Tootfinder

'The New Price of Eggs.' The Political Shocks of Data Centers and Electric Bills (David W. Chen/New York Times)
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/30/us/politics/the-new-price-of-eggs-the-political-shocks-of-data-centers-and-electric-bills.html?unlocked_article_code=1.5E8.6YZJ.rHplzwPvEJzn&smid=url-share
http://www.memeorandum.com/251130/p21#a251130p21

Kinetic Simulations of Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Perpendicular Electron-positron Shocks with Proton Admixture
Huan Yu, Qi Xia, Jun Fang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00403

Kinetic Simulations of Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Perpendicular Electron-positron Shocks with Proton Admixture
Particle acceleration in relativistic shocks of electron-positron plasmas with proton admixture is investigated through two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. The upstream plasma, with a bulk Lorentz factor of $10$ and a magnetization parameter of 0.02, includes a small fraction of protons ($\sim 5\%$ by number). A relativistic perpendicular shock is formed by reflecting the flow off a conducting wall. The shock structure, electromagnetic fields, and particle energy spectra ar…

This shocks people. They are even more shocked when you show them that computers in general haven't had a positive impact on productivity.
https://tldr.nettime.org/@tante/115468156431719681

For years, this man didn’t knew of the dangers that drinking energy drinks might cause. While doctors confronted to his extremely high blood pressure didn’t bother to ask.
https://arstechnica.com/health/2025/12/man-shocks-docto…

"‘Leaving the world’s poorest behind’: Nearly 900 million poor people face climate shocks, says UN"
#UN #UnitedNations #Climate

Climate shocks threaten 900 million poor people worldwide: UN report
More than 300 million people live in regions where three or four climate hazards overlap.

Another example of federal overreach, violating the Tenth Amendment (see United States v. California, No. 18-16496 (9th Cir. 2019, trying to punish CA for sanctuary city policies, first trump admin; feds lost)
Red state shocks with massive ‘internment camp' to fulfill Trump order - Raw Story
https://www.rawstory.com/trump-homeless/

Over the past four years, hedge funds have doubled their footprint in the U.S. debt market,
making the Cayman Islands
— where many hedge funds are officially based
— the place where the most U.S. debt outside the United States is held, according to the Fed.
Typically, people flock to Treasuries for safety in times of crisis.
Yet, driven in large part by hedge fund activity, the Treasury market went through unusual turbulence during recent shocks -- including th…

Opinion | America’s Debt Problem Is Worse Than You’ve Heard
The size of the national debt matters. But so does who America’s lenders are — and that is changing.

How U.S. sports tickets got so expensive – and why it shocks the rest of the world https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6901912/2025/12/19/usa-ticket-prices-sporting-events-world-cup-2026/

Was watching a talk by Sarah Wilson at TEDxSydney: "How to respond to a societal collapse"
Takeaway: If you're looking for an alternate word for "clusterfuck" (like if you're doing an RCA for US-EAST-1) I'm here to share that with you.
#ClusterFuck #Metacrisis

Disentangling the Distributional Effects of Financial Shocks in the Euro Area
Milo\v{s} Ciganovi\'c, Elena Scola Gagliardi, Massimiliano Tancioni
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11289

Disentangling the Distributional Effects of Financial Shocks in the Euro Area
We estimate the dynamic distributional effects of financial shocks in the Euro Area using survey-based microdata on personal incomes. We find that positive financial shocks increase inequality, with heterogeneity across different income groups. Much of the response emerges in the tails of the income distribution. By decomposing individual incomes into financial and labor components, we identify two distinct transmission mechanisms: financial income inequality rises, likely due to differences in…

Assessing the Effects of Monetary Shocks on Macroeconomic Stars: A SMUC-IV Framework
Bowen Fu, Chenghan Hou, Jan Pr\"user
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05802 https://

Assessing the Effects of Monetary Shocks on Macroeconomic Stars: A SMUC-IV Framework
This paper proposes a structural multivariate unobserved components model with external instrument (SMUC-IV) to investigate the effects of monetary policy shocks on key U.S. macroeconomic "stars"-namely, the level of potential output, the growth rate of potential output, trend inflation, and the neutral interest rate. A key feature of our approach is the use of an external instrument to identify monetary policy shocks within the multivariate unob- served components modeling framework. We develo…

'Chilling': FBI shocks with visits to homes of innocent protesters under Trump's orders (David Edwards/Raw Story)
https://www.rawstory.com/fbi-protest/
http://www.memeorandum.com/251023/p148#a251023p148

Impact of Cosmic Ray Acceleration on the Early Evolution of Bow Shocks around Massive Runaway Stars
Keito Watanabe, Stefanie Walch, Tim-Eric Rathjen, Jonathan Mackey, Pierre N\"urnberger, Philipp Girichidis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11988

Impact of Cosmic Ray Acceleration on the Early Evolution of Bow Shocks around Massive Runaway Stars
Bow shocks generated from the interaction of winds from massive runaway stars with the interstellar medium have been shown to be prominent particle accelerators through recent $γ$-ray and radio synchrotron observations. Here, we study particle acceleration from bow shocks by conducting 3D ideal cosmic ray magnetohydrodynamic simulations in the advection-diffusion limit. We use the Eulerian grid-based code FLASH, where stellar winds are injected through tabulated wind velocities and mass loss r…

On three dimensional steady super-Alfv\'{e}nic magnetohydrodynamics shocks with aligned fields
Shangkun Weng, Wengang Yang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12068 https://

On three dimensional steady super-Alfvénic magnetohydrodynamics shocks with aligned fields
The coupled motion between the hydrodynamic flow and magnetic field introduces significant complexity into the structure of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. A key factor contributing to this complexity is the presence of Alfvén waves, which critically influences the character of the flow and makes the problem considerably more challenging. Within the framework where the magnetic field is everywhere parallel to the flow velocity, we give an effective decomposition of the steady MHD equa…

Trump went rogue on Truth Social on Tuesday,
contradicting his own administration’s decision a day earlier to fund SNAP benefits during the shutdown
—and potentially violating a court order in the process.
Trump’s announcement caught members of his own team off guard,
with four people with knowledge of the matter telling Politico they aren’t clear whether his post means that USDA now won’t abide by the court order.
If Trump follows through on his threat,
it…

Trump Shocks His Own Team With Decision to Defy Courts on Funding SNAP
Donald Trump says he won’t fund the food aid program until the shutdown ends—leaving members of his own administration in the dark about what happens next.

#Juche tell me more about Charles North Korea! ❓ ❤️
@… you probably have oppinions on this guy.
https://www.

Mitigating Model Drift in Developing Economies Using Synthetic Data and Outliers
Ilyas Varshavskiy, Bonu Boboeva, Shuhrat Khalilbekov, Azizjon Azimi, Sergey Shulgin, Akhlitdin Nizamitdinov, Haitz Saez de Ocariz Borde
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09294

Mitigating Model Drift in Developing Economies Using Synthetic Data and Outliers
Machine Learning models in finance are highly susceptible to model drift, where predictive performance declines as data distributions shift. This issue is especially acute in developing economies such as those in Central Asia and the Caucasus - including Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, and Azerbaijan - where frequent and unpredictable macroeconomics shocks destabilize financial data. To the best of our knowledge, this is among the first studies to examine drift mitigation methods on financi…

Gas price shocks, uncertainty and price setting: evidences from Italian firms
Giuseppe Pagano Giorgianni
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03792 https://arxiv.org…

Gas price shocks, uncertainty and price setting: evidences from Italian firms
This paper examines how natural gas price shocks affect Italian firms' pricing decisions and inflation expectations using quarterly survey data from the Bank of Italy's Survey on Inflation and Growth Expectations (SIGE) spanning 1999Q4-2025Q2. We identify natural gas price shocks through a Bayesian VAR with sign and zero restrictions. Our findings reveal that these shocks are a primary driver of firms' inflation expectations, particularly during the post-COVID period (2021-2023) when supply dis…

Algorithmic analysis of a complex reliability system subject to multiple events with a preventive maintenance strategy and a Bernoulli vacation policy through MMAPs
Juan Eloy Ruiz-Castro, Hugo Ala\'in Zapata-Ceballos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11506

Algorithmic analysis of a complex reliability system subject to multiple events with a preventive maintenance strategy and a Bernoulli vacation policy through MMAPs
In this work, a single-unit multi-state system is considered. The system is subject to internal failures, as well as external shocks with multiple consequences. It also incorporates a preventive maintenance strategy and a Bernoulli vacation policy for the repairperson. It is algorithmically modeled in both continuous and discrete time using Marked Markovian Arrival Processes (MMAP). The system's operation/degradation level is divided into an indeterminate number of levels. Upon returning from a…

Time-Dilation Methods for Extreme Multiscale Timestepping Problems
Philip F. Hopkins, Elias R. Most
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09756 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Time-Dilation Methods for Extreme Multiscale Timestepping Problems
Many astrophysical simulations involve extreme dynamic range of timescales around 'special points' in the domain (e.g. black holes, stars, planets, disks, galaxies, shocks, mixing interfaces), where processes on small scales couple strongly to those on large scales. Adaptive resolution, multi-physics, and hybrid numerical methods have enabled tremendous progress on the spatial, physics, and numerical challenges involved. But often the limiter for following the long timescales of global evolutio…

Crosslisted article(s) found for physics.plasm-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.plasm-ph/new
[1/1]:
- On three dimensional steady super-Alfv\'{e}nic magnetohydrodynamics shocks with aligned fields
Shangkun Weng, Wengang Yang

A type II solar radio burst without a coronal mass ejection association
Anshu Kumari, Nat Gopalswamy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04586 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

A type II solar radio burst without a coronal mass ejection association
Type II solar radio bursts are commonly associated with shocks generated by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), where plasma waves are excited by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) processes and converted into radio waves at the local plasma frequency or its harmonics. However, there are instances where type II bursts occur in the absence of whitelight CMEs. We analysed one such metric type II radio burst observed on November 2, 2023, characterized by split band features and fundamental-harmonic lanes. Notab…

Measuring the Temperature of Extremely Hot Shock-Heated Gas in the Major Merger MACS~J0717.5 3745 With Relativistic Corrections to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
Benjamin J. Vaughan, Jack Sayers, Locke Spencer, Nicholas Swidinksi, Ryan Wills, Michael Zemcov, Derek Arthur, Victoria Butler, Richard M. Feder, Daniel Klyde, Lorenzo Lovisari, Adam Mantz, Emily M. Silich

Measuring the Temperature of Extremely Hot Shock-Heated Gas in the Major Merger MACS~J0717.5+3745 With Relativistic Corrections to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
The conversion of gravitational potential to kinetic energy results in an intracluster medium (ICM) gas with a characteristic temperature near 10 keV in the most massive galaxy clusters. X-ray observations, primarily from Chandra and XMM-Newton, have revealed a wealth of information about the thermodynamics of this gas. However, two regimes remain difficult to study with current instruments: superheated gas well above 10~keV generated by shocks from major mergers, and distant systems strongly i…

Emergence of Homophily under Contextual Mechanisms
Jiaxing Weng, Haijun Yang, Tongyu Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09821 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.09821…

Emergence of Homophily under Contextual Mechanisms
This paper introduces a tractable model to study incentive-compatible homophily under both external environments--such as exogenous shocks or policy constraints--and internal micromotives based on interactive attributes. We propose a set of invariants that capture main features of homophily and the well-defined partition dynamics leading to perfect global homophily. The criteria for homophily formation are characterized via isomorphism. Within this framework, we demonstrate the emergence of mac…

Converged simulations of the nozzle shock in tidal disruption events
Fangyi Fitz Hu, Ilya Mandel, Rebecca Nealon, Daniel J. Price
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04790 https://

Converged simulations of the nozzle shock in tidal disruption events
When debris from a star that experienced a tidal disruption events (TDE) after passing too close to a massive black hole returns to pericenter on the second passage, it is compressed, leading to the formation of nozzle shocks (in the orbital plane) and pancake shocks (perpendicular to the orbital plane). Resolving these shocks is a long-standing problem in the hydrodynamic simulations of parabolic TDEs. Excessive numerical energy dissipation or heating unrealistically expands the stream. In thi…

Waves, structures, and the Riemann problem for a system of hyperbolic conservation laws
A. P. Chugainova, D. V. Treschev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02070 https://

Waves, structures, and the Riemann problem for a system of hyperbolic conservation laws
A system of hyperbolic conservation laws $$ \partial_t u + \partial_x \partial_u Q = 0, \quad Q = u_1^3 / 3 + u_1 u_2^2, \qquad u = u(x,t) \in\mR^2, $$ as well as its viscous regularization $$ \partial_t u + \partial_x \partial_u Q = \calM \partial_x^2 u, \qquad \calM = \diag (μ_1,μ_2), \quad μ_1>0,\, μ_2>0, $$ are studied. It is assumed that admissible shocks are those that satisfy the requirement of existence of a structure (the traveling wave criterion). A solution of the Riemann…

Integrating Weather and Land Cover Data into Geospatial Impact Evaluations
Elinor Benami, Mike Cecil, Anna Josephson, Gina Maskell, Jeffrey D. Michler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05108

Integrating Weather and Land Cover Data into Geospatial Impact Evaluations
Integrating gridded weather and earth observation data into impact evaluations holds great promise. It allows researchers to capture environmental context, external shocks, and even to measure outcomes (e.g., land cover change, agricultural production) that surveys might miss due to spatial or temporal data collection constraints. However, with great power comes great responsibility: the increasing ease of extracting time series from these datasets belies potentially complex geospatial and meas…

Forecasting Inflation Based on Hybrid Integration of the Riemann Zeta Function and the FPAS Model (FPAS $\zeta$): Cyclical Flexibility, Socio-Economic Challenges and Shocks, and Comparative Analysis of Models
Davit Gondauri
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02966

Forecasting Inflation Based on Hybrid Integration of the Riemann Zeta Function and the FPAS Model (FPAS + $ζ$): Cyclical Flexibility, Socio-Economic Challenges and Shocks, and Comparative Analysis of Models
Inflation forecasting is a core socio-economic challenge in modern macroeconomic modeling, especially when cyclical, structural, and shock factors act simultaneously. Traditional systems such as FPAS and ARIMA often struggle with cyclical asymmetry and unexpected fluctuations. This study proposes a hybrid framework (FPAS + $ζ$) that integrates a structural macro model (FPAS) with cyclical components derived from the Riemann zeta function $ζ(1/2 + i t)$. Using Georgia's macro data (2005-2024),…

'The use of force shocks the conscience': Judge issues sweeping injunction on Chicago tactics of immigration agents (Jason Meisner/Chicago Tribune)
https://www.chicagotribune.com/2025/11/06/operation-midway-blitz-injunction/
http://www.memeorandum.com/251106/p131#a251106p131

A Multimodal Approach to SME Credit Scoring Integrating Transaction and Ownership Networks
Sahab Zandi, Kamesh Korangi, Juan C. Moreno-Paredes, Mar\'ia \'Oskarsd\'ottir, Christophe Mues, Cristi\'an Bravo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09407

A Multimodal Approach to SME Credit Scoring Integrating Transaction and Ownership Networks
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are known to play a vital role in economic growth, employment, and innovation. However, they tend to face significant challenges in accessing credit due to limited financial histories, collateral constraints, and exposure to macroeconomic shocks. These challenges make an accurate credit risk assessment by lenders crucial, particularly since SMEs frequently operate within interconnected firm networks through which default risk can propagate. This paper p…

Learning Paths to Multi-Sector Equilibrium: Belief Dynamics Under Uncertain Returns to Scale
Stefano Nasini, Rabia Nessah, Bertrand Wigniolle
https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.07013 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2512.07013 https://arxiv.org/html/2512.07013
arXiv:2512.07013v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This paper explores the dynamics of learning in a multi-sector general equilibrium model where firms operate under incomplete information about their production returns to scale. Firms iteratively update their beliefs using maximum a-posteriori estimation, derived from observed production outcomes, to refine their knowledge of their returns to scale. The implications of these learning dynamics for market equilibrium and the conditions under which firms can effectively learn their true returns to scale are the key objects of this study. Our results shed light on how idiosyncratic shocks influence the learning process and demonstrate that input decisions encode all pertinent information for belief updates. Additionally, we show that a long-memory (path-dependent) learning which keeps track of all past estimations ends up having a worse performance than a short-memory (path-independent) approach.
toXiv_bot_toot

Instabilities at recollimation shocks in MHD jets
Stella Boula, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Gianluigi Bodo, Nektarios Vlahakis, Paolo Coppi, Agnese Costa, Alberto Sciaccaluga
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01742

Instabilities at recollimation shocks in MHD jets
AGN jet structure and stability remain uncertain; recollimation shocks are linked to morphology and variability, but the role of downstream instabilities is still unclear. We aim to investigate how jet magnetization and other physical parameters influence the development of instabilities beyond the first recollimation shock. In particular, we focus on identifying the conditions under which the centrifugal instability (CFI) is effective. We perform high-resolution 2D and 3D simulations using the…

The centripetal pull of climate: Evidence from European Parliament elections (1989-2019)
Marco Due\~nas, Hector Galindo-Silva, Antoine Mandel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01551 ht…

The centripetal pull of climate: Evidence from European Parliament elections (1989-2019)
This paper examines the impact of temperature shocks on European Parliament elections. We combine high-resolution climate data with results from parliamentary elections between 1989 and 2019, aggregated at the NUTS-2 regional level. Exploiting exogenous variation in unusually warm and hot days during the months preceding elections, we identify the effect of short-run temperature shocks on voting behaviour. We find that temperature shocks reduce ideological polarisation and increase vote concent…

Job insecurity and equilibrium determinacy in a rational expectations, New Keynesian model with asymmetric information. A theoretical analysis
Luca Vota, Luisa Errichiello
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11125

Job insecurity and equilibrium determinacy in a rational expectations, New Keynesian model with asymmetric information. A theoretical analysis
Despite the importance of this variable in the macroeconomic context, current research on job insecurity remains mainly confined to its non-systemic dimension. The research aim of this paper is to identify the short-run and long-run macroeconomic determinants of job insecurity in the presence of asymmetric information between public and private agents, informative shocks, and different degrees of institutional communication transparency. To accomplish this goal, a small-scale, rational expectat…

Inverse Portfolio Optimization with Synthetic Investor Data: Recovering Risk Preferences under Uncertainty
Jinho Cha, Long Pham, Thi Le Hoa Vo, Jaeyoung Cho, Jaejin Lee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06986

Inverse Portfolio Optimization with Synthetic Investor Data: Recovering Risk Preferences under Uncertainty
This study develops an inverse portfolio optimization framework for recovering latent investor preferences including risk aversion, transaction cost sensitivity, and ESG orientation from observed portfolio allocations. Using controlled synthetic data, we assess the estimator's statistical properties such as consistency, coverage, and dynamic regret. The model integrates robust optimization and regret-based inference to quantify welfare losses under preference misspecification and market shocks.…

Stochastic Volatility-in-mean VARs with Time-Varying Skewness
Leonardo N. Ferreira, Haroon Mumtaz, Ana Skoblar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08415 https://arx…

Stochastic Volatility-in-mean VARs with Time-Varying Skewness
This paper introduces a Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) with stochastic volatility-in-mean and time-varying skewness. Unlike previous approaches, the proposed model allows both volatility and skewness to directly affect macroeconomic variables. We provide a Gibbs sampling algorithm for posterior inference and apply the model to quarterly data for the US and the UK. Empirical results show that skewness shocks have economically significant effects on output, inflation and spreads, often exc…

Gamma-rays from Wolf-Rayet stellar winds
A. Inventar, G. Peron, S. Recchia, S. Gabici
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12510 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.12510

Gamma-rays from Wolf-Rayet stellar winds
Gamma-ray observations of young star clusters have recently provided evidence for particle acceleration occurring at stellar wind termination shocks, fueled by the mechanical energy of stellar winds from massive stars. In this work, we explore the possibility that the wind from a single powerful star, whether isolated or part of a cluster, can alone provide sufficient energy to generate gamma-ray emission detectable by current instruments. This scenario is particularly relevant given that a sig…

Harvests and Hooky in the Hills: Crop Yield Variability and Gendered School Enrollment in Rwanda
Maxwell Fogler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10780 https://ar…

Harvests and Hooky in the Hills: Crop Yield Variability and Gendered School Enrollment in Rwanda
This paper investigates the trade-off that households in agrarian economies face between immediate production needs and long-term human capital investment. We ask how exogenous agricultural productivity shocks affect primary and secondary school enrollment in Rwanda, a country characterized by a heavy reliance on rain-fed agriculture alongside ambitious development goals. Using a district-level panel dataset for the years 2010-2021, we employ a two-stage least squares (2SLS) instrumental variab…

Gamma-ray Bursts
Andrew J. Levan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05297 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.05297

Gamma-ray Bursts
Gamma-ray bursts are flashes of high-energy radiation lasting from a fraction of a second to several hours. Military satellites made the first detections of GRBs in the late 1960s. The $γ$-ray emission forms from shocks in a relativistic jet launched from a compact central engine. In addition to the emission of $γ$-rays, the interaction of the jet with the surrounding medium yields afterglow emission that can be observed across the electromagnetic spectrum. Redshift measurements from these af…

From X-rays to High-Energy Gamma-rays: A Comprehensive Multi-Wavelength Study of Early Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
P. Tiwari, B. Banerjee, D. Miceli, G. Oganesyan, A. Ierardi, S. Macera, M. Branchesi, L. Nava, S. Mohnani, S. Agarwal, A. Shukla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05239

From X-rays to High-Energy Gamma-rays: A Comprehensive Multi-Wavelength Study of Early Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) generate powerful relativistic jets that inject a large amount of energy into their surrounding environment, producing blast waves that accelerate particles to high energies. The GRB afterglow radiation provides a powerful means to investigate the microphysics of relativistic shocks and to probe the medium surrounding the progenitor of the burst. In this study, we present a comprehensive multiwavelength analysis of 31 GRBs observed between 2008 and 2024 from the Neil Geh…

Analysis of the Supernova Remnant IC 443 using H.E.S.S. Data
Alison M. W. Mitchell (for the H.E.S.S. Collaboration), Lukas Grosspietsch (for the H.E.S.S. Collaboration), Tina Wach (for the H.E.S.S. Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02843

Analysis of the Supernova Remnant IC 443 using H.E.S.S. Data
IC 443 is a well-known supernova remnant that stands out due to its interaction with a dense molecular cloud, creating a complex environment where shocks can efficiently accelerate particles to high energies. This makes it a key target for investigating the mechanisms of cosmic-ray acceleration and gamma-ray production, particularly in the context of supernova remnants as potential sources of PeV cosmic rays. This work presents a first analysis of the region as observed by H.E.S.S.. We detect e…

The Role of Acoustic Instability in Cosmic-Ray Self-Confinement
Antonio Capanema, Pasquale Blasi, Emanuele Sobacchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04635 https://

The Role of Acoustic Instability in Cosmic-Ray Self-Confinement
Over the past decades, there has been growing observational and theoretical evidence that cosmic-ray-induced instabilities play an important role in both acceleration and transport of cosmic rays (CRs). For instance, the efficient acceleration of charged particles at supernova remnant shocks requires rapidly growing instabilities, so much so that none of the proposed processes seem sufficient to warrant acceleration to PeV energies. In this work, we investigate whether an acoustic instability t…