Tootfinder

An interview with Mustafa Suleyman on Microsoft's AI reorg, how revising its OpenAI contract "unlocked [Microsoft's] ability to pursue superintelligence", more (Hayden Field/The Verge)
https://www.theverge.com/report/905791/mustafa-s…

Microsoft’s new ‘superintelligence’ game plan is all about business
Mustafa Suleyman’s new role at Microsoft AI, post-restructuring, is focused on superintelligence and new frontier models. On Thursday, he debuted a new transcription model.

Public transport in the 15-minute city
https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00699

Public transport in the 15-minute city
The 15-minute city is a powerful planning concept to counter car-dependence by promoting active mobility to amenities and fostering inclusive urban environments. However, this policy has challenges in amenity-poor urban peripheries. Public transport remains underexplored in this discourse despite its role in distant access. Here, we propose a framework that incorporates public transport into the 15-minute city model using openly available data. By comparing Helsinki, Madrid, and Budapest, we de…

From synthetic turbulence to true solutions: A deep diffusion model for discovering periodic orbits in the Navier-Stokes equations
Jeremy P Parker, Tobias M Schneider
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.23181 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.23181 https://arxiv.org/html/2602.23181
arXiv:2602.23181v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Generative artificial intelligence has shown remarkable success in synthesizing data that mimic complex real-world systems, but its potential role in the discovery of mathematically meaningful structures in physical models remains underexplored. In this work, we demonstrate how a generative diffusion model can be used to uncover previously unknown solutions of a nonlinear partial differential equation: the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations in a turbulent regime. Trained on data from a direct numerical simulation of turbulence, the model learns to generate time series that resemble physically plausible trajectories. By carefully modifying the temporal structure of the model and enforcing the symmetries of the governing equations, we produce synthetic trajectories that are periodic in time, despite the fact that the training data did not contain periodic trajectories. These synthetic trajectories are then refined into true solutions using an iterative solver, yielding 111 new periodic orbits (POs) with very short periods. Our results reveal a previously unobserved richness in the PO structure of this system and suggest a broader role for generative AI: not as replacements for simulation and existing solvers, but as a complementary tool for navigating the complex solution spaces of nonlinear dynamical systems.
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An analytical model of Disequilibrium and decentralized productive Exploration
Nazaria Solferino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.00718 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2604.00718 https://arxiv.org/html/2604.00718
arXiv:2604.00718v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This paper studies the economic role of persistent dispersion in allocations across agents. We develop a tractable model in which firms allocate resources under imperfect information and behavioral updating, generating sustained heterogeneity in beliefs and actions. While dispersion induces static misallocation, it also fosters decentralized experimentation, allowing the economy to explore a broader set of productive opportunities. We show that the economy converges to a stationary equilibrium with strictly positive dispersion and that, under plausible conditions, such disequilibrium can dominate the perfectly coordinated benchmark. The model provides a novel interpretation of observed dispersion in productivity and returns as reflecting both inefficiency and productive exploration. It also yields testable predictions linking dispersion to growth and innovation dynamics.
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Say what you will about Steve Jobs, who was •not• a super nice person to work for and a bad role model for management in many many ways, but he did have one superpower that I really miss right now:
He had a stubborn willingness to •not• release things if they just did’t feel right. If it feels wrong, it doesn’t go out the door. With a few notable exceptions (MobileMe!), no deadline mattered as much as that.

Understanding the Role of Rehearsal Scale in Continual Learning under Varying Model Capacities
JinLi He, Liang Bai, Xian Yang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.20791 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.20791 https://arxiv.org/html/2602.20791
arXiv:2602.20791v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Rehearsal is one of the key techniques for mitigating catastrophic forgetting and has been widely adopted in continual learning algorithms due to its simplicity and practicality. However, the theoretical understanding of how rehearsal scale influences learning dynamics remains limited. To address this gap, we formulate rehearsal-based continual learning as a multidimensional effectiveness-driven iterative optimization problem, providing a unified characterization across diverse performance metrics. Within this framework, we derive a closed-form analysis of adaptability, memorability, and generalization from the perspective of rehearsal scale. Our results uncover several intriguing and counterintuitive findings. First, rehearsal can impair model's adaptability, in sharp contrast to its traditionally recognized benefits. Second, increasing the rehearsal scale does not necessarily improve memory retention. When tasks are similar and noise levels are low, the memory error exhibits a diminishing lower bound. Finally, we validate these insights through numerical simulations and extended analyses on deep neural networks across multiple real-world datasets, revealing statistical patterns of rehearsal mechanisms in continual learning.
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Two-dimensional IR-Raman spectroscopy of vibrational polaritons: Role of dipole surfaces
Xinwei Ji, Tomislav Begusic, Tao E. Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24521 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.24521 https://arxiv.org/html/2603.24521
arXiv:2603.24521v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Nonlinear spectroscopy provides a unique perspective to understand time-resolved molecular dynamics under vibrational strong coupling (VSC). Herein, equilibrium-nonequilibrium cavity molecular dynamics simulations are performed to compute the two-dimensional (2D) infrared-infrared-Raman (IIR) spectroscopy of liquid water under VSC. In conventional computational chemistry practices, accurate molecular spectra are often constructed by using an advanced molecular dipole or polarizability model to post-process molecular dynamics trajectories evolved under a computationally efficient potential. By contrast, this work highlights the necessity of employing a consistent dipole surface model in both CavMD simulations and spectroscopic post-processing. While utilizing inconsistent dipole models only mildly influences the linear polariton spectrum, it severely distorts 2D spectra in wide frequency regions. With a consistent dipole-induced-dipole model, compared to the outside-cavity molecular 2D-IIR spectrum, the cavity 2D-IIR spectrum splits the OH stretch band to a pair of polariton branches along only the IR (not Raman) axis, while fading molecular signals at other frequency regions. This work provides the foundation for employing direct CavMD simulations to construct 2D spectra of realistic molecules under VSC.
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Courtroom-Style Multi-Agent Debate with Progressive RAG and Role-Switching for Controversial Claim Verification
Masnun Nuha Chowdhury, Nusrat Jahan Beg, Umme Hunny Khan, Syed Rifat Raiyan, Md Kamrul Hasan, Hasan Mahmud
https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.28488 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.28488 https://arxiv.org/html/2603.28488
arXiv:2603.28488v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) remain unreliable for high-stakes claim verification due to hallucinations and shallow reasoning. While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and multi-agent debate (MAD) address this, they are limited by one-pass retrieval and unstructured debate dynamics. We propose a courtroom-style multi-agent framework, PROClaim, that reformulates verification as a structured, adversarial deliberation. Our approach integrates specialized roles (e.g., Plaintiff, Defense, Judge) with Progressive RAG (P-RAG) to dynamically expand and refine the evidence pool during the debate. Furthermore, we employ evidence negotiation, self-reflection, and heterogeneous multi-judge aggregation to enforce calibration, robustness, and diversity. In zero-shot evaluations on the Check-COVID benchmark, PROClaim achieves 81.7% accuracy, outperforming standard multi-agent debate by 10.0 percentage points, with P-RAG driving the primary performance gains ( 7.5 pp). We ultimately demonstrate that structural deliberation and model heterogeneity effectively mitigate systematic biases, providing a robust foundation for reliable claim verification. Our code and data are publicly available at https://github.com/mnc13/PROClaim.
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So Bad Bunny
isn't a good "role model"
but Kid Rock is?❓
[Verse 3: Kid Rock & Joe-C]
On my cell phone I'm paid, G,
can't call me, just page me
👉Young ladies, young ladies,
I like 'em underage, see
Some say that's statutory
💥(But I say it's mandatory)

Just finished "Match Point!" by Maddie Gallegos, an excellent graphic novel about racquetball, dumpster diving, best friends, and pressure from Dad. The characters and their fromance are super cute, and while I'm sure some might find the ending too happy, I'm usually fine with seeing the aspirational version of relationships because it can serve as a good role model, while other narratives can help explain how to handle worse outcomes.
#AmReading #ReadingNow

Happy 104th birthday 🎂 to my late mom 👵🏼, who was not born on Friday the 13th😱 but was born a bit under a cloud 🌧️. She suffered extreme poverty 💸 during the depression 📉, had way more kids 🧑🏽‍🦱👱🏼‍♂️👩🏼‍🦰 👶🏼 than she planned for (sorry, mom), never got that PhD 📜, or the chocolate brown Mercedes 280SL.
I’m not sure she loved my dad, or her kids, or herself. I should have asked! But she lived a long life and was, for me and a lot of others, a feminist, activist, progressive role model. …

Modeling the mutational dynamics of very short tandem repeats
Amos Onn (Chair of Experimental Medicine and Therapy Research, University of Regensburg, Bioinformatics Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig), Tzipy Marx (Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science), Liming Tao (Cellular Tissue Genomics, Genentech), Tamir Biezuner (Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science), Ehud Shapiro (Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science), Christoph A. Klein (Chair of Experimental Medicine and Therapy Research, University of Regensburg, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Regensburg), Peter F. Stadler (Bioinformatics Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Center for non-coding RNA in Technology and Health, University of Copenhagen, Santa Fe Institute)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.25628 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.25628 https://arxiv.org/html/2603.25628
arXiv:2603.25628v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Short tandem repeats (STRs) are low-entropy regions in the genome, consisting of a short (1-6 bp) unit that is consecutively repeated multiple times. They are known for high mutational instability, due to so-called stutter-mutations, in which the number of units in the run increases or descreases. In particular, STRs with repeat unit length of 1-2 bp are prone to mutate even within several cell divisions. The extremely rapid accumulation of variation makes them interesting phylogenetic markers for retrospective single-cell lineage reconstruction. Here we model their mutational dynamics at the level of individual repeat unit type and then aggregate length variations over many STR loci with the aim of obtaining a very fast ``molecular clock''. We calibrate our model based on several datasets with known lineage structure prepared from cultured cells. We find that the mutational dynamics of STRs are reasonably consistent for a given cell line, but vary among different ones. This suggests that the dynamics are not entirely explained by mutations in caretaker genes, rather, various other factors play a role -- possibly tissue origin and differentiation state. Further data and research is necessary to asses their relative effects.
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On the Generalization Behavior of Deep Residual Networks From a Dynamical System Perspective
Jinshu Huang, Mingfei Sun, Chunlin Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.20921 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.20921 https://arxiv.org/html/2602.20921
arXiv:2602.20921v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have significantly advanced machine learning, with model depth playing a central role in their successes. The dynamical system modeling approach has recently emerged as a powerful framework, offering new mathematical insights into the structure and learning behavior of DNNs. In this work, we establish generalization error bounds for both discrete- and continuous-time residual networks (ResNets) by combining Rademacher complexity, flow maps of dynamical systems, and the convergence behavior of ResNets in the deep-layer limit. The resulting bounds are of order $O(1/\sqrt{S})$ with respect to the number of training samples $S$, and include a structure-dependent negative term, yielding depth-uniform and asymptotic generalization bounds under milder assumptions. These findings provide a unified understanding of generalization across both discrete- and continuous-time ResNets, helping to close the gap in both the order of sample complexity and assumptions between the discrete- and continuous-time settings.
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Crosslisted article(s) found for physics.flu-dyn. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.flu-dyn/new
[1/1]:
- Physics Constrained Neural Collision Operators for Variable Hard Sphere Surrogates and Ab Initio ...
Ehsan Roohi, Ahmad Shoja-Sani, Stefan Stefanov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21244 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_physicscompph_bot/116135902638427987
- Chapman-Enskog expansion for chirally colliding disks
Ruben Lier, Pawe{\l} Matus
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21367 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_condmatsoft_bot/116135969484479808
- Passive freeze-out of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability
J. Strucka, et al.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21375 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_physicsplasmph_bot/116135979972070806
- A CFD-Based Investigation of Local Luminal Curvature as a Primary Determinant of Hemodynamic Envi...
Marcella P. A. Dallavanzi, Jos\'e L. Gasche, Iago L. Oliveira
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21409 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_physicsmedph_bot/116135886905819251
- Unstable magnetic reconnection self-generates turbulence
Nick Williams, Alessandro De Rosis, Alex Skillen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21422 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_physicsplasmph_bot/116135995018666818
- Out-of-time-ordered correlators for turbulent fields: a quantum-classical correspondence
Motoki Nakata
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21710 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_physicsplasmph_bot/116136015335973276
- Particle, kinetic and hydrodynamic models for sea ice floes. Part II: Rotating floes with nonline...
Quanling Deng, Seung-Yeal Ha, Jaemoon Lee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21972 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mathph_bot/116136043517281861
- A consistent phase-averaged model of the interactions between surface gravity waves and currents
Jacques Vanneste, William R. Young
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21976 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_physicsaoph_bot/116135993734282277
- Hydrodynamics of Dense Active Fluids: Turbulence-Like States and the Role of Advected Activity
Sandip Sahoo, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Samriddhi Sankar Ray
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.22044 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_condmatsoft_bot/116136069077151185
- Surrogate models for Rock-Fluid Interaction: A Grid-Size-Invariant Approach
Pinheiro, Guo, Menke, Joshi, Heaney, ElSheikh, Pain
https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.22188 https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csLG_bot/116136497040052377
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A sustainable photocatalytic pathway for concurrent hydrogen and value-added chemical production utilizing microalgae as bio-scavenger in water
Ho Truong Nam Hai, Augusto Ducati Luchessi, Kaveh Edalati
https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.24924 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.24924 https://arxiv.org/html/2603.24924
arXiv:2603.24924v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Microalgae are an abundant bioorganic material source and play a significant role in life on Earth by conducting photosynthesis for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and its conversion to oxygen (O2). In this study, a combination of microalgae as a negative-CO2-emitting sacrificial agent with the traditional photocatalytic water-splitting process using brookite TiO2, as a model photocatalyst, is introduced as a new strategy to maximize green hydrogen (H2) production while converting microalgae to valuable products, like methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide (CO). The process, under optimal conditions, produces up to 0.990 mmol/g.h of H2 without cocatalyst addition and 3.200 mmol/g.h with platinum (Pt) cocatalyst, which is 13 times higher than the production rate without microalgae. The strategy of using microalgae in photocatalysis has high potential in green H2 production, as it not only eliminates valuable hole sacrificial agents, like alcohol, but also produces other useful compounds, like CH4 and CO. Moreover, this sustainable process contributes to CO2 capture and conversion during microalgae cultivation.
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A repeated trap in #cinema is where the director sets out to make a film to expose a villain, but the public embraces them as the hero they had been waiting for. Case in point: Wolf of Wall Street, but even James Bond too, not the films but the books, we were supposed to despise him.
And here today, we have world leaders turning to another fictional role-model:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3D8TEJtQRhw