

Beyond Seamless: Unexpected Defective Merging in Single-Orientation Graphene
Single-orientation stitching of graphene has emerged as the predominant method for growth of large-area, high-quality graphene films. Particularly noteworthy is graphene grown on single-crystalline Cu(111)/sapphire substrates, which exhibits exceptionally planar oriented stitching due to the atomically smooth substrate, facilitating the formation of continuous, high-quality graphene monolayer. These single-orientation stitches have conventionally been regarded as seamless with negligible defect…

Why Evolve When You Can Adapt? Post-Evolution Adaptation of Genetic Memory for On-the-Fly Control
Hamze Hammami, Eva Denisa Barbulescu, Talal Shaikh, Mouayad Aldada, Muhammad Saad Munawar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03600

Why Evolve When You Can Adapt? Post-Evolution Adaptation of Genetic Memory for On-the-Fly Control
Imagine a robot controller with the ability to adapt like human synapses, dynamically rewiring itself to overcome unforeseen challenges in real time. This paper proposes a novel zero-shot adaptation mechanism for evolutionary robotics, merging a standard Genetic Algorithm (GA) controller with online Hebbian plasticity. Inspired by biological systems, the method separates learning and memory, with the genotype acting as memory and Hebbian updates handling learning. In our approach, the fitness f…

Competition and Attraction Improve Model Fusion
Jo\~ao Abrantes, Robert Tjarko Lange, Yujin Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16204 https://arxiv.org/pdf/250…

Competition and Attraction Improve Model Fusion
Model merging is a powerful technique for integrating the specialized knowledge of multiple machine learning models into a single model. However, existing methods require manually partitioning model parameters into fixed groups for merging, which restricts the exploration of potential combinations and limits performance. To overcome these limitations, we propose Model Merging of Natural Niches (M2N2), an evolutionary algorithm with three key features: (1) dynamic adjustment of merging boundarie…

Good things always come in 3s: trimodality in the binary black-hole chirp-mass distribution supports bimodal black-hole formation
Reinhold Willcox, Fabian R. N. Schneider, Eva Laplace, Philipp Podsiadlowski, Kiril Maltsev, Ilya Mandel, Pablo Marchant, Hugues Sana, Tjonnie G. F. Li, Thomas Hertog
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07573

Good things always come in 3s: trimodality in the binary black-hole chirp-mass distribution supports bimodal black-hole formation
The latest GWTC-4 release from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration nearly doubles the known population of double compact object mergers and reveals a new trimodal structure in the chirp-mass distribution of merging binary black holes (BBHs) below 30 Msun. Recent detailed stellar evolution models show that features in the pre-collapse cores of massive stars produce a bimodal black hole (BH) mass distribution, which naturally extends to a trimodal BBH chirp-mass distribution. Both distributi…

A Linearly Polarized Merger Shock Down to 550 MHz: A uGMRT Study of the Merging Cluster Abell 746
Arpan Pal, Ruta Kale, Reinout J. van Weeren
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19516 ht…

A Linearly Polarized Merger Shock Down to 550 MHz: A uGMRT Study of the Merging Cluster Abell 746
Radio relics, arc-like polarized sources with highly aligned magnetic fields, are typically found on the outskirts of merging galaxy clusters. The magneto-ionic media responsible for the significant coherence observed in radio relics remain poorly understood. Low-frequency measurements of radio relics are essential for constraining depolarization models, which provide crucial insights into the magnetic field distribution. However, these measurements are challenging due to the emission propertie…

Replaced article(s) found for cond-mat.soft. https://arxiv.org/list/cond-mat.soft/new
[1/1]:
- Geometry-Dependent Defect Merging Induces Bifurcated Dynamics in Active Networks
Fan Yang, Shichen Liu, Hao Wang, Heun Jin Lee, Rob Phillips, Matt Thomson

Accretion, Jets, and Recoil in Merging Supermassive Binary Black Holes
Maria Chiara de Simone (RIT), Manuela Campanelli (RIT), Lorenzo Ennoggi (RIT), Carlos O. Lousto (RIT), Yosef Zlochower (RIT)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05883

Accretion, Jets, and Recoil in Merging Supermassive Binary Black Holes
We report the first 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulation that captures the full, self-consistent evolution from the late inspiral through merger and subsequent recoil of a supermassive binary black hole (SMBBH) with misaligned spins embedded in an equilibrated circumbinary disk (CBD). Our full numerical simulation follows the final 40 orbits of the inspiral and merger of the binary, following an initial phase of 165 orbits of CBD evolution toward equilibrium. We find t…

Interviews with Panos Panay and other Amazon execs about Alexa , recruiting from Microsoft's hardware team, merging hardware and software teams like Apple, more (Mark Gurman/Bloomberg)
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/20

FlyLoRA: Boosting Task Decoupling and Parameter Efficiency via Implicit Rank-Wise Mixture-of-Experts
Heming Zou, Yunliang Zang, Wutong Xu, Yao Zhu, Xiangyang Ji
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08396

FlyLoRA: Boosting Task Decoupling and Parameter Efficiency via Implicit Rank-Wise Mixture-of-Experts
Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely used parameter-efficient fine-tuning method for foundation models, but it suffers from parameter interference, resulting in suboptimal performance. Although Mixture-of-Experts (MoE)-based LoRA variants show promise in mitigating intra-task correlations in single-task instruction tuning, they introduce additional router parameters and remain ineffective in multi-task model merging where inter-task interference arises. Inspired by the fly olfactory circuit, …

Model Merging to Maintain Language-Only Performance in Developmentally Plausible Multimodal Models
Ece Takmaz, Lisa Bylinina, Jakub Dotlacil
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01845 htt…

Model Merging to Maintain Language-Only Performance in Developmentally Plausible Multimodal Models
State-of-the-art vision-and-language models consist of many parameters and learn from enormous datasets, surpassing the amounts of linguistic data that children are exposed to as they acquire a language. This paper presents our approach to the multimodal track of the BabyLM challenge addressing this discrepancy. We develop language-only and multimodal models in low-resource settings using developmentally plausible datasets, with our multimodal models outperforming previous BabyLM baselines. One…

Connecting The Hierarchically Merging Binary Black Hole Population To Their Host Galaxies
Jordan Moncrieff, Fiona Panther
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18704 https://

Connecting The Hierarchically Merging Binary Black Hole Population To Their Host Galaxies
The detection of gravitational waves from merging black holes with masses $\sim\,80-150\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ suggests that some proportion of black hole binary systems form hierarchically in dense astrophysical environments, as most stellar evolution models cannot explain the origin of these massive black holes through isolated binary evolution. A significant fraction of such mergers could occur in Active Galactic Nuclei disks (AGN), however connecting individual black hole mergers to host galaxi…

GWTC-4.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18083

GWTC-4.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries
We detail the population properties of merging compact objects using 158 mergers from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 4.0, which includes three types of binary mergers: binary neutron star, neutron star--black hole binary, and binary black hole mergers. We resolve multiple over- and under-densities in the black hole mass distribution: features persist at primary masses of $10\,M_\odot$ and $35\,M_\odot$ with a possible third feature at $\sim 20\,M_\odot$. These are departure…

The chemodynamical memory of a major merger in a NIHAO-UHD Milky Way analogue I: A golden thread through time and space
Sven Buder, Tobias Buck, \'Asa Sk\'ulad\'ottir, Melissa Ness, Madeleine McKenzie, Stephanie Monty
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11284

The chemodynamical memory of a major merger in a NIHAO-UHD Milky Way analogue I: A golden thread through time and space
Understanding how the Milky Way's present-day structure was shaped by past major mergers is a key goal of Galactic archaeology. The chemical and dynamical structure of the Galaxy retains the imprint of such events, including a major accretion episode around 8-10 Gyr ago. Recent findings suggest that present-day orbital energy correlates with stellar chemistry and birth location within the merging progenitor galaxy. Using a high-resolution NIHAO-UHD cosmological zoom-in simulation of a Milky Way…

Robustness of Sensitivity Evaluations for Gravitational Wave Detection Algorithms
Alexandra E. Koloniari, Lazaros Lazaridis, Christos Paschalidis, Nikolaos Stergioulas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05283 …

Robustness of Sensitivity Evaluations for Gravitational Wave Detection Algorithms
The discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) from merging compact binaries has transformed modern astrophysics, driving innovation in detection methodologies. Whereas matched-filtering techniques have long been the standard, the growing volume of data from advanced observatories like LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA has spurred interest in machine learning (ML) solutions for their scalability and computational efficiency. As next-generation detectors approach reality, the development of reliable and adapta…

Self-similar rupture of thin films of power-law fluid
Michael C Dallaston, Steven A Kedda, Scott W McCue
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05383 https://arxiv.org…

Self-similar rupture of thin films of power-law fluid
Models that describe Newtonian liquid films evolving due to the competing effects of surface tension and attractive intermolecular or van der Waals forces are known to rupture in finite time in a self-similar manner. We extend the computation of similarity solutions to non-Newtonian power-law liquid films. The bifurcation diagram, indexed by power law exponent $n$, has a highly nontrivial structure with branches merging via a snaking bifurcation around $n=1$. A countably infinite number of solu…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.RO. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.RO/new
[2/2]:
- Merging and Disentangling Views in Visual Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Manipulation
Abdulaziz Almuzairee, Rohan Patil, Dwait Bhatt, Henrik I. Christensen

Photographic Conviviality: A Synchronic and Symbiotic Photographic Experience through a Body Paint Workshop
Chinatsu Ozawa, Tatsuya Minagawa, Yoichi Ochiai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25968

Photographic Conviviality: A Synchronic and Symbiotic Photographic Experience through a Body Paint Workshop
This study explores "Photo Tattooing," merging photography and body ornamentation, and introduces the concept of "Photographic Conviviality." Using our instant camera that prints images onto mesh screens for immediate body art, we examine how this integration affects personal expression and challenges traditional photography. Workshops revealed that this fusion redefines photography's role, fostering intimacy and shared experiences, and opens new avenues for self-expression by transforming stat…

Evidence for Three Subpopulations of Merging Binary Black Holes at Different Primary Masses
Sharan Banagiri, Eric Thrane, Paul D. Lasky
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15646 https://…

Evidence for Three Subpopulations of Merging Binary Black Holes at Different Primary Masses
With the release of the fourth LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA gravitational-wave catalog (GWTC-4), we are starting to gain a detailed view of the population of merging binary black holes. The formation channels of these black holes is not clearly understood, but different formation mechanisms may lead to subpopulations with different properties visible in gravitational-wave data. Adopting a phenomenological approach, we find GWTC-4 data supports the presence of at least three subpopulations, each associate…

Studying the gravitational-wave population without looking that FAR out
Noah E. Wolfe, Matthew Mould, Jack Heinzel, Salvatore Vitale
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06220 https://

Studying the gravitational-wave population without looking that FAR out
From catalogs of gravitational-wave transients, the population-level properties of their sources and the formation channels of merging compact binaries can be constrained. However, astrophysical conclusions can be biased by misspecification or misestimation of the population likelihood. Despite detection thresholds on the false-alarm rate (FAR) or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the current catalog is likely contaminated by noise transients. Further, computing the population likelihood becomes les…

Dynamical evolution timescales for the supermassive black hole system in the galaxy NGC 7727 (Arp 222)
P. Berczik, M. Ishchenko, O. Veles, M. Sobolenko, K. Voggel, C. M. Boily, E. Polyachenko, R. State
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02974

Dynamical evolution timescales for the supermassive black hole system in the galaxy NGC 7727 (Arp 222)
Context. A dual active galactic nucleus candidate with a separation of only 500 pc was recently found in NGC 7727. According to the hierarchical merging scenario, such objects would be expected to merge on a timescale of a few hundred Myr. However, estimating the accurate merging timescales for the two nuclei is still a complex challenge. Aims. Using our numerical N-body code, we can trace the full evolution of central black holes during all phases: dynamical friction of unbound black holes, bi…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.CV. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.CV/new
[10/11]:
- AdaRank: Adaptive Rank Pruning for Enhanced Model Merging
Chanhyuk Lee, Jiho Choi, Chanryeol Lee, Donggyun Kim, Seunghoon Hong

The Hierarchical Merger Scenario for GW231123
Guo-Peng Li, Xi-Long Fan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08298 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.08298

The Hierarchical Merger Scenario for GW231123
GW231123 exhibits exceedingly massive components and high spins, which challenges the formation of first-generation (1G) black holes from stellar collapse and implies that this event might originate from hierarchical mergers. Here we show that the \texttt{2G+2G} merger scenario for GW231123 is favored over a \texttt{2G+1G} (or \texttt{3G+2G}) merger, with odds ratios of $>$$\mathcal{O}(10^3)$. The primary (secondary) black hole is consistent with merging binary black holes with masses of $75^{+…

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.GA. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.GA/new
[1/1]:
- Detection of the 2175{\AA} UV Bump at z>7: Evidence for Rapid Dust Evolution in a Merging Reionis...
Katherine Ormerod, et al.

Black hole spectroscopy of collapsing and merging neutron stars
Oliver Steppohn, Sebastian H. V\"olkel, Tim Dietrich
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15534 https://

Black hole spectroscopy of collapsing and merging neutron stars
Black hole spectroscopy is an important pillar when studying gravitational waves from black holes and enables tests of general relativity. Most of the gravitational-wave signals observed over the last decade originate from binary black hole systems. Binary neutron star or black hole-neutron star systems are rarer but of particular interest for the next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. These events offer the exciting possibility of studying matter effects on the ringdown of …

Electron-Ion Equilibration in the Merging Galaxy Cluster Abell 665
Christian Norseth, Daniel R. Wik, Craig L. Sarazin, Ming Sun, Fabio Gastaldello
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15138

Electron-Ion Equilibration in the Merging Galaxy Cluster Abell 665
Galaxy cluster mergers drive powerful shock fronts that heat the Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM) and accelerate particles, redistributing the energy in a merger. Abell 665 is one of only a few clusters with such a powerful shock ($M \sim 3$) and provides a unique opportunity to study the thermalization timescale of the ICM, particularly the electron-ion equilibration timescale. Understanding this timescale is crucial for determining how energy from the merger is distributed between thermal and non-t…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.AI. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.AI/new
[4/17]:
- The Thinking Spectrum: An Empirical Study of Tunable Reasoning in LLMs through Model Merging
Xiaochong Lan, Yu Zheng, Shiteng Cao, Yong Li

The color evolution of magnetar-powered kilonova emission in merging neutron star-neutron star systems
Suo-Ning Wang, Hou-Jun L\"u, Xiao-Xuan Liu, Jared Rice, Jia Ren, En-Wei Liang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15235

The color evolution of magnetar-powered kilonova emission in merging neutron star-neutron star systems
The first direct detection of the gravitational wave (GW) event GW170817 and its electromagnetic (EM) counterpart open a new window for studying of multi-messenger astronomy. However, how to identify the remnant of binary neutron star (NS) merger via EM radiation remain an open question. In this paper, we propose a method of color evolution of kilonova emission to identify its progenitors. We assume that the energy of the kilonova is contributed from radioactive decay, magnetar spin-down, and p…

The EDGE-CALIFA Survey: Influence of Mergers on Radial Profiles of Star-Formation Properties
Y. Garay-Solis, J. K. Barrera-Ballesteros, L. Carigi, D. Colombo, S. F. S\'anchez, A. Z. Lugo-Aranda, V. Villanueva, T. Wong, A. D. Bolatto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21852

The EDGE-CALIFA Survey: Influence of Mergers on Radial Profiles of Star-Formation Properties
In this study, we investigate how the merging process influences the radial variations of the specific Star Formation Rate (sSFR), Star Formation Efficiency (SFE), and molecular gas fraction (fmol ) in galaxies. We analyse 33 isolated galaxies and 34 galaxies in four different merger stages from pairs, merging galaxies, post-mergers, and merger remnants. Our sample is included in the EDGE-CALIFA survey, which provides spatially resolved optical integral-field unit and CO spectroscopy data. We s…

Search for cosmic-ray induced gamma-ray emission from local galaxy clusters using Fermi-LAT data
Judit P\'erez-Romero, Mattia di Mauro, R\'emi Adam, Miguel \'A. S\'anchez-Conde, Gabrijela Zaharijas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15720

Search for cosmic-ray induced gamma-ray emission from local galaxy clusters using Fermi-LAT data
Galaxy clusters are the most massive gravitationally bound structures in the Universe. Even if clusters are nearly virialized structures, they undergo merging processes, creating merging shocks, and suffer from feedback from galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei; causing complex turbulent motions and amplifying their magnetic fields. These processes act as acceleration mechanisms for the plasma of the intracluster medium (ICM), originating a population of cosmic rays (CRs). Leptonic CRs have long…