Tootfinder

Concept-Based Mechanistic Interpretability Using Structured Knowledge Graphs
Sofiia Chorna, Kateryna Tarelkina, Elo\"ise Berthier, Gianni Franchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05810

Concept-Based Mechanistic Interpretability Using Structured Knowledge Graphs
While concept-based interpretability methods have traditionally focused on local explanations of neural network predictions, we propose a novel framework and interactive tool that extends these methods into the domain of mechanistic interpretability. Our approach enables a global dissection of model behavior by analyzing how high-level semantic attributes (referred to as concepts) emerge, interact, and propagate through internal model components. Unlike prior work that isolates individual neuro…

On the Convergence Speed of Spatially Coupled LDPC Ensembles Under Window Decoding
Qingqing Peng, Dongxu Chang, Guanghui Wang, Guiying Yan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06635

On the Convergence Speed of Spatially Coupled LDPC Ensembles Under Window Decoding
It is known that windowed decoding (WD) can effectively balance the performance and complexity of spatially coupled low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. In this study, we show that information can propagate in a wave-like manner at a constant speed under WD. Additionally, we provide an upper bound for the information propagation speed on the binary erasure channel, which can assist in designing the number of iterations required within each window.

Infrared foundations for quantum geometry II: Catalogue of all torsion-like theories including new ghost-tachyon-free cases
Will Barker, Carlo Marzo, Alessandro Santoni
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05349

Infrared foundations for quantum geometry II: Catalogue of all torsion-like theories including new ghost-tachyon-free cases
The construction of consistent effective field theories in the infrared demands that models be defined by their underlying gauge symmetries, rather than by an arbitrary tuning of couplings or a cherry-picking of operators which may not be stable against radiative corrections. Adhering to this principle, we systematically derive all linear, parity-conserving models that propagate a pair-antisymmetric rank-three field on a Minkowski background. Such models are relevant not only to torsion, but to…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.15375 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Well-Posedness of Contact Discontinuity Solutions and Vanishing Pressure Limit for the Aw-Rascle Traffic Flow Model
This paper investigates the well-posedness of contact discontinuity solutions and the vanishing pressure limit for the Aw-Rascle traffic flow model with general pressure functions. The well-posedness problem is formulated as a free boundary problem, where initial discontinuities propagate along linearly degenerate characteristics. To address vacuum degeneracy, a condition at density jump points is introduced, ensuring a uniform lower bound for density. The Lagrangian coordinate transformation i…

Unified understanding of Alfv\'enic superradiance and the Blandford-Znajek process in a force-free black hole magnetosphere
Sousuke Noda, Masaaki Takahashi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04771

Unified understanding of Alfvénic superradiance and the Blandford-Znajek process in a force-free black hole magnetosphere
We investigate the extraction of energy from a Kerr black hole via Alfvén waves (i.e., Alfvénic superradiance) in a force-free magnetosphere, in which the plasma inertia effects are ignored. We analyze the Poynting flux generated by Alfvén waves that propagate toward the event horizon across the inner light surface, the causal boundary for the waves. We find the relationship between the energy flux associated with Alfvén waves and that of the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process. That is, both mec…

Error Detection and Correction for Interpretable Mathematics in Large Language Models
Yijin Yang, Cristina Cornelio, Mario Leiva, Paulo Shakarian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03500

Error Detection and Correction for Interpretable Mathematics in Large Language Models
Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to perform explicit multi-step reasoning such as chain-of-thought prompting. However, their intermediate steps often contain errors that can propagate leading to inaccurate final predictions. Additionally, LLMs still struggle with hallucinations and often fail to adhere to prescribed output formats, which is particularly problematic for tasks like generating mathematical expressions or source code. This work introduces EDCIM (Err…

Multi-Agent Taskforce Collaboration: Self-Correction of Compounding Errors in Long-Form Literature Review Generation
Zhi Zhang, Yan Liu, Zhejing Hu, Gong Chen, Sheng-hua Zhong, Jiannong Cao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04306

Multi-Agent Taskforce Collaboration: Self-Correction of Compounding Errors in Long-Form Literature Review Generation
Literature reviews play an important role in scientific research. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have boosted the development of automated systems for the entire literature review workflow, from retrieval to manuscript drafting. However, a key challenge is that mistakes made in early stages can propagate and amplify in subsequent steps, leading to compounding errors that undermine the faithfulness of the final review. To tackle this issue, we propose the Multi-Agent Taskforce C…

Variational mode decomposition analysis of the relationship between low-frequency shock-wave oscillations and buffet cells
Yuya Ohmichi, Yosuke Sugioka
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04250

Variational mode decomposition analysis of the relationship between low-frequency shock-wave oscillations and buffet cells
This study investigates the relationship between low-frequency shock-wave oscillations and buffet cells on the main wing of the NASA common research model. The flow conditions were set at a Mach number of 0.85, Reynolds number of 2.27 $\times$ 10$^6$, and angle of attack of 4.82$^{\circ}$. Buffet cells are cellular patterns with spanwise periodicity that propagate toward the wing tip, with nondimensional frequencies (Strouhal numbers) of 0.2--0.6, higher than those of shock oscillations associa…

Tight-binding photonics
Jing Li, Aodong Li, Yutao Chen, Tao Xiao, Renwen Huang, Xiaolu Zhuo, Jun Guan, Zhen Gao, Peng Zhan, Minghui Lu, Biye Xie
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04465

Tight-binding photonics
Photonics, dealing with the generation, manipulation, and detection of photons in various systems, lays the foundation of many advanced technologies. A key task of photonics is to know how photons propagate in complex media such as periodic and aperiodic photonic crystals. The conventional wisdom is to numerically solve the Maxwell equations either by dedicated numerical techniques or brute-force finite-element calculations. Recently, the strict analogy between photonic crystals and theoretical…

PROV-AGENT: Unified Provenance for Tracking AI Agent Interactions in Agentic Workflows
Renan Souza, Amal Gueroudji, Stephen DeWitt, Daniel Rosendo, Tirthankar Ghosal, Robert Ross, Prasanna Balaprakash, Rafael Ferreira da Silva
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02866

PROV-AGENT: Unified Provenance for Tracking AI Agent Interactions in Agentic Workflows
Foundation models, such as Large Language Models (LLMs), are increasingly used as core components of AI agents in complex, large-scale workflows across federated and heterogeneous environments. In agentic workflows, autonomous agents plan tasks, interact with humans and peers, and shape scientific outcomes. This makes transparency, traceability, reproducibility, and reliability essential. However, AI-based agents can hallucinate or reason incorrectly, and their decisions may propagate errors th…

Conditional Residual Coding with Explicit-Implicit Temporal Buffering for Learned Video Compression
Yi-Hsin Chen, Kuan-Wei Ho, Martin Benjak, J\"orn Ostermann, Wen-Hsiao Peng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01818

Conditional Residual Coding with Explicit-Implicit Temporal Buffering for Learned Video Compression
This work proposes a hybrid, explicit-implicit temporal buffering scheme for conditional residual video coding. Recent conditional coding methods propagate implicit temporal information for inter-frame coding, demonstrating superior coding performance to those relying exclusively on previously decoded frames (i.e. the explicit temporal information). However, these methods require substantial memory to store a large number of implicit features. This work presents a hybrid buffering strategy. For…

Daily fluctuations propagate damply through a black hole accretion disk
Han He, Yi Long, Bei You, Fu-Guo Xie, Zhen Yan, Andrzej A. Zdziarski, Sai-En Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01384

Daily fluctuations propagate damply through a black hole accretion disk
Propagating fluctuations within accretion disks are known to induce multi-wavelength variability across diverse timescales. While these fluctuations have been widely invoked to explain rapid timing phenomena within the inner disk region in the frequency domain, observational signatures of outer-disk fluctuations propagating in the time domain remain sparse. Here, we present an analysis of observations by the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) during the 2023 outburst of the newly discovered…

CITS: Nonparametric Statistical Causal Modeling for High-Resolution Neural Time Series
Rahul Biswas, SuryaNarayana Sripada, Somabha Mukherjee, Reza Abbasi-Asl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01920

CITS: Nonparametric Statistical Causal Modeling for High-Resolution Neural Time Series
Understanding how signals propagate through neural circuits is central to deciphering brain computation. While functional connectivity captures statistical associations, it does not reveal directionality or causal mechanisms. We introduce CITS (Causal Inference in Time Series), a non-parametric method for inferring statistically causal neural circuitry from high-resolution time series data. CITS models neural dynamics using a structural causal model with arbitrary Markov order and tests for tim…

Full-History Graphs with Edge-Type Decoupled Networks for Temporal Reasoning
Osama Mohammed, Jiaxin Pan, Mojtaba Nayyeri, Daniel Hern\'andez, Steffen Staab
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03251

Full-History Graphs with Edge-Type Decoupled Networks for Temporal Reasoning
Modeling evolving interactions among entities is critical in many real-world tasks. For example, predicting driver maneuvers in traffic requires tracking how neighboring vehicles accelerate, brake, and change lanes relative to one another over consecutive frames. Likewise, detecting financial fraud hinges on following the flow of funds through successive transactions as they propagate through the network. Unlike classic time-series forecasting, these settings demand reasoning over who interacts…

Online Bayesian system identification in multivariate autoregressive models via message passing
T. N. Nisslbeck, Wouter M. Kouw
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02710

Online Bayesian system identification in multivariate autoregressive models via message passing
We propose a recursive Bayesian estimation procedure for multivariate autoregressive models with exogenous inputs based on message passing in a factor graph. Unlike recursive least-squares, our method produces full posterior distributions for both the autoregressive coefficients and noise precision. The uncertainties regarding these estimates propagate into the uncertainties on predictions for future system outputs, and support online model evidence calculations. We demonstrate convergence empi…

Strongly driven transmon as an incoherent noise source
Linda Greggio, R\'emi Robin, Mazyar Mirrahimi, Alexandru Petrescu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24549

Strongly driven transmon as an incoherent noise source
Under strong drives, which are becoming necessary for fast high-fidelity operations, transmons can be structurally unstable. Due to chaotic effects, the computational manifold is no longer well separated from the remainder of the spectrum, which correlates with enhanced offset-charge sensitivity and destructive effects in readout. We show here that these detrimental effects can further propagate to other degrees of freedom, for example to neighboring qubits in a multi-qubit system. Specifically…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.02638 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

An Alcock-Paczynski Test on Reionization Bubbles for Cosmology
In this paper, we propose an Alcock-Paczyński (AP) test to constrain cosmology using HII bubbles during the Epoch of Reionization. Similarly to cosmic voids, a stack of HII bubbles is spherically symmetric because ionizing fronts propagate isotropically on average (even if individual bubbles may not be spherical), making them standard spheres to be used in an AP test. Upcoming 21-cm observations, from the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) for instance, will contain tomographic information about HII…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.03393 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Effects of Interpolation Error and Bias on the Random Mesh Finite Element Method for Inverse Problems
Bayesian inverse problems are an important application for probabilistic solvers of partial differential equations: when fully resolving numerical error is computationally infeasible, probabilistic solvers can be used to consistently model the error and propagate it to the posterior. In this work, the performance of the random mesh finite element method (RM-FEM) is investigated in a Bayesian inverse setting. We show how interpolation error negatively affects the RM-FEM posterior, and how these …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.02275 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXi…

Rapid topographic scatter of near-inertial waves generated by storms
Internal waves propagate on the ocean's stratification, carrying energy and redistributing momentum through the ocean. When internal waves break, they contribute to diapycnal mixing in the ocean interior, but this breaking behaviour depends upon the scale of the waves. Low-mode internal waves have larger horizontal and vertical scales, and thus break less readily than higher-mode waves. The scattering of internal waves by topography is an important mechanism in transferring internal wave energy…

Is convective turbulence the only exciting mechanism of global p modes in the Sun?
E. Panetier, R. A. Garc\'ia, S. N. Breton, A. Jim\'enez, T. Foglizzo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23686

Is convective turbulence the only exciting mechanism of global p modes in the Sun?
In solar-like oscillators, acoustic waves are excited by turbulent motion in the convective envelope and propagate inward, generating a variety of standing pressure modes. When combining together the power of several solar acoustic modes, an excess not compatible with pure stochastic excitation was found in some studies. This could be the signature of a second mode excitation source. With over 27 years of helioseismic data from the Sun as a star observations by the Solar and Heliospheric Observ…

RESOLVE: Rare Event Surrogate Likelihood for Gravitational Wave Paleontology Parameter Estimation
Ann-Kathrin Schuetz, Alexander Migala, Adam Boesky, Alan W. P. Poon, Floor S. Broekgaarden, Aobo Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.00757

RESOLVE: Rare Event Surrogate Likelihood for Gravitational Wave Paleontology Parameter Estimation
The first detection of gravitational waves, recognized by the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics, has opened up a new research field: gravitational-wave paleontology. When massive stars evolve into black holes and collide, they create gravitational waves that propagate through space and time. These gravitational-waves, now detectable on Earth, act as fossils tracing the histories of the massive stars that created them. Estimating physics parameters of these massive stars from detected gravitational-wa…

HyTIP: Hybrid Temporal Information Propagation for Masked Conditional Residual Video Coding
Yi-Hsin Chen, Yi-Chen Yao, Kuan-Wei Ho, Chun-Hung Wu, Huu-Tai Phung, Martin Benjak, J\"orn Ostermann, Wen-Hsiao Peng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02072

HyTIP: Hybrid Temporal Information Propagation for Masked Conditional Residual Video Coding
Most frame-based learned video codecs can be interpreted as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) propagating reference information along the temporal dimension. This work revisits the limitations of the current approaches from an RNN perspective. The output-recurrence methods, which propagate decoded frames, are intuitive but impose dual constraints on the output decoded frames, leading to suboptimal rate-distortion performance. In contrast, the hidden-to-hidden connection approaches, which propaga…

Local Type Inference for Context-Free Session Types
Bernardo Almeida (LASIGE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal), Andreia Mordido (LASIGE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal), Vasco T. Vasconcelos (LASIGE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20855

Local Type Inference for Context-Free Session Types
We address the problem of local type inference for a language based on System F with context-free session types. We present an algorithm that leverages the bidirectional type checking approach to propagate type information, enabling first class polymorphism while addressing the intricacies brought about by the sequential composition operator and type equivalence. The algorithm improves the language's usability by eliminating the need for type annotations at type application sites.

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.19388 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_qbi…

A minimal model of pan-immunity maintenance by horizontal gene transfer in the ecological dynamics of bacteria and phages
Bacteria and phages have been in an ongoing arms race for billions of years. To resist phages bacteria have evolved numerous defense systems, which nevertheless are still overcome by counter-defense mechanisms of specific phages. These defense/counter-defense systems are a major element of microbial genetic diversity and have been demonstrated to propagate between strains by Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT). It has been proposed that the totality of defense systems found in microbial communities …

Human Mobility in Epidemic Modeling
Xin Lu, Jiawei Feng, Shengjie Lai, Petter Holme, Shuo Liu, Zhanwei Du, Xiaoqian Yuan, Siqing Wang, Yunxuan Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Yuan Bai, Xiaojun Duan, Wenjun Mei, Hongjie Yu, Suoyi Tan, Fredrik Liljeros
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22799

Human Mobility in Epidemic Modeling
Human mobility forms the backbone of contact patterns through which infectious diseases propagate, fundamentally shaping the spatio-temporal dynamics of epidemics and pandemics. While traditional models are often based on the assumption that all individuals have the same probability of infecting every other individual in the population, a so-called random homogeneous mixing, they struggle to capture the complex and heterogeneous nature of real-world human interactions. Recent advancements in da…

PyPitfall: Dependency Chaos and Software Supply Chain Vulnerabilities in Python
Jacob Mahon, Chenxi Hou, Zhihao Yao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18075 https://

PyPitfall: Dependency Chaos and Software Supply Chain Vulnerabilities in Python
Python software development heavily relies on third-party packages. Direct and transitive dependencies create a labyrinth of software supply chains. While it is convenient to reuse code, vulnerabilities within these dependency chains can propagate through dependencies, potentially affecting down-stream packages and applications. PyPI, the official Python package repository, hosts many packages and lacks a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of vulnerable dependencies. This paper introduces…

Learning Kinetic Monte Carlo stochastic dynamics with Deep Generative Adversarial Networks
Daniele Lanzoni, Olivier Pierre-Louis, Roberto Bergamaschini, Francesco Montalenti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21763

Learning Kinetic Monte Carlo stochastic dynamics with Deep Generative Adversarial Networks
We show that Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) may be fruitfully exploited to learn stochastic dynamics, surrogating traditional models while capturing thermal fluctuations. Specifically, we showcase the application to a two-dimensional, many-particle system, focusing on surface-step fluctuations and on the related time-dependent roughness. After the construction of a dataset based on Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, a conditional GAN is trained to propagate stochastically the state of the…

Coolest part of this: it somehow escaped Dutch Elm Disease and they are gathering its seeds to propagate what *may* be naturally resistant genetics. https://flipboard.com/@cbcnews/top-stories-01r3k2ttz/-/a-CoiPb3nXRaK1lwOlyr7ZwA:a%3…

One of Toronto's oldest elm trees is on its last legs. Researchers are racing to re-grow copies
One of the largest old elm trees in Toronto — possibly in all of southern Ontario — is on its last legs. But as the city finalizes plans to take down …

Torsional modulation of atmospheric neutrino oscillation
Riya Barick, Amitabha Lahiri
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19354 https://arxiv.…

Torsional modulation of atmospheric neutrino oscillation
Fermions act as sources of spacetime torsion. However, this torsion is non-dynamical and can be eliminated using its equations of motion. The resulting theory features an effective four-fermion interaction in a torsion-free background. Generically this interaction is non-universal and violates parity. When neutrinos propagate through matter, they experience the effect of this geometrical interaction, which is similar to the MSW effect, but diagonal in the mass basis. Since this quartic interact…

The mantle-inner core gravitational mode of oscillation in a strong magnetic field regime
Mathieu Dumberry
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21271 https://…

The mantle-inner core gravitational mode of oscillation in a strong magnetic field regime
The mantle-inner core gravitational (MICG) mode is the free mode axial oscillation between the mantle and inner core sustained by the gravitational torque between their degree 2 order 2 density structures. Here, we investigate how the MICG mode is affected by oscillations of cylindrical surfaces in the fluid outer core in the form of Alfvén waves. The latter are triggered by oscillations of the tangent cylinder (TC) moving jointly with the inner core and propagate away from the rotation axis. …

Mitigating Object Hallucinations via Sentence-Level Early Intervention
Shangpin Peng, Senqiao Yang, Li Jiang, Zhuotao Tian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12455

Mitigating Object Hallucinations via Sentence-Level Early Intervention
Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have revolutionized cross-modal understanding but continue to struggle with hallucinations - fabricated content contradicting visual inputs. Existing hallucination mitigation methods either incur prohibitive computational costs or introduce distribution mismatches between training data and model outputs. We identify a critical insight: hallucinations predominantly emerge at the early stages of text generation and propagate through subsequent outputs. To …

Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens
JB Pendry
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01682 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.01682

Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens
With a conventional lens sharpness of the image is always limited by the wavelength of light. An unconventional alternative to a lens, a slab of negative refractive index material, has the power to focus all Fourier components of a 2D image, even those that do not propagate in a radiative manner. Such super lenses can be realised in the microwave band with current technology and a version operating at the frequency of visible light, but at short distances of a few nanometres, can be realised in…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.03273 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

The EMPI Code for Plasma-Induced Effects on Radio Waves I: Non-Magnetized Media and Applications to Fast Radio Bursts
Electromagnetic waves undergo modifications as they propagate through plasma. We present EMPI (ElectroMagnetic-wave Plasma Interaction), a three-dimensional numerical framework designed to simulate the interaction between radio signals and cold plasma. With input plasma density profiles, intrinsic radio signals, and the time and frequency resolutions of the telescope, the code synthesizes observed signals using first-principles calculations. EMPI is capable of modeling a wide range of plasma di…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.03350 has been replaced.
link: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=a

Modeling Polarized Radio Sounding Observations of a Coronal Mass Ejection
Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) evolve significantly as they propagate from the Sun to the Earth, so remote observations of their changes in speed, strength of the magnetic field, density, and overall structure are critical for predicting their arrival time and geoeffectiveness. Radio line-of-sight observations of Faraday rotation and Total Electron Content combined with white-light observations enables the measurement of these properties with careful analyses. This paper describes the analysis t…

Can Non-Relativistic Strings Propagate Without Geometric Baggage?
Partha Nandi, Sk. Moinuddin, Abdus Sattar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12506 https://

Can Non-Relativistic Strings Propagate Without Geometric Baggage?
We present a minimal and dynamically consistent formulation of non-relativistic bosonic string theory in a Newton-Cartan (NC) background. Starting from a reparametrization-invariant Nambu-Goto action, we develop the Hamiltonian framework and perform a complete Dirac constraint analysis. The resulting structure exhibits first-class constraints that generate worldsheet diffeomorphisms, confirming the internal gauge consistency of the model. Using an interpolating Lagrangian, we derive a Polyakov-…

A Self-Organized Criticality Model of Extreme Events and Cascading Disasters of Hub and Spoke Air Traffic Networks
Mary Lai O. Salva\~na, Harold Jay M. Bolingot, Gregory L. Tangonan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16727

A Self-Organized Criticality Model of Extreme Events and Cascading Disasters of Hub and Spoke Air Traffic Networks
Critical infrastructure networks--including transportation, power grids, and communication systems--exhibit complex interdependencies that can lead to cascading failures with catastrophic consequences. These disasters often originate from failures at critical points in the network, where single-node disruptions can propagate rapidly due to structural dependencies and high-impact linkages. Such vulnerabilities are exacerbated in systems that have been highly optimized for efficiency or have self…

Observations of high-frequency spectral peaks from in-situ waves in ice data: evidence for nonlinear waves in ice triad interactions?
Jean Rabault, Joey Voermans, Takehiko Nose, Graig Sutherland, Alexander Babanin, Takuji Waseda, Tsubasa Kodaira, Atle Jensen, Lars Willas Dreyer, {\O}yvind Breivik, Gaute Hope, Malte M\"uller, Zhaohui Cheng, Lichuan Wu, Aleksey Marchenko, Petra Heil, Karsten Trulsen

Observations of high-frequency spectral peaks from in-situ waves in ice data: evidence for nonlinear waves in ice triad interactions?
The propagation of waves through the marginal ice zone (MIZ) and deeper into pack ice is a key phenomenon that influences the breakup and drift of sea ice. When waves in ice propagate through a solid, non-cracked, thick enough sea ice cover, significant flexural elastic effects can be present in the dispersion relation. This results in a dispersion relation that opens up for 3-wave interactions, also known as wave triads. Here, we report the observation of high-frequency spectral peaks in the…

On the fate of travelling waves at the boundary of quantum droplets
Angel Paredes, Jose Guerra-Carmenate, Humberto Michinel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21376 https://

On the fate of travelling waves at the boundary of quantum droplets
We analyze quantum droplets formed in a two-dimensional symmetric mixture of Bose-Einstein condensed atoms. For sufficiently large atom numbers, these droplets exhibit a flat-top density profile with sharp boundaries governed by surface tension. Within the bulk of the droplet, traveling matter waves - localized density dips - can propagate at constant velocity while maintaining their shape. Using numerical simulations and qualitative analysis, we investigate the rich phenomenology that arises w…

Nucleation and propagation of fracture in viscoelastic elastomers: A complete phase-field theory
Farhad Kamarei, Evan Breedlove, Oscar Lopez-Pamies
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16479

Nucleation and propagation of fracture in viscoelastic elastomers: A complete phase-field theory
This paper presents a macroscopic theory, alongside its numerical implementation, aimed at describing, explaining, and predicting the nucleation and propagation of fracture in viscoelastic materials subjected to quasistatic loading conditions. The focus is on polymers, in particular, on elastomers. To this end, the starting point of this work is devoted to summarizing the large body of experimental results on how elastomers deform, nucleate cracks, and propagate cracks when subjected to mechani…

Effects of turbulence spreading and symmetry breaking on edge shear flow during sawtooth cycles in J-TEXT tokamak
Xiaoguan Ding, Kaijun Zhao, Yaoyu Xie, Zhipeng Chen, Zhongyong Chen, Zhoujun Yang, Li Gao, Yonghua Ding, Siyu Wen, Yingxin Hu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15201

Effects of turbulence spreading and symmetry breaking on edge shear flow during sawtooth cycles in J-TEXT tokamak
Sawtooth oscillations can trigger off heat and turbulence pulses that propagate into the edge plasma, and thus enhancing the edge shear flow and inducing a transition from low confinement mode to high confinement mode. The influences of turbulence spreading and symmetry breaking on edge shear flow with sawtooth crashes are observed in the J-TEXT tokamak. The edge plasma turbulence and shear flow are measured using a fast reciprocating electrostatic probe array. After sawtooth crashes, the heat …

Gravitational Redshift for Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
Zsombor Jakab, Sharon Morsink
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02234 https://arxi…

Gravitational Redshift for Rapidly Rotating Neutron Stars
The Oblate Schwarzschild (OS) approximation is a method often used to compute the flux of X-rays emitted from a rapidly rotating neutron star. In this approximation, the oblate shape of the rotating star is embedded in the Schwarzschild metric, which is used to compute the redshift of photon energies as they propagate from the star to the telescope. In this paper, we demonstrate that there are small errors introduced by the standard treatment of photon redshift in the OS approximation and provi…

Beyond Reactive Safety: Risk-Aware LLM Alignment via Long-Horizon Simulation
Chenkai Sun, Denghui Zhang, ChengXiang Zhai, Heng Ji
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20949

Beyond Reactive Safety: Risk-Aware LLM Alignment via Long-Horizon Simulation
Given the growing influence of language model-based agents on high-stakes societal decisions, from public policy to healthcare, ensuring their beneficial impact requires understanding the far-reaching implications of their suggestions. We propose a proof-of-concept framework that projects how model-generated advice could propagate through societal systems on a macroscopic scale over time, enabling more robust alignment. To assess the long-term safety awareness of language models, we also introd…

Stable Synchronous Propagation in Feedforward Networks for Biped Locomotion
Ian Stewart, David Wood
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11780 https://

Stable Synchronous Propagation in Feedforward Networks for Biped Locomotion
Rhythmic gait patterns in animal locomotion are widely believed to be produced by a central pattern generator (CPG), a network of neurons that drives the muscle groups. In previous papers we have discussed how phase-synchronous signals can propagate along chains of neurons using a feedforward lift of the CPG, given sufficient conditions for stability to synchrony-breaking perturbations, and shown that stable signals are common for four standard neuron models. Here we apply these ideas to bipe…

Waves in ice
Luke G Bennetts
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18635 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.18635

Waves in ice
Ocean surface waves can propagate long distances through regions containing floating ice covers. The impacts ocean waves have on the ice covers are of interest in the climate change era, as the polar regions experience pressure from rising temperatures. This chapter provides a review of observations and theoretical models for ocean wave propagation through the marginal ice zone, landfast ice and ice shelves. It traces the historical evolution of the field, from seminal work in the 1970s-80s up …

Identifying multi-compartment Hodgkin-Huxley models with high-density extracellular voltage recordings
Ian Christopher Tanoh, Michael Deistler, Jakob H. Macke, Scott W. Linderman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20233

Identifying multi-compartment Hodgkin-Huxley models with high-density extracellular voltage recordings
Multi-compartment Hodgkin-Huxley models are biophysical models of how electrical signals propagate throughout a neuron, and they form the basis of our knowledge of neural computation at the cellular level. However, these models have many free parameters that must be estimated for each cell, and existing fitting methods rely on intracellular voltage measurements that are highly challenging to obtain in vivo. Recent advances in neural recording technology with high-density probes and arrays enabl…

Preconditioning of the interplanetary medium due to isolated ICMEs
Primo\v{z} Kajdi\v{c}, Manuela Temmer, Xochitl Blanco-Cano
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16543

Preconditioning of the interplanetary medium due to isolated ICMEs
We perform a systematic study of the preconditioning of the interplanetary (IP) medium due to isolated interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). Preconditioning is highly relevant when ICMEs, ejected in close succession and direction, modify the IP medium to allow subsequent ICMEs to propagate more freely, decelerate less, and retain higher kinetic energy at larger distances. We base our study on a sample of carefully selected events. The IP medium is analyzed during time intervals of 48 h…

Bridging the gap: consistent modeling of protoplanetary disk heating and gap formation by planet-induced spiral shocks
Satoshi Okuzumi, Takayuki Muto, Ryosuke T. Tominaga, Shizu Shimizu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18283

Bridging the gap: consistent modeling of protoplanetary disk heating and gap formation by planet-induced spiral shocks
A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk excites spiral density waves, which steepen into shocks as they propagate away from the planet. These shocks lead to secular disk heating and gap opening, both of which can have important implications for the evolution of solids near the planet. To date, these two effects have largely been modeled independently. In this study, we present a self-consistent model that unifies these processes by linking shock heating and angular momentum deposition …

Transverse Spin Supercurrent at p-wave magnetic Josephson Junctions
Morteza Salehi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11397 https://arxiv.org…

Transverse Spin Supercurrent at p-wave magnetic Josephson Junctions
We theoretically study a Josephson junction consisting of s-wave superconductors and a p-wave magnet. We find that in the presence of a strength vector of p-wave magnet, the electrons' and holes' dispersion relation shifts in the k-space. Additionally, we demonstrate that the perpendicular component of the strength vector converts Andreev bound states into Andreev modes that can propagate along the junction's interfaces. These modes create a transverse spin supercurrent while their transverse c…

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initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Neutrinos from explosive transients at the dawn of multi-messenger astronomy
With the advent of time-domain astronomy and the game-changing next generation of telescopes, we have unprecedented opportunities to explore the most energetic events in our Universe through electromagnetic radiation, gravitational waves, and neutrinos. These are elementary particles, which exist in three different flavors and change the latter as they propagate in the dense core of astrophysical sources as well as en route to Earth. To capitalize on existing and upcoming multi-messenger opport…

Cyclic Data Streaming on GPUs for Short Range Stencils Applied to Molecular Dynamics
Martin Rose, Simon Homes, Lukas Ramsperger, Jose Gracia, Christoph Niethammer, Jadran Vrabec
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11289

Cyclic Data Streaming on GPUs for Short Range Stencils Applied to Molecular Dynamics
In the quest for highest performance in scientific computing, we present a novel framework that relies on high-bandwidth communication between GPUs in a compute cluster. The framework offers linear scaling of performance for explicit algorithms that is only limited by the size of the dataset and the number of GPUs. Slices of the dataset propagate in a ring of processes (GPUs) from one GPU, where they are processed, to the next, which results in a parallel-in-time parallelization. The user of th…

Direct numerical simulations of inhalation in a 23-generation lung model
Marco Atzori, Emanuele Gallorini, Ciro Cottini, Andrea Benassi, Maurizio Quadrio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14729

Direct numerical simulations of inhalation in a 23-generation lung model
The air flows in the proximal and distal portions of the human lungs are interconnected: the lower Reynolds number in the deeper generations causes a progressive flow regularization, while mass conservation requires flow rate oscillations to propagate through the airway bifurcations. To explain how these two competing effects shape the flow state in the deeper generations, we have performed the first high-fidelity numerical simulations of the air flow in a lung model including 23 successive bif…

Space-time duality in polariton dynamics
Suheng Xu, Seunghwi Kim, Rocco A. Vitalone, Birui Yang, Josh Swann, Enrico M. Renzi, Yuchen Lin, Taketo Handa, X. -Y. Zhu, James Hone, Cory Dean, Andrea Cavalleri, M. M. Fogler, Andrew J. Millis, Andrea Alu, D. N. Basov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18224

Space-time duality in polariton dynamics
The spatial and temporal dynamics of wave propagation are intertwined. A common manifestation of this duality emerges in the spatial and temporal decay of waves as they propagate through a lossy medium. A complete description of the non-Hermitian wave dynamics in such a lossy system, capturing temporal and spatial decays, necessitates the use of complex-valued frequency and/or wavenumber Eigen-values. Here, we demonstrate that the propagation of polaritons - hybrid light-matter quasiparticles -…

Surface Induced Frustration of Inherent Dipolar Order in Nanoconfined Water
Sayantan Mondal, Saumyak Mukherjee, Biman Bagchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09809

Surface Induced Frustration of Inherent Dipolar Order in Nanoconfined Water
Surface effects could play a dominant role in modifying the natural liquid order. In some cases, the effects of the surface interactions can propagate inwards, and even can interfere with a similar propagation from opposite surfaces. This can be particularly evident in liquid water under nano-confinement. The large dipolar cross-correlations among distinct molecules that give rise to the unusually large dielectric constant of water (and in turn owe their origin to the extended hydrogen bond (HB…

On the Renormalization Group flow of distributions
Astrid Eichhorn, Aaron Held
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12548 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

On the Renormalization Group flow of distributions
Renormalization Group flows relate the values of couplings at different scales. Here, we go beyond the Renormalization Group flow of individual trajectories and derive an evolution equation for a distribution on the space of couplings. This shift in perspective can provide new insights, even in theories for which the Renormalization Group flow of individual couplings is well understood. As a first application, we propagate errors under the Renormalization Group flow. Characteristic properties o…

Controlled manipulation of solitons in a recirculating fiber loop using external potentials
Fran\c{c}ois Copie, Pierre Suret, St\'ephane Randoux
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13544

Controlled manipulation of solitons in a recirculating fiber loop using external potentials
Optical solitons are self-sustained wave packets that propagate without distortion due to a balance between dispersion and nonlinearity. Their unique stability underpins key photonic applications while also playing a central role in nonlinear wave physics. However, real-time control over soliton dynamics in non-dissipative systems remains a major challenge, limiting their practical applications in photonic systems. Here, we introduce a fiber-based platform for soliton manipulation, by creating …

A broadband platform to search for hidden photons
Daqing Liu, Bin Tang, Xingfang Jiang, Xianyun Liu, Ning Ma
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19449 https://

A broadband platform to search for hidden photons
The optical behavior of a structure consisting of graphene sheets embedded in media was studied, and the differences between the structure and ordinary birefringent crystal, double zero-reflectance point, were identified. We showed the changes in the optical behavior of the structure due to the existence of hidden photons. When a radiation illuminates the structure, only $ω^2/ω_p^2>1+\frac{m_X^2 c^4 χ^2}{ε_r\hbar^2ω_p^2}$ can propagate through the structure. This provides a broadband platf…

Understanding the complex morphology of a CME: multi-view analysis and numerical modeling
Cecilia Mac Cormack (Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), Abril Sahade (Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center), Angelos Vourlidas (The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory), Phillip Hess (U.S. Naval Research Laboratory), Robin Colaninno (U.S. Naval Research Labora…

Understanding the complex morphology of a CME: multi-view analysis and numerical modeling
Although all coronal mass ejections (CMEs) that propagate into the heliosphere should contain a magnetic flux rope (MFR) component, the majority do not exhibit the expected white-light MFR morphology of a leading edge plus cavity. This different appearance could be the result of distortion of the internal magnetic structure, merging with other structures, or simply projection effects. These factors complicate the interpretation of CMEs. This complexity is exemplified by a CME observed on 28 Mar…

Surrogate modeling for uncertainty quantification in nonlinear dynamics
S. Marelli, S. Sch\"ar, B. Sudret
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12358 https://arx…

Surrogate modeling for uncertainty quantification in nonlinear dynamics
Predicting the behavior of complex systems in engineering often involves significant uncertainty about operating conditions, such as external loads, environmental effects, and manufacturing variability. As a result, uncertainty quantification (UQ) has become a critical tool in modeling-based engineering, providing methods to identify, characterize, and propagate uncertainty through computational models. However, the stochastic nature of UQ typically requires numerous evaluations of these models…

Global Near-Inertial Wave Spectra Shaped by Mesoscale Eddies
Scott Conn, J\"orn Callies
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11651 https://

Global Near-Inertial Wave Spectra Shaped by Mesoscale Eddies
Wind-forced near-inertial waves (NIWs) propagate through a sea of mesoscale eddies, which can fundamentally alter their evolution. The nature of this NIW--mesoscale interaction depends on how dispersive the waves are. For weakly dispersive waves, ray tracing suggests that the NIW frequency should be shifted by $\frac{1}{2}ζ$, where $ζ$ is the mesoscale vorticity, and that the waves are refracted into anticyclones. Strongly dispersive waves, in contrast, retain the large-scale structure of the…

Cosmic Rays Masquerading as Cool Cores: An Inverse-Compton Origin for Cool Core Cluster Emission
Philip F. Hopkins, Eliot Quataert, Emily M. Silich, Jack Sayers, Sam B. Ponnada, Isabel S. Sands
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18712

Cosmic Rays Masquerading as Cool Cores: An Inverse-Compton Origin for Cool Core Cluster Emission
X-ray bright cool-core (CC) clusters contain luminous radio sources accelerating cosmic ray (CR) leptons at prodigious rates. Near the acceleration region, high-energy leptons produce synchrotron (mini)halos and sometimes observable gamma rays, but these leptons have short lifetimes and so cannot propagate far from sources without some rejuvenation. However, low-energy (~0.1-1 GeV) CRs should survive for >Gyr, potentially reaching ~100 kpc before losing energy via inverse-Compton (IC) scatterin…

FAST Pulsar Database: II. Scattering profiles of 122 Pulsars
W. C. Jing, J. L. Han, C. Wang, P. F. Wang, T. Wang, N. N. Cai, J. Xu, Z. L. Yang, D. J. Zhou, Yi Yan, W. Q. Su, X. Y. Gao, L. Xie
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14519

FAST Pulsar Database: II. Scattering profiles of 122 Pulsars
The turbulent ionized interstellar medium diffracts radio waves and makes them propagate in multiple paths. The pulse-broadening observed at low frequencies results from the scattering effect of interstellar clouds of ionized gas. During the Galactic Plane Pulsar Snapshot (GPPS) survey and other projects by using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST), we detect the pulse-broadening for 122 pulsars in the radio frequency band between 1.0 and 1.5 GHz, including 60 newly…

Magnetosonic Waves as a Driver of Observed Temperature Fluctuation Patterns in AGN Accretion Disks
Ish Kaul, Omer Blaes, Yan-Fei Jiang, Lizhong Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11189

Magnetosonic Waves as a Driver of Observed Temperature Fluctuation Patterns in AGN Accretion Disks
Recent observations have revealed slow, coherent temperature fluctuations in AGN disks that propagate both inward and outward at velocities of $\sim 0.01 - 0.1c$, a kind of variability that is distinct from reverberation (mediated by the reprocessing of light) between different regions of the disk. We investigate the origin and nature of these fluctuations using global 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of radiation and magnetic pressure-dominated AGN accretion disks. Disks with a sig…

Quasi-Periodic Oscillations due to radiative feedback mechanism between the disc and corona
Akash Garg, Ranjeev Misra, Somasri Sen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12111

Quasi-Periodic Oscillations due to radiative feedback mechanism between the disc and corona
Compact object systems exhibit Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (QPOs) as revealed by peaked features in their power density spectra. It has been known that stochastic variations in the accretion disc will propagate to the corona after a time delay and that the hard X-rays from the corona impinge back on the disc, giving reflection spectral features. Here, we show that the combination of these two effects makes a simple radiative feedback system between the corona and the disc, which naturally produ…

Gravitational lensing rarely produces high-mass outliers to the compact binary population
Amanda Farah, Jose Mar\'ia Ezquiaga, Maya Fishbach, Daniel Holz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07964

Gravitational lensing rarely produces high-mass outliers to the compact binary population
All gravitational-wave signals are inevitably gravitationally lensed by intervening matter as they propagate through the Universe. When a gravitational-wave signal is magnified, it appears to have originated from a closer, more massive system. Thus, high-mass outliers to the gravitational-wave source population are often proposed as natural candidates for strongly lensed events. However, when using a data-driven method for identifying population outliers, we find that high-mass outliers are not…