Tootfinder

Infrared fine-structure lines at high redshift
Roberto Decarli, Tanio Diaz-Santos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19444 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.19444

Infrared fine-structure lines at high redshift
Infrared (IR) fine-structure line (FSL) emission arises from the radiative de-excitation of collisionally-excited electrons in atoms and ions. Thanks to their high luminosities and relatively simple physics, IR FSLs have quickly become the workhorse for studying the formation and evolution of galaxies in the nearby and distant Universe. In this review, we introduce the physics of FSL emission and the diagnostics of the ISM that we can derive from them via first principle arguments. We summarize…

Where did heavy binaries go? Gravitational-wave populations using Delaunay triangulation with optimized complexity
Rodrigo Tenorio, Alexandre Toubiana, Tristan Bruel, Davide Gerosa, Jonathan R. Gair
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19466

Where did heavy binaries go? Gravitational-wave populations using Delaunay triangulation with optimized complexity
We investigate the joint mass-redshift evolution of the binary black hole merger rate in the latest gravitational-wave detection catalog, GWTC-4.0. We present and apply a novel non-parametric framework for modeling multi-dimensional, correlated distributions based on Delaunay triangulation. Crucially, the complexity of the model -- namely, the number, positions, and weights of triangulation nodes -- is inferred directly from the data, resulting in a highly efficient approach that requires about…

Testing the Constancy of Type Ia Supernova Luminosities with Gaussian Process
Akshay Rana
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19494 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.19494…

Testing the Constancy of Type Ia Supernova Luminosities with Gaussian Process
Type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) are central to studies of cosmic expansion, under the assumption that their absolute magnitude $M_B$ does not evolve with redshift. Even small drifts in brightness can bias cosmological parameters such as $H_0$ and $w$. Here we test this assumption using a non-parametric Gaussian Process (GP) reconstruction of the expansion history from cosmic chronometer $H(z)$ data, which provides a model-independent baseline distance modulus, $μ_{\rm GP}(z)$. To propagate uncerta…

The Cosmic Rush Hour: Rapid Formation of Bright, Massive, Disky, Star-Forming Galaxies as Signatures of Early-Universe Physics
Xuejian Shen, Oliver Zier, Mark Vogelsberger, Michael Boylan-Kolchin, Lars Hernquist, Sandro Tacchella, Rohan P. Naidu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19427

The Cosmic Rush Hour: Rapid Formation of Bright, Massive, Disky, Star-Forming Galaxies as Signatures of Early-Universe Physics
Early JWST observations have revealed a high-redshift universe more vibrant than predicted by canonical galaxy-formation models within $Λ$CDM, showing an excess of ultraviolet(UV)-bright, massive, and morphologically mature galaxies. Departures from $Λ$CDM prior to recombination can imprint signatures on non-linear structure formation at high redshift. In this paper, we investigate one such scenario - Early Dark Energy, originally proposed to resolve the Hubble tension - and its implications …

Photometric Redshift Estimation for Rubin Observatory Data Preview 1 with Redshift Assessment Infrastructure Layers (RAIL)
T. Zhang, E. Charles, J. F. Crenshaw, S. J. Schmidt, P. Adari, J. Gschwend, S. Mau, B. Andrews, E. Aubourg, Y. Bains, K. Bechtol, A. Boucaud, D. Boutigny, P. Burchat, J. Chevalier, J. Chiang, H. -F. Chiang, D. Clowe, J. Cohen-Tanugi, C. Combet, A. Connolly, S. Dagoret-Campagne, P. N. Daly, F. Daruich, G. Daubard, J. De Vicente, H. Drass, K. Fanning, E. Gawiser, M. …

Photometric Redshift Estimation for Rubin Observatory Data Preview 1 with Redshift Assessment Infrastructure Layers (RAIL)
We present the first systematic analysis of photometric redshifts (photo-z) estimated from the Rubin Observatory Data Preview 1 (DP1) data taken with the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Commissioning Camera. Employing the Redshift Assessment Infrastructure Layers (RAIL) framework, we apply eight photo-z algorithms to the DP1 photometry, using deep ugrizy coverage in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDFS) field and griz data in the Rubin_SV_38_7 field. In the ECDFS field, we constr…

Geometric Interpretation of the Redshift Evolution of H_0(z)
Seokcheon Lee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.07454 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.07454 https://arxiv.org/html/2511.07454
arXiv:2511.07454v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Recent analyses of the Master Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) sample have revealed a mild redshift dependence in the inferred local Hubble parameter, often expressed as tilde{H}_0(z) = H_0 (1 z)^{-\alpha}, where \alpha quantifies possible departures from the standard cosmological time dilation relation. In this work, we show that such an empirical scaling can be interpreted as a purely geometric effect arising from a small, gauge-dependent normalization of cosmic time within the Robertson-Walker metric. This interpretation naturally unifies the observed redshift evolution of tilde{H}_0(z) and the corresponding deviation in SN Ia light-curve durations under a single geometric time-normalization framework. We demonstrate that this mapping leaves all background distances--linked to the Hubble radius in the general-relativistic frame--unchanged, while the apparent evolution in SN Ia luminosity distances arises from the redshift dependence of the Chandrasekhar mass. The result provides a unified and observationally consistent explanation of the mild Hubble-tension trend as a manifestation of the geometric structure of cosmic time rather than a modification of the expansion dynamics.
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Floquet resonances and redshift-enhanced acceleration radiation from vibrating atoms in Schwarzschild spacetime
Reggie C. Pantig, Ali \"Ovg\"un, Syed Masood, Li-Gang Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11761

Floquet resonances and redshift-enhanced acceleration radiation from vibrating atoms in Schwarzschild spacetime
We study acceleration radiation from a two-level Unruh-DeWitt detector that undergoes small-amplitude radial oscillations at fixed mean radius $R_0$ outside a Schwarzschild black hole. The massless scalar field is quantized in the Boulware vacuum to isolate curvature-modulated acceleration effects without a thermal Hawking background. Working in a (1+1) radial reduction and using first-order time-dependent perturbation, we evaluate the period-averaged transition rate (or the "Floquet" transitio…

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on BBCRadio3's #NightTracks
Kit Downes:
🎵 Redshift
#KitDownes

A million-solar-mass object detected at a cosmological distance using #GravitationalImaging / An extended and extremely thin gravitational arc from a lensed compact symmetric object at redshift of 2.059: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-025-02651-2 / https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl/article/544/1/L24/8262431?login=false -> Astronomers ‘image’ a mysterious dark object in the distant Universe: https://jive.eu/news/new-nature-astronomy-and-mnras-letters-astronomers-image-mysterious-dark-object-distant

4MOST Cosmology Redshift Survey (CRS): Clustering properties of CRS BG and LRG target catalogues
Behnoo Bandi, Antoine Rocher, Aur\'elien Verdier, Jon Loveday, Zhuo Chen, Johan Richard, Jean-Paul Kneib, Tom Shanks, Michael J. I. Brown
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02449

4MOST Cosmology Redshift Survey (CRS): Clustering properties of CRS BG and LRG target catalogues
The 4MOST Cosmology Redshift Survey (CRS) will obtain nearly 5.4 million spectroscopic redshifts over $\sim5700$\,deg$^2$ to map large-scale structure and enable measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs), growth rates via redshift-space distortions, and cross-correlations with weak-lensing surveys. We validate the target selections, photometry, masking, systematics and redshift distributions of the CRS Bright Galaxy (BG) and Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) target catalogues selected from DE…

Safely simplifying redshift drift computations in inhomogeneous cosmologies: Insights from LTB Swiss-cheese models
David R{\o}nne Sallingboe, Sofie Marie Koksbang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09377

Safely simplifying redshift drift computations in inhomogeneous cosmologies: Insights from LTB Swiss-cheese models
One of the most important discoveries in cosmology is the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Yet, the accelerated expansion has only ever been measured {\em in}directly. Redshift drift offers a direct observational probe of the Universe's expansion history, with its sign revealing whether there has been acceleration or deceleration between source and observer. Its detection will mark a major milestone in cosmology, offering the first direct measurement of an evolving expansion rate. Given i…

An extended and extremely thin gravitational arc from a lensed compact symmetric object at redshift 2.059
J. P. McKean, C. Spingola, D. M. Powell, S. Vegetti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07386

An extended and extremely thin gravitational arc from a lensed compact symmetric object at redshift 2.059
Compact symmetric objects (CSOs) are thought to be short-lived radio sources with two lobes of emission that are separated by less than a kpc in projection. However, studies of such systems at high redshift is challenging due to the limited resolution of present-day telescopes, and can be biased to the most luminous objects. Here we report imaging of a gravitationally lensed CSO at a redshift of 2.059 using very long baseline interferometry at 1.7 GHz. The data are imaged using Bayesian forward…

Prospect on constraining string-theory-inspired model from gravitational redshift measurements
Li Hu, Rong-Gen Cai, Song He, Li-Fang Li, Tong Liu, Peng Xu, Shao-Jiang Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24622

Prospect on constraining string-theory-inspired model from gravitational redshift measurements
Scalar-tensor gravity represents a natural extension of general relativity. Testing such models experimentally provides a crucial pathway to probing physics at high-energy scales, particularly in the context of string theory. This paper investigates a string-theory-inspired scalar-tensor gravity -- the dilaton model -- and identifies regions of its parameter space potentially constrained by gravitational redshift experiments in future. By further modeling the mass distribution in low-density en…

A 15 Mpc rotating #galaxy filament at redshift z = 0.032: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/544/4/4306/8363602?login=false -> 'Teacup-like' spinning structure one of largest ever seen in universe: https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/research-highlights/teacup-spinning-structure-one-largest-ever-seen-universe

Eruptive mass loss less than a year before the explosion of superluminous supernovae. II. A systematic search for pre-explosion eruptions with VLT/X-shooter
A. Gkini, C. Fransson, R. Lunnan, S. Schulze, J. Sollerman K. Tsalapatas, N. Sarin, M. Nicholl, C. Angus, U. Burgaz, S. J. Brennan, T. -W. Chen, A. Gal-Yam, A. Gangopadhyay, Y. Hu, M. M. Kasliwal, R. R. Laher, P. J. Pessi, B. Rusholme, E. Russeil, A. Singh, C. Skoglund, R. Smith, B. van Baal, S. L. West, L. Yan

Eruptive mass loss less than a year before the explosion of superluminous supernovae. II. A systematic search for pre-explosion eruptions with VLT/X-shooter
We present X-shooter observations of a sample of 21 hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe-I), spanning a redshift range of z=0.13-0.95, aimed at searching for shells of circumstellar material (CSM). Specifically, we focus on identifying broad Mg II absorption features that are blueshifted by several thousand kilometers per second and have previously been interpreted as arising from resonance line scattering of the SLSN continuum by rapidly expanding CSM ejected shortly before explosion.…

Low-redshift constraints on structure growth from CMB lensing tomography
Andrea Rubiola, Matteo Zennaro, Carlos Garc\'ia-Garc\'ia, David Alonso
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09563

Low-redshift constraints on structure growth from CMB lensing tomography
We present constraints on the amplitude of matter fluctuations from the clustering of galaxies and their cross-correlation with the gravitational lensing convergence of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), focusing on low redshifts ($z\lesssim0.3$), where potential deviations from a perfect cosmological constant dominating the growth of structure could be more prominent. Specifically, we make use of data from the 2MASS photometric survey (\tmpz) and the \wisc galaxy survey, in combination wit…

Photo-$z$ Estimation with Normalizing Flow
Yiming Ren, Kwan Chuen Chan, Le Zhang, Yin Li, Haolin Zhang, Ruiyu Song, Yan Gong, Xian-Min Meng, Xingchen Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10032

Photo-$z$ Estimation with Normalizing Flow
Accurate photometric redshift (photo-$z$) estimation is a key challenge in cosmology, as uncertainties in photo-$z$ directly limit the scientific return of large-scale structure and weak lensing studies, especially in upcoming Stage IV surveys. The problem is particularly severe for faint galaxies with sparse spectroscopic training data. In this work, we introduce nflow-$z$, a novel photo-$z$ estimation method using the powerful machine learning technique of normalizing flow (NF). nflow-$z$ exp…

Direct Collapse Black Hole Candidates from Decaying Dark Matter
Yash Aggarwal, James B. Dent, Philip Tanedo, Tao Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25325 https://

Direct Collapse Black Hole Candidates from Decaying Dark Matter
Injecting 1-13.6 eV photons into the early universe can suppress the molecular hydrogen abundance and alter the star formation history dramatically enough to produce direct collapse black holes. These, in turn, could explain the recently observed population of puzzling high-redshift supermassive black holes that appear to require super-Eddington accretion. We show that axion dark matter decay in the intergalactic medium can account for this energy injection. We use a single zone model of the ga…

Strong progenitor age bias in supernova #cosmology – I. Robust and ubiquitous evidence from a larger sample of host galaxies in a broader redshift range / II. Alignment with DESI BAO and signs of a non-accelerating universe: https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/538/4/3340/8098234 / https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/544/1/975/8281988 -> Universe's expansion 'is now slowing, not speeding up': https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/research-highlights/universes-expansion-now-slowing-not-speeding (this has been claimed by the group since at least 2023 - http://vietnam.in2p3.fr/2023/windows/transparencies/02_tuesday/Astro_5/01_Son.pdf - and is rejected by the SN cosmology community as https://bsky.app/profile/astromarc.bsky.social/post/3m4xmikwfds26 explains).

Galaxy Metallicity Gradients in the Reionization Epoch from the FIRE-2 Simulations
Xunda Sun, Xin Wang, Fangzhou Jiang, Houjun Mo, Luis C. Ho, Qianqiao Zhou, Xiangcheng Ma, Hu Zhan, Andrew Wetzel, Russell L. Graf, Philip F. Hopkins, Dusan Keres, Jonathan Stern
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08997

Galaxy Metallicity Gradients in the Reionization Epoch from the FIRE-2 Simulations
We employ the high-redshift suite of FIRE-2 cosmological hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations to investigate the evolution of gas-phase metallicity radial gradients in galaxies in the epoch of reionization (EoR). Our sample consists of 22 galaxies spanning the redshift range $z \sim 10-5$. We find that galaxies at $z\sim10$ exhibit a median metallicity gradient of $-0.15\,\mathrm{dex\cdot kpc^{-1}}$ with substantial scatter, which gradually flatten to $-0.1\,\mathrm{dex\cdot kpc^{-1}}$ at $z\sim6$,…

Replaced article(s) found for physics.hist-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.hist-ph/new
[1/1]:
- Gravitational redshift revisited: inertia, geometry, and charge
Johannes Fankhauser, James Read

Clustering analysis of medium-band selected high-redshift galaxies
H. Ebina, M. White, A. Raichoor, Arjun Dey, D. Schlegel, D. Lang, Y. Luo, J. Aguilar, S. Ahlen, A. Anand, D. Bianchi, D. Brooks, F. J. Castander, T. Claybaugh, A. Cuceu, K. S. Dawson, A. de la Macorra, Biprateep Dey, P. Doel, S. Ferraro, A. Font-Ribera, J. E. Forero-Romero, E. Gazta\~naga, S. Gontcho A Gontcho, G. Gutierrez, H. K. Herrera-Alcantar, C. Howlett, M. Ishak, R. Joyce, R. Kehoe, D. Kirkby, T. Kisner, A. Kremi…

Clustering analysis of medium-band selected high-redshift galaxies
Next-generation large-scale structure spectroscopic surveys will probe cosmology at high redshifts $(2.3 < z < 3.5)$, relying on abundant galaxy tracers such as Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs) and Lyman break galaxies (LBGs). Medium-band photometry has emerged as a potential technique for efficiently selecting these high-redshift galaxies. In this work, we present clustering analysis of medium-band selected galaxies at high redshift, utilizing photometric data from the Intermediate Band Imaging Survey (…

OCTOPUS: A Versatile, User-Friendly, and Extensible Public Code for General-Relativistic Ray-Tracing in Spherically Symmetric and Static Spacetimes
Shiyang Hu, Shijie Tan, Dan Li, Lina Zhang, Chen Deng, Wenfu Cao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12585

OCTOPUS: A Versatile, User-Friendly, and Extensible Public Code for General-Relativistic Ray-Tracing in Spherically Symmetric and Static Spacetimes
This paper presents OCTOPUS, a relativistic ray-tracing algorithm developed within a Fortran-based, OpenMP-accelerated framework, designed for asymptotically flat, spherically symmetric curved spacetimes. The code efficiently and accurately computes key relativistic features -- including the black hole event horizon, photon rings, critical curves, and innermost stable circular orbits -- and simulates black hole shadows, redshift factor distributions, accretion disk images, toroidal images, as w…

High-redshift Merger-induced Bar-like Galaxies in IllustrisTNG
Ewa L. Lokas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22083 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.22083

High-redshift Merger-induced Bar-like Galaxies in IllustrisTNG
Recent discoveries made with JWST observations include a significant number of barred galaxies at high redshift. Their origin remains unclear and their presence seems difficult to reproduce in cosmological simulations of galaxy formation and evolution. In this Letter I present four examples of high-redshift bars selected from a sample of bar-like galaxies studied previously using IllustrisTNG simulations. All the galaxies formed their bars at redshifts z > 3 via mergers with smaller satellites,…

Co-SOM: Co-training for photometric redshift estimation using Self-Organizing Maps
Alvaro Callejas-Tavera, Erik Molino-Minero-Re, Octavio Valenzuela
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25366

Co-SOM: Co-training for photometric redshift estimation using Self-Organizing Maps
The upcoming galaxy large-scale surveys, such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), will generate photometry for billions of galaxies. The interpretation of large-scale weak lensing maps, as well as the estimation of galaxy clustering, requires reliable redshifts with high precision for multi-band photometry. However, obtaining spectroscopy for billions of galaxies is impractical and complex; therefore, having a sufficiently large number of galaxies with spe…

SN 2021lwz: Another Exotic Luminous and Fast Evolving Optical Type Ic Broad-Lined Supernova ?
F. Poidevin, S. L. West, C. M. B. Omand, R. K\"onyves-T\'oth, S. Schulze, L. Yan, T. Kangas, I. P\'erez-Fournon, S. Geier, J. Sollerman, P. J. Pessi, C. M. Guti\'errez, T. -W. Chen, K-Ryan Hinds, R. Marques-Chaves, R. Shirley, C. Jimenez Angel, R. Lunnan, D. A. Perley, N. Sarin, Y. Yao, R. Dekany, J. Purdum, A. Wold, R. R. Laher, M. J. Graham, M. M. Kasliwal, T. Jegou Du Laz

SN 2021lwz: Another Exotic Luminous and Fast Evolving Optical Type Ic Broad-Lined Supernova ?
Context. Current large-scale, high-cadence surveys, such as the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), provide detections of new and rare types of transients and supernovae whose physical origins are not well understood. Aims. We investigate the nature of SN 2021lwz at a redshift z=0.065, an overluminous supernova (SN) of absolute magnitude, $M_{g} \sim -20.1$ AB, falling in the lower range of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) luminosities, and discovered in a faint dwarf galaxy with an absolute magni…

Unveiling the evolution of the CO excitation ladder through cross-correlation of CONCERTO-like experiments and galaxy redshift surveys
Mathilde Van Cuyck, Matthieu Bethermin, Guilaine Lagache, Alexandre Beelen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07596

Unveiling the evolution of the CO excitation ladder through cross-correlation of CONCERTO-like experiments and galaxy redshift surveys
Context: Rotational CO transitions, while acting as a foreground for [C II] line-intensity mapping (LIM) experiments, trace the physical conditions of cold gas in galaxies at lower redshifts. Studying these transitions is also crucial for improving component-separation methods as LIM sensitivity increases. Aims: Galaxy-evolution models have so far predicted only the total CO LIM signal. We explore the potential of cross-correlating millimeter-wave LIM data with spectroscopic galaxy surveys to c…

CHILES X: Molecular and atomic gas at intermediate redshift
Kelley M. Hess, John Hibbard, Jennifer Donovan Meyer, Hansung B. Gim, Nicholas M. Luber, Min S. Yun, Julia Blue Bird, Richard Dodson, Aeree Chung, Danielle Lucero, Emmanuel Momijian, D. J. Pisano, J. H. van Gorkom
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07966

CHILES X: Molecular and atomic gas at intermediate redshift
We present ALMA CO observations of 14 HI-detected galaxies from the CHILES survey found in a cosmic over-density at z~0.12. This is the largest collection of spatially resolved CO + HI observations beyond the local Universe (z>0.05) to date. While the HI-detected parent sample spans a range of stellar masses, star formation rates (SFR), and environments, we only directly detect CO in the highest stellar mass galaxies, log(M_*/M_Sun)>10.0, with SFRs greater than ~2 M_Sun/yr. The detected CO has …

The Non Parametric Reconstruction of Binary Black Hole Mass Evolution from GWTC-4.0 Gravitational Wave Catalog
Samsuzzaman Afroz, Suvodip Mukherjee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25356

The Non Parametric Reconstruction of Binary Black Hole Mass Evolution from GWTC-4.0 Gravitational Wave Catalog
The distribution of binary black hole (BBH) masses and its evolution with redshift provide key insights into the different formation channels of the compact objects and their evolution with cosmic time and stellar properties such stellar metallicity and star formation rate history. We present a non parametric, model-independent joint reconstruction of the redshift evolution of BBH mass distribution from gravitational wave (GW) catalog GWTC-4.0 from the fourth observation of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LV…

MEGATRON: Disentangling Physical Processes and Observational Bias in the Multi-Phase ISM of High-Redshift Galaxies
Nicholas Choustikov, Harley Katz, Alex J. Cameron, Aayush Saxena, Julien Devriendt, Adrianne Slyz, Martin P. Rey, Corentin Cadiou, Jeremy Blaizot, Taysun Kimm, Isaac Laseter, Kosei Matsumoto, Joki Rosdahl
https://arxiv.org/abs…

MEGATRON: Disentangling Physical Processes and Observational Bias in the Multi-Phase ISM of High-Redshift Galaxies
Now detected out to redshifts of $z\sim 14.5$, the rest-frame ultraviolet and optical spectra of galaxies encode numerous physical properties of the interstellar medium (ISM). Accurately extracting these properties from spectra remains a key challenge that numerical simulations are uniquely suited to address. We present a study of the observed ISM of galaxies in MEGATRON: a suite of cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations coupled to on-the-fly non-equilibrium thermochemistry, with mult…

Optical signatures of wormholes immersed in realistic dark matter halos
Abdullah Guvendi, Omar Mustafa, Semra Gurtas Dogan, Abdelghani Errehymy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20425 …

Optical signatures of wormholes immersed in realistic dark matter halos
We develop an exact analytic framework for massless scalar-wave propagation in static, spherically symmetric wormholes embedded in realistic dark matter halos. Starting from a general line element with arbitrary redshift and shape functions, we derive the radial Klein-Gordon equation in Schrödinger form, disentangling the effects of gravitational redshift, spatial curvature, and angular momentum. The dynamics reduce to a generalized Helmholtz equation with a space- and frequency-dependent effe…

QML-FAST - A Fast Code for low-$\ell$ Tomographic Maximum Likelihood Power Spectrum Estimation
Yurii Kvasiuk, Anderson Lai, Moritz M\"unchmeyer, Kendrick M. Smith
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05215 …

QML-FAST - A Fast Code for low-$\ell$ Tomographic Maximum Likelihood Power Spectrum Estimation
We present a novel implementation for the quadratic maximum likelihood (QML) power spectrum estimator for multiple correlated scalar fields on the sphere. Our estimator supports arbitrary binning in redshift and multipoles $\ell$ and includes cross-correlations of redshift bins. It implements a fully optimal analysis with a pixel-wise covariance model. We implement a number of optimizations which make the estimator and associated covariance matrix computationally tractable for a low-$\ell$ anal…

MEGATRON: Reproducing the Diversity of High-Redshift Galaxy Spectra with Cosmological Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations
Harley Katz, Martin P. Rey, Corentin Cadiou, Oscar Agertz, Jeremy Blaizot, Alex J. Cameron, Nicholas Choustikov, Julien Devriendt, Uliana Hauk, Gareth C. Jones, Taysun Kimm, Isaac Laseter, Sergio Martin-Alvarez, Kosei Matsumoto, Autumn Pearce, Francisco Rodr\'iguez Montero, Joki Rosdahl, Mahsa Sanati, Aayush Saxena, Adrianne Slyz, Richard Stiskalek, Anatole Stor…

MEGATRON: Reproducing the Diversity of High-Redshift Galaxy Spectra with Cosmological Radiation Hydrodynamics Simulations
We present the MEGATRON suite of cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulations following the formation of Milky Way-mass galaxies from the earliest cosmic epochs when Population III stars form to Cosmic Noon. The suite represents the first set of cosmological simulations that couples a vast non-equilibrium thermochemistry network of primordial species, metals, and molecules to multifrequency, on-the-fly radiation transport, allowing us to directly predict the spectral properties of early gal…

Emergent Denoising of SDSS Galaxy Spectra Through Unsupervised Deep Learning
Oliver Camilleri, Zahra Sharbaf, Ignacio Ferreras
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08411 https://

Emergent Denoising of SDSS Galaxy Spectra Through Unsupervised Deep Learning
Spectroscopy represents the ideal observational method to maximally extract information from galaxies regarding their star formation and chemical enrichment histories. However, absorption spectra of galaxies prove rather challenging at high redshift or in low mass galaxies, due to the need to spread the photons into a relatively large set of spectral bins. For this reason, the data from many state-of-the-art spectroscopic surveys suffer from low signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios, and prevent accurat…

Hierarchical summaries for primordial non-Gaussianities
M. S. Cagliari, A. Bairagi, B. Wandelt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12715 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.…

Hierarchical summaries for primordial non-Gaussianities
The advent of Stage IV galaxy redshift surveys such as DESI and Euclid marks the beginning of an era of precision cosmology, with one key objective being the detection of primordial non-Gaussianities (PNG), potential signatures of inflationary physics. In particular, constraining the amplitude of local-type PNG, parameterised by $f_{\rm NL}$, with $σ_{f_{\rm NL}} \sim 1$, would provide a critical test of single versus multi-field inflation scenarios. While current large-scale structure and cos…

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.GA. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.GA/new
[1/1]:
- Photometric Redshift Estimation for Rubin Observatory Data Preview 1 with Redshift Assessment Inf...
T. Zhang, et al.

Singularities as Solitons? Quantum Vacuum Architecture of Black Holes
Eren Erberk Erkul
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06428 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.06428…

Singularities as Solitons? Quantum Vacuum Architecture of Black Holes
We propose that black holes are \emph{soliton-esque} objects, where gravitational collapse is balanced by quantum vacuum dispersion, modeled via \(R+αR^{2}\) gravity. Classical singularities are replaced by oscillating, finite-radius cores, thereby evading static no-go theorems. The event horizon is replaced by the \textit{Lamarina}, a surface of maximum redshift whose surface geometry yields Hawking-like radiation with corrections. The Raychaudhuri equations impose a Dyson-type ceiling on the…

Recent observations of PKS 2155-304 with MAGIC and LST-1 in a multi-wavelength context
Lisa Nikoli\'c, Gaia Verna, Marina Manganaro, Giacomo Bonnoli, Ivan Agudo, Giuseppe Silvestri, Davide Cerasole, Francesco Schiavone, Franjo Podobnik, Jorge Otero-Santos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04803

Recent observations of PKS 2155-304 with MAGIC and LST-1 in a multi-wavelength context
PKS 2155-304 is a well-known high-frequency peaked BL Lac (HBL) at redshift z=0.116, which has been extensively studied across the electromagnetic spectrum due to its rapid and large-amplitude variability. Several violent outbursts in X-rays and $γ$-rays have been observed in the past, with intra-night variability in very-high-energy $γ$-rays (VHE; E > 100 GeV) detected down to the minute timescale. The alternation of quiescent and enhanced states, observed with a tentative quasi-periodicity …

Photometric Redshift Forecast for 7-Dimensional Sky Survey
Eunhee Ko, Myungshin Im
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22165 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.22165…

Photometric Redshift Forecast for 7-Dimensional Sky Survey
We investigate the expected accuracy of redshifts that can be obtained using low-resolution spectroscopic (medium-band) data from the 7-Dimensional Sky Survey (7DS). By leveraging 40 densely sampled filters with widths of full width at half maximum (FWHM) = 25 nm, we create 7DS mock catalogs and estimate the redshift accuracy for three 7DS main surveys: Wide-field Time-Domain Survey (WTS), Intensive Monitoring Survey (IMS), and Reference Image Survey (RIS). Using photometric redshifts calculate…

Enhanced Localization of Dark Lensed Gravitational Wave Events Enables Host Galaxy Identification and Precise Cosmological Inference
Zhiwei Chen, Qingjuan Yu, Youjun Lu, Xiao Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12470

Enhanced Localization of Dark Lensed Gravitational Wave Events Enables Host Galaxy Identification and Precise Cosmological Inference
Lensed gravitational wave (GW) events are expected to be powerful new probes of cosmology, contingent on redshift measurement by electromagnetic observations. Host galaxy identification is thus crucial but challenging due to poor localization by GW signal alone. In this paper, we show that the third-generation ground-based GW detectors will detect a population of lensed events with three or more detectable images (including the central one), each arriving at distinct times and Earth locations i…

The Gamma-ray Luminosity Function of Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars
Garima Rajguru, Lea Marcotulli, Marco Ajello, Mattia Di Mauro, Meg Urry
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05515 https:/…

The Gamma-ray Luminosity Function of Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars
We have utilized the largest sample of $γ$-ray selected Fermi flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) ever used (519 sources) to construct the luminosity function and its evolution through the cosmic history. In addition to spanning large redshift ($0

Non-linear structure formation with elastic interactions in the dark sector
Jose Beltr\'an Jim\'enez, David Figueruelo, David F. Mota, Hans A. Winther
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12551

Non-linear structure formation with elastic interactions in the dark sector
Cosmological models where dark matter interacts with dark energy via a pure momentum transfer and with no energy exchange (i.e. elastic) provide compelling scenarios for addressing the apparent lack of structures at low redshift. In particular, it has been shown that measurements of $S_8$ may show a statistically significant preference for the presence of elastic interactions. In this work we implement a specific realisation of these scenarios into an $N$-body code to explore the non-linear reg…

Analysis of Galaxies at the Extremes: Failed Galaxy Progenitors in the MAGNETICUM Simulations
Jonah S. Gannon, Lucas C. Kimmig, Duncan A. Forbes, Jean P. Brodie, Lucas M. Valenzuela, Rhea-Silvia Rhemus, Joel L. Pfeffer, Klaus Dolag
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04416

Analysis of Galaxies at the Extremes: Failed Galaxy Progenitors in the MAGNETICUM Simulations
There is increasing observational evidence for a failed galaxy formation pathway for some ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) at low redshift however they currently lack simulated counterparts. We attempt to identify dark matter halos at high redshift within the MAGNETICUM cosmological simulations that could plausibly be their progenitors. We build a toy model of passive galaxy evolution within the stellar mass-halo mass relation to trace z = 0 observations of UDGs back to their z = 2 locations. We id…

Mass dependence of halo baryon fractions from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
Finn A. Roper, Yan-Chuan Cai, John A. Peacock
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12553 https://…

Mass dependence of halo baryon fractions from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect
We detect the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich imprint of peculiar motions of galaxy groups and clusters, using the photometric DESI Legacy Survey together with cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). We develop a comprehensive forward model based on the AbacusSummit cosmological simulations: mock galaxy group catalogues and synthetic kSZ maps are generated, together with a reconstructed peculiar velocity field that allows for photo-$z$ errors, redshift-space…

Estimation of intrinsic fast radio burst width and scattering distributions from CRAFT data
C. W. James, J. Hoffmann, J. X. Prochaska, M. Glowacki
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05654

Estimation of intrinsic fast radio burst width and scattering distributions from CRAFT data
The intrinsic width and scattering distributions of fast radio bursts (FRBs) inform on their emission mechanism and local environment, and act as a source of detection bias and, hence, an obfuscating factor when performing FRB population and cosmological studies. Here, we utilise a sample of 29 FRBs with measured high-time-resolution properties and known redshift, which were detected using the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) by the Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transients …

Cloudy with a chance of starshine: Possible photometric signatures of nebular-dominated emission in $1.5 < z < 8.5$ JADES galaxies
James A. A. Trussler, Alex J. Cameron, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Harley Katz, Nathan J. Adams, Duncan Austin, Andrew J. Bunker, Stefano Carniani, Christopher J. Conselice, Mirko Curti, Emma Curtis-Lake, Kevin Hainline, Thomas Harvey, Benjamin D. Johnson, Qiong Li, Tobias J. Looser, Pierluigi Rinaldi, Brant Robertson, Fengwu Sun, Sandro Tacchella, Christin…

Cloudy with a chance of starshine: Possible photometric signatures of nebular-dominated emission in $1.5 < z < 8.5$ JADES galaxies
The discovery of high-redshift galaxies exhibiting a steep spectral UV downturn potentially indicative of two-photon continuum emission marks a turning point in our search for signatures of top-heavy star formation in the early Universe. We develop a photometric search method for identifying further nebular-dominated galaxy candidates, whose nebular continuum dominates over the starlight, due to the high ionising photon production efficiencies $ξ_\mathrm{ion}$ associated with massive star form…

On the uncertainty in predicting the stochastic gravitational wave background from compact binary coalescences
Michael Ebersold, Tania Regimbau
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02163 …

On the uncertainty in predicting the stochastic gravitational wave background from compact binary coalescences
The stochastic gravitational-wave background from compact binary coalescences is expected to be the first detectable stochastic signal via cross-correlation searches with terrestrial detectors. It encodes the cumulative merger history of stellar-mass binaries across cosmic time, offering a unique probe of the high-redshift Universe. However, predicting the background spectrum is challenging due to numerous modeling choices, each with distinct uncertainties. In this work, we present a comprehens…

Selecting Clusters and Protoclusters via Stellar Mass Density: II. Application to HSC-SSP Observations
Marcelo C. Vicentin, Laerte Sodr\'e Jr., Michael A. Strauss, Erik V. R. de Lima, Pablo Araya-Araya
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10736

Selecting Clusters and Protoclusters via Stellar Mass Density: II. Application to HSC-SSP Observations
We present a selection of candidates of clusters and protoclusters of galaxies identified in the photometric data of the HSC-SSP Wide Public Data Release 3 (PDR3), spanning the redshift range $\rm 0.1 \leq z \leq 2$. The selection method, detailed in Vicentin et al. (2025), involves detecting massive galaxies located in high-density regions of matter, identified as potential central dominant galaxies, i.e., (proto)BCGs. Probabilistic criteria based on proximity to the candidate central galaxy a…

A census of quiescent galaxies across $0.5 < z < 8$ with JWST/MIRI: Mass-dependent number density evolution of quiescent galaxies in the early Universe
Tiancheng Yang, Tao Wang, Ke Xu, Hanwen Sun, Luwenjia Zhou, Lizhi Xie, Gabriella De Lucia, Claudia del P. Lagos, Kai Wang, Fabio Fontanot, Yuxuan Wu, Shiying Lu, Longyue Chen, Michaela Hirschmann
https://

A census of quiescent galaxies across $0.5 < z < 8$ with JWST/MIRI: Mass-dependent number density evolution of quiescent galaxies in the early Universe
JWST observations reveal numerous quiescent galaxies (QGs) at high redshift ($z \sim 4-8$), challenging models of early galaxy formation and quenching. Accurate number density estimates are crucial for comparison with theory but remain uncertain. We systematically study QGs at $0.5 < z < 8$ using a mass-complete sample from the JWST/PRIMER survey with deep NIRCam and MIRI imaging. The MIRI data, probing rest-frame near-infrared at $z \sim 3-8$, are vital for robust stellar mass measurement and …

Gamma-ray Bursts
Andrew J. Levan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05297 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.05297

Gamma-ray Bursts
Gamma-ray bursts are flashes of high-energy radiation lasting from a fraction of a second to several hours. Military satellites made the first detections of GRBs in the late 1960s. The $γ$-ray emission forms from shocks in a relativistic jet launched from a compact central engine. In addition to the emission of $γ$-rays, the interaction of the jet with the surrounding medium yields afterglow emission that can be observed across the electromagnetic spectrum. Redshift measurements from these af…

Ly{\alpha} Intensity Mapping in HETDEX: Galaxy-Ly{\alpha} Intensity Cross-Power Spectrum
Maja Lujan Niemeyer, Eiichiro Komatsu, Jos\'e Luis Bernal, Chris Byrohl, Robin Ciardullo, Olivia Curtis, Daniel J. Farrow, Steven L. Finkelstein, Karl Gebhardt, Caryl Gronwall, Gary J. Hill, Matt J. Jarvis, Donghui Jeong, Erin Mentuch Cooper, Deeshani Mitra, Shiro Mukae, Julian B. Mu\~noz, Masami Ouchi, Shun Saito, Donald P. Schneider, Lutz Wisotzki

Lyα Intensity Mapping in HETDEX: Galaxy-Lyα Intensity Cross-Power Spectrum
We present a measurement of the Lyman-$α$ (Ly$α$) intensity mapping power spectrum from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). We measure the cross-power spectrum of the Ly$α$ intensity and Ly$α$-emitting galaxies (LAEs) in a redshift range of $1.9 < z < 3.5$. We calculate the intensity from HETDEX spectra that do not contain any detected LAEs above a signal-to-noise ratio of $5.5$. To produce a power spectrum model and its covariance matrix, we simulate the data using …

BEES: Quasar lifetime measurements from extended rest-optical emission line nebulae at $z\sim6$
Dominika \v{D}urov\v{c}\'ikov\'a, Anna-Christina Eilers, Yuzo Ishikawa, Minghao Yue, Marianne Vestergaard, Frederick B. Davies, Jan-Torge Schindler, Xiaohui Fan, Fabrizio Arrigoni Battaia, Marta Volonteri, Robert A. Simcoe, Joseph F. Hennawi, Laura Blecha, Irham T. Andika, Sarah E. I. Bosman, Rebekka Bieri

BEES: Quasar lifetime measurements from extended rest-optical emission line nebulae at $z\sim6$
Measurements of quasar lifetimes at high redshift indicate that the earliest billion-solar-mass supermassive black holes (SMBHs) have only been active as luminous quasars for less than a million years. Recently, extended Ly$α$ nebulae around $z\sim6$ quasars have revealed that these short observed lifetimes are unlikely a sightline-dependent effect. However, the interpretation of Ly$α$ emission is not straightforward due to its resonant nature. In this work, we use rest-frame optical emission…

GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures
Neil Lu, Sizheng Ma, Ornella J. Piccinni, Yanbei Chen, Ling Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01001 https://arx…

GW250114 reveals black hole horizon signatures
The horizon of a black hole, the "surface of no return," is characterized by its rotation frequency $Ω_H$ and surface gravity $κ$. A striking signature is that any infalling object appears to orbit at $Ω_H$ due to frame dragging, while its emitted signals decay exponentially at a rate set by $κ$ as a consequence of gravitational redshift. Recent theoretical work predicts that the merger phase of gravitational waves from binary black hole coalescences carries direct imprints of the remnant h…

Strong-lensing rates of massive black hole binaries in LISA
Juan Guti\'errez, Macarena Lagos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02061 https://arxiv.org/pdf/251…

Strong-lensing rates of massive black hole binaries in LISA
Similarly to electromagnetic (EM) signals, gravitational lensing by intervening galaxies can also affect gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper, we estimate the strong-lensing rate of massive black hole mergers observed with LISA. Given the uncertainties in the source populations as well as in the population of galaxies at high redshift, we consider: six different source population models, including light and heavy seeds, as well as three lens population models, including redshift-independent…

Black Holes in the Shadow: The Missing High-Ionization Lines in the Earliest JWST AGNs
Greta Zucchi, Xihan Ji, Piero Madau, Roberto Maiolino, Ignas Joudzbalis, Francesco D'Eugenio, Sophia Geris, Yuki Isobe
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10772

Black Holes in the Shadow: The Missing High-Ionization Lines in the Earliest JWST AGNs
Observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have uncovered a substantial population of high-redshift, broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs), whose properties challenge standard models of black hole growth and AGN emission. We analyze a spectroscopic sample of 34 Type 1 AGNs from the JWST Advanced Deep Survey (JADES) survey, spanning redshifts 1.7 < z < 9, to constrain the physical nature of the accretion flows powering these sources with broad-line diagnostics statistically for t…

Wide Area VISTA Extragalactic Survey (WAVES): Selection of targets for the Wide survey using decision-tree classification
G. Kaur, M. Bilicki, S. Bellstedt, E. Tempel, W. A. Hellwing, I. Baldry, B. Bandi, S. Barsanti, S. Driver, N. Guerra-Varas, B. Holwerda, C. Lagos, J. Loveday, A. Robotham
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11132

Wide Area VISTA Extragalactic Survey (WAVES): Selection of targets for the Wide survey using decision-tree classification
The Wide-Area VISTA Extragalactic Survey (WAVES) on the 4-metre Multi-Object Spectroscopic Telescope (4MOST) includes two flux-limited subsurveys with very high (95\%) completeness requirements: Wide over $\sim\!1200$ deg$^2$ and Deep over $\sim\!65$ deg$^2$. Both are $Z$-band selected, respectively as $Z<21.1$ and $Z<21.25$ mag, and additionally redshift-limited, while the true redshifts are not known a priori but will be only measured by 4MOST. Here, we present a classification-based method t…

Probing redshift-dependent systematics in the Hubble tension: Model-independent $H_0$ constraints from DESI R2
Tonghua Liu, Shuo Cao, Jieci Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20898

Probing redshift-dependent systematics in the Hubble tension: Model-independent $H_0$ constraints from DESI R2
We present a model-independent determination of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) using the latest observational data from multiple cosmological probes. By combining baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements from the second data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI DR2), cosmic chronometer $H(z)$ data, and the Pantheon Plus Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) sample, we reconstruct the cosmic expansion history through Gaussian process regression without assuming a specific cosmologica…

Dissecting the radiation mechanism of short GRB~160821B through multi-wavelength modelling
Ankur Ghosh, Monica Barnard, Jagdish C. Joshi, Soebur Razzaque
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00780

Dissecting the radiation mechanism of short GRB~160821B through multi-wavelength modelling
GRB~160821B is the only short GRB detected to date at very high energy (VHE, $\gtrsim 100$ GeV). At a redshift $z=0.161$, it was detected by MAGIC telescopes approximately four hours since the trigger. VHE dataset was complied with the datasets of other wavelengths in between the timescale of 1.7 to 4 hours to construct the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED). In previous studies of GRB~160821B, synchrotron and external Compton (EC) model could explain the VHE emission better than the …

The Sunburst Arc with JWST. IV. The importance of interaction, turbulence, and feedback for Lyman-continuum escape
T. Emil Rivera-Thorsen, Brian Welch, Taylor Hutchison, Matthew J. Hayes, Jane R. Rigby, Keunho Kim, Suhyeon Choe, Michael Florian, Matthew B. Bayliss, Gourav Khullar, Keren Sharon, H{\aa}kon Dahle, John Chisholm, Erik Solhaug, M. Riley Owens, Michael D. Gladders

The Sunburst Arc with JWST. IV. The importance of interaction, turbulence, and feedback for Lyman-continuum escape
At present, the best opportunity for detailed Lyman Continuum escape studies is in gravitationally lensed galaxies at z >= 2. Only one such galaxy currently exists in the literature with sufficient spatial magnification: The Sunburst Arc at redshift z = 2.37. Here, we present rest-frame optical JWST NIRSpec integral field observations of the Sunburst Arc that cover a large fraction of the source plane. From this dataset, we generate precise maps of ISM kinematics, dust geometry, ionization, and…

Elusive Plunges and Heavy Intermediate-mass-ratio Inspirals from Single and Binary Supermassive Black Holes
Lazaros Souvaitzis, Antti Rantala, Thorsten Naab
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09743

Elusive Plunges and Heavy Intermediate-mass-ratio Inspirals from Single and Binary Supermassive Black Holes
The most massive galaxies in the Universe also host the largest supermassive black holes (SMBHs), with masses of $10^9 \: \mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ and above. During their hierarchical assembly, these galaxies have experienced only a few major mergers at low redshift, but have accreted many low-mass galaxies across cosmic time, possibly hosting intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs). If some of these IMBHs migrate to the galactic center, they may form compact subsystems around the central SMBH. We inv…

Inferring cosmological parameters from galaxy and dark sirens cross-correlation
Giona Sala, Alessandro Cuoco, Julien Lesgourgues, Kostantinos-Rafail Revis, Lorenzo Valbusa Dall'Armi, Santiago Casas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08699

Inferring cosmological parameters from galaxy and dark sirens cross-correlation
The number of observed gravitational wave (GW) events is growing fast thanks to rapidly improving detector sensitivities. GWs from compact binary coalescences like Black Holes or Neutron Stars behave like standard sirens and can be used as cosmological probes. To this aim, generally, the observation of an electromagnetic counterpart and the measurement of the redshift are needed. However, even when those are not available, it is still possible to exploit these "dark sirens" via statistical meth…

The Distribution of Quenched Galaxies in the Massive z = 0.87 Galaxy Cluster El Gordo
Rachel Honor, Seth Cohen, Timothy Carleton, Steven Willner, Maria del Carmen Polletta, Rogier Windhorst, Dan Coe, Christopher Conselice, Jose Diego, Simon Driver, Jordan D'Silva, Nicholas Foo, Brenda Frye, Norman Grogin, Nimish Hathi, Rolf Jansen, Patrick Kamieneski, Anton Koekemoer, Reagen Leimbach, Madeline Marshall, Rafael Ortiz III, Nor Pirzkal, Massimo Ricotti, Aaron Robotham, Michael Rutkows…

The Distribution of Quenched Galaxies in the Massive z = 0.87 Galaxy Cluster El Gordo
El Gordo (ACT-CL J0102$-$4915) is a massive galaxy cluster with two major mass components at redshift $z=0.87$. Using SED fitting results from JWST/NIRCam photometry, the fraction of quenched galaxies in this cluster was measured in two bins of stellar mass: $9<\log{({M_*}/\mathrm{M}_{\odot})}<10$ and $10\leq\log{({M_*}/\mathrm{M}_{\odot})}<12$. While there is no correlation between the quenched fraction and angular separation from the cluster's overall center of mass, there is a correlation be…

iPTF16geu through the lens of thermonuclear explosion models
Ana Sainz de Murieta, Mark R. Magee, Tian Li, Thomas E. Collett, Joel Johansson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01160 htt…

iPTF16geu through the lens of thermonuclear explosion models
The magnification resulting from strong gravitational lensing is a powerful tool to add new constraints to the cosmic evolution of supernova progenitors by enabling the study of distant supernovae that would otherwise not be observable. iPTF16geu is the most well-observed gravitationally lensed supernova (glSN) to date. At a redshift of $z = 0.409$ and magnified by a factor of $\sim$68, extensive photometric and spectroscopic observations have been obtained. The explosion mechanism producing th…

Anchoring the Universe with Characteristic Redshifts using Raychaudhuri Equation Informed Reconstruction Algorithm (REIRA)
Shibendu Gupta Choudhury, Purba Mukherjee, Anjan Ananda Sen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09602

Anchoring the Universe with Characteristic Redshifts using Raychaudhuri Equation Informed Reconstruction Algorithm (REIRA)
We study the robustness and physical implications of a set of characteristic redshifts that capture key features of the late-time Universe. Using both model-independent reconstructions as well as different dark energy (DE) parameterizations, we show that these redshifts remain stable across cosmological models and reconstruction algorithm, making them reliable geometric anchors of the expansion history. Moreover, the Alcock-Paczyński corrections at these redshift anchors are found to be unity …

That's so Retro: The Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus Merger Trajectory as the Origin of the Chemical Abundance Bimodality in the Milky Way Disk
James W. Johnson, Diane K. Feuillet, Ana Bonaca, Danielle de Brito Silva
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08688

That's so Retro: The Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus Merger Trajectory as the Origin of the Chemical Abundance Bimodality in the Milky Way Disk
The Milky Way (MW) is thought to have experienced a $\sim$3:1 mass-ratio merger event near redshift $z\sim2$ with a significantly retrograde trajectory. This now-disrupted dwarf galaxy is commonly known as the Gaia-Sausage-Enceladus (GSE). In this paper, we investigate the impact of the GSE merger trajectory on metal abundances in the MW disk. We construct numerical models of Galactic chemical evolution (GCE) incorporating radial gas flows to account for angular momentum transport during the me…

LATIS Data Release: $\sim4200$ Spectra of $z \sim 2-3$ Galaxies, Redshifts, and IGM Tomography Maps
Andrew B. Newman, Gwen C. Rudie, Guillermo A. Blanc, Daniel D. Kelson, Nima Chartab, Enrico Congiu, Victoria P\'erez, Mahdi Qezlou, Simeon Bird, Brian C. Lemaux, Olga Cucciati
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08815

LATIS Data Release: $\sim4200$ Spectra of $z \sim 2-3$ Galaxies, Redshifts, and IGM Tomography Maps
We present the data release of the Ly$α$ Tomography IMACS Survey (LATIS), one of the largest optical spectroscopic surveys of faint high-redshift galaxies. The survey provides 7408 optical spectra of candidate $z \sim 2-3$ galaxies and QSOs in the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey D1, D2 (COSMOS), and D4 fields. The $R \sim 1000$ spectra were obtained using the IMACS spectrograph at the Magellan Baade telescope, with typical integrations of 12 hr. From these spectra, we measured 557…

The role of environment in triggering AGN -- evidence for a change at $z\sim$1
Jason Reeves (Tufts University), Anna Sajina (Tufts University), Henry Adair (Drexel University), Duncan Farrah (University of Hawaii, Manoa), Mark Lacy (NRAO)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02193

The role of environment in triggering AGN -- evidence for a change at $z\sim$1
What triggers AGN in some galaxies and what role does this brief period of activity play in the overall evolution of galaxies are still open questions. This paper explores whether or not the local, on scales of $\approx$1\,Mpc, galaxy density plays a role in triggering AGN when controlling for stellar mass. We consider this question as a function of redshift and AGN selection in the X-ray vs. in the IR. We use available density maps within the 4.8\,sq.deg. XMM-LSS field in the redshift range $0…

JWST Spectroscopy of GRB 250702B: An Extremely Rare and Exceptionally Energetic Burst in a Dusty, Massive Galaxy at $z=1.036$
Benjamin P. Gompertz, Andrew J. Levan, Tanmoy Laskar, Benjamin Schneider, Ashley A. Chrimes, Antonio Martin-Carrillo, Albert Sneppen, David ONeill, Daniele B. Malesani, Peter G. Jonker, Eric Burns, Gregory Corcoran, Laura Cotter, Antonio de Ugarte Postigo, Dimple, Rob A. J. Eyles-Ferris, L. Izzo, Pall Jakobsson, Gavin P. Lamb, Jesse T. Palmerio, Giovanna Puglie…

JWST Spectroscopy of GRB 250702B: An Extremely Rare and Exceptionally Energetic Burst in a Dusty, Massive Galaxy at $z=1.036$
We present follow-up observations of the day-long, repeating GRB 250702B with the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on board the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Through the identification of narrow hydrogen emission lines at a consistent redshift of $z = 1.036 \pm 0.004$, we calibrate the distance scale, and therefore the energetics, of this unique extragalactic transient. At this distance, the resulting $γ$-ray energy release is at least $E_{γ,\rm iso} = 2.2 \times 10^{54}$\,erg. We fi…

The Connection between Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies and the First Massive Quenched Galaxies
Pablo Araya-Araya, Rachel K. Cochrane, Laerte Sodr\'e Jr., Robert M. Yates, Christopher C. Hayward, Marcel P. van Daalen, Marcelo C. Vicentin, Bitten Gullberg, Francesco Valentino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26646

The Connection between Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies and the First Massive Quenched Galaxies
High-redshift (z > 2) massive quiescent (MQ) galaxies provide an opportunity to probe the key physical processes driving the fuelling and quenching of star formation in the early Universe. Observational evidence suggests a possible evolutionary link between MQs and dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs; or submillimetre galaxies), another extreme high-redshift population. However, galaxy formation models have historically struggled to reproduce these populations - especially simultaneously - limit…

Luminosity distance dispersion in Swiss-cheese cosmology as a function of the hole size distribution
Thippayawis Cheunchitra, Andrew Melatos, Rachel Webster
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05579

Luminosity distance dispersion in Swiss-cheese cosmology as a function of the hole size distribution
The luminosity distance-redshift ($D_{\rm L}$--$z$) relation derived from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) yields evidence for a nonzero cosmological constant. SNe Ia analyses typically fit to the functional form $D_{\rm L}(z)$ derived theoretically from the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric. Yet, the metric in the epoch relevant to SNe Ia measurements deviates slightly from FLRW due to gravitational clumping of mass into large-scale structures like filament…

Accretion-Regulated Type Transitions in Changing-Look AGNs: Evidence from Two-Epoch Spectral Analysis
Yu-Heng Shen, Kai-Xing Lu, Wei-Jian Guo, Sha-Sha Li, Hai-Cheng Feng, Zhang Yue, Wen-Zhe Xi, Jian-Guo Wang, Jin-Ming Bai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08868

Accretion-Regulated Type Transitions in Changing-Look AGNs: Evidence from Two-Epoch Spectral Analysis
The changing-look active galactic nucleus (CL-AGN), an extraordinary subpopulation of supermassive black holes, has attracted growing attention for understanding its nature. We present an analysis of the spectral properties of 203 low-redshift CL-AGNs ($z<0.35$) using two-epoch spectra from SDSS DR16 and DESI DR1 with time baseline ranging from $\sim$1000 to 8000 days, based on spectral fitting and decomposition. The sample consists of 11.3\% Type 1.0, 26.6\% Type 1.2, 43.1\% Type 1.5, and 19\%…

Stacking 21-cm Maps around Lyman-$\alpha$ Emitters during Reionization: Prospects for a Cross-correlation Detection with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
Kai-Feng Chen, Meredith Neyer, Jacqueline N. Hewitt, Aaron Smith, Mark Vogelsberger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07374

Stacking 21-cm Maps around Lyman-$α$ Emitters during Reionization: Prospects for a Cross-correlation Detection with the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
Observations of the redshifted 21-cm line during the Epoch of Reionization will open a new window to probe the intergalactic medium during the formation of the first stars, galaxies, and black holes. A particularly promising route to an initial detection is to cross-correlate tomographic 21-cm maps with spectroscopically confirmed Lyman-$α$ emitters (LAEs). High-redshift LAEs preferentially reside in ionized bubbles that are strongly anticorrelated with the surrounding neutral regions traced b…

V\textit{z}$-$GAL: Probing Cold Molecular Gas in Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at $\bf \textit{z}=1-6$
Prachi Prajapati, Dominik Riechers, Pierre Cox, Axel Weiss, Am\'elie Saintonge, Bethany Jones, Tom J. L. C. Bakx, Stefano Berta, Paul van der Werf, Roberto Neri, Kirsty M. Butler, Asantha Cooray, Diana Ismail, Andrew Baker, Edoardo Borsato, Andrew Harris, Rob Ivison, Matthew Lehnert, Lucia Marchetti, Hugo Messias, Alain Omont, Catherine Vlahakis, Chentao Yang

V\textit{z}$-$GAL: Probing Cold Molecular Gas in Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at $\bf \textit{z}=1-6$
We present the first results of V\textit{z}-GAL, a high-redshift CO(\textit{J} = 1 $-$ 0) large survey with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array, targeting 92 \textit{Herschel}-selected, infrared-luminous, dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs). This flux density-limited sample includes 106 DSFGs in total, along with 14 galaxies from a recent pilot study -- altogether doubling the to-date available high-redshift \coonezero observations. These sources cover redshifts 1 to 6 with available mid/high-\…

Transverse Velocities in Real-Time Cosmology: Position Drift in Relativistic N-Body Simulations
Alexander Oestreicher, Chris Clarkson, Julian Adamek, Sofie Marie Koksbang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05956

Transverse Velocities in Real-Time Cosmology: Position Drift in Relativistic N-Body Simulations
The era of real-time cosmology has begun. It is now possible to directly measure the apparent drift of high-redshift astronomical sources across the sky $\textit{in real time}$. This so-called $\textit{position drift}$ provides a valuable probe of the peculiar velocity field and cosmic structure formation by giving direct access to the transverse velocity that is otherwise currently not measurable and must be statistically reconstructed from the density field in a model-dependent way. To fully …

A first look at quasar-galaxy clustering at $z\simeq7.3$
Jan-Torge Schindler, Joseph F. Hennawi, Frederick B. Davies, Sarah E. I. Bosman, Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang, Anna-Christina Eilers, Xiaohui Fan, Koki Kakiichi, Elia Pizzati, Riccardo Nanni
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08455

A first look at quasar-galaxy clustering at $z\simeq7.3$
We present JWST observations of the environments surrounding two high-redshift quasars -- J0252$-$0503 at $z = 7.0$ and J1007$+$2115 at $z = 7.5$ -- which enable the first constraints on quasar-galaxy clustering at $z \sim 7.3$. Galaxies in the vicinity of the quasars are selected through ground-based and JWST/NIRCam imaging and then spectroscopically confirmed with JWST/NIRSpec using the multi-shutter assembly (MSA). Over both fields, we identify 51 $z>5$ galaxies, of which eight are found wit…

Crosschecking Cosmic Distances from DESI BAO and DES SNe Points to Systematics
Mauricio Lopez-Hernandez, Eoin \'O Colg\'ain, Saeed Pourojaghi, M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04179

Crosschecking Cosmic Distances from DESI BAO and DES SNe Points to Systematics
We perform a consistency check of DESI DR2 BAO constraints ($D_M/r_d, D_H/r_d)$ by reconstructing the same quantities from DES supernovae (SNe) in bins with the same effective redshift $z_{\textrm{eff}}$. We find that the ratio of $D_M/r_d$ values are consistent with a horizontal, thus confirming that the distance duality relation holds up to calibration. However, the $D_H/r_d$ ratio shows a decreasing trend with $z_{\textrm{eff}}$ at $2.3 σ$ to $2.5 σ$ that cannot be explained by physics. We…

Inefficient dust production in a massive, metal-rich galaxy at $z=7.13$ uncovered by JWST and ALMA
Kasper E. Heintz, Darach Watson, Francesco Valentino, Rashmi Gottumukkala, Desika Narayanan, Robert M. Yates, Chamilla Terp, Negin Nezhad, John R. Weaver, Joris Witstok, Gabriel Brammer, Anja C. Andersen, Albert Sneppen, Clara L. Pollock, Hiddo Algera, Lucie E. Rowland, Pascal A. Oesch, Georgios Magdis, Giorgos Nikopoulos, Kirsten K. Knudsen

Inefficient dust production in a massive, metal-rich galaxy at $z=7.13$ uncovered by JWST and ALMA
Recent observations have revealed a remarkably rapid buildup of cosmic dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) of high redshift galaxies, with complex dust compositions and large abundances already appearing at redshifts $z>6$. Here we present a comprehensive, joint analysis of observations taken with the {\em James Webb Space Telescope} (JWST) and the Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-millimetre Array (ALMA) of the highly magnified, dusty `normal' galaxy, A1689-zD1 at $z=7.13$. We perform detailed sp…

The evolution of the bar fraction and bar lengths in the last 12 billion years
Zoe A. Le Conte, Dimitri A. Gadotti, Leonardo Ferreira, Christopher J. Conselice, Camila de S\'a-Freitas, Taehyun Kim, Justus Neumann, Francesca Fragkoudi, E. Athanassoula, Nathan J. Adams
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07407

The evolution of the bar fraction and bar lengths in the last 12 billion years
We investigate the evolution of the bar fraction and length using an extended JWST NIRCam imaging dataset of galaxies in the $1 \leq z \leq 4$ redshift range. We assess the wavelength dependence of the bar fraction in disc galaxies and bar length evolution by selecting a nearly mass-complete CEERS disc sample and performing independent visual classifications on the short (F200W) and long (F356W+F444W) wavelength channels. A similar bar fraction is observed for both samples, and combined we find…

Beyond CPL: Evidence for dynamical dark energy in three-parameter models
Sonej Alam, Md. Wali Hossain
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03779 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Beyond CPL: Evidence for dynamical dark energy in three-parameter models
We introduce three-parameter extensions of the two-parameter minimal Akhtar-Hossain (mAH) parametrization, termed modified minimal AH (MmAH1,2), which provide greater flexibility in the dynamics of dark energy. These models are compared with $Λ$CDM, $w$CDM, mAH, CPL, and three-parameter CPL (CPL-$w_{\rm b}$) using a joint data set of the CMB compressed likelihood, DESI DR2, Pantheon$+$ supernovae, $H(z)$ measurements, and redshift-space distortions. While the common cosmological parameters rem…

The anisotropic expansion rate of the local Universe and its covariant cosmographic interpretation
Basheer Kalbouneh, Christian Marinoni, Roy Maartens, Julien Bel, Jessica Santiago, Chris Clarkson, Maharshi Sarma, Jean-Marc Virey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02510

The anisotropic expansion rate of the local Universe and its covariant cosmographic interpretation
Without making any assumption on the underlying geometry and metric of the local Universe, we provide a measurement of the expansion rate fluctuation field using the Cosmicflows-4 and Pantheon+ samples in the redshift range $0.01 < z < 0.1$ ($30 \,h^{-1}\,\mathrm{Mpc} < R < 300\,h^{-1}\,\mathrm{Mpc}$). The amplitude of the anisotropic fluctuations is found to be of order a few percent relative to the monopole of the expansion rate. We further decompose the expansion rate fluctuation field int…

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.GA. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.GA/new
[1/1]:
- Introducing the THESAN-ZOOM project: radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of high-redshift galaxies...
Rahul Kannan, et al.

Declining metallicity and extended HeII in the outflow of an epoch of reionization analogue galaxy
M. J. Hamel-Bravo, D. B. Fisher, D. A. Berg, A. J. Cameron, J. Chisholm, G. G. Kacprzak, B. Mazzilli Ciraulo, H. Katz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05332

Declining metallicity and extended HeII in the outflow of an epoch of reionization analogue galaxy
We present VLT/X-shooter spectroscopy of the extremely metal-poor starburst galaxy SBS 0335-052E, a nearby (D $\sim$54 Mpc) analog of high-redshift systems, probing its outflow up to a distance of $\sim$2.6 kpc. Using direct-method oxygen abundances, we find a complex metallicity profile that generally declines with distance, decreasing by 0.37 dex from the galaxy center out to 2.4 kpc into the outflow. This implies a metal-loading factor roughly an order of magnitude lower than predictions bas…

Beyond the stars: Linking H$\alpha$ sizes, kinematics, and star formation in galaxies at $z\approx 4-6$ with JWST grism surveys and $\texttt{geko}$
A. Lola Danhaive, Sandro Tacchella, William McClymont, Brant Robertson, Stefano Carniani, Courtney Carreira, Eiichi Egami, Andrew J. Bunker, Emma Curtis-Lake, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Zhiyuan Ji, Benjamin D. Johnson, Marcia Rieke, Natalia C. Villanueva, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Chris Willot, Zihao Wu, Yongda Zhu

Beyond the stars: Linking H$α$ sizes, kinematics, and star formation in galaxies at $z\approx 4-6$ with JWST grism surveys and $\texttt{geko}$
Understanding how galaxies assemble their mass during the first billion years of cosmic time is a central goal of extragalactic astrophysics, yet joint constraints on their sizes and kinematics remain scarce. We present one of the first statistical studies of the $\mathrm{H}α$ size-mass relation at high redshift with a sample of 213 galaxies at spectroscopic redshifts of $z\approx 4-6$ from the FRESCO and CONGRESS NIRCam grism surveys. We measure the $\mathrm{H}α$ morphology and kinematics of…

13 Billion Years of MgII Absorber Evolution
Christopher W. Churchill (New Mexico State University), Asif Abbas (New Mexico State University), Glenn G. Kapcrzak (Swinburne University of Technology), Nikole M. Nielsen (Swinburne University of Technology, University of Oklahoma)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01430

13 Billion Years of MgII Absorber Evolution
Applying "apportioned integrals," we use dN/dX measurements to determine the MgII absorber equivalent width distribution function for Wr > 0.03 [angstroms] and 0 < z < 7. Adopting a Schechter distribution, f(z,W)dW = Phi* (W/W*)^alpha e^{-W/W*} dW/W*, we present the normalization, Phi*(z), the characteristic equivalent width, W*(z), and the weak-end slope, alpha(z), as smooth functions of redshift. Measurements of dN/dX are robust for z < 4 but less so at z > 4 for weaker absorbers (Wr < 0.3 [a…

Probing dust torus radius--luminosity relation: An WISE view
Ashutosh Tomar, Suvendu Rakshit, Amit Kumar Mandal, Shivangi Pandey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04517 https://…

Probing dust torus radius--luminosity relation: An WISE view
We present measurements of the dusty torus sizes of 51 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with a redshift of $z<$ 0.8. Our analysis utilizes about 16 years of optical photometric data of 146 AGNs from various time-domain surveys, including ASAS-SN, CRTS, and ZTF, along with 14 years of infrared data in the $W$1 ($\sim$ 3.4 $μ$m) and $W$2 ($\sim$ 4.6 $μ$m) bands obtained from the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). The estimated dust torus size ranges from 1000 to 3000 days, using both the …

Confirming Near- to Mid-IR Photometrically-Identified Obscured AGNs in the JWST era
George H. Rieke, Yang Sun, Jianwei Lyu, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Yongda Zhu, Pierluigi Rinaldi, Meredith A. Stone, Kevin N. Hainline, Pablo G. Perez-Gonzalez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07303

Confirming Near- to Mid-IR Photometrically-Identified Obscured AGNs in the JWST era
We evaluate the underlying assumptions for the identification of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) through near- and mid-infrared photometry and spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting out to z ~ 3. For massive galaxies, log(M) > 9.5, our high resolution spectra of the rest optical range generally confirm the results of SED fitting, which relies primarily on excesses above the stellar emission between 1 and 6 microns to identify AGN. However, the method is undermined if the redshift used for the…

BAO miscalibration cannot rescue late-time solutions to the Hubble tension
Davide Pedrotti, Luis A. Escamilla, Valerio Marra, Leandros Perivolaropoulos, Sunny Vagnozzi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01974 …

BAO miscalibration cannot rescue late-time solutions to the Hubble tension
Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements play a key role in ruling out post-recombination solutions to the Hubble tension. However, because the data compression leading to these measurements assumes a fiducial $Λ$CDM cosmology, their reliability in testing late-time modifications to $Λ$CDM has at times been called into question. We play devil's advocate and posit that fiducial cosmology assumptions do indeed affect BAO measurements in such a way that low-redshift acoustic angular scales…

H I Properties of Field Galaxies at $\boldsymbol{z\approx 0.2}$-0.6: Insights into Declining Cosmic Star Formation
David DePalma, Neeraj Gupta, Hsiao-Wen Chen, Robert A. Simcoe, Sergei Balashev, Erin Boettcher, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Mandy C. Chen, Fran\c{c}oise Combes, Claude-Andr\'e Faucher-Gigu\`ere, Sean D. Johnson, Hans-Rainer Kl\"ockner, Jens-Kristian Krogager, Jennifer I-Hsiu Li, Sebasti\'an L\'opez, Pasquier Noterdaeme, Patrick Petitjean, Zhijie Qu, Gwen C. Rudi…

H I Properties of Field Galaxies at $\boldsymbol{z\approx 0.2}$-0.6: Insights into Declining Cosmic Star Formation
We report statistically significant detection of H I 21-cm emission from intermediate-redshift ($z\approx0.2$-0.6) galaxies. By leveraging multi-sightline galaxy survey data from the Cosmic Ultraviolet Baryon Survey (CUBS) and deep radio observations from the MeerKAT Absorption Line Survey (MALS), we have established a sample of $\approx6000$ spectroscopically identified galaxies in 11 distinct fields to constrain the neutral gas content at intermediate redshifts. The galaxies sample a broad ra…

Faraday Depolarization Study of a Radio Galaxy Using LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: Data Release 2
Samantha Sneha Paul, Abhik Ghosh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00440 https://…

Faraday Depolarization Study of a Radio Galaxy Using LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: Data Release 2
We present a detailed depolarization analysis of a radio galaxy ILTJ012215.21+254334.8, utilizing polarimetric data from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) Data Release 2 (DR2) catalogue. The selected source exhibits a rotation measure (RM) of ~ - 47 rad/m^2 and a projected linear size of 335 kpc at a redshift z ~ 0.05. Depolarization model fitting was performed on LOFAR High Band Antenna data (120 - 168 MHz), with fractional polarization detected at 3.0%. Five depolarization models were te…

Theoretical Modelling of Early Massive Black Holes
Marta Volonteri
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04599 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.04599

Theoretical Modelling of Early Massive Black Holes
These notes review theoretical models of massive black hole formation, growth and observables. They start with a brief summary of basic properties of massive black hole properties. The current view on massive black holes and active galactic nuclei at high redshift is then summarized, highlighting the JWST ``revolution'' and the questions raised by the recent observations. The notes then touch on massive black hole formation and growth mechanisms, emphasizing the processes at play at early cosmi…

The Clustering of Active Galactic Nuclei and Star Forming Galaxies in the LoTSS DeepFields
C. L. Hale, P. N. Best, K. J. Duncan, R. Kondapally, M. J. Jarvis, M. Magliocchetti, H. J. A. R\"ottgering, D. J. Schwarz, D. J. B. Smith, J. Zheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01029

The Clustering of Active Galactic Nuclei and Star Forming Galaxies in the LoTSS DeepFields
Using deep observations across three of the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields, this work measures the angular clustering of star forming galaxies (SFGs) and low-excitation radio galaxies (LERGs) to $z$$\lesssim$1.5 for faint sources, $S_{\textrm{144 MHz}}$$\geq$200 $μ$Jy. We measure the angular auto-correlation of LOFAR sources in redshift bins and their cross-correlation with multi-wavelength sources {to} measure the evolving galaxy bias for SFGs and LERGs. Our work shows the bias of the…

Matching JWST UV Luminosity Functions with Refined $\Lambda$CDM Halo Models
Saeed Fakhry, Maryam Shiravand, Antonino Del Popolo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04709 https://

Matching JWST UV Luminosity Functions with Refined $Λ$CDM Halo Models
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has unveiled a population of unexpectedly massive and luminous galaxies at redshifts $z \gtrsim 7$, posing a significant challenge to the standard $Λ$CDM cosmological paradigm. In this work, we address the tension between early JWST observations of luminous high-redshift galaxies and predictions of the standard $Λ$CDM model by revisiting the physics of dark matter halo formation. Employing refined halo mass functions derived by Del Popolo \textit{et al.} …

Gravitational lensing of 21 cm HI signal: detection prospects at z ~ 1 with uGMRT in galaxy cluster lenses
Sauraj Bharti, Ashish Kumar Meena, Jasjeet Singh Bagla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00813

Gravitational lensing of 21 cm HI signal: detection prospects at z ~ 1 with uGMRT in galaxy cluster lenses
The atomic hydrogen HI content of galaxies is intimately related to star formation and galaxy evolution through the baryon cycle, which involves processes such as accretion, feedback, outflows, and gas recycling. While probing the HI gas over cosmic time has improved our understanding, direct HI detection is essentially limited to $z \lesssim 0.42$ due to the faintness of the 21cm line. Detections beyond this redshift have made use of the stacking technique to obtain average quantities of galax…

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.GA. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.GA/new
[1/1]:
- 4MOST Cosmology Redshift Survey (CRS): Clustering properties of CRS BG and LRG target catalogues
Bandi, Rocher, Verdier, Loveday, Chen, Richard, Kneib, Shanks, Brown

Evidence for increasing dark energy in DESI from the Local Distance Ladder
Maryam Aghaei Abchouyeh, Maurice H. P. M. van Putten
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.23168 https://

Evidence for increasing dark energy in DESI from the Local Distance Ladder
The {\it Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument} (DESI) provides a comprehensive survey of {\it Baryon Acoustic Oscillation} (BAO) in the {\it Large Scale Structure} (LSS), {in stratified data covering a finite redshift range.} Extracting cosmological parameters in a joint analysis of LSS-CMB data is hereby inherently a nonlinear problem. In particular, this nonlinearity may concern the unknown equation of state of dark energy $w(a)$, defined in the general $w(a)$CDM framework. Nevertheless, a co…

A $z\simeq0.4$ Little Red Dot analog: An Extended Starburst with an Overmassive Black hole
Xiaoyang Chen, Kohei Ichikawa, Masayuki Akiyama, Kohei Inayoshi, Akio K. Inoue, Masafusa Onoue, Yoshiki Toba, Jorge A. Zavala, Tom J. Bakx, Toshihiro Kawaguchi, Kianhong Lee, Naoki Matsumoto, Bovornpratch Vijarnwannaluk
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.028…

A $z\simeq0.4$ Little Red Dot analog: An Extended Starburst with an Overmassive Black hole
One of the most remarkable discoveries of JWST is a population of compact, red sources at z > 4, commonly referred to as Little Red Dots (LRDs). Spectroscopic identifications reported that most LRDs are active galactic nuclei (AGNs), which are preferentially found around z~6 and could imply a key phase in the formation and growth of black holes (BHs) in the early universe. Photometric surveys at lower redshift have recently been carried out to trace their evolution across cosmic time, and a sma…

JWST-discovered AGN: evidence for heavy obscuration in the type-2 sample from the first stacked X-ray detection
Andrea Comastri, Giorgio Lanzuisi, Fabio Vito, Stefano Marchesi, Marcella Brusa, Roberto Gilli, Ignas Juodzbalis, Roberto Maiolino, Giovanni Mazzolari, Guido Risaliti, Jan Scholtz, Cristian Vignali
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.0011…

JWST-discovered AGN: evidence for heavy obscuration in the type-2 sample from the first stacked X-ray detection
One of the most puzzling properties of the high-redshift AGN population recently discovered by JWST, including both broad-line and narrow-line sources, is their X-ray weakness. With very few exceptions, and regardless of the optical classification, they are undetected at the limits of the deepest Chandra fields, even when stacking signals from tens of sources in standard observed-frame energy intervals (soft, hard, and full bands). It has been proposed that their elusive nature in the X-ray ban…

Revisiting the formation of molecules and dust in core collapse supernovae
Isabelle Cherchneff, Dahbia Talbi, Jos\'e Cernicharo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01079 https://

Revisiting the formation of molecules and dust in core collapse supernovae
Context. Core-collapse Supernovae of Type II contribute the chemical enrichment of galaxies through explosion. Their role as dust producers in the high-redshift Universe may be of paramount importance. However, the type and amount of dust they synthesise after outburst is still a matter of debate and the formation processes remain unclear. Aims. We aim to identify and understand the chemical processes at play in the dust formation scenario, and derive mass yields for molecules and dust cluste…

Hector Galaxy Survey: Data Processing, Quality Control and Early Science
S. Oh, M. L. P. Gunawardhana, S. M. Croom, G. Quattropani, S. Tuntipong, J. J. Bryant, P. Corcho- Caballero, P. K. Das, O. \c{C}ak{\i}r, J. H. Lee, A. Ristea, S. Barsanti, M. Pak, S. M. Sweet, T. J. Woodrow, T. Rutherford, Y. Mai, M. S. Owers, M. Colless, L. S. J. Stuart, H. R. M. Zovaro, S. P. Vaughan, J. van de Sande, T. Farrell, M. Beom, J. Bland-Hawthorn, J. Chung, C. Foster, K. Grasha, H. Jeong, J. C. Lee, A.…

Hector Galaxy Survey: Data Processing, Quality Control and Early Science
The Hector Galaxy Survey is a new optical integral field spectroscopy (IFS) survey currently using the AAT to observe up to 15,000 galaxies at low redshift ($z < 0.1$). The Hector instrument employs 21 optical fibre bundles feeding into two double-beam spectrographs to enable wide-field multi-object IFS observations of galaxies. To efficiently process the survey data, we adopt the data reduction pipeline developed for the SAMI Galaxy Survey, with significant updates to accommodate Hector's dual…

The JWST EXCELS Survey: A spectroscopic investigation of the ionizing properties of star-forming galaxies at 1<z<8
R. Begley, R. J. McLure, F. Cullen, A. C. Carnall, T. M. Stanton, D. Scholte, D. J. McLeod, J. S. Dunlop, K. Z. Arellano-C\'ordova, C. Bondestam, C. T. Donnan, M. L. Hamadouch, A. E. Shapley, S. Stevenson
https://arx…

The JWST EXCELS Survey: A spectroscopic investigation of the ionizing properties of star-forming galaxies at 1
Charting the Epoch of Reionization demands robust assessments of what drives the production of ionizing photons in high-redshift star-forming galaxies (SFGs), and requires better predictive capabilities from current observations. Using a sample of $N=159$ SFGs at $1