Tootfinder

Monthly mean carbon dioxide as measured at Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii.
July 2025:    
427.87. ppm
July 2024:    
425.55 ppm
The carbon dioxide data on Mauna Loa constitute the longest record of direct measurements of CO2 in the atmosphere.
https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/

Trends in CO2 - NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
GML conducts research on greenhouse gas and carbon cycle feedbacks, changes in aerosols, and surface radiation, and recovery of stratospheric ozone.

Laboratory Modeling of Supernova Remnants Collisions: Implications for Triggered Star Formation
Marin Fontaine, Clotilde Busschaert, \'Emeric Falize
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05151

Laboratory Modeling of Supernova Remnants Collisions: Implications for Triggered Star Formation
Theoretical models of star formation consistently underestimate the rates observed in astronomical surveys. Stars form within giant molecular clouds, which fragment into dense clumps under the combined influences of turbulence, magnetic fields, radiation and gravity. While some of these clumps collapse spontaneously, others require an external trigger, a mechanism estimated to account for 14-25% of star formation in regions such as the Elephant Trunk Nebula. Laboratory astrophysics has emerged …

The July average of atmospheric CO₂ at Mauna Loa was ~2.3-2.4 ppm higher than last year: based on daily values, it was around 427.9 ppm.
#co2

Trends in CO2 - NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory
GML conducts research on greenhouse gas and carbon cycle feedbacks, changes in aerosols, and surface radiation, and recovery of stratospheric ozone.

Doppler shifted Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Sanatan Digal, Ajit M. Srivastava
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02079 https:/…

Doppler shifted Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions
In a hydrodynamic flow, with flow becoming supersonic at some point, the subsonic-supersonic boundary behaves as the horizon of a black hole. Possibility of detecting Hawking radiation from such acoustic black holes has been investigated in a variety of laboratory systems, ranging from cold atom systems, to condensed matter systems with hydrodynamic flow of electrons, to relativistic heavy-ion collisions (at relatively lower collision energies). Ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, with boo…

AI-driven neutrino diagnostics and radiation-hard beam instrumentation for next-generation neutrino experiments
S. Ganguly (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06645

AI-driven neutrino diagnostics and radiation-hard beam instrumentation for next-generation neutrino experiments
The Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) at Fermilab will deliver a high-intensity, multi-megawatt neutrino beam to the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), enabling precision tests of the three-neutrino paradigm, CP violation searches, neutrino mass ordering determination, and supernova neutrino studies. In order to accelerate DUNE's physics reach and ensure robust beam operations, we propose an integrated AI-driven framework with real-time diagnostics and radiation-hardened instrume…

Novel Limits on Dark Photon Mixing from Radiation Safety
Wen Yin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14885 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.14885

Novel Limits on Dark Photon Mixing from Radiation Safety
I propose a novel laboratory search for dark photons based on radiation-safety monitoring at synchrotron radiation facilities, including NanoTerasu, SPring-8, KEK-PF, and ESRF. Dark photons can be produced parasitically in undulators or via photon-mirror interactions, and subsequently traverse optical systems and shielding. Taking into account quantum effects and the internal structure of undulators, mirrors, and detectors, I show that even a simple Geiger-Müller counter, routinely used for ra…

Updated constraints on modified gravity from binary pulsars
S. Bussieres, M. Caldarola, S. Nesseris
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18188 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Updated constraints on modified gravity from binary pulsars
Binary pulsars offer a unique natural laboratory to test General Relativity (GR) and probe for deviations from its paradigm, as predicted by alternative theories of gravity. In this paper, we study two such possible deviations: a time variation of Newton's constant $G$ and the emission of dipolar gravitational radiation. We use updated data for some well-known pulsars, namely PSR J1738+0333, PSR J1012+5307, and PSR J1713+0747, to extract the Keplerian and post-Keplerian parameters that characte…

Modelling Tritium Production and Release at High-Energy Proton Accelerators
Dali Georgobiani (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), Thomas Ginter (Michigan State University), Alajos Makovec (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), Igor Rakhno (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), Matthew Strait (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory), Igor Tropin (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory)

Modelling Tritium Production and Release at High-Energy Proton Accelerators
Tritium is a well-known byproduct of particle accelerator operations. To keep levels of tritium below regulatory limits, tritium production is actively monitored and managed at Fermilab. We plan to study tritium production in the targets, beamline components, and shielding elements of the Fermilab facilities such as NuMI, BNB, and MI-65. To facilitate the analysis, we construct a simple model and use three Monte Carlo radiation codes, FLUKA, MARS, and PHITS, to estimate the amount of tritium pr…