Tootfinder

Monthly mean carbon dioxide as measured at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii.
July 2025:    
427.87. ppm
July 2024:    
425.55 ppm
The carbon dioxide data on Mauna Loa constitute the longest record of direct measurements of CO2 in the atmosphere.
https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/

Trends in CO2 - NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
GML conducts research on greenhouse gas and carbon cycle feedbacks, changes in aerosols, and surface radiation, and recovery of stratospheric ozone.

The @noaa.gov site is slow to publish the June average of atmospheric CO₂. In these times of Trump's war on climate science (building and staff already affected), this makes me worry about the end of the Keeling curve, the valuable record of 67 years. Daily measurements still coming in, though.
#CO2 #emissions

JWST COMPASS: A NIRSpec G395H Transmission Spectrum of the Super-Earth GJ 357 b
Jea Adams Redai, Nicholas Wogan, Nicole L. Wallack, Munazza K. Alam, Artyom Aguichine, Angie Wolfgang, Hannah R. Wakeford, Johanna Teske, Nicholas Scarsdale, Sarah E. Moran, Mercedes Lopez Morales, Annabella Meech, Peter Gao, Anna Gagnebin, Natasha E. Batalha, Natalie M. Batalha, Lili Alderson

JWST COMPASS: A NIRSpec G395H Transmission Spectrum of the Super-Earth GJ 357 b
We present JWST NIRSpec/G395H transmission spectroscopy observations of GJ 357 b, a warm ($T_{\mathrm{eq}} \approx 525$ K) super-Earth ($1.2\ \mathrm{R_{\oplus}} $, $1.84\ \mathrm{M_{\oplus}} $) orbiting a nearby M3-type star, with a median precision of 18 ppm and 27 ppm in NRS1 and NRS2, respectively. These precisions are obtained by binning the spectrum into 53 spectroscopic channels with a resolution of 60 pixels (around 0.02 $μ$m) each. Our analysis of the transmission spectrum reveals no …

Confirmed: July average of atmospheric CO2 at Mauna Loa was ~2.3 ppm higher than last year, at 427.9 ppm.
Overall, we're still speeding in the wrong direction!
#co2 #emissions #climatechange

Modeling the Doppler Shift in Cislunar Environment with Gaussian Mixture Models
Baris Donmez, Sebastien Loranger, Gunes Karabulut Kurt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07134 https://

Modeling the Doppler Shift in Cislunar Environment with Gaussian Mixture Models
This study investigates the RF-based Doppler shift distribution characterization of the Lunar South Pole (LSP) based inter-satellite link (ISL) in varying inclination. Doppler shift in parts per million (ppm) is determined and analyzed, as it provides an independence from the carrier frequency. Due to unknown relative velocity states duration, the Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is found to be the best fitting distribution for ISLs with $1^\circ$ inclination interval Doppler shift with respect to …

Characterization of low-nitrogen quantum diamond for pulsed magnetometry applications
Jiashen Tang, Connor A. Roncaioli, Andrew M. Edmonds, Atli Davidsson, Connor A. Hart, Matthew L. Markham, Ronald L. Walsworth
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06884

Characterization of low-nitrogen quantum diamond for pulsed magnetometry applications
Ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are versatile quantum sensors with broad applications in the physical and life sciences. The concentration of neutral substitutional nitrogen ([N$_\text{s}^0$]) strongly influences coherence times, sensitivity, and optimal sensing strategies. Diamonds with [N$_\text{s}^0$] $\sim\,1-10\,\text{ppm}$ are a focus of recent material engineering efforts, with higher concentrations being favorable for continuous-wave optically detected magnetic res…

Atmospheric CO2, measured at Mauna Loa (still in operation), was up 2.5 ppm in August, compared to last year: 425.5 ppm vs 423.0.
#ClimateChange #emissions #co2

Hydrogen-induced fast fracture in a 1.5 GPa dual-phase steel
Rama Srinivas Varanasi, Motomichi Koyama, Shuya Chiba, Saya Ajito, Eiji Akiyama
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06323 htt…

Hydrogen-induced fast fracture in a 1.5 GPa dual-phase steel
This study clarifies the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) behavior in a 1.5 GPa ferrite-martensite dual-phase (DP) steel. Hydrogen pre-charging (3.8 mass ppm diffusible hydrogen), followed by slow strain tensile testing (10-4 s-1), resulted in a brittle fracture at 900 MPa within the elastic regime. Fractographic studies indicated that surface crack initiation consists of intergranular and quasi-cleavage morphology; site-specific transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations revealed sub-sur…

FPV Protocols Explained (CRSF, SBUS, DSHOT, ACCST, PPM, PWM and more)
This post will give a broad overview of all the common RC protocols in FPV, and how they fit into the communication system in an FPV drone, and what their differences are.
🌐 https://oscarliang.com/rc-protocols/

FPV Protocols Explained (CRSF, SBUS, DSHOT, ACCST, PPM, PWM and more) - Oscar Liang
I will explain the common RC protocols between flight controller, radio receiver and transmitter communications, including SBUS, CRSF, PWM, DSMX, FPort etc.

Born at PPM site ... =
"parts-per-million – ppm, 10−6"
referenced from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parts-per_notation&oldid=1299770504
"Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Earth"
There are…

Parts-per notation - Wikipedia

The July average of atmospheric CO₂ at Mauna Loa was ~2.3-2.4 ppm higher than last year: based on daily values, it was around 427.9 ppm.
#co2

Trends in CO2 - NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
GML conducts research on greenhouse gas and carbon cycle feedbacks, changes in aerosols, and surface radiation, and recovery of stratospheric ozone.

A 16.28 ppm/{\deg}C Temperature Coefficient, 0.5V Low-Voltage CMOS Voltage Reference with Curvature Compensation
Harshith Reddy, Pankaj Arora
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15729 ht…

A 16.28 ppm/°C Temperature Coefficient, 0.5V Low-Voltage CMOS Voltage Reference with Curvature Compensation
This paper presents a fully-integrated CMOS voltage reference designed in a 90 nm process node using low voltage threshold (LVT) transistor models. The voltage reference leverages subthreshold operation and near-weak inversion characteristics, backed by an all-region MOSFET model. The proposed design achieves a very low operating supply voltage of 0.5 V and a remarkably low temperature coefficient of 16.28 ppm/°C through the mutual compensation of CTAT, PTAT, and curvature-correction currents,…

Ion-Beam-Sputtered Mid-Infrared Coatings for Hybrid Supermirrors
Lukas W. Perner, Valentin J. Wittwer, Gar-Wing Truong, Seth B. Cata\~no-Lopez, Garrett D. Cole, Thomas S\"udmeyer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21462

Ion-Beam-Sputtered Mid-Infrared Coatings for Hybrid Supermirrors
We report on the development of low-loss ion-beam-sputtered (IBS) mid-infrared coatings for hybrid supermirrors. Two highly reflective designs were realized: HR1, a 4-period a-Si/SiO$_2$ DBR with an Al$_2$O$_3$ bonding layer, and HR2, a 6-period a-Si/Ta$_2$O$_5$ DBR with an a-Si terminating layer for bonding. Combined with a GaAs/AlGaAs crystalline mirror, HR2-based hybrids yielded a total loss of 9.3 ppm and excess loss of 6.8 ppm at 4.45 $μ$m, with cavity finesse up to 396000. For the first …

Replaced article(s) found for cs.RO. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.RO/new
[1/2]:
- COBRA-PPM: A Causal Bayesian Reasoning Architecture Using Probabilistic Programming for Robot Man...
Ricardo Cannizzaro, Michael Groom, Jonathan Routley, Robert Osazuwa Ness, Lars Kunze

Another big jump in atmospheric CO₂ measured at Mauna Loa*: based on daily values, the June average was ~429.7 ppm, that's 2.8 ppm higher than last year!
*) Trump regime now threatening to discontinue this unique and essential measurement series running since 1958
#CO2 #emissions

Run 2/3 measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment by the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab
Estifa'a Zaid (University of Liverpool, Oliver Lodge, Liverpool, United Kingdom)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21219

Run 2/3 measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment by the Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab
The Muon g-2 experiment at Fermilab seeks to measure the muon magnetic moment anomaly, $a_μ=(g-2)/2$, with a final target precision of 0.14 parts-per-million (ppm). The experiment's initial result, published in 2021 using Run 1 data from 2018, confirmed the previous measurement at Brookhaven National Laboratory with a comparable sensitivity of 0.46 ppm. In 2023, a new result based on Run 2 and Run 3 data, collected in 2019 and 2020, was released. These datasets contain four times the data from…

Working My Way Back to You: Resource-Centric Next-Activity Prediction
Kelly Kurowski, Xixi Lu, Hajo A Reijers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19016 https://arxi…

Working My Way Back to You: Resource-Centric Next-Activity Prediction
Predictive Process Monitoring (PPM) aims to train models that forecast upcoming events in process executions. These predictions support early bottleneck detection, improved scheduling, proactive interventions, and timely communication with stakeholders. While existing research adopts a control-flow perspective, we investigate next-activity prediction from a resource-centric viewpoint, which offers additional benefits such as improved work organization, workload balancing, and capacity forecasti…

Searching for missing interstellar oxygen in the far-infrared
Takashi Onaka, Itsuki Sakon, Takashi Shimonishi, Mitsuhiko Honda
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01846 https://

Searching for missing interstellar oxygen in the far-infrared
Study of interstellar elemental depletion poses an important problem in the interstellar matter that at least a quarter of the total oxygen ($\sim 160$ ppm relative to hydrogen) is not accounted for in any known form of oxygen in the translucent or dense interstellar medium (ISM). Detailed analysis of the absorption feature of water ice at 3 $μ$m suggests that one fifth of the missing oxygen may reside in 3 $μ$m-sized water ice grains. However, the 3 $μ$m feature becomes complex and weak for…

Confirmed: another big jump in atmospheric CO2 concentration. The June average at Mauna Loa was 429.6 ppm, that's 2.7 ppm more than last year!
#co2 #emissions #climatechange

Auf den ersten Blick klingt es ganz logisch, daß reaktionäre Politik die Welt zurückbringt, aber deswegen kommen wir damit nicht zurück zu 300 ppm CO₂. So funktioniert Physik nicht.
#pol

State of the Climate in 2024 ist erschienen.
2024 war das wärmste Jahr seit Beginn der Aufzeichnungen. Die #CO2-Konzentration stieg auf 422,8 ppm – 52 % über dem vorindustriellen Niveau.
Extreme #Wetterlagen nahmen zu: schwere Überschwemmungen in

State of the Climate in 2024
Abstract Editors note: For easy download the posted pdf of the State of the Climate in 2024 is a low-resolution file. A high-resolution copy of the report is available by clicking here. Please be patient as it may take a few minutes for the high-resolution file to download.

High-Precision Quantum Dynamics of He$_2$ b $^3\Pi_\mathrm{g}$-c $^3\Sigma_\mathrm{g}^ $ including Non-adiabatic, Relativistic and QED Corrections and Couplings
Bal\'azs R\'acsai, P\'eter Jeszenszki, \'Ad\'am Marg\'ocsy, Edit M\'atyus
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23879

High-Precision Quantum Dynamics of He$_2$ b $^3Π_\mathrm{g}$-c $^3Σ_\mathrm{g}^+$ including Non-adiabatic, Relativistic and QED Corrections and Couplings
Relativistic, quantum electrodynamics, as well as non-adiabatic corrections and couplings, are computed for the b $^3Π_\mathrm{g}$ and c $^3Σ_\mathrm{g}^+$ electronic states of the helium dimer. The underlying Born-Oppenheimer potential energy curves are converged to 1 ppm ($1:10^6$) relative precision using a variational explicitly correlated Gaussian approach. % The quantum nuclear motion is computed over the b $^3Π_\mathrm{g}$-c $^3Σ_\mathrm{g}^+$ (and B $^1Π_\mathrm{g}$-C $^1Σ_\mathrm…

First JWST thermal phase curves of temperate terrestrial exoplanets reveal no thick atmosphere around TRAPPIST-1 b and c
Micha\"el Gillon, Elsa Ducrot, Taylor J. Bell, Ziyu Huang, Andrew Lincowski, Xintong Lyu, Alice Maurel, Alexandre Revol, Eric Agol, Emeline Bolmont, Chuanfei Dong, Thomas J. Fauchez, Daniel D. B. Koll, J\'er\'emy Leconte, Victoria S. Meadows, Franck Selsis, Martin Turbet, Benjamin Charnay, Laetita Delre, Brice-Olivier Demory, Aaron Householder, Sebastian…

First JWST thermal phase curves of temperate terrestrial exoplanets reveal no thick atmosphere around TRAPPIST-1 b and c
We report JWST/MIRI 15 $μ$m phase curves of TRAPPIST-1 b and c, revealing thermal emission consistent with their irradiation levels, assuming no efficient heat redistribution. We find that TRAPPIST-1 b shows a high dayside brightness temperature (490 $\pm$ 17 K), no significantly detectable nightside emission ($F_{\rm b, Night, max}$ = $39_{-27}^{+55}$ ppm), and no phase offset -- features consistent with a low-albedo, airless ultramafic rocky surface. TRAPPIST-1 c exhibits a lower dayside bri…

High-quality Tungsten-doped Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films Fabricated in an Extremely Low-oxygen Furnace Environment
Vishwa Krishna Rajan, Ken Araki, Robert Y. Wang, Liping Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01956

High-quality Tungsten-doped Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films Fabricated in an Extremely Low-oxygen Furnace Environment
This work reports the fabrication and characterization of high-quality tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide (WxV1-xO2, x = 0~3 at. %) by thermal oxidation of sputtered tungsten-vanadium alloyed thin films with different atomic percentages and high-temperature annealing in an extremely low oxygen atmosphere (5 to 20 ppm) along with reduction of surface over-oxides in high vacuum (1 mPa). Oxidation parameters such as temperature, time and nitrogen purging rate are first optimized for obtaining high qu…

Elastic Buffer Design for Real-Time All-Digital Clock Recovery Enabling Free-Running Receiver Clock with Negative and Positive Clock Frequency Offsets
Patrick Matalla, Joel Dittmer, Md Salek Mahmud, Christian Koos, Sebastian Randel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13748

Elastic Buffer Design for Real-Time All-Digital Clock Recovery Enabling Free-Running Receiver Clock with Negative and Positive Clock Frequency Offsets
We present an elastic buffer design that enables all-digital clock recovery implementation with free-running receiver clock featuring negative and positive clock frequency offsets. Error-free real-time data transmission is demonstrated from -400 ppm to +400 ppm.

Beam-Normal Single-Spin Asymmetry in $^{208}$Pb at low energy: discrepancy resolved or new kinematic puzzle?
A. Esser, N. Kozyrev, K. Aulenbacher, S. Baunack, M. Dehn, A. Del Vincio, L. Doria, M. Hoek, F. Keil, F. Maas, H. Merkel, M. Mihovilovic, U. M\"uller, J. Pochodzalla, B. S. Schlimme, T. Shao, S. Stengel, M. Thiel, L. Wilhelm, C. Sfienti
https://

Beam-Normal Single-Spin Asymmetry in $^{208}$Pb at low energy: discrepancy resolved or new kinematic puzzle?
A longstanding discrepancy between measured and predicted beam-normal single-spin asymmetries $A_{n}$ in elastic electron scattering off $^{208}$Pb has challenged our understanding of two-photon exchange (TPE) in heavy nuclei. We report a new measurement at 570 MeV and $Q^2$=0.04 $GeV^2$/$c^2$, yielding$A_n = (-9.1 \pm 2.1~\text{(stat)} \pm 0.7~\text{(syst)})~\mathrm{ppm}$. This nonzero value contrasts with previous results at higher energies and suggests a kinematic dependence of TPE effects n…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.RO. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.RO/new
[1/1]:
- COBRA-PPM: A Causal Bayesian Reasoning Architecture Using Probabilistic Programming for Robot Man...
Ricardo Cannizzaro, Michael Groom, Jonathan Routley, Robert Osazuwa Ness, Lars Kunze

Permutation patterns in streams
Benjamin Aram Berendsohn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11291 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.11291

Permutation patterns in streams
Permutation patterns and pattern avoidance are central, well-studied concepts in combinatorics and computer science. Given two permutations $τ$ and $π$, the pattern matching problem (PPM) asks whether $τ$ contains $π$. This problem arises in various contexts in computer science and statistics and has been studied extensively in exact-, parameterized-, approximate-, property-testing- and other formulations. In this paper, we study pattern matching in a \emph{streaming setting}, when the in…

Replaced article(s) found for stat.AP. https://arxiv.org/list/stat.AP/new
[1/1]:
- COBRA-PPM: A Causal Bayesian Reasoning Architecture Using Probabilistic Programming for Robot Man...
Ricardo Cannizzaro, Michael Groom, Jonathan Routley, Robert Osazuwa Ness, Lars Kunze

Rovibrational computations for the He$_2$ a $^3\Sigma_\mathrm{u}^ $ state including non-adiabatic, relativistic, and QED corrections
\'Ad\'am Marg\'ocsy, Bal\'azs R\'acsai, P\'eter Jeszenszki, Edit M\'atyus
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19116

Rovibrational computations for the He$_2$ a $^3Σ_\mathrm{u}^+$ state including non-adiabatic, relativistic, and QED corrections
A potential energy curve (PEC) accurate to a fraction of 1 ppm ($1:10^6$) is computed for the $^3Σ_\mathrm{u}^+$ state of He$_2$ endowed with relativistic and QED corrections. The nuclear Schrödinger equation is solved on this PEC with diagonal Born-Oppenheimer and non-adiabatic mass corrections to obtain highly accurate rotational-vibrational levels. The computed rovibrational intervals and fine-structure splittings, spanning over several orders of magnitude in energy, are found to be in rem…