A discrete Boltzmann model with state-dependent power-law relaxation time for nonequilibrium transport in compressible flows
Demei Li, Zhongyi He, Huilin Lai, Yanbiao Gan, Hailong Liu, Pengfei Lin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.18216 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2605.18216 https://arxiv.org/html/2605.18216
arXiv:2605.18216v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects play a central role in momentum and energy transport in compressible flows. In conventional BGK kinetic models, the relaxation time $\tau$ is taken as a constant, which neglects the dependence of the relaxation process on local macroscopic states. To overcome this limitation, we develop a discrete Boltzmann model with a density- and temperature-dependent power-law relaxation time, termed DTRT-DBM, in which $\tau=\tau_0(\rho/\rho_0)^a(T/T_0)^b$. This formulation extends the discrete Boltzmann framework to flows with spatially varying nonequilibrium intensity. The model is validated by the Sod shock tube and by analytical solutions for viscous stress and heat flux, demonstrating accurate recovery of both macroscopic wave structures and nonequilibrium quantities across shock waves, rarefaction waves, and contact discontinuities. On this basis, phase diagrams of viscous stress and heat flux are constructed to examine how these quantities depend on the power-law exponents $a$ and $b$. The extrema of these quantities depend exponentially on the model parameters and exhibit regime-dependent behaviour. The roles of $a$ and $b$ are not symmetric: the nonequilibrium response is more sensitive to $a$ when density gradients dominate, but more sensitive to $b$ when temperature gradients dominate. Within the parameter range and flow configurations examined here, higher-order viscous stress increases the growth rate of the total viscous-stress extremum, whereas higher-order heat flux reduces the growth rate of the total heat-flux extremum. These results show that the proposed model can capture different higher-order nonequilibrium responses in compressible flows and provides a framework for the modelling and analysis of multiscale nonequilibrium processes.
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“By its nature, the system is …
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An interview with Mustafa Suleyman on Microsoft's AI reorg, how revising its OpenAI contract "unlocked [Microsoft's] ability to pursue superintelligence", more (Hayden Field/The Verge)
https://www.theverge.com/report/905791/mustafa-s…
An analytical model of Disequilibrium and decentralized productive Exploration
Nazaria Solferino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00718 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.00718 https://arxiv.org/html/2604.00718
arXiv:2604.00718v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This paper studies the economic role of persistent dispersion in allocations across agents. We develop a tractable model in which firms allocate resources under imperfect information and behavioral updating, generating sustained heterogeneity in beliefs and actions. While dispersion induces static misallocation, it also fosters decentralized experimentation, allowing the economy to explore a broader set of productive opportunities. We show that the economy converges to a stationary equilibrium with strictly positive dispersion and that, under plausible conditions, such disequilibrium can dominate the perfectly coordinated benchmark. The model provides a novel interpretation of observed dispersion in productivity and returns as reflecting both inefficiency and productive exploration. It also yields testable predictions linking dispersion to growth and innovation dynamics.
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Courtroom-Style Multi-Agent Debate with Progressive RAG and Role-Switching for Controversial Claim Verification
Masnun Nuha Chowdhury, Nusrat Jahan Beg, Umme Hunny Khan, Syed Rifat Raiyan, Md Kamrul Hasan, Hasan Mahmud
https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28488 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.28488 https://arxiv.org/html/2603.28488
arXiv:2603.28488v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) remain unreliable for high-stakes claim verification due to hallucinations and shallow reasoning. While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and multi-agent debate (MAD) address this, they are limited by one-pass retrieval and unstructured debate dynamics. We propose a courtroom-style multi-agent framework, PROClaim, that reformulates verification as a structured, adversarial deliberation. Our approach integrates specialized roles (e.g., Plaintiff, Defense, Judge) with Progressive RAG (P-RAG) to dynamically expand and refine the evidence pool during the debate. Furthermore, we employ evidence negotiation, self-reflection, and heterogeneous multi-judge aggregation to enforce calibration, robustness, and diversity. In zero-shot evaluations on the Check-COVID benchmark, PROClaim achieves 81.7% accuracy, outperforming standard multi-agent debate by 10.0 percentage points, with P-RAG driving the primary performance gains ( 7.5 pp). We ultimately demonstrate that structural deliberation and model heterogeneity effectively mitigate systematic biases, providing a robust foundation for reliable claim verification. Our code and data are publicly available at https://github.com/mnc13/PROClaim.
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