Tootfinder

Vanishing Refractories: Tracing Dust Evolution in the BP Tau Protoplanetary Disk
Marbely Micolta (University of Michigan), Justin Svarc (University of Michigan), Nuria Calvet (University of Michigan), Ezequiel Manzo-Martinez (University of Michigan, Universidad Nacional Aut\'onoma de M\'exico), Thanawuth Thanathibodee (Chulalongkorn University), Gladis Magris C (Centro de Investigaciones de Astronom\'ia ''Francisco J. Duarte'' CIDA), Avalon Littwiller (Unive…

Vanishing Refractories: Tracing Dust Evolution in the BP Tau Protoplanetary Disk
We present a multi-wavelength analysis of the dust of BP Tau's protoplanetary disk. We use new optical spectra of BP Tau, taken with the Magellan/MIKE spectrograph in tandem with archival UV and mid-infrared observations. We use the magnetospheric accretion model to analyze the Ca II K and Mg II 2796.4 Å emission lines and derive the abundance of Ca and Mg in the accretion flows as a proxy for the refractory abundance in the innermost gas disk. Furthermore, we used irradiated accretion disk mo…

A quest for sulfur-bearing refractory species. Identification of CaS in the interstellar medium
A. Tasa-Chaveli, \'A. S\'anchez-Monge, A. Fuente, A. Ginsburg, H. S. P. M\"uller, Th. M\"oller, P. Rivi\`ere-Marichalar, D. Navarro-Almaida, G. Esplugues, P. Schilke, M. Rodr\'iguez-Baras, S. Thorwirth, L. Beitia-Antero
https://

A quest for sulfur-bearing refractory species. Identification of CaS in the interstellar medium
The recent detection of refractory molecules in massive star-forming regions provides a means of probing the innermost regions of disks around massive stars. These detections also make it possible to explore the chemical composition of refractories through gas-phase observations. In this regard, identifying refractory compounds containing sulfur could reveal potential connections between sulfur and refractories, as well as help determine the sulfur budget in these extreme environments. We find …

Investigating into mechanisms of high temperature strength of refractory high-entropy alloys
Sai Anandhi Seetharaman, Soumyadipta Maiti, Ambesh Gupta, Beena Rai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04589

Investigating into mechanisms of high temperature strength of refractory high-entropy alloys
The yield strength plateau of two BCC refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) - MoNbTaVW and MoNbTaW was examined through hybrid Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics (MC/MD) simulations. By analyzing atomic diffusivities derived from vacancy formation and migration energies around the edge dislocation cores, the number of critical atomic swaps were calculated at different temperatures. Using hybrid MC/MD simulations of these critical swaps, we demonstrate that above 1400K, the stress required to m…

Incorporating the Refractory Period into Spiking Neural Networks through Spike-Triggered Threshold Dynamics
Yang Li, Xinyi Zeng, Zhe Xue, Pinxian Zeng, Zikai Zhang, Yan Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17769

Incorporating the Refractory Period into Spiking Neural Networks through Spike-Triggered Threshold Dynamics
As the third generation of neural networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have recently gained widespread attention for their biological plausibility, energy efficiency, and effectiveness in processing neuromorphic datasets. To better emulate biological neurons, various models such as Integrate-and-Fire (IF) and Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) have been widely adopted in SNNs. However, these neuron models overlook the refractory period, a fundamental characteristic of biological neurons. Resear…

Detection of OH and Fe in the dayside atmosphere of the hottest ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b with SPIRou
Yuanheng Yang, Guo Chen, Hui Zhang, Fei Yan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.23850

Detection of OH and Fe in the dayside atmosphere of the hottest ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b with SPIRou
Simultaneous measurements of volatile and refractory elements are essential for tracing the formation and migration of ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs). High-resolution infrared emission spectroscopy has been widely used to probe their atmospheres, covering molecules and atoms. For the hottest known planet, KELT-9b, whose dayside atmosphere is nearly fully dissociated and ionized, no molecules had been firmly detected. Here we report the first detection of OH in the dayside atmosphere of KELT-9b, base…

Extreme NiI/FeI abundance ratio in the coma of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS
Damien Hutsem\'ekers, Jean Manfroid, Emmanu\"el Jehin, Cyrielle Opitom, Michele Bannister, Juan Pablo Carvajal, Rosemary Dorsey, K Aravind, Baltasar Luco, Brian Murphy, Thomas H. Puzia, Rohan Rahatgaonkar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.26053

Extreme NiI/FeI abundance ratio in the coma of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS
Emission lines of FeI and NiI are commonly found in the coma of solar system comets, even at large heliocentric distances. These atoms are most likely released from the surface of the comet's nucleus or from a short-lived parent. The presence of these lines in cometary spectra is unexpected because the surface blackbody equilibrium temperature is too low to allow the sublimation of refractory minerals containing these metals. These lines were also found in the interstellar comet 2I/Borisov whic…