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Raportti: Teollisuuden ja maatalouden lobbarit pyrkivät EU:n vesipuitedirektiivin heikentämiseen https://wwf.fi/uutiset/2025/11/raportti-teollisuuden-ja-maatalouden-lobbarit-pyrkivat-eun-vesipuitedirektiivin-heikentamis…

Raportti: Teollisuuden ja maatalouden lobbarit pyrkivät EU:n vesipuitedirektiivin heikentämiseen
Vesipuitedirektiivin heikentäminen voisi pahimmillaan tarkoittaa Euroopan vesistöjen tilan huonontumista entisestään. Siitä kärsisivät niin yritykset, ihmiset, ruokaturva kuin luontokin.

Radio Frequency Amplitude-Modulation to Frequency-Modulation Signal Converter
Rishab Parthasarathy, Michael Popik, Noah Haefner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11510 https://

Radio Frequency Amplitude-Modulation to Frequency-Modulation Signal Converter
In this project, we wanted to discover an analog topology that could effectively convert amplitude-modulated (AM) signals to frequency-modulated (FM) signals, while also ensuring that both sets of signals were within their respective radio frequency (RF) bands. To that end, an effective topology for doing so was developed, characterized, and demonstrated, requiring the ability to de-modulate incoming signals from the AM radio band--spanning from 530 kHz to 1700 kHz--and re-modulate these signal…

15 years into Obamacare, the GOP health care message is as muddled as ever (Politico)
https://www.politico.com/news/2025/12/15/gop-obamacare-message-muddled-00690145
http://www.memeorandum.com/251215/p16#a251215p16

General model and modulation strategies for Sagnac-based encoders
Federico Berra, Mat\'ias Rub\'en Bola\~nos, Alberto De Toni, Kannan Vijayadharan, Costantino Agnesi, Marco Avesani, Andrea Stanco, Paolo Villoresi, Giuseppe Vallone
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11873

General model and modulation strategies for Sagnac-based encoders
In recent decades, there has been an increasing demand for faster modulation schemes. Electro-optic modulators are essential components in modern photonic systems, enabling high-speed control of light for applications ranging from telecommunications to quantum communication. Conventional inline and Mach-Zehnder modulators, while widely adopted, are limited by bias drift, high operating voltages, and polarization-mode dispersion. Sagnac loop-based modulators have recently emerged as a promising …

Artificial Intelligence Virtual Cells: From Measurements to Decisions across Modality, Scale, Dynamics, and Evaluation
Chengpeng Hu, Calvin Yu-Chian Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12498

Artificial Intelligence Virtual Cells: From Measurements to Decisions across Modality, Scale, Dynamics, and Evaluation
Artificial Intelligence Virtual Cells (AIVCs) aim to learn executable, decision-relevant models of cell state from multimodal, multiscale measurements. Recent studies have introduced single-cell and spatial foundation models, improved cross-modality alignment, scaled perturbation atlases, and explored pathway-level readouts. Nevertheless, although held-out validation is standard practice, evaluations remain predominantly within single datasets and settings; evidence indicates that transport acr…

CLAIRE: A Dual Encoder Network with RIFT Loss and Phi-3 Small Language Model Based Interpretability for Cross-Modality Synthetic Aperture Radar and Optical Land Cover Segmentation
Debopom Sutradhar, Arefin Ittesafun Abian, Mohaimenul Azam Khan Raiaan, Reem E. Mohamed, Sheikh Izzal Azid, Sami Azam
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11952

CLAIRE: A Dual Encoder Network with RIFT Loss and Phi-3 Small Language Model Based Interpretability for Cross-Modality Synthetic Aperture Radar and Optical Land Cover Segmentation
Accurate land cover classification from satellite imagery is crucial in environmental monitoring and sustainable resource management. However, it remains challenging due to the complexity of natural landscapes, the visual similarity between classes, and the significant class imbalance in the available datasets. To address these issues, we propose a dual encoder architecture that independently extracts modality-specific features from optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, which are …

Understanding the Modality Gap: An Empirical Study on the Speech-Text Alignment Mechanism of Large Speech Language Models
Bajian Xiang, Shuaijiang Zhao, Tingwei Guo, Wei Zou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12116

Understanding the Modality Gap: An Empirical Study on the Speech-Text Alignment Mechanism of Large Speech Language Models
End-to-end Large Speech Language Models (LSLMs) have demonstrated impressive conversational generation abilities, yet consistently fall short of traditional pipeline systems on semantic understanding benchmarks. In this work, we reveal through systematic experimentation that although LSLMs lose some text input performance after speech-text alignment training, the performance gap between speech and text inputs is more pronounced, which we refer to as the modality gap. To understand this gap, we …

Sign-Flipping Axion Potentials via Kapitza-Type Modulation by Heavy Axions
Kai Murai, Fuminobu Takahashi, Kosei Tomiyama
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11032 https://

Sign-Flipping Axion Potentials via Kapitza-Type Modulation by Heavy Axions
We show that the potential of a light axion can flip sign, or even nearly vanish, as a result of coherent oscillations of a heavier axion with which it mixes. This phenomenon is analogous to the Kapitza pendulum, where a high-frequency external force stabilizes an otherwise unstable configuration, but here it arises naturally from the inherent mass hierarchy and mixing among axions in the axiverse, without the need for any externally imposed modulation. We further show that a late-time sign fli…