Tootfinder

SOFT: Selective Data Obfuscation for Protecting LLM Fine-tuning against Membership Inference Attacks
Kaiyuan Zhang, Siyuan Cheng, Hanxi Guo, Yuetian Chen, Zian Su, Shengwei An, Yuntao Du, Charles Fleming, Ashish Kundu, Xiangyu Zhang, Ninghui Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10424

SOFT: Selective Data Obfuscation for Protecting LLM Fine-tuning against Membership Inference Attacks
Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success and are widely adopted for diverse applications. However, fine-tuning these models often involves private or sensitive information, raising critical privacy concerns. In this work, we conduct the first comprehensive study evaluating the vulnerability of fine-tuned LLMs to membership inference attacks (MIAs). Our empirical analysis demonstrates that MIAs exploit the loss reduction during fine-tuning, making them highly effective in re…

Not All Preferences are What You Need for Post-Training: Selective Alignment Strategy for Preference Optimization
Zhijin Dong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07725

Not All Preferences are What You Need for Post-Training: Selective Alignment Strategy for Preference Optimization
Post-training alignment of large language models (LLMs) is a critical challenge, as not all tokens contribute equally to model performance. This paper introduces a selective alignment strategy that prioritizes high-impact tokens within preference pairs, leveraging token-level log-probability differences between the current policy and a reference model. By focusing on these informative tokens, our approach reduces computational overhead and enhances alignment fidelity. We further explore the rol…

Intracortical bipolar stimulation allows selective activation of neuronal populations in the cortex #BCI

Intracortical bipolar stimulation allows selective activation of neuronal populations in the cortex
Background Intracortical electrical stimulation has emerged as a promising approach for sensory restoration, such as a cortical visual prosthesis, yet its effectiveness is limited by current spread and electrode density constraints. Objective To determine whether intracortical bipolar current steering—via modulation of the return electrode position—can enhance neural activation selectivity compared to traditional monopolar stimulation, with the aim of improving spatial precision in sensory…

Selective reflection Casimir-Polder spectroscopy in vapor cells: the influence of the thermal velocity distribution
B. Dutta, C. Boldt, G. Garcia-Arellano, M. Ducloy, P. Pedri, S. Scheel, A. Laliotis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05925

Selective reflection Casimir-Polder spectroscopy in vapor cells: the influence of the thermal velocity distribution
Selective reflection is a high-resolution spectroscopic method that allows the probing of atomic and molecular gases in the near field of dielectric cell windows. It is a sensitive technique for measuring interactions between excited atoms and surfaces, thus providing a unique tool to probe resonant effects in Casimir-Polder physics. The theoretical modelling of selective reflection spectra has thus far employed the infinite Doppler approximation which assumes that the Doppler shift dominates o…

Single Cu Atom Sites on Co3O4 Activate Interfacial Oxygen for Enhanced Reactivity and Selective Gas Sensing at Low Temperature
Hamin Shin, Matteo D'Andria, Jaehyun Ko, Dong-Ha Kim, Frank Krumeich, Andreas T. Guentner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09761

Single Cu Atom Sites on Co3O4 Activate Interfacial Oxygen for Enhanced Reactivity and Selective Gas Sensing at Low Temperature
Controlling the redox landscape of transition metal oxides is central to advancing their reactivity for heterogeneous catalysis or high-performance gas sensing. Here we report single Cu atom sites (1.42 wt%) anchored on Co3O4 nanoparticles (Cu1-Co3O4) that dramatically enhance reactivity and molecular sensing properties of the support at low temperature. The Cu1 are identified by X-ray adsorption near edge structure and feature strong metal-support interaction between Cu2+ and Co3O4, as reveale…

Donald Trump's selective 'travel ban' targets African countries
https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2025/06/07/donald-trump-s-selective-travel-ban-targets-african-countries_6742095_4.html

Edge State Selective Measurement of Quantum Hall Dispersions
Henok Weldeyesus, Taras Patlatiuk, Qianqian Chen, Christian P. Scheller, Amir Yacoby, Loren N. Pfeiffer, Ken W. West, Dominik M. Zumb\"uhl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07905

Edge State Selective Measurement of Quantum Hall Dispersions
Edge states reflect the key physical properties yet are difficult to probe individually, particularly when several states are present at an edge. We present momentum resolved tunneling spectroscopy between a quantum well and a quantum wire to extract the dispersions of the quantum Hall edge states. Momentum and energy selective tunneling allows to separately address the different states even if they are spatially overlapping. This delivers the edge state velocities over broad ranges of magnetic…

Crazy scientific instrument idea with probably limited practical use: inverse spectrometer.
Broadband light source (halogen lamp etc), collimating lens, slit, prism, then transmissive LCD to provide selective attenuation at each spectral bin and some kind of focusing optics to combine the resulting light back into a single beam.
Do a bit of calibration for system losses and the light source spectrim and you end up with a device where you can load in a spectrum of an arbitrary lig…

Advances in Intelligent Hearing Aids: Deep Learning Approaches to Selective Noise Cancellation
Haris Khan, Shumaila Asif, Hassan Nasir
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07043

Advances in Intelligent Hearing Aids: Deep Learning Approaches to Selective Noise Cancellation
The integration of artificial intelligence into hearing assistance marks a paradigm shift from traditional amplification-based systems to intelligent, context-aware audio processing. This systematic literature review evaluates advances in AI-driven selective noise cancellation (SNC) for hearing aids, highlighting technological evolution, implementation challenges, and future research directions. We synthesize findings across deep learning architectures, hardware deployment strategies, clinical …

Deep Potential-Driven Molecular Dynamics of CO Ice Analogues: Investigating Desorption Following Vibrational Excitation
Maxime Infuso, Samuel Del Fr\'e, Gilberto A. Alou, Mathieu Bertin, Jean-Hugues Fillion, Alejandro Rivero Santamar\'ia, Maurice Monnerville
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10882…

Deep Potential-Driven Molecular Dynamics of CO Ice Analogues: Investigating Desorption Following Vibrational Excitation
We present a new deep learning-based machine learning potential (MLP) for molecular dynamics simulations of solid carbon monoxide (CO), capable of accurately describing CO vibrations both in the fundamental state and in highly excited vibrational states, up to approximately v = 40. The MLP is based on the combination of high-dimensional neural network atomic potentials using the DeePMD-kit package, trained on prior ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) data, with selective treatment of the excite…

Fine-Grained Motion Compression and Selective Temporal Fusion for Neural B-Frame Video Coding
Xihua Sheng, Peilin Chen, Meng Wang, Li Zhang, Shiqi Wang, Dapeng Oliver Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07709

Fine-Grained Motion Compression and Selective Temporal Fusion for Neural B-Frame Video Coding
With the remarkable progress in neural P-frame video coding, neural B-frame coding has recently emerged as a critical research direction. However, most existing neural B-frame codecs directly adopt P-frame coding tools without adequately addressing the unique challenges of B-frame compression, leading to suboptimal performance. To bridge this gap, we propose novel enhancements for motion compression and temporal fusion for neural B-frame coding. First, we design a fine-grained motion compressio…

If only landlords elsewhere in #GreaterManchester were selective.
'We’re being picky - it can't be filled with vape shops and barbers' - Manchester Evening News
…

'We’re being picky - it can't be filled with vape shops and barbers'
A developer has said it is ‘being picky’ about who moves into the commercial space at a new town centre flagship complex

High-throughput polarization-independent spatial mode shaping with mode-selective photonic lanterns
Harikumar K Chandrasekharan, Ross Donaldson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08595

High-throughput polarization-independent spatial mode shaping with mode-selective photonic lanterns
Coherent interference in multimode photonic systems offers a transformative approach for scalable, high-fidelity optical control, enabling precise beam shaping, efficient power delivery, and advanced signal processing through single-mode performance. Current techniques are often constrained to a single polarization state of light, system complexity, and the fabrication challenges associated with precise waveguide structures. Here, we present a high-efficiency coherent combination scheme employi…

Detecting Evolutionary Change-Points with Branch-Specific Substitution Models and Shrinkage Priors
Xiang Ji, Benjamin Redelings, Shuo Su, Hongcun Bao, Wu-Min Deng, Samuel L. Hong, Guy Baele, Philippe Lemey, Marc A. Suchard
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08386

Detecting Evolutionary Change-Points with Branch-Specific Substitution Models and Shrinkage Priors
Branch-specific substitution models are popular for detecting evolutionary change-points, such as shifts in selective pressure. However, applying such models typically requires prior knowledge of change-point locations on the phylogeny or faces scalability issues with large data sets. To address both limitations, we integrate branch-specific substitution models with shrinkage priors to automatically identify change-points without prior knowledge, while simultaneously estimating distinct substit…

Minimum Selective Subset on Some Graph Classes
Bubai Manna
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00235 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.00235

Minimum Selective Subset on Some Graph Classes
In a connected simple graph G = (V(G),E(G)), each vertex is assigned a color from the set of colors C={1, 2,..., c}. The set of vertices V(G) is partitioned as V_1, V_2, ... ,V_c, where all vertices in V_j share the same color j. A subset S of V(G) is called Selective Subset if, for every vertex v in V(G), and if v is in V_j, at least one of its nearest neighbors in (S union (V(G)\ V_j)) has the same color as v. The Minimum Selective Subset (MSS) problem seeks to find a selective subset of mini…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.19912 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csCL_…

APE: Selective Fine-tuning with Acceptance Criteria for Language Model Adaptation
We present Adjacent Possible Exploration (APE), a selective fine-tuning method for adapting large language models that systematically explores parameter modifications while maintaining model stability. Inspired by evolutionary optimization principles, APE evaluates multiple candidate parameter updates through fine-tuning on small data subsets and accepts only those exceeding a performance threshold. Unlike standard fine-tuning that follows single gradient directions, APE implements a filtered s…

VP-SelDoA: Visual-prompted Selective DoA Estimation of Target Sound via Semantic-Spatial Matching
Yu Chen, Xinyuan Qian, Hongxu Zhu, Jiadong Wang, Kainan Chen, Haizhou Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07384

VP-SelDoA: Visual-prompted Selective DoA Estimation of Target Sound via Semantic-Spatial Matching
Audio-visual sound source localization (AV-SSL) identifies the position of a sound source by exploiting the complementary strengths of auditory and visual signals. However, existing AV-SSL methods encounter three major challenges: 1) inability to selectively isolate the target sound source in multi-source scenarios, 2) misalignment between semantic visual features and spatial acoustic features, and 3) overreliance on paired audio-visual data. To overcome these limitations, we introduce Cross-In…

Ising superconductivity in bulk layered non-centrosymmetric 4H-NbSe2
Chandan Patra, Tarushi Agarwal, Rahul Verma, Poulami Manna, Shashank Srivastava, Ravi Shankar Singh, Mathias S. Scheurer, Bahadur Singh, Ravi Prakash Singh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09413

Ising superconductivity in bulk layered non-centrosymmetric 4H-NbSe2
Transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit multiple polymorphs that enable the exploration of diverse quantum states, including valley-selective spin polarization, the valley Hall effect, Ising superconductivity, and nontrivial topology. Monolayer 2$H$-NbSe$_2$ is a promising candidate for realizing Ising superconductivity due to its spin-split, out-of-plane spin-polarized states arising from inversion symmetry breaking and strong spin-orbit coupling. In contrast, bulk 2$H$-NbSe$_2$ retains inver…

Fully integrated automatic reusable microfluidic setup for immobilization, analysis and non-selective release of particles
Alexandre Chargueraud, Lars Kool, Jacques Fattaccioli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06241

Fully integrated automatic reusable microfluidic setup for immobilization, analysis and non-selective release of particles
We present a microfluidic device that enables trapping, analysis, and on-demand release of individual microparticles through membrane deformation driven by pneumatic actuation. Inspired by Pachinko-style architectures, the system features an array of traps supported by a deformable PDMS membrane, actuated via pressure control in a pneumatic chamber bonded above. Unlike conventional rigid designs, our configuration enhances membrane flexibility using a wide elliptical cavity and suspended rectil…

Flexible Selective Inference with Flow-based Transport Maps
Sifan Liu, Snigdha Panigrahi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01150 https://arx…

Flexible Selective Inference with Flow-based Transport Maps
Data-carving methods perform selective inference by conditioning the distribution of data on the observed selection event. However, existing data-carving approaches typically require an analytically tractable characterization of the selection event. This paper introduces a new method that leverages tools from flow-based generative modeling to approximate a potentially complex conditional distribution, even when the underlying selection event lacks an analytical description -- take, for example,…

Enhancing Customer Service Chatbots with Context-Aware NLU through Selective Attention and Multi-task Learning
Subhadip Nandi, Neeraj Agrawal, Anshika Singh, Priyanka Bhatt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01781

Enhancing Customer Service Chatbots with Context-Aware NLU through Selective Attention and Multi-task Learning
Customer service chatbots are conversational systems aimed at addressing customer queries, often by directing them to automated workflows. A crucial aspect of this process is the classification of the customer's intent. Presently, most intent classification models for customer care utilise only customer query for intent prediction. This may result in low-accuracy models, which cannot handle ambiguous queries. An ambiguous query like "I didn't receive my package" could indicate a delayed order, …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.14759 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csSE_…

LEANCODE: Understanding Models Better for Code Simplification of Pre-trained Large Language Models
Large Language Models for code often entail significant computational complexity, which grows significantly with the length of the input code sequence. We propose LeanCode for code simplification to reduce training and prediction time, leveraging code contexts in utilizing attention scores to represent the tokens' importance. We advocate for the selective removal of tokens based on the average context-aware attention scores rather than average scores across all inputs. LeanCode uses the attenti…

Attitude Estimation Using Scalar Measurements
Hassan Alnahhal, Sifeddine Benahmed, Soulaimane Berkane, Tarel Hamel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.07068 https:/…

Attitude Estimation Using Scalar Measurements
This paper revisits the problem of orientation estimation for rigid bodies through a novel framework based on scalar measurements. Unlike traditional vector-based methods, the proposed approach enables selective utilization of only the reliable axes of vector measurements while seamlessly incorporating alternative scalar modalities such as Pitot tubes, barometers with range sensors, and landmark-based constraints. The estimation problem is reformulated within a linear time-varying (LTV) framewo…

A Sharp and Robust Test for Selective Reporting
Stefan Faridani
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20035 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.20035

A Sharp and Robust Test for Selective Reporting
This paper proposes a test that is consistent against every detectable form of selective reporting and remains interpretable even when the t-scores are not exactly normal. The test statistic is the distance between the smoothed empirical t-curve and the set of all t-curves that would be possible in the absence of any selective reporting. This novel projection test can only be evaded in large meta-samples by selective reporting that also evades all other valid tests of restrictions on the t-curv…

Reconstructing Biological Pathways by Applying Selective Incremental Learning to (Very) Small Language Models
Pranta Saha, Joyce Reimer, Brook Byrns, Connor Burbridge, Neeraj Dhar, Jeffrey Chen, Steven Rayan, Gordon Broderick
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04432

Reconstructing Biological Pathways by Applying Selective Incremental Learning to (Very) Small Language Models
The use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) models is becoming ubiquitous in many fields. Though progress continues to be made, general purpose large language AI models (LLM) show a tendency to deliver creative answers, often called "hallucinations", which have slowed their application in the medical and biomedical fields where accuracy is paramount. We propose that the design and use of much smaller, domain and even task-specific LM may be a more rational and appropriate use of this tec…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.02333 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_qbi…

On The Causal Network Of Face-selective Regions In Human Brain During Movie Watching
Understanding the causal interactions in some brain tasks, such as face processing, remains a challenging and ambiguous process for researchers. In this study, we address this issue by employing a novel causal discovery method -Directed Acyclic Graphs via M-matrices for Acyclicity (DAGMA)- to investigate the causal structure of the brain's face-selective network and gain deeper insights into its mechanism. Using fMRI data of natural movie stimuli, we extract causal network of face-selective reg…

Valuing Diffuse Global Public Goods from Satellite Constellations: Evidence from GPS and Airline Delays
Lev Ricanati
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08209 https…

Valuing Diffuse Global Public Goods from Satellite Constellations: Evidence from GPS and Airline Delays
This paper studies the welfare impact of discrete improvements to global public goods in the context of the Global Positioning System (GPS). Specifically, I find that by disabling Selective Availability in May, 2000, and thus significantly increasing the accuracy of GPS, the United States generated at least \$268 million (2000 dollars) of additional welfare gains. To quantify this welfare impact, I apply a difference-in-differences model to the Bureau of Transportation Statistics's Airline On-T…

Self-Steering Deep Non-Linear Spatially Selective Filters for Efficient Extraction of Moving Speakers under Weak Guidance
Jakob Kienegger, Alina Mannanova, Huajian Fang, Timo Gerkmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02791

Self-Steering Deep Non-Linear Spatially Selective Filters for Efficient Extraction of Moving Speakers under Weak Guidance
Recent works on deep non-linear spatially selective filters demonstrate exceptional enhancement performance with computationally lightweight architectures for stationary speakers of known directions. However, to maintain this performance in dynamic scenarios, resource-intensive data-driven tracking algorithms become necessary to provide precise spatial guidance conditioned on the initial direction of a target speaker. As this additional computational overhead hinders application in resource-con…

A Chimera method for high-fidelity simulation of turbulent flows
Andrea Di Mascio, Sergio Pirozzoli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05914 https://

A Chimera method for high-fidelity simulation of turbulent flows
We develop a block-structured solver for high-fidelity simulation of flows in complex geometries, based on overlapping (Chimera) meshes. The key components of the algorithm are a baseline dissipation-free central discretization and selective high-order filtering, which ensure uniform accuracy and minimal numerical diffusion. These favorable properties are preserved through efficient interpolation across overlapping blocks. Numerical tests demonstrate that the method guarantees a uniform order o…

Ground state exciton-polariton condensation by coherent Floquet driving
Alexander Kuznetsov, Ignacio Carraro-Haddad, Gonzalo Usaj, Klaus Biermann, Alejandro Fainstein, Paulo V. Santos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05874

Ground state exciton-polariton condensation by coherent Floquet driving
The on-demand selective population transfer between states in multilevel quantum systems is a challenging problem with implications for a wide-range of physical platforms including photon and exciton-polariton Bose- Einstein condensates (BECs). Here, we introduce an universal strategy for this selective transfer based on a strong time-periodic energy modulation, which is experimentally demonstrated by using a GHz acoustic wave to control the gain and loss of confined modes of an exciton-polarit…

Motility-dependent selective transport of active matter in trap arrays: Separation methods based on trapping-detrapping and deterministic lateral displacement
Vyacheslav R. Misko, Franco Nori, Wim De Malsche
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23882

Motility-dependent selective transport of active matter in trap arrays: Separation methods based on trapping-detrapping and deterministic lateral displacement
Selecting active matter based on its motility represents a challenging task, as it requires different approaches than common separation techniques intended for separation based on, e.g., size, shape, density, and flexibility. This motility-based selection is important for, e.g., selecting biological species, such as bacteria or highly motile sperm cells for medically assisted reproduction. Common separation techniques are not applicable for separating species based on motility as such species c…

Enhancing Satellite Quantum Key Distribution with Dual Band Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
Muhammad Khalil, Ke Wang, Jinho Choi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03246

Enhancing Satellite Quantum Key Distribution with Dual Band Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
This paper presents a novel system architecture for hybrid satellite communications, integrating quantum key distribution (QKD) and classical radio frequency (RF) data transmission using a dual-band reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). The motivation is to address the growing need for global, secure, and reliable communications by leveraging the security of quantum optical links and the robustness of classical RF channels within a unified framework. By employing a frequency-selective RIS, …

A Pyridyl-Benzimidazole Based Ruthenium(II) Complex as Optical Sensor: Targeted Cyanide Detection and Live Cell Imaging Applications
Sudhanshu Naithani, Franck Thetiot, Vikas Yadav, Saakshi Saini, Partha Roy, Samar Layek, Tapas Goswami, Sushil Kumar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04965

A Pyridyl-Benzimidazole Based Ruthenium(II) Complex as Optical Sensor: Targeted Cyanide Detection and Live Cell Imaging Applications
The extreme toxicity of cyanide (\ce{CN^-}) ions in diverse environmental media has garnered significant attention toward the design of well-organized molecular probes for their selective and sensitive detection. In this context, we present a monometallic Ru(II) complex (Ru-1), based on the 2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole moiety, acting as a highly selective luminescent probe for \ce{CN^-} recognition in pure water. Additionally, Ru-1 also functions as an efficient sensor for \ce{F^-}, \c…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.03857 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

An Excursion with Divergence Properties
In this note, we compare and contrast various selective divergence properties such as the properties of being discretely selective and selectively highly divergent. We identify and incorporate a class of subsemigroups of the semigroup of strictly increasing maps from the naturals to themselves. We investigate certain implications for hyperspaces of finite subsets and characterize the closed discrete selection game on a space in terms of a particular selection game on the Vietoris hyperspace of …

sunset, n.:
Pronounced atmospheric scattering of shorter wavelengths,
resulting in selective transmission below 650 nanometers with
progressively reducing solar elevation.

SR-NCL: an Area-/Energy-Efficient Resilient NCL Architecture Based on Selective Redundancy
Hasnain A. Ziad, Alexander C. Bodoh, Ashiq A. Sakib
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15634

SR-NCL: an Area-/Energy-Efficient Resilient NCL Architecture Based on Selective Redundancy
Duplication-based redundancy schemes have proven to be effective in designing fully-resilient Quasi-delay Insensitive (QDI) asynchronous circuits. The complete resiliency, however, is accompanied by significant energy, latency, and area overhead. This paper presents a novel error-tolerant Null Convention Logic (NCL) architecture based on selective redundancy. Results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed method in terms of area and energy utilization as compared to existing duplication-based…

InceptionMamba: Efficient Multi-Stage Feature Enhancement with Selective State Space Model for Microscopic Medical Image Segmentation
Daniya Najiha Abdul Kareem, Abdul Hannan, Mubashir Noman, Jean Lahoud, Mustansar Fiaz, Hisham Cholakkal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12208

InceptionMamba: Efficient Multi-Stage Feature Enhancement with Selective State Space Model for Microscopic Medical Image Segmentation
Accurate microscopic medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in diagnosing various cancerous cells and identifying tumors. Driven by advancements in deep learning, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and transformer-based models have been extensively studied to enhance receptive fields and improve medical image segmentation task. However, they often struggle to capture complex cellular and tissue structures in challenging scenarios such as background clutter and object overlap. Moreove…

Mass-transport-limited reaction rates and molecular diffusion in the van der Waals gap beneath graphene
Hossein Mirdamadi, Ji\v{r}\'i David, Rui Wang, Tianle Jiang, Yanming Wang, Karel Va\v{r}eka, Michal Dym\'a\v{c}ek, Petr B\'abor, Tom\'a\v{s} \v{S}ikola, Miroslav Kol\'ibal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07479…

Mass-transport-limited reaction rates and molecular diffusion in the van der Waals gap beneath graphene
The confinement of molecules within the van der Waals (vdW) gap between a two-dimensional 2D material and a catalytic substrate offers a promising route toward the development of molecule-selective catalysts with increased reaction rates. However, identifying the kinetic limitations of such confined reactions remains challenging. Here, we employ an inverted wedding-cake configuration of multilayer graphene on platinum to study the dynamics of graphene etching in the vdW gap by various molecules…

Super-resolving frequency measurement with mode-selective quantum memory
Shicheng Zhang, Aonan Zhang, Ilse Maillette de Buy Wenniger, Paul M. Burdekin, Steven Sagona-Stophel, Anindya Rastogi, Sarah E. Thomas, Ian A. Walmsley
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20514

Super-resolving frequency measurement with mode-selective quantum memory
High-precision optical frequency measurement is indispensable to modern science and technology, yet conventional spectroscopic techniques struggle to resolve spectral features narrower than their bandwidth. Here, we introduce a unique platform for super-resolving frequency estimation utilizing a mode-selective atomic Raman quantum memory implemented in warm cesium vapor. By precisely engineering the light-matter interaction, our memory coherently stores the optimal temporal mode with high fidel…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03978 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csCL_…

Structured Pruning for Diverse Best-of-N Reasoning Optimization
Model pruning in transformer-based language models, traditionally viewed as a means of achieving computational savings, can enhance the model's reasoning capabilities. In this work, we uncover a surprising phenomenon: the selective pruning of certain attention heads leads to improvements in reasoning performance, particularly on challenging tasks. Motivated by this observation, we propose SPRINT, a novel contrastive learning framework that dynamically selects the optimal head and layer to prune…

Repulsive particle interactions enable selective information processing at cellular interfaces
Jenna Elliott, Hiral Shah, Roman Belousov, Gautam Dey, Anna Erzberger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14739

Repulsive particle interactions enable selective information processing at cellular interfaces
Living systems relay information across membrane interfaces to coordinate compartment functions. We identify a physical mechanism for selective information transmission that arises from the sigmoidal response of surface-bound particle densities to spatial features of adjacent external structures. This mechanism implements a form of spatial thresholding, enabling the binary classification of external cues. Expansion microscopy measurements of nuclear pore complex distributions in S. arctica show…

SABRE-FL: Selective and Accurate Backdoor Rejection for Federated Prompt Learning
Momin Ahmad Khan, Yasra Chandio, Fatima Muhammad Anwar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22506

SABRE-FL: Selective and Accurate Backdoor Rejection for Federated Prompt Learning
Federated Prompt Learning has emerged as a communication-efficient and privacy-preserving paradigm for adapting large vision-language models like CLIP across decentralized clients. However, the security implications of this setup remain underexplored. In this work, we present the first study of backdoor attacks in Federated Prompt Learning. We show that when malicious clients inject visually imperceptible, learnable noise triggers into input images, the global prompt learner becomes vulnerable …

Binary Self-Selective Voting Rules
H\'ector Hermida-Rivera, Toygar T. Kerman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15265 https://arxiv.org/p…

Binary Self-Selective Voting Rules
This paper introduces a novel binary stability property for voting rules-called binary self-selectivity-by which a society considering whether to replace its voting rule using itself in pairwise elections will choose not to do so. In Theorem 1, we show that a neutral voting rule is binary self-selective if and only if it is universally self-selective. We then use this equivalence to show, in Corollary 1, that under the unrestricted strict preference domain, a unanimous and neutral voting rule i…

Ultrafast Orbital-Selective Photodoping Melts Charge Order in Overdoped Bi-based Cuprates
Xinyi Jiang, Qizhi Li, Qingzheng Qiu, Li Yue, Junhan Huang, Yiwen Chen, Byungjune Lee, Hyeongi Choi, Xingjiang Zhou, Tao Dong, Nanlin Wang, Hoyoung Jang, Yingying Peng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04697…

Ultrafast Orbital-Selective Photodoping Melts Charge Order in Overdoped Bi-based Cuprates
High-temperature superconductivity in cuprates remains one of the enduring puzzles of condensed matter physics, with charge order (CO) playing a central yet elusive role, particularly in the overdoped regime. Here, we employ time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant X-ray scattering at a free-electron laser to probe the transient electronic density of states and ultrafast CO dynamics in overdoped (Bi,Pb)$_{2.12}$Sr$_{1.88}$CuO$_{6+δ}$. We reveal a striking pump laser wavelength …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.15304 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csRO_…

Saliency-Aware Quantized Imitation Learning for Efficient Robotic Control
Deep neural network (DNN)-based policy models, such as vision-language-action (VLA) models, excel at automating complex decision-making from multi-modal inputs. However, scaling these models greatly increases computational overhead, complicating deployment in resource-constrained settings like robot manipulation and autonomous driving. To address this, we propose Saliency-Aware Quantized Imitation Learning (SQIL), which combines quantization-aware training with a selective loss-weighting strate…

PANDAS: Peer-to-peer, Adaptive Networking for Data Availability Sampling within Ethereum Consensus Timebounds
Matthieu Pigaglio, Onur Ascigil, Micha{\l} Kr\'ol, Sergi Rene, Felix Lange, Kaleem Peeroo, Ramin Sadre, Vladimir Stankovic, Etienne Rivi\`ere
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00824…

PANDAS: Peer-to-peer, Adaptive Networking for Data Availability Sampling within Ethereum Consensus Timebounds
Layer-2 protocols can assist Ethereum's limited throughput, but globally broadcasting layer-2 data limits their scalability. The Danksharding evolution of Ethereum aims to support the selective distribution of layer-2 data, whose availability in the network is verified using randomized data availability sampling (DAS). Integrating DAS into Ethereum's consensus process is challenging, as pieces of layer-2 data must be disseminated and sampled within four seconds of the beginning of each consensu…

Pressure-Driven Metallicity in {\AA}ngstr\"om-Thickness 2D Bismuth and Layer-Selective Ohmic Contact to MoS2
Shuhua Wang, Shibo Fang, Qiang Li, Yunliang Yue, Zongmeng Yang, Xiaotian Sun, Jing Lu, Chit Siong Lau, L. K. Ang, Lain-Jong Li, Yee Sin Ang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05133

Pressure-Driven Metallicity in Ångström-Thickness 2D Bismuth and Layer-Selective Ohmic Contact to MoS2
Recent fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) metallic bismuth (Bi) via van der Waals (vdW) squeezing method opens a new avenue to ultrascaling metallic materials into the ångström-thickness regime [Nature 639, 354 (2025)]. However, freestanding 2D Bi is typically known to exhibit a semiconducting phase [Nature 617, 67 (2023), Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 236801 (2023)], which contradicts with the experimentally observed metallicity in vdW-squeezed 2D Bi. Here we show that such discrepancy originates f…

The receptron is a nonlinear threshold logic gate with intrinsic multi-dimensional selective capabilities for analog inputs
B. Paroli, F. Borghi, M. A. C. Potenza, P. Milani
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19642

The receptron is a nonlinear threshold logic gate with intrinsic multi-dimensional selective capabilities for analog inputs
Threshold logic gates (TLGs) have been proposed as artificial counterparts of biological neurons with classification capabilities based on a linear predictor function combining a set of weights with the feature vector. The linearity of TLGs limits their classification capabilities requiring the use of networks for the accomplishment of complex tasks. A generalization of the TLG model called receptron, characterized by input-dependent weight functions allows for a significant enhancement of clas…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20448 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arX…

In situ photoemission study of collective electronic phase transition in VO2-based heterostructures
We investigated the origin of collective electronic phase transitions induced at the heterointerface between monoclinic insulating (MI) VO2 and rutile metallic (RM) electron-doped VO2 layers using in situ soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SXPES) on nanoscale VO2/V0.99W0.01O2 (001)R bilayers. Thanks to the surface sensitivity of SXPES, we determined the changes in the electronic structure and V-V dimerization in each constituent layer separately. The selective observation of the electronic …

Selective filtering of multi-photon events from a single-photon emitter
Friedrich Sbresny, Carolin Calcagno, Sang Kyu Kim, Katarina Boos, William Rauhaus, Frederik Bopp, Hubert Riedl, Jonathan J. Finley, Eduardo Zubizarreta Casalengua, Kai M\"uller
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22378

Selective filtering of multi-photon events from a single-photon emitter
Single-photon purity is one of the most important key metrics of many quantum states of light. For applications in photonic quantum technologies, e.g. quantum communication and linear optical quantum computing, a minimization of the multi-photon error rate is required because of its error-introducing nature. Ultimately, the purity of state-of-the-art single-photon sources was found to be limited by spontaneous emission and subsequent reexcitation during the interaction with the driving field. H…

To give some examples:
When police get vastly differential results at investigating crimes against some groups (e.g., Black women) vs. others (e.g., white men), that's malcompetence. Probably plenty of simple malice involved too, and probably the whole gamut of mechanisms I mentioned in the last post are involved here.
Another example, from my own experience: when I stumble over the names of my non-white students but pronounce my white students' names flawlessly, that's malcompetence on my part, because the net effect of my selective incompetence is to make some students feel less welcome in my classroom, which hurts their learning. I'm my case, the reasons for the incompetence are not conscious nor (I think) unconscious malice, but instead a differential capability picked up from a certain kind of upbringing and then (sometimes) insufficiently mitigated by capability-building effort. Because of how I grew up, my ability to pronounce different names is biased (this is true of everyone in the world; most people don't have a classroom instructor position that causes it to matter so much). When I'm successful at mitigating my malcompetence, I use practice time with student intro videos to pare down my competence gap for the specific students in my class. This is time consuming (several hours per week for the first few weeks of classes) and I'm sad to admit that I don't always invest that time. But it's a great example of malcompetence because I have a introspective access to it.

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22649 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csIR_…

Pre-training for Recommendation Unlearning
Modern recommender systems powered by Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel at modeling complex user-item interactions, yet increasingly face scenarios requiring selective forgetting of training data. Beyond user requests to remove specific interactions due to privacy concerns or preference changes, regulatory frameworks mandate recommender systems' ability to eliminate the influence of certain user data from models. This recommendation unlearning challenge presents unique difficulties as removing…

Ultrafast All-optical control of Multiple Light Degrees of Freedom through Mode-mixing in a Graphene Nanoribbon Metamaterial
Nikolaos Matthaiakakis, Sotiris Droulias, George Kakarantzas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06809

Ultrafast All-optical control of Multiple Light Degrees of Freedom through Mode-mixing in a Graphene Nanoribbon Metamaterial
The evolution of optical technologies necessitates advanced solutions for selective and dynamic manipulation of light's degrees of freedom, including amplitude, phase, polarization, wavelength, and angular momentum. Metamaterials can offer such control through the interplay between the intrinsic material and geometrical properties of nanostructures or extrinsically through excitation and detection symmetry breaking, leading to customizable performance. However, achieving dynamic control over mu…

COIN: Uncertainty-Guarding Selective Question Answering for Foundation Models with Provable Risk Guarantees
Zhiyuan Wang, Jinhao Duan, Qingni Wang, Xiaofeng Zhu, Tianlong Chen, Xiaoshuang Shi, Kaidi Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20178

COIN: Uncertainty-Guarding Selective Question Answering for Foundation Models with Provable Risk Guarantees
Uncertainty quantification (UQ) for foundation models is essential to identify and mitigate potential hallucinations in automatically generated text. However, heuristic UQ approaches lack formal guarantees for key metrics such as the false discovery rate (FDR) in selective prediction. Previous work adopts the split conformal prediction (SCP) framework to ensure desired coverage of admissible answers by constructing prediction sets, but these sets often contain incorrect candidates, limiting the…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.12911 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csCR_…

A Selective Homomorphic Encryption Approach for Faster Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning
Federated learning (FL) has come forward as a critical approach for privacy-preserving machine learning in healthcare, allowing collaborative model training across decentralized medical datasets without exchanging clients' data. However, current security implementations for these systems face a fundamental trade-off: rigorous cryptographic protections like fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) impose prohibitive computational overhead, while lightweight alternatives risk vulnerable data leakage th…

PlanTUS: A heuristic tool for prospective planning of transcranial ultrasound transducer placements
Maximilian Lueckel, Suhas Vijayakumar, Til Ole Bergmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22563

PlanTUS: A heuristic tool for prospective planning of transcranial ultrasound transducer placements
Low-intensity focused transcranial ultrasonic stimulation (TUS) offers unique depth and precision in non-invasive brain stimulation. Effective administration of TUS, however, requires precise placement of transducers to ensure selective neural target exposure and engagement. This process is constrained by individual skull anatomy, hardware limitations, as well as computational and time costs of running exhaustive acoustic simulations to optimize transducer placement. To address these challenges…

Magnetoresistance effect based on spin-selective transport in nanodevices using chiral molecules
Mizuki Matsuzaka, Kotaro Kashima, Koki Terai, Takumi Ueda, Ryunosuke Miyamoto, Takashi Yamamoto, Kohei Sambe, Tomoyuki Akutagawa, Hideo Kaiju
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23656

Magnetoresistance effect based on spin-selective transport in nanodevices using chiral molecules
Recently, chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) has been observed in chiral molecules and is attractive for application in magnetoresistance (MR) devices. In this study, we fabricate CISS-based nanodevices consisting of chiral molecules sandwiched between Ni78Fe22 and Au electrodes. Prior to device fabrication, we have synthesized the chiral molecule N-(3S)-3,7-dimethyloctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene-2-carboxyamide (S-BTBT-CONHR) and established a method for fabricating nanodevice …

Selective Excitation of Coupled Resonators via Complex Frequency Driving: Enhanced Efficiency and Crosstalk Suppression
Deepanshu Trivedi, Laraib Niaz, Andrea Al\`u, Alex Krasnok
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02207

Selective Excitation of Coupled Resonators via Complex Frequency Driving: Enhanced Efficiency and Crosstalk Suppression
Controlling individual elements of coupled resonator systems poses a significant challenge, as conventional real-frequency pulses suffer from inefficiency and crosstalk, limiting fidelity and scalability. To address this challenge, we propose and explore the use of complex frequency excitations, tailoring the driving signal waveform to match the target complex reflection zeros. We demonstrate that complex frequency driving can achieve near-unity selected energy storage efficiency (100%) in a si…

All-electrically controlled spintronics in altermagnetic heterostructures
Pei-Hao Fu, Qianqian Lv, Yong Xu, Jorge Cayao, Jun-Feng Liu, Xiang-Long Yu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05504

All-electrically controlled spintronics in altermagnetic heterostructures
The recent development of altermagnetic materials, supporting spin splitting without net magnetization, opens new directions for spintronics that are fundamentally distinct from conventional ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, or spin-orbit coupling systems. Here we investigate spin-selective quantum transport in heterostructures composed of a normal metal and a two-dimensional $d$-wave altermagnet. We focus on two types of $d$-wave altermagnets, namely, weak and strong altermagnets that support …

Replaced article(s) found for cs.DB. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.DB/new
[1/1]:
- Selective Use of Yannakakis' Algorithm to Improve Query Performance: Machine Learning to the Rescue
B\"ohm, Gottlob, Lanzinger, Longo, Okulmus, Pichler, Selzer

Electronic structure reorganization in MPS3 via d-shell-selective alkali metal doping
Jonah Elias Nitschke, Preeti Bhumla, Till Willershausen, Patrick Merisescu, David Janas, Lasse Sternemann, Michael Gutnikov, Karl Schiller, Valentin Mischke, Michele Capra, Mira Sophie Arndt, Silvana Botti, Mirko Cinchetti
https://arxiv.org/abs…

Electronic structure reorganization in MPS3 via d-shell-selective alkali metal doping
Semiconducting two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition-metal thiophosphates (MPS3) offer promising opportunities for spintronic applications due to their highly tunable electronic properties. While alloying and intercalation have been shown to modulate ground states, the role of d-shell filling in governing these transitions remains insufficiently understood. Here, we investigate electron doping effects in MPS3 using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), X-ray photo…

Plasmonically Enhanced Flexural-Mode AlScN Nanoplate Resonator as Uncooled and Ultrafast IR Detector with High Responsivity
Aurelio Venditti, Walter Gubinelli, Enise F. Altin, Luca Colombo, Pietro Simeoni, Benyamin Davaji, Matteo Rinaldi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21412

Plasmonically Enhanced Flexural-Mode AlScN Nanoplate Resonator as Uncooled and Ultrafast IR Detector with High Responsivity
This letter introduces a novel class of miniaturized, uncooled, and ultra-fast infrared (IR) resonant thermal detectors (RTDs) based on 30%-doped Aluminum Scandium Nitride (AlScN) nanoplates. Exploiting high electromechanical coupling, good thermal properties, and enhanced and selective IR absorption, the presented device aims to demonstrate significant advancements over the state-of-the-art IR RTDs. This single pixel combines compact footprint, high spectral selectivity and responsivity, reduc…

Localization behavior in a Hermitian and non-Hermitian Raman lattice
Entong Zhao, Yu-Jun Liu, Ka Kwan Pak, Peng Ren, Mengbo Guo, Chengdong He, Gyu-Boong Jo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22319

Localization behavior in a Hermitian and non-Hermitian Raman lattice
We introduce a flexible Raman lattice system for alakaline-earth like atoms to investigate localization behaviors in a quasi-periodic lattice with controllable non-Hermiticity. We demonstrate that critical phases and mobility edges can arise by adjusting spin-dependence of the incommensurate potentials in the Hermitian regime. With non-Hermiticity introduced by spin-selective atom loss, we find the localization behaviour in this system can be suppressed by dissipation. Our work provides insight…

Multi-gap and high-Tc superconductivity in metal-atom-free borocarbides: Effects of dimensional confinement and strain engineering
Hao-Dong Liu, Wei-Yi Zhang, Zhen-Guo Fu, Bao-Tian Wang, Hong-Yan Lu, Hua-Jie Song, Ning Hao, Ping Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03284

Multi-gap and high-Tc superconductivity in metal-atom-free borocarbides: Effects of dimensional confinement and strain engineering
Pure borocarbides suffer from limited superconducting potential due to intrinsic structural instability, requiring transition/alkali metals as dual-functional stabilizers and dopants. Here, by combining high-throughput screening with anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg (aME) theory, we identify dynamically stable borocarbides where high-Tc superconductivity predominately originates from E symmetry-selective electron-phonon coupling (EPC). The six distinct superconducting gaps emerge from a staircase …

Strong acoustic phonon suppression leads to ultralow thermal conductivity and enhanced thermoelectric performance in BaCuGdTe$_3$
Jyoti Duhan, Chris Wolverton, Koushik Pal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05831

Strong acoustic phonon suppression leads to ultralow thermal conductivity and enhanced thermoelectric performance in BaCuGdTe$_3$
Excitations and scatterings among the quantized lattice vibrations, i.e., phonons, govern the lattice thermal conductivity ($κ_l$) in crystalline solids. Therefore, effective modulation of $κ_l$ can be achieved through selective manipulation of phonon modes that strongly participate in the heat transport mechanisms. Here, combining accurate first-principles density functional theory calculations and Boltzmann transport theory, we report a layered quaternary chalcogenide semiconductor, BaCuGdT…

Selective Bond Breaking in CO$_2^{2 }$ Induced by Photoelectron Recoil
J. Weiherer, N. Melzer, M. Kircher, A. Pier, L. Kaiser, J. Kruse, N. Anders, J. Stindl, L. Sommerlad, O. D. McGinnis, M. Schmidt, J. Drnec, F. Trinter, M. S. Sch\"offler, L. Ph. H. Schmidt, N. Sisourat, S. Eckart, T. Jahnke, R. D\"orner
https://arxi…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.08986 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@ar…

Collectively-modified inter-molecular electron correlations: The connection of polaritonic chemistry and spin glass physics
Polaritonic chemistry has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to pioneering experimental results, which show that site- and bond-selective chemistry at room temperature is achievable through strong collective coupling to field fluctuations in optical cavities. Despite these notable experimental strides, the underlying theoretical mechanisms remain unclear. In this focus review, we highlight a fundamental theoretical link between the seemingly unrelated fields of polaritonic chemis…

Laser cooling and qubit measurements on a forbidden transition in neutral Cs atoms
J. Scott, H. M. Lim, U. Singla, Q. Meece, J. T. Choy, S. Kolkowitz, T. M. Graham, M. Saffman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01720

Laser cooling and qubit measurements on a forbidden transition in neutral Cs atoms
We experimentally demonstrate background-free, hyperfine-level-selective measurements of individual Cs atoms by simultaneous cooling to $5.3~μ\rm K$ and imaging on the $6s_{1/2}\rightarrow 5d_{5/2}$ electric-quadrupole transition. We achieve hyperfine resolved detection with fidelity 0.9993(4) and atom retention of 0.9954(5), limited primarily by vacuum lifetime. Performing state measurements in a 3D cooling configuration enables repeated low loss measurements. A theoretical analysis of an ext…

Surface Reduction Boosts Free Electron Concentration in MXene for Enhanced Photothermal Performance
Haoming Ding, Xiao Tong, Yong Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05741

Surface Reduction Boosts Free Electron Concentration in MXene for Enhanced Photothermal Performance
The photothermal properties of MXenes originate from their high free electron concentration, which drives localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). However, their intrinsic electron concentration is limited by suboptimal d-orbital occupancy, while electronegative surface terminations actively deplete free electrons through orbital-selective withdrawal. Herein, we report a sodium (Na)-mediated surface reduction strategy in molten salts to transform Ti3C2Clx into electronically tunable Ti3C2. S…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.11021 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXi…

Tunable self-emulsification via viscoelastic control of Marangoni-driven interfacial instabilities
Interfacial instabilities in multicomponent fluidic systems are widespread in nature and in industrial processes, yet controlling their dynamics remains a challenge. Here, we present a strategy to actively tune Marangoni-driven self-emulsification at liquid-liquid interfaces by harnessing fluid viscoelasticity. When a water-alcohol droplet spreads on an oil bath, a radial surface tension gradient induced by selective alcohol evaporation drives an interfacial instability, leading to the spontane…

Two-Stage Prony-Based Estimation of Fractional Delay and Doppler Shifts in OTFS Modulation
Yutaka Jitsumatsu, Liangchen Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17599

Two-Stage Prony-Based Estimation of Fractional Delay and Doppler Shifts in OTFS Modulation
This paper addresses the estimation of fractional delay and Doppler shifts in multipath channels that cause doubly selective fading-an essential task for integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems in high-mobility environments. Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation enables simple and robust channel compensation under such conditions. However, fractional delay and Doppler components introduce inter-path interference, degrading estimation accuracy. We propose a two-stage esti…

Do psychic cells generate consciousness?
Mototaka Suzuki, Jaan Aru
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20164 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.20164

Do psychic cells generate consciousness?
Technological advances in the past decades have begun to enable neuroscientists to address fundamental questions about consciousness in an unprecedented way. Here we review remarkable recent progress in our understanding of cellular-level mechanisms of conscious processing in the brain. Of particular interest are the cortical pyramidal neurons -- or "psychic cells" called by Ramón y Cajal more than 100 years ago -- which have an intriguing cellular mechanism that accounts for selective disrupt…

PMF-CEC: Phoneme-augmented Multimodal Fusion for Context-aware ASR Error Correction with Error-specific Selective Decoding
Jiajun He, Tomoki Toda
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11064 …

PMF-CEC: Phoneme-augmented Multimodal Fusion for Context-aware ASR Error Correction with Error-specific Selective Decoding
End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models often struggle to accurately recognize rare words. Previously, we introduced an ASR postprocessing method called error detection and context-aware error correction (ED-CEC), which leverages contextual information such as named entities and technical terms to improve the accuracy of ASR transcripts. Although ED-CEC achieves a notable success in correcting rare words, its accuracy remains low when dealing with rare words that have similar pronu…

Angular-momentum-selective nanofocusing with Weyl semimetals
Marco Peluso, Alessandro De Martino, Reinhold Egger, Francesco Buccheri
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18503

Angular-momentum-selective nanofocusing with Weyl semimetals
We investigate the theory of surface plasmon polaritons on a magnetic Weyl semimetal conical tip. We show that the axion term in the effective electrodynamics modifies the surface plasmon polariton dispersion relation and allows all modes with a given sign of the orbital angular momentum to be focused at the end of the tip. This is in contrast with normal metals, in which only one mode can reach the end. We discuss how this orbital angular momentum nanofocusing expands the potential of technolo…

Orbital FFLO and layer-selective FFLO phases in trilayer NbSe$_2$
Michiya Chazono, Youichi Yanase
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19706 https://

Orbital FFLO and layer-selective FFLO phases in trilayer NbSe$_2$
Finite-momentum superconductivity has become an important research topic in condensed matter physics. In particular, the orbital Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state, which is stabi lized in atomically thin films by the orbital effect of an external magnetic field, has been getting attention as a fascinating finite-momentum superconducting state recently. We study the phase diagram of the trilayer Ising superconductor NbSe$_2$ in the in-plane magnetic field, taking into ac count the or…

A Smart-Contract to Resolve Multiple Equilibrium in Intermediated Trade
Daniel Aronoff, Robert M. Townsend
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22940 https://…

A Smart-Contract to Resolve Multiple Equilibrium in Intermediated Trade
We present a model of a market that is intermediated by broker-dealers where there is multiple equilibrium. We then design a smart-contract that receives messages and algorithmically sends trading instructions. The smart-contract resolves the multiple equilibrium by implementing broker-dealer joint profit maximization as a Nash equilibrium. This outcome relies upon several factors: Agent commitments to follow the smart contract protocol; selective privacy of information; a structured timing of …

Prestige in Numbers: How Test Scores and Choices Reveal School Rankings
Federico Echenique, Michael Olabisi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21063 https://

Prestige in Numbers: How Test Scores and Choices Reveal School Rankings
This paper introduces a novel revealed-preference approach to ranking colleges and professional schools based on applicants' choices and standardized test scores. Unlike traditional rankings that rely on data supplied by institutions or expert opinions, our methodology leverages the decentralized beliefs of potential students, as revealed through their application decisions. We develop a theoretical model where students with higher test scores apply to more selective institutions, allowing us t…

High-Throughput Computation of Anharmonic Low-Frequency Protein Vibrations
Michael A. Sauer, Souvik Mondal, Madeline Cano, Matthias Heyden
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15109

High-Throughput Computation of Anharmonic Low-Frequency Protein Vibrations
At room temperature, low frequency vibrations at far-infrared frequencies are thermally excited ($k_B T > h ν$) and not restricted to harmonic fluctuations around a single potential energy minimum. For folded proteins, these intrinsically anharmonic vibrations can contain information on slow conformational transitions. Recently, we have developed FREquency-SElective ANharmonic (FRESEAN) mode analysis, a method based on time correlation functions that isolates low-frequency vibrational motions …

Real-space visualization of orbital-selective superconductivity in FeSe
Sang Yong Song, G\'abor B. Hal\'asz, Jiaqiang Yan, Benjamin J. Lawrie, Petro Maksymovych
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16384

Real-space visualization of orbital-selective superconductivity in FeSe
We investigate the orbitally resolved superconducting properties of bulk FeSe using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We find that the spectral weights of both the large $Δ_1$ and small $Δ_2$ superconducting gaps remain nearly unchanged at the top Se sites as the STM tip approaches atomic contact. In contrast, the spectral weight of $Δ_2$ increases significantly at the Fe and bottom Se sites. These results suggest that the gap $Δ_2$ is localized in the xy-plane and likely associated with…

State updates and useful qubits in relativistic quantum information
Jos\'e Polo-G\'omez, T. Rick Perche, Eduardo Mart\'in-Mart\'inez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18906

State updates and useful qubits in relativistic quantum information
We address the longstanding challenge of consistently updating quantum states after selective measurements in a relativistic spacetime. Standard updates along the future lightcones preserve causality but break correlations between causally disconnected parties, whereas updates along the past lightcone either imply retrocausality or do not respect the causal propagation of information. We introduce a minimal extension of multipartite states to encode subsystem-specific contextual information. Th…

Optimal boron-doped graphene substrate for glucose Raman signal enhancement
Jan Komeda, Antonio Cammarata, Tomas Polcar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02642 ht…

Optimal boron-doped graphene substrate for glucose Raman signal enhancement
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly sensitive and selective technique that greatly enhances the signal of an analyte, compared with its signal from classical Raman Spectroscopy, due to its interaction with a substrates surface. It has been shown that low concentration boron-doped graphene (B-graphene) enhances the Raman signal of simple organic molecules like pyridine. Recent studies also suggest that B-graphene can remain thermodynamically stable when doped with significantl…

Passive radiative cooling using temperature-dependent emissivity can sometimes outperform static emitters
Yeonghoon Jin, Jin-Woo Cho, Mikhail A. Kats
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11259

Passive radiative cooling using temperature-dependent emissivity can sometimes outperform static emitters
In passive sky-facing radiative cooling, wavelength-selective thermal emitters in the atmospheric transparency window of 8-13 $μ$m can reach lower temperatures compared to broadband emitters, but broadband emitters always have higher cooling power when the emitter is warmer than the ambient. Here, we propose a temperature-tunable thermal emitter that switches between a wavelength-selective state -- with high emissivity only in the atmospheric transparency window of 8-13 $μ$m -- and a broadban…

Metric Framework of Coherent Activity Patterns Identification in Spiking Neuronal Networks
Daniil Radushev, Olesia Dogonasheva, Boris Gutkin, Denis Zakharov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12291

Metric Framework of Coherent Activity Patterns Identification in Spiking Neuronal Networks
Partial synchronization plays a crucial role in the functioning of neuronal networks: selective, coordinated activation of neurons enables information processing that flexibly adapts to a changing computational context. Since the structure of coherent activity patterns reflects the network's current state, developing automated tools to identify them is a key challenge in neurodynamics. Existing methods for analyzing neuronal dynamics tend to focus on global characteristics of the network, such …

Replaced article(s) found for eess.AS. https://arxiv.org/list/eess.AS/new
[1/1]:
- Cross-attention Inspired Selective State Space Models for Target Sound Extraction
Donghang Wu, Yiwen Wang, Xihong Wu, Tianshu Qu

Eigenmode-Guided Amplification via Spatiotemporal Active Acoustic Metamaterials
Wai Chun Wong, Greggory Chaplain, Jensen Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17687

Eigenmode-Guided Amplification via Spatiotemporal Active Acoustic Metamaterials
We present a spatiotemporal gain-loss framework for selective acoustic mode amplification illustrated using coupled Helmholtz resonators. In our scheme, the gain or loss in each resonator is determined by the amplitude in adjacent cavities, forming a non-Hermitian yet energy-conserving system. Our scheme enables the system to collapse toward the eigenstate of an effective linear Hamiltonian with the eigenvalue of largest imaginary part, serving as a fixed-point attractor. In dimer systems, we i…

Misfit layered superconductor (PbSe)1.14(NbSe2)3 with possible layer-selective FFLO state
Yuki M. Itahashi, Yamato Nohara, Michiya Chazono, Hideki Matsuoka, Koichiro Arioka, Tetsuya Nomoto, Yoshimitsu Kohama, Youichi Yanase, Yoshihiro Iwasa, Kaya Kobayashi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14106

Misfit layered superconductor (PbSe)1.14(NbSe2)3 with possible layer-selective FFLO state
Two-dimensional (2D) superconductors are known for their novel emergent phenomena, however, lack of experimental probes beyond resistivity has hindered further exploration of diverse superconducting states. Bulk 2D superconductors, with superconducting layers separated by non-superconducting layers, offer a unique opportunity to break this limit. Here, we synthesized a single crystal of misfit layered compound (PbSe)1.14(NbSe2)3, composed of alternately stacked tri-layer NbSe2 and non-supercond…

Determining Exciton Binding Energy and Reduced Effective Mass in Metal Tri-Halide Perovskites from Optical and Impedance Spectroscopy Measurements
K. Liz\'arraga, J. A. Guerra, L. A. Enrique-Moran, E. Serquen, E. Ventura, Cesar E. P. Villegas, A. R. Rocha, P. Venezuela
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22680

Determining Exciton Binding Energy and Reduced Effective Mass in Metal Tri-Halide Perovskites from Optical and Impedance Spectroscopy Measurements
Accurate determination of the exciton binding energy and reduced effective mass in halide perovskites is of utmost importance for the selective design of optoelectronic devices. Although these properties are currently determined by several spectroscopic techniques, complementary theoretical models are often required to bridge macroscopic and microscopic properties. Here, we present a novel method to determine these quantities while fully accounting for polarization effects due to carrier intera…

Valley resolved optical spectroscopy and coherent excitation of quantum Hall edge states in graphene
Ashutosh Singh, Maria Sebastian, Mikhail Tokman, Alexey Belyanin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19654

Valley resolved optical spectroscopy and coherent excitation of quantum Hall edge states in graphene
We show that chiral edge states in graphene under Quantum Hall effect conditions can be selectively probed and excited by terahertz or infrared radiation with single-quasiparticle sensitivity without affecting bulk states. Moreover, valley-selective excitation of edge states is possible with high fidelity. The underlying physical mechanism is the inevitable violation of adiabaticity and inversion symmetry breaking for electron states near the edge. This leads to the formation of Landau level-sp…

Controllable Non-reciprocity in Multi-sphere Loaded Chiral Resonator
Maxime Ardisson, Guillaume Bourcin, Julien Haumant, Romain Lebrun, Isabella Boventer, Vincent Castel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22230

Controllable Non-reciprocity in Multi-sphere Loaded Chiral Resonator
Cavity magnonics explores the hybridization of photons and magnons within microwave resonators. One of the hallmarks of these systems is their ability to exhibit non-reciprocity, which is a key feature for radio frequency (RF) applications. One way to control non-reciprocal behaviors in cavity magnonics is the design of chiral cavities that allow selective coupling between photons and magnons depending on their polarization. However, a built-in chiral platform to harness and control non-recipro…