Tootfinder

AMBIO is working for 10 years, now (AMBIO is short for Advances Medical BIOimaging core facility of the @… ).
Today we have a symposium with lots of talks, but also expert tables, device demos and an microscopy image competition.Brace for some talk summaries and probably very pretty flourescence microscopy images.

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 453 nodes and 4879 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Tomorrow we have a Symposium at the Advanced Medical BIOimaging core facility #AMBIO of the @… , to celebrate our 10 year anniversary. There will be lots of great talks about microscopy stuff (single-molecule spatial omics, multi scale microscopy, light sheet,…

Quantum Metrology of Spin Sensing with Free Space Electrons
Santiago Beltr\'an-Romero, Michael Gaida, Philipp Haslinger, Dennis R\"atzel, Stefan Nimmrichter
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14982

Quantum Metrology of Spin Sensing with Free Space Electrons
Recent advances in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have opened the path toward spin resonance spectroscopy with single-spin sensitivity. To assess this potential, we investigate the quantum precision limits for sensing magnetic moments with free-electron probes. Using a scattering model where an electron wavepacket interacts with a localized spin, we study two metrological tasks: estimating the magnitude of the magnetic moment and discriminating the presence of a spin. The sensitivity fo…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 514 nodes and 2363 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

How Microplastics cross the Buoyancy Barrier: A multi-scale Study
Thomas Witzmann, Anja F. R. M. Ramsperger, Hao Liu, Yifan Lu, Holger Schmalz, Lucas Kurzweg, Tom C. D. B\"orner, Kathrin Harre, Andreas Greiner, Christian Laforsch, Holger Kress, Christina Bogner, Stephan Gekle, Andreas Fery, G\"unter K. Auernhammer
https://arxiv.o…

How Microplastics cross the Buoyancy Barrier: A multi-scale Study
Microplastics (MPs), though less dense than water, are frequently recovered from sediments in aqueous environments, indicating they can cross the buoyancy barrier. We quantify eco-corona mediated MP-sediment attraction and MP transport from the nanoscale to the macroscale, linking all scales to a coherent mechanism explaining how MP overcome buoyancy and settle in sediments through interaction with suspended sediment. Colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) detected attractive forces…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 585 nodes and 1755 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

\mu DeepIQA: deep learning-based fast and robust image quality assessment with local predictions for optical microscopy
Elena Corbetta, Thomas Bocklitz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04859

μDeepIQA: deep learning-based fast and robust image quality assessment with local predictions for optical microscopy
Optical microscopy is one of the most widely used techniques in research studies for life sciences and biomedicine. These applications require reliable experimental pipelines to extract valuable knowledge from the measured samples and must be supported by image quality assessment (IQA) to ensure correct processing and analysis of the image data. IQA methods are implemented with variable complexity. However, while most quality metrics have a straightforward implementation, they might be time con…

Defect Passivation and F\"orster-Type Energy Exchange in H2Pc-TMD Organic-Inorganic Heterostructures
\v{S}imun Mandi\'c, Ana Senki\'c, Nata\v{s}a Vuji\v{c}i\'c
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12437

Defect Passivation and Förster-Type Energy Exchange in H2Pc-TMD Organic-Inorganic Heterostructures
Organic - inorganic heterostructures (HS) combine the strong light absorption and exciton generation capabilities of organic molecules with the unique excitonic properties of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), where the interfacial band alignment dictates the optical response. In this work, we investigate the influence of H2Pc molecules on CVD-grown MoS2 and WS2 monolayers using correlative microscopy techniques - Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), photoluminescence (PL), and R…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 453 nodes and 4879 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Dear Santa, I've been REALLY good this year...
https://www.thermofisher.com/us/en/home/electron-microscopy/products/dualbeam-fib-sem-microscopes/helios-hydra-dualbeam.html

Multi-NA Metalens Array for Compact High-NA Microscopy
Alireza Khalilian, Jie Fan, Mehdi Sh. Yeganeh, Joe Lo, Yasha Yi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07123 https://

Multi-NA Metalens Array for Compact High-NA Microscopy
We demonstrate a CMOS-compatible silicon-rich nitride metalens array for visible microscopy at 660 nm. Three co-planar elements provide numerical apertures of 0.54, 0.92, and 0.97, enabling within-sample NA benchmarking without objective swaps. Imaging of annular cell monolayers labeled in the AF647 ZO-1 channel shows progressive sharpening of junctional edges and reduced blur with increasing NA, consistent with diffraction-limited scaling. The compact, planar platform supports direct integrati…

A fluorescence microscopy platform for time-resolved studies of spin-correlated radical pairs in biological systems
Noboru Ikeya, Jonathan R. Woodward
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05600

A fluorescence microscopy platform for time-resolved studies of spin-correlated radical pairs in biological systems
The importance of spin-correlated radical pairs in biology is increasingly recognized, with roles in biological effects of weak magnetic fields and emerging quantum spin-based biomedical applications. Fluorescence microscopy offers sufficient sensitivity to study magnetic field effects on radical pair reactions in living cells, but conventional techniques cannot directly resolve their dynamics because most biologically relevant radical pairs are non-emissive. To overcome this challenge, we intr…

Weekend #Plankton Factoid 🦠🦐
Most plankton are tiny, making it very difficult to visualize their internal structures. Enter "expansion microscopy" a technique that embeds the organism in a gel which absorbs water and expands up to 16x, yet retains all of the internal cell details. This means you can view structures normally too small to see with light

Recent Advancements in Microscopy Image Enhancement using Deep Learning: A Survey
Debasish Dutta, Neeharika Sonowal, Risheraj Barauh, Deepjyoti Chetia, Sanjib Kr Kalita
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15363

Recent Advancements in Microscopy Image Enhancement using Deep Learning: A Survey
Microscopy image enhancement plays a pivotal role in understanding the details of biological cells and materials at microscopic scales. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the advancement of microscopy image enhancement, specifically with the help of deep learning methods. This survey paper aims to provide a snapshot of this rapidly growing state-of-the-art method, focusing on its evolution, applications, challenges, and future directions. The core discussions take place aroun…

Investigation of Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Formation via Coupling Liquid Electrochemical TEM and GC/MS
Kevyn Gallegos-Moncayo, Josephine Rezkallah, Justine Jean, Arash Jamali, Gr\'egory Gachot, Arnaud Demorti\`ere
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12467

Investigation of Cathode Electrolyte Interphase Formation via Coupling Liquid Electrochemical TEM and GC/MS
A deeper understanding of the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) formation mechanism is essential to elucidate battery degradation. Here, we combine Liquid Electrochemical Transmission Electron Microscopy (ec-TEM) with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) to monitor CEI evolution in a realistic electrochemical environment, focusing on electrolyte behavior under high voltages. The correlation between the electrochemical response, gas and liquid analysis after cycling, and the observati…

Visualizing the Impact of Quenched Disorder on 2D Electron Wigner Solids
Zhehao Ge, Conor Smith, Zehao He, Yubo Yang, Qize Li, Ziyu Xiang, Jianghan Xiao, Wenjie Zhou, Salman Kahn, Melike Erdi, Rounak Banerjee, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Seth Ariel Tongay, Miguel A. Morales, Shiwei Zhang, Feng Wang, Michael F. Crommie
https://arxiv.…

Visualizing the Impact of Quenched Disorder on 2D Electron Wigner Solids
Electron Wigner solids (WSs)1-12 provide an ideal system for understanding the competing effects of electron-electron and electron-disorder interactions, a central unsolved problem in condensed matter physics. Progress in this topic has been limited by a lack of single-defect-resolved experimental measurements as well as accurate theoretical tools to enable realistic experiment-theory comparison. Here we overcome these limitations by combining atomically-resolved scanning tunneling microscopy (…

Switchable chiral 2x2 pair density wave in pure CsV3Sb5
Wei Song, Xiao-Yu Yan, Xin Yu, Desheng Wu, Deng Hu, Hailang Qin, Guowei Liu, Hanbin Deng, Chao Yan. Muwei Gao, Zhiwei Wang, Rui Wu, Jia-Xin Yin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12730

Switchable chiral 2x2 pair density wave in pure CsV3Sb5
We investigate electron pairing in a super clean kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 with a residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of 290. By using the dilution-refrigerator-based scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the Synergetic Extreme Condition User Facility (SECUF), we find that the pairing gap exhibits chiral 2x2 modulations, and their chirality can be controlled by magnetic field training. We introduce nonmagnetic impurities to observe the complete suppression of 2x2 pairing modulations in presen…

Biology-driven assessment of deep learning super-resolution imaging of the porosity network in dentin
Lauren Anderson, Lucas Chatelain, Nicolas Tremblay, Kathryn Grandfield, David Rousseau, Aur\'elien Gourrier
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08407

Biology-driven assessment of deep learning super-resolution imaging of the porosity network in dentin
The mechanosensory system of teeth is currently believed to partly rely on Odontoblast cells stimulation by fluid flow through a porosity network extending through dentin. Visualizing the smallest sub-microscopic porosity vessels therefore requires the highest achievable resolution from confocal fluorescence microscopy, the current gold standard. This considerably limits the extent of the field of view to very small sample regions. To overcome this limitation, we tested different deep learning …

Advancing Time-Resolved Spectroscopies with Custom Scanning Units and Event-Based Electron Detection
Yves Auad, Florian Castioni, Jassem Baaboura, Malo B\'ezard, Jean-Denis Blazit, Xiaoyan Li, Adrien Teutrie, Michael Walls, Odile St\'ephan, Luiz H. G. Tizei, Francisco de La Pe\~na, Mathieu Kociak
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11612

Advancing Time-Resolved Spectroscopies with Custom Scanning Units and Event-Based Electron Detection
Direct electron detection is revolutionizing electron microscopy by offering lower noise, reduced point-spread function, and increased quantum efficiency. Among these advancements, the Timepix3 hybrid-pixel direct electron detector stands out for its unique ability to output temporal information about individual hits within its pixel array. Its event-based architecture enables data-driven detection, where individual events are immediately read out from the chip. While recent studies have demons…

Local-Antisymmetric Flat Band and Coexisting Correlated stripe charge orders in WSe2-Modulated Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Chi Zhang, Shihao Zhang, Mengmeng Zhang, Lin He, Qi Zheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11088

Local-Antisymmetric Flat Band and Coexisting Correlated stripe charge orders in WSe2-Modulated Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Insulating, atomically flat transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) like WSe2 are ideal substrates for probing intrinsic graphene properties. Conventionally, their influence on graphene's band structure is assumed negligible, particularly when small moire patterns form. Combining scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and theoretical analysis, we reveal that the atomic registry in graphene/WSe2 heterostructures profoundly modulates the electronic structure of magic-angle twisted bilayer gra…

Fundamental Bounds for Off-Axis Illumination in Interferometric and Rotating Coherent Scattering Microscopy
Felix Hitzelhammer, Jonathan Dong, Ulrich Hohenester, Thomas Juffmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03034

Fundamental Bounds for Off-Axis Illumination in Interferometric and Rotating Coherent Scattering Microscopy
Coherent localization microscopy enables three-dimensional localization with nanoscale precision. Previous studies have characterized the fundamental precision limits for on-axis illumination geometries. In this paper, we theoretically analyze 3D particle localization precision under oblique illumination in interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT). We show that (quantum) Cramer-Rao bounds reveal an information gain in the off-axis case, potentially enabling enhanced localization precision.…

Incoherent Imaging with Spatially Structured Quantum Probes
Anthony J. Brady, Zihao Gong, Alexey V. Gorshkov, Saikat Guha
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09521 https://

Incoherent Imaging with Spatially Structured Quantum Probes
Incoherent imaging, including fluorescence and absorption microscopy, is often limited by weak signals and resolution constraints -- notoriously, Rayleigh's curse. We investigate how spatially structured quantum probes, combined with quantum detection strategies like spatial mode demultiplexing and photon counting, overcome these limitations. We propose a novel imaging protocol based on twin-beam echoes that maps the generalized incoherent-imaging model -- comprising both absorption and fluores…

Moments Matter: Posterior Recovery in Poisson Denoising via Log-Networks
Shirin Shoushtari, Edward P. Chandler, Ulugbek S. Kamilov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07199 https://

Moments Matter: Posterior Recovery in Poisson Denoising via Log-Networks
Poisson denoising plays a central role in photon-limited imaging applications such as microscopy, astronomy, and medical imaging. It is common to train deep learning models for denoising using the mean-squared error (MSE) loss, which corresponds to computing the posterior mean $\mathbb{E}[x \mid y]$. When the noise is Gaussian, Tweedie's formula enables approximation of the posterior distribution through its higher-order moments. However, this connection no longer holds for Poisson denoising: w…

Resolving the Structural Duality of Graphene Grain Boundaries
Haojie Guo, Emiliano Ventura-Mac\'ias, Mariano D. Jim\'enez-S\'anchez, Nicoleta Nicoara, Pierre Mallet, Jean-Yves Veuillen, Vincent T. Renard, Antonio J. Mart\'inez-Galera, Pablo Pou, Julio G\'omez-Herrero, Rub\'en P\'erez, Iv\'an Brihuega
https://

Resolving the Structural Duality of Graphene Grain Boundaries
Grain boundaries (GBs) are ubiquitous in large-scale graphene samples, playing a crucial role in their overall performance. Due to their complexity, they are usually investigated as model structures, under the assumption of a fully relaxed interface. Here, we present cantilever-based non-contact atomic force microscopy (ncAFM) as a suitable technique to resolve, atom by atom, the complete structure of these linear defects. Our experimental findings reveal a richer scenario than expected, with t…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 575 nodes and 5306 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Improved Pixel-wise Calibration for Charge-Integrating Hybrid Pixel Detectors with Performance Validation
X. Xie, A. Bergamaschi, M. Br\"uckner, M. Carulla, R. Dinapoli, S. Ebner, K. Ferjaoui, E. Fr\"ojdh, V. Gautam, D. Greiffenberg, S. Hasanaj, J. Heymes, V. Hinger, M. H\"urst, V. Kedych, T. King, S. Li, C. Lopez-Cuenca, A. Mazzoleni, D. Mezza, K. Moustakas, A. Mozzanica, J. Mulvey, M. M\"uller, K. A. Paton, C. Posada Soto, C. Ruder, B. Schmitt, P. Sieber, S. Sille…

Improved Pixel-wise Calibration for Charge-Integrating Hybrid Pixel Detectors with Performance Validation
The MÖNCH hybrid pixel detector, with a 25 \textmu m pixel pitch and fast charge-integrating readout, has demonstrated subpixel resolution capabilities for X-ray imaging and deep learning-based electron localization in electron microscopy. Fully exploiting this potential requires extensive calibration to ensure both linearity and uniformity of the pixel response, which is challenging for detectors with a large dynamic range. To overcome the limitations of conventional calibration methods, we d…

QWD-GAN: Quality-aware Wavelet-driven GAN for Unsupervised Medical Microscopy Images Denoising
Qijun Yang, Yating Huang, Lintao Xiang, Hujun Yin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15814

QWD-GAN: Quality-aware Wavelet-driven GAN for Unsupervised Medical Microscopy Images Denoising
Image denoising plays a critical role in biomedical and microscopy imaging, especially when acquiring wide-field fluorescence-stained images. This task faces challenges in multiple fronts, including limitations in image acquisition conditions, complex noise types, algorithm adaptability, and clinical application demands. Although many deep learning-based denoising techniques have demonstrated promising results, further improvements are needed in preserving image details, enhancing algorithmic e…

Phase-sensitive evidence for 2x2 pair density wave in a kagome superconductor
Xiao-Yu Yan, Guowei Liu, Hanbin Deng, Xitong Xu, Haiyang Ma, Hailang Qin, Jun-Yi Zhang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Haitian Zhao, Zhe Qu, Yigui Zhong, Kozo Okazaki, Xiquan Zheng, Yingying Peng, Zurab Guguchia, X. X. Wu, Qianghua Wang, X-H Fan, Wei Song, M-W Gao, Hendrik Hohmann, Matteo Durrnagel, Ronny Thomale, Jia-Xin Yin

Phase-sensitive evidence for 2x2 pair density wave in a kagome superconductor
The pair-density-wave (PDW) exhibits periodic amplitude and sign modulations of the superconducting order parameter. Such a pairing state has been proposed to be sensitive to nonmagnetic scattering. In this work, we observe the nonmagnetic PDW-breaking effect in a kagome superconductor, using scanning tunneling microscopy. We observe 2x2 PDW induced by the coupling between charge order and superconductivity. The global PDW is substantially suppressed upon doping the kagome lattice with dilute i…

Ultralow-Temperature Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy Using a New Helium Flow Cryostat Stage
Young-Hoon Kim, Fehmi Sami Yasin, Na Yeon Kim, Max Birch, Xiuzhen Yu, Akiko Kikkawa, Yasujiro Taguchi, Jiaqiang Yan, Miaofang Chi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22804

Ultralow-Temperature Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy Using a New Helium Flow Cryostat Stage
Advances in cryogenic electron microscopy have opened new avenues for probing quantum phenomena in correlated materials. This study reports the installation and performance of a new side-entry condenZero cryogenic cooling system for JEOL (Scanning) Transmission Electron Microscopes (S/TEM), utilizing compressed liquid helium (LHe) and designed for imaging and spectroscopy at ultra-low temperatures. The system includes an external dewar mounted on a vibration-damping stage and a pressurized, low…

Sub-Diffraction Chromatin Domains: Architecture, Regulation, and Functional Roles in Nuclear Organization
Vinayak Vinayak, Melike Lakadamyali, Vivek B Shenoy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09375

Sub-Diffraction Chromatin Domains: Architecture, Regulation, and Functional Roles in Nuclear Organization
Nanoscale chromatin domains, variously termed nucleosome clutches, nanodomains, or packing domains, have emerged as fundamental architectural units of the mammalian genome during interphase and mitosis. Unlike cohesin-dependent loops or TADs, these 50-200 nm structures persist in the absence of loop extrusion, pointing to a distinct organizing principle shaped by histone post-translational modifications and constrained by interactions with the nuclear lamina. Super-resolution microscopy and ele…

Mapping the moir\'e potential in multi-layer rhombohedral graphene
Eric Seewald, Sanat Ghosh, Nishchhal Verma, John Cenker, Yinan Dong, Birui Yang, Amit Basu, Takashi Taniguchi, Kenji Watanabe, Mandar M. Deshmukh, Dmitri N. Basov, Raquel Queiroz, Cory Dean, Abhay N. Pasupathy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09548

Mapping the moiré potential in multi-layer rhombohedral graphene
Rhombohedral graphene (rG) aligned with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been shown to host flat bands that stabilize various strongly correlated quantum phases, including Mott insulators, integer, and fractional quantum anomalous Hall phases. In this work, we use scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) to visualize the dispersion of flat bands with doping and applied displacement fields in a hBN-aligned rhombohedral trilayer graphene (rtG)/hBN moiré superlattice. In addition to …

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 575 nodes and 5306 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Host-atom-driven transformation of a honeycomb oxide into a dodecagonal quasicrystal
Martin Haller, Julia Hewelt, V. Y. M. Rajesh Chirala, Loi Vinh Tran, Ankur Bhide, Muriel Wegner, Stefan F\"orster, Wolf Widdra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11426

Host-atom-driven transformation of a honeycomb oxide into a dodecagonal quasicrystal
Dodecagonal oxide quasicrystals (OQCs) have so far been limited to a few elemental systems, with no general formation mechanism established. Here, we demonstrate a versatile approach to OQC formation via a host-atom-induced transformation of a metal-oxide honeycomb (HC) network. Adsorption of Ba, Sr, or Eu onto the HC layer triggers its reorganization into a dodecagonal tiling, as revealed by low-energy electron diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy. Full conversion occurs when 73% of t…

VERNIER: an open-source software pushing marker pose estimation down to the micrometer and nanometer scales
Patrick Sandoz, Antoine N. Andr\'e, Guillaume J. Laurent
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02791

VERNIER: an open-source software pushing marker pose estimation down to the micrometer and nanometer scales
Pose estimation is still a challenge at the small scales. Few solutions exist to capture the 6 degrees of freedom of an object with nanometric and microradians resolutions over relatively large ranges. Over the years, we have proposed several fiducial marker and pattern designs to achieve reliable performance for various microscopy applications. Centimeter ranges are possible using pattern encoding methods, while nanometer resolutions can be achieved using phase processing of the periodic frame…

MorphGen: Controllable and Morphologically Plausible Generative Cell-Imaging
Berker Demirel, Marco Fumero, Theofanis Karaletsos, Francesco Locatello
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01298

MorphGen: Controllable and Morphologically Plausible Generative Cell-Imaging
Simulating in silico cellular responses to interventions is a promising direction to accelerate high-content image-based assays, critical for advancing drug discovery and gene editing. To support this, we introduce MorphGen, a state-of-the-art diffusion-based generative model for fluorescent microscopy that enables controllable generation across multiple cell types and perturbations. To capture biologically meaningful patterns consistent with known cellular morphologies, MorphGen is trained wit…

Full-Field Brillouin Microscopy with a Scanning Fabry-Perot Interferometer
Mikolaj Pochylski (Faculty of Physics,Astronomy, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00700 …

Full-Field Brillouin Microscopy with a Scanning Fabry-Perot Interferometer
Brillouin microscopy is an emerging optical technique for probing mechanical properties with submicron resolution, offering fully non-contact, label-free operation. Despite its unique capabilities, broader adoption has been limited by slow acquisition speeds, particularly in systems based on scanning Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs). Based on prior implementations, FPIs have typically been considered too slow for practical imaging, particularly when both spatial and spectral precision are req…

Replaced article(s) found for quant-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/quant-ph/new
[2/4]:
- Analysis of Josephson Junction Barrier Variation: A Combined Electron Microscopy, Breakdown and M...
Oscar W. Kennedy, Kevin G. Crawford, Kowsar Shahbazi, Connor D. Shelly

Replaced article(s) found for cs.LG. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.LG/new
[10/10]:
- Recent Advancements in Microscopy Image Enhancement using Deep Learning: A Survey
Debasish Dutta, Neeharika Sonowal, Risheraj Barauh, Deepjyoti Chetia, Sanjib Kr Kalita

Misspecified Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Non-Uniform Group Orbit Recovery
Sheng Xu, Anderson Ye Zhang, Amit Singer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22945 https://

Misspecified Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Non-Uniform Group Orbit Recovery
We study maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) in the generalized group orbit recovery model, where each observation is generated by applying a random group action and a known, fixed linear operator to an unknown signal, followed by additive noise. This model is motivated by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and can be viewed primarily as a structured continuous Gaussian mixture model. In practice, signal estimation is often performed by marginalizing over the group using a unifo…

Orientational Order of Phenyl Rotors on Triangular Platforms on Ag and Au(111)
Behzad Mortezapour, Sebastian Hamer, Rainer Herges, Roberto Robles, Richard Berndt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09550

Orientational Order of Phenyl Rotors on Triangular Platforms on Ag and Au(111)
We investigated trioxatriangulenium functionalized with phenyl (phenyl-TOTA) on the (111) surfaces of Ag and Au using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT). On Ag(111), the molecules form hexagonal arrays, and on Au(111), honeycomb patterns are also observed. The orientations of the phenyl moieties are resolved on both substrates. On Ag(111), the orientations are parallel within a row and they differ by approximately $60^\circ$ between adjacent …

Limitations of detecting structural changes and time-reversal symmetry breaking in scanning tunneling microscopy experiments
Christopher Candelora, Ilija Zeljkovic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22634

Limitations of detecting structural changes and time-reversal symmetry breaking in scanning tunneling microscopy experiments
The family of kagome superconductors $A$V$_3$Sb$_5$ ($A$=K, Cs, Rb) is an exciting playground for investigating various density waves, unusual superconductivity and a surprising time-reversal symmetry breaking despite the absence of spin magnetism. The origin of time-reversal symmetry breaking has been of particular interest, and conflicting results have been intensely debated. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) provided crucial evidence by the observation that apparent chirality associated wi…

Replaced article(s) found for physics.med-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.med-ph/new
[1/1]:
- Ultrasound matrix imaging for 3D transcranial in vivo localization microscopy
Flavien Bureau, Louise Denis, Antoine Coudert, Mathias Fink, Olivier Couture, Alexandre Aubry
…

Twist dominates bending in the liquid crystal organization of bacteriophage DNA
Pei Liu, Tamara Christiani, Zhijie Wang, Fei Guo, Mariel Vazquez, M. Carme Calderer, Javier Arsuaga
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04408

Twist dominates bending in the liquid crystal organization of bacteriophage DNA
DNA frequently adopts liquid-crystalline conformations in both cells and viruses. The Oseen--Frank framework provides a powerful continuum description of these phases through three elastic moduli: splay ($K_1$), twist or cholesteric ($K_2$), and bending ($K_3$). While $K_1$ is typically assumed to dominate, the relative magnitude of $K_2$ and $K_3$ in confined DNA remains poorly understood. Here, we combine cryo-electron microscopy, liquid-crystal modeling, and knot theory to quantify this rela…

GEM: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Efficient and Accurate Cryo-EM Reconstruction
Huaizhi Qu, Xiao Wang, Gengwei Zhang, Jie Peng, Tianlong Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25075 https…

GEM: 3D Gaussian Splatting for Efficient and Accurate Cryo-EM Reconstruction
Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a central tool for high-resolution structural biology, yet the massive scale of datasets (often exceeding 100k particle images) renders 3D reconstruction both computationally expensive and memory intensive. Traditional Fourier-space methods are efficient but lose fidelity due to repeated transforms, while recent real-space approaches based on neural radiance fields (NeRFs) improve accuracy but incur cubic memory and computation overhead. Therefore, …

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 468 nodes and 1447 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Atomically resolved electron reflectivity at a metal/semiconductor interface
Ding-Ming Huang, Jian-Huan Wang, Jie-Yin Zhang, Yuan Yao, H. Q. Xu, Jian-Jun Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07970

Atomically resolved electron reflectivity at a metal/semiconductor interface
An atomically flat interface is achieved between face-centered cubic Al and diamond lattice Ge via molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Based on the measurements of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), we demonstrate an atomically resolved lateral periodic change of the electron reflectivity at the Al/Ge interface. The variation of electron reflectivity is up to 24% in lateral 2 nm. We speculate that the change of reflectivity results from the local electronic states at the Al/Ge interface. This pheno…

A three-dimensional acousto-optic deflector
Lewis R. B. Picard, Manuel Endres
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07633 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.07633

A three-dimensional acousto-optic deflector
Acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) are widely used across physics, microscopy, neuroscience, and laser engineering, providing fast, precise, and non-mechanical control of light. While conventional AODs naturally support multiplexing in one and two dimensions, no analogous device has existed for three-dimensional control, leaving a critical gap in rapid focus tuning and 3D beam shaping. Here we demonstrate a three-dimensional AOD system capable of multiplexed axial and lateral beam control with hig…

Imaging and controlling electron motion and chemical structural dynamics of biological system in real time and space
Ligong Zhao, Mohamed Sennary, Dina Hussein, Anaisa Coelho, Tingting Yang, Mohamed Y. El-Naggar, Mohammed Th. Hassan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02105

Imaging and controlling electron motion and chemical structural dynamics of biological system in real time and space
Ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) has found widespread applications in physics, chemistry, and materials science, enabling real-space imaging of dynamics on ultrafast timescales. Recent advances have pushed the temporal resolution of UEM into the attosecond regime, enabling the attomicroscopy technique to directly visualize electron motion. In this work, we extend the capabilities of this powerful imaging tool to investigate ultrafast electron dynamics in a biological system by imaging and co…

Reply to "Limitations of detecting structural changes and time-reversal symmetry breaking in scanning tunneling microscopy experiments"
Yuqing Xing, Seokjin Bae, Stephen D. Wilson, Ziqiang Wang, Rafael M. Fernandes, Vidya Madhavan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01305

Reply to "Limitations of detecting structural changes and time-reversal symmetry breaking in scanning tunneling microscopy experiments"
In their comment, the authors attribute our observations of light- and magnetic-field-induced manipulation of the CDW state in RbV3Sb5 to random experimental artifacts such as tip changes, drift, and scan conditions, concluding that no intrinsic effect exists. In this reply, we clarify three points. First, our reported magnetic-field-induced CDW switching has been independently replicated in multiple STM studies and corroborated by transport measurements. Second, in our data, the switching of C…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 575 nodes and 5306 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Autoproof: Automated Segmentation Proofreading for Connectomics
Gary B Huang, William M Katz, Stuart Berg, Louis Scheffer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26585 https://

Autoproof: Automated Segmentation Proofreading for Connectomics
Producing connectomes from electron microscopy (EM) images has historically required a great deal of human proofreading effort. This manual annotation cost is the current bottleneck in scaling EM connectomics, for example, in making larger connectome reconstructions feasible, or in enabling comparative connectomics where multiple related reconstructions are produced. In this work, we propose using the available ground-truth data generated by this manual annotation effort to learn a machine lear…

Crosslisted article(s) found for physics.ins-det. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.ins-det/new
[1/1]:
- A fluorescence microscopy platform for time-resolved studies of spin-correlated radical pairs in ...
Noboru Ikeya, Jonathan R. Woodward

Frieze charge-stripes in a correlated kagome superconductor CsCr$_3$Sb$_5$
Siyu Cheng, Keyu Zeng, Yi Liu, Christopher Candelora, Ziqiang Wang, Guang-Han Cao, Ilija Zeljkovic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06168

Frieze charge-stripes in a correlated kagome superconductor CsCr$_3$Sb$_5$
Kagome metals have developed into a vibrant playground for materials physics, where geometric frustration, electronic correlations and band topology come together to create a variety of exotic phenomena. Recently synthesized CsCr$_3$Sb$_5$ has provided a rare opportunity to explore unconventional superconductivity in a strongly correlated kagome system with hints of frustrated magnetism and quantum criticality. Using spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy, we reveal a cascade of de…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 468 nodes and 1447 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Adsorption-induced surface magnetism
Milo\v{s} Baljozovi\'c, Shiladitya Karmakar, Andr\'e L. Fernandes Cauduro, Mothuku Shyam Sundar, Marco Lozano, Manish Kumar, Diego Soler Polo, Andreas K. Schmid, Ashutosh V. Bedekar, Pavel Jelinek, Karl-Heinz Ernst
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03897

Adsorption-induced surface magnetism
We report the emergence of adsorption-induced magnetism from heterohelicene molecules on a non-magnetic Cu(100) surface. Spin-polarized low-energy electron microscopy (SP-LEEM) measurements reveal spin-dependent electron reflectivity for enantiopure 7,12,17-trioxa[11]helicene (TO[11]H) monolayers, indicating the formation of a spin-polarized state localized in the topmost copper layer. Control experiments on clean Cu(100) and TO[11]H on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite show no such effect, ex…

Kekul\'e Superconductivity in Twisted Magic Angle Bilayer Graphene
Ke Wang, K. Levin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06451 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.06451

Kekulé Superconductivity in Twisted Magic Angle Bilayer Graphene
Motivated by recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiments which report Kekulé ordering in the twisted graphene family, we develop a microscopic theory of superconductivity, specifically for the bi-layer case. This involves an intra-valley, finite-momentum pair-density wave (PDW) which naturally incorporates a Kekulé distortion into the superconducting phase. The PDW state displays three central features: (i) it spontaneously breaks $C_3$ rotational symmetry, producing nematic order, and (…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 514 nodes and 2363 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Single image sensorless adaptive optics for microscopy
Biwei Zhang, Qi Hu, Jingyu Wang, Martin J. Booth
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17869 https://arxiv.org/…

Single image sensorless adaptive optics for microscopy
Images obtained by microscopes are generally degraded by aberrations. Adaptive optics (AO) has been widely used in to compensate for aberrations and improve reduced image quality. Requiring no separate wavefront sensor, sensorless AO methods deduce the aberrations from a sequence of images acquired with different phase modulations. Despite that these methods are versatile and flexible, they involve sequential acquisition of multiple images thus time-consuming to implement. Here, we propose a ne…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 469 nodes and 1450 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy of quantum wire-like dislocation states in ZnS
Alexander Blackston, Alexandra Fonseca Montenegro, Sevim Polat Genlik, Maryam Ghazisaeidi, Roberto C. Myers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05357

Photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy of quantum wire-like dislocation states in ZnS
Recent \textit{ab initio} calculations predict 1D dispersive electronic bands confined to the atomic scale cores of dislocations in the wide bandgap (3.84 eV) semiconductor ZnS. We test these predictions by correlating sub-bandgap optical transitions with the density of dislocations formed during strain relaxation in epitaxial ZnS grown on GaP. The densities for four predicted partial dislocations are quantified using scanning electron microscopy-based electron channeling contrast imaging. Room…

Selective reflection of light in glassforming ternary liquid crystalline mixtures
Aleksandra Deptuch, Zuzanna Zaj\k{a}c, Marcin Piwowarczyk, Anna Drzewicz, Magdalena Urba\'nska, Ewa Juszy\'nska-Ga{\l}\k{a}zka
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17633

Selective reflection of light in glassforming ternary liquid crystalline mixtures
Two ternary liquid crystalline mixtures are formulated and investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. Paraelectric smectic A*, ferroelectric smectic C*, and antiferroelectric smectic C$_A$* phases are detected. The glass of the smectic C$_A$* phase is formed at moderate cooling rates. One mixture shows a strong thermochromic effect in the smectic C$_A$* phase and selectively reflects blue light in t…

A van der Waals material exhibiting room temperature broken inversion symmetry with ferroelectricity
Fabia F. Athena, Cooper A. Voigt, Mengkun Tian, Anjan Goswami, Emily Toph, Moses Nnaji, Fanuel Mammo, Brent K. Wagner, Sungho Jeon, Wenshan Cai, Eric M. Vogel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03977

A van der Waals material exhibiting room temperature broken inversion symmetry with ferroelectricity
Since the initial synthesis of van der Waals two-dimensional indium selenide was first documented in 1957, five distinct polymorphs and their corresponding polytypes have been identified. In this study, we report a unique phase of indium selenide via Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) analysis in the synthesized large-area films -- which we have named the $β^\text{p}$ phase. The quintuple layers of the $β^\text{p}$ phase, characterized by a unique zigzag atomic configuration wit…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 514 nodes and 2363 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Crosslisted article(s) found for physics.ins-det. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.ins-det/new
[1/1]:
- Ultralow-Temperature Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy Using a New Helium Flow Cryostat ...
Kim, Yasin, Kim, Birch, Yu, Kikkawa, Taguchi, Yan, Chi

Using Aberrations to Improve Dose-Efficient Tilt-corrected 4D-STEM Imaging
Desheng Ma, David A Muller, Steven E Zeltmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01493 https://

Using Aberrations to Improve Dose-Efficient Tilt-corrected 4D-STEM Imaging
Tilt-corrected imaging methods in four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) have recently emerged as a new class of direct ptychography methods that are especially useful at low dose. The operation of tilt correction unfolds the contrast transfer functions (CTF) of the virtual bright-field images and retains coherence by correcting defocus-induced spatial shifts. By performing summation or subtraction of the tilt-corrected images, the real or imaginary parts of the co…

In-situ characterisation and data-driven crystal plasticity analysis of short-to-long crack transition in a ductile aluminium alloy
Abdalrhaman Koko, Bemin Sheen, Caitlin Green, Fionn Dunne
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03713

In-situ characterisation and data-driven crystal plasticity analysis of short-to-long crack transition in a ductile aluminium alloy
Crack arrest in ductile alloys plays a critical role in damage-tolerant design for aerospace and structural applications, yet the transition from microstructure-sensitive short cracks to load-controlled long cracks remains poorly understood. Here, we present an in-situ, high-resolution experimental study of crack propagation in cold-worked 5052 aluminium alloy using scanning electron microscopy digital image correlation (SEM-DIC), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and novel data-driven c…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 453 nodes and 4879 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Observation of a Novel CDW Superstructure in Monolayer 1T-$VS_{2}$ at Room Temperature and its Evolution in Multilayers
Samanta Pal, Kaustuv Chatterjee, A. K. Raychaudhuri, Prabir Pal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03800

Observation of a Novel CDW Superstructure in Monolayer 1T-$VS_{2}$ at Room Temperature and its Evolution in Multilayers
Spontaneous formation of charge density wave (CDW) superstructures in monolayers (MLs) of a two-dimensional (2D) crystal lattice is fundamental in understanding its complex quantum states. We report a successful top-down liquid phase exfoliation and stamp transfer process (LPESTP) to create ML VS\textsubscript{2}, undergoing a CDW transition at room temperature. Using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electron diffraction (ED), we observed the coexistence of 1T and 2H…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 454 nodes and 4879 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Doubling the field of view and eliminating the replica overlap problem in common-path shearing quantitative phase imaging
Miko{\l}aj Rogalski, Piotr Zda\'nkowski, Matyas Heto, Jolanta Mierzejewska, Ma{\l}gorzata Lenarcik, Zhuoshi Li, Jiasong Sun, Chao Zuo, Maciej Trusiak
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01762…

Doubling the field of view and eliminating the replica overlap problem in common-path shearing quantitative phase imaging
Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) enables label-free, high-contrast visualization of transparent specimens, but its common implementation in off-axis digital holographic microscopy (DHM) requires a separate reference beam, which increases system complexity and sensitivity to noise and vibrations. Common-path shearing DHMs overcome these drawbacks by eliminating the reference arm, yet they suffer from sheared object beam (replica) overlap, as both interfering sheared beams traverse the sample and…

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 585 nodes and 1755 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Soft X-ray Ptychography with SOPHIE: Guide and Instrumentation
Tim A. Butcher, Simone Finizio, Lars Heller, Nicholas W. Phillips, Blagoj Sarafimov, Carlos A. F. Vaz, Armin Kleibert, Benjamin Watts, Mirko Holler, J\"org Raabe
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18805

celegans_2019: Complete C. elegans neurons (2019)
Networks among neurons of both the adult male and adult hermaphrodite worms C. elegans, constructed from electron microscopy series, to include directed edges (chemical) and undirected (gap junction), and spanning including nodes for muscle and non-muscle end organs.
This network has 575 nodes and 5306 edges.
Tags: Biological, Connectome, Weighted

Gap Inhomogeneity in Cuprates: a view from Two-Dimensional Josephson Echo Spectroscopy
Alex G\'omez Salvador, Ivan Morera, Marios H. Michael, Pavel E. Dolgirev, Danica Pavicevic, Albert Liu, Andrea Cavalleri, Eugene Demler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.23856

Gap Inhomogeneity in Cuprates: a view from Two-Dimensional Josephson Echo Spectroscopy
Novel theoretical developments have allowed to connect microscopic disorder in bosonic collective excitations to the signatures in two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy (Gómez Salvador et al. 2025). Here, we employ this framework to analyze the recently measured Josepshon echoes in optimally doped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ (Liu et al. 2024). We consider the spatial gap inhomogeneities -observed in scanning tunneling microscopy- as input for the disorder in the superfluid density, and compute th…

Automated and Scalable SEM Image Analysis of Perovskite Solar Cell Materials via a Deep Segmentation Framework
Jian Guo Pan, Lin Wang, Xia Cai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26548 h…

Automated and Scalable SEM Image Analysis of Perovskite Solar Cell Materials via a Deep Segmentation Framework
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is indispensable for characterizing the microstructure of thin films during perovskite solar cell fabrication. Accurate identification and quantification of lead iodide and perovskite phases are critical because residual lead iodide strongly influences crystallization pathways and defect formation, while the morphology of perovskite grains governs carrier transport and device stability. Yet current SEM image analysis is still largely manual, limiting throughpu…

Snapshot Synthetic Aperture Imaging with Boiling Speckle
Janith B. Senanayaka, Christopher A. Metzler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21682 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Snapshot Synthetic Aperture Imaging with Boiling Speckle
Light-based synthetic aperture (SA) imaging methods, such as Fourier Ptychography, have brought breakthrough high-resolution wide-field-of-view imaging capabilities to microscopy. While these technologies promise similar improvements in long-range imaging applications, macroscale light-based SA imaging is significantly more challenging. In this work, we first demonstrate that speckle noise is particularly problematic for light-based SA systems. Specifically, we prove that it is fundamentally im…

Polarization Domain Mapping From 4D-STEM Using Deep Learning
Fintan G. Hardy, Sinead M. Griffin, Mariana Palos, Yaqi Li, Geri Topore, Aron Walsh, Michele Shelly Conroy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00693 …

Polarization Domain Mapping From 4D-STEM Using Deep Learning
Polarization in ferroelectric domains arises from atomic-scale structural variations that govern macroscopic functionalities. The interfaces between these domains known as domain walls host distinct physical responses, making their identification and control critical. Four dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4DSTEM) enables simultaneous acquisition of real and reciprocal-space information at the atomic scale, offering a powerful platform for domain mapping. However, conventio…

Lithium depth profiling in NMC/Graphite commercial coin cells under high C-rate cycling
Naisargi Kanabar, Seiichiro Higashiya, Daniele Cherniak, Devendra Sadana, Stephen Bedell, Haralabos Efstathiadis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25697

Lithium depth profiling in NMC/Graphite commercial coin cells under high C-rate cycling
This study examines lithium distribution and its evolution in both anode and cathode materials of commercial lithium-ion coin cells subjected to high C-rate cycling, providing insights into lithium loss, trapping, and plating mechanisms. Cells were cycled at 1C to 3C rates, and post-mortem analysis were performed using Li nuclear reaction Analysis (Li-NRA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Li-NRA using the …

Electronic-correlation-assisted charge stripe order in a Kagome superconductor
Linwei Huai, Zhuying Wang, Huachen Rao, Yulei Han, Bo Liu, Shuikang Yu, Yunmei Zhang, Ruiqing Zang, Runqing Luan, Shuting Peng, Zhenhua Qiao, Zhenyu Wang, Junfeng He, Tao Wu, Xianhui Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17467…

Electronic-correlation-assisted charge stripe order in a Kagome superconductor
A central mystery in high-temperature cuprate superconductors is the coexistence of multiple exotic orders, which is presumably associated with strong electronic correlation. The ongoing interest in this enigmatic phenomenon is further energized when similar electronic orders and states emerge and coexist in less correlated Kagome superconductors. Here, by utilizing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy (S…

Detection of magnetic monopole in image potential states of topological insulators
Yang Zhan, Huaiyu Zhang, Yu Wang, Baojie Feng, Peng Cheng, Lan Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24648

Detection of magnetic monopole in image potential states of topological insulators
Magnetic monopoles, hypothetical particles behaving as isolated magnetic charges, have long been predicted by theories beyond the standard model but remain elusive in experimental detection. In this study, we demonstrate a novel method to induce and detect magnetic monopoles on the surface of three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs) using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). By applying a radially distributed electric field via the STM tip to induce an image magnetic monopole using t…

Graphene and thin graphite films for ultrafast optical Kerr gating at 1 GHz repetition rate under focused illumination
Amr Farrag, Assegid M. Flatae, Mario Agio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.17713 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.17713 https://arxiv.org/html/2511.17713
arXiv:2511.17713v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: The ability to address sub-picosecond events of weak optical signals is essential for progress in quantum science, nonlinear optics, and ultrafast spectroscopy. While up-conversion and optical Kerr gating (OKG) offer femtosecond resolution, they are generally limited to ensemble measurements, making ultrafast detection in nano-optics challenging. OKG, with its broadband response and high throughput without phase-matching, is especially promising when used at high repetition rates under focused illumination.
Here, we demonstrate an ultrafast detection scheme using the third-order nonlinearity of graphene and thin graphite films, operating at 1 GHz with sub-nanojoule pulses and achieving 141 fs temporal resolution. Their exceptionally large nonlinear refractive index, orders of magnitude higher than conventional Kerr media, enhances detection efficiency at smaller thicknesses, enables sub-picosecond response, and supports broadband operation. Their atomic-scale thickness minimizes dispersion and simplifies integration with microscopy platforms, optical fibers, and nanophotonic circuits, making them a compact, practical material platform for nano-optical and on-chip ultrafast Kerr gating.
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Nanoscale Polar Landscapes in Quantum Paraelectric SrTiO3
Yang Zhang, Suk Hyun Sung, Nishkarsh Agarwal, Maya Gates, Cong Li, Pu Yu, Robert Hovden, Ismail El Baggari
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24969

Nanoscale Polar Landscapes in Quantum Paraelectric SrTiO3
SrTiO3 is a textbook quantum paraelectric, with ferroelectricity purportedly suppressed by quantum fluctuations of ionic positions down to the lowest temperatures. The precise real space structure of SrTiO3 at low temperature, however, has remained undefined despite decades of study. Here we directly image the low-temperature polar structure of quantum parelectric SrTiO3, using cryogenic scanning transmission electron microscopy down to 20 K. High resolution imaging reveals a spatially fluctuat…

Intrinsic defect intolerance in the ultra-pure metal PtSn$_4$
Samikshya Sahu, Dong Chen, Niclas Heinsdorf, Ashley N. Warner, Markus Altthaler, Ashutosh K. Singh, Douglas A. Bonn, Sarah A. Burke, Alannah M. Hallas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19807

Intrinsic defect intolerance in the ultra-pure metal PtSn$_4$
Ultra-pure materials are highly valued as model systems for the study of intrinsic physics. Frequently, however, the crystal growth of such pristine samples requires significant optimization. PtSn$_4$ is a rare example of a material that naturally forms with a very low concentration of crystalline defects. Here, we investigate the origin of its low defect levels using a combination of electrical resistivity measurements, computational modeling, and scanning tunneling microscopy imaging. While t…