Tootfinder

Asymmetries in stellar streams induced by a galactic merger
Claire Guillaume, Florent Renaud, Nicolas F. Martin, Benoit Famaey, Paola Di Matteo, Guillaume F. Thomas, Salvatore Ferrone, Rodrigo Ibata, Giulia Pagnini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06329

Asymmetries in stellar streams induced by a galactic merger
Stellar streams are sensitive to perturbations from, e.g., giant molecular clouds, bars and spiral arms, infalling dwarf galaxies, or globular clusters which can imprint gaps, clumps, spurs, and asymmetries in tails. In addition to these effects, the impact of a galactic major merger on a population of stellar streams remains to be explored. Here, we focus on the emergence and longevity of asymmetries between the leading and trailing tails of streams caused by such interactions. We run collisio…

Cowboys preach 'team effort' for stellar Javonte Williams run game https://www.sportingnews.com/us/nfl/dallas-cowboys/news/cowboys-preach-team-effort-stellar-javonte-williams-run-game/5b155f50de92…

Archival Inference for Eccentric Stellar-Mass Binary Black Holes in Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observations
Han Wang, Michael J. Williams, Ian Harry, Yi-Ming Hu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07174

Archival Inference for Eccentric Stellar-Mass Binary Black Holes in Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observations
Space-based gravitational-wave observatories will detect the early inspiral of stellar-mass binary black holes and can track their eccentricity evolution. However, untargeted searches in the space band are computationally demanding and require relatively high detection thresholds (signal-to-noise ratio $\sim 15$). Information from ground-based detections can significantly shrink the parameter space for space-band analyses and thereby substantially reduce the detection threshold. We present a Ba…

Physical Characterization of Asteroid (16583) Oersted Combining Stellar Occultation and Photometric Data
Josef Hanu\v{s}, Marco Delbo, Petr Pokorn\'y, Franck Marchis, Thomas M. Esposito
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05843

Physical Characterization of Asteroid (16583) Oersted Combining Stellar Occultation and Photometric Data
We report a successful observation of a stellar occultation by asteroid (16583) Oersted, enabling a detailed physical characterization of its shape, spin state, and surface properties. Our goal is to determine the physical parameters of Oersted by combining multi-chord occultation timing, sparse optical photometry, and thermal infrared observations. Such asteroids (size$\sim$20 km) are rarely modeled in this detail due to observational limitations, making Oersted a valuable case study. We appli…

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- First Temperature Profile of a Stellar Flare using Differential Chromatic Refraction
Clarke, Bianco, Davenport, Cooke, Webb, Andreoni, Pritchard, Roodman

Incredible work by the Google security team. This message has so many hallmarks of being a phishing message, and even some of spear-phishing:
- Presented with urgency (made worse by Apple "Intelligence")
- Links go through a domain you'd never interact with (c.gle, their click tracker)
- Sent to my email without addressing me by name
- Presenting ominous information with no detail, asking you to interact for more detail
- Unsolicited
- Blurry, @1x logo, not sharp like an SVG or @2x image would have been
- Targeting a high value target (Admin of a corporate workspace)
- Plus, some minor formatting issues on a narrow screen make it seem just a touch dodgy
Stellar work guys

Constraints on dark matter models from the stellar cores observed in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies: Self-interacting dark matter
Jorge Sanchez Almeida (Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, La Laguna, Tenerife, E-38200, Spain, Departamento de Astrofisica, Universidad de La Laguna, Spain)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05682

Constraints on dark matter models from the stellar cores observed in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies: Self-interacting dark matter
It has been proposed that the stellar cores observed in ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxies reflect underlying dark matter (DM) cores that cannot be formed by stellar feedback acting on collisionless cold dark matter (CDM) halos. Assuming this claim is correct, we investigate the constraints that arise if such cores are produced by self-interacting dark matter (SIDM). We derive the range of SIDM cross-sections (sigma/m) required to reproduce the observed core sizes. These can result from halos in …

Giants' Robinson, Eluemunor and Flott set for big pay days https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/47246420/new-york-giants-wandale-robinson-jermaine-eluemunor-set-big-pay-days

Pick Six: A stellar showing from the defense gives Raiders their best chance to end Broncos' nine-game winning streak https://www.raiders.com/news/pick-six-a-stellar-showing-from-the-defense-gives-…

Resolved Profiles of Stellar Mass, Star Formation Rate, and Predicted CO-to-H$_2$ Conversion Factor Across Thousands of Local Galaxies
Jiayi Sun, Yu-Hsuan Teng, I-Da Chiang, Adam K. Leroy, Karin Sandstrom, Jakob den Brok, Alberto D. Bolatto, Jeremy Chastenet, Ryan Chown, Annie Hughes, Eric W. Koch, Thomas G. Williams
https://arxiv.org/abs/…

Resolved Profiles of Stellar Mass, Star Formation Rate, and Predicted CO-to-H$_2$ Conversion Factor Across Thousands of Local Galaxies
We present radial profiles of surface brightness in UV and IR bands, estimate stellar mass surface density ($Σ_\star$) and star formation rate surface density ($Σ_\mathrm{SFR}$), and predict the CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor ($α_\mathrm{CO}$) for over 5,000 local galaxies with stellar mass $M_\star\,{\geq}\,10^{9.3}\rm\,M_\odot$. We build these profiles and measure galaxy half-light radii using GALEX and WISE images from the $z$0MGS program, with special care given to highly inclined galaxie…

Chroma model stellar surface intensities: Spherical formal solution
C. Ian Short
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05035 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.05035

Chroma+ model stellar surface intensities: Spherical formal solution
We announce V. 2025-08-08 of the Chroma+ suite of stellar atmosphere and spectrum modelling codes for fast, approximate, effectively platform-independent stellar spectrum synthesis, written in a number of free well-supported programming languages. The Chroma+ suite now computes the emergent surface intensity and flux distributions and the hydrostatic pressure structure assuming a spherical atmosphere rather than local flatness by implementing the analytic formal solution of the 1D spherical rad…

Prolonged fallback and late-time rebrightening episodes in stellar tidal disruptions as imprints of a galactic environment
Cedric O\~na, Sean Fortuna, Ian Vega
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07026

Prolonged fallback and late-time rebrightening episodes in stellar tidal disruptions as imprints of a galactic environment
We extend the classical Keplerian framework of existing analytic TDE models by incorporating the gravitational potential of a spherically symmetric galactic mass distribution. We then demonstrate that this broader structure imprints light curve features beyond the predictive scope of traditional models, such as phases of shallower-than-standard decay and late-time rebrightening episodes. Importantly, our framework predicts the occurrence of environment-induced rebrightenings but only on very lo…

Polka-dotted Stars II: Starspots and obliquities of Kepler-17 and Kepler-63
Sabina Sagynbayeva, Will M. Farr
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07130 https://arxiv…

Polka-dotted Stars II: Starspots and obliquities of Kepler-17 and Kepler-63
Starspots trace stellar magnetic activity and influence both stellar evolution and exoplanet characterization. While occultation-based spot analyses have been applied to individual systems, comparative studies remain limited. We apply the StarryStarryProcess Bayesian surface-mapping framework to archival Kepler light curves of two planet hosts, Kepler-63 and Kepler-17, extending the validation established on TOI-3884 (Paper I). Across both systems, we infer characteristic spot radii smaller tha…

Observational constraints on f(Q,T) gravity from the mass-radius relation and stability of compact stars
S. K. Maurya, Abdul Aziz, Ksh. Newton Singh, G. Mustafa, Y. Sekhmani, Saibal Ray
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06003

Observational constraints on f(Q,T) gravity from the mass-radius relation and stability of compact stars
In this investigation we examine the astrophysical consequences of the influence of pressure anisotropy on the physical properties of observed pulsars within the background of $f(Q,T)$ gravity by choosing a specific form $f(Q, T)=ψ_1\, Q + ψ_2 T$, where $ψ_1$ and $ψ_2$ are the model parameters. Initially, we solve the modified field equations for anisotropic stellar configurations by assuming the physically valid metric potential along with anisotropic function for the distribution of the i…

Modeling gravitational wave sources in the MillenniumTNG simulations
Federico Marinacci, Marco Baldi, Giuliano Iorio, M. Celeste Artale, Michela Mapelli, Volker Springel, Sownak Bose, Lars Hernquist
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06311

Modeling gravitational wave sources in the MillenniumTNG simulations
(Edited) We introduce a flexible framework for building gravitational wave (GW) event catalogs in hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy formation. Our framework couples the state-of-the-art binary population synthesis code SEVN with Arepo-GW -- a module fully integrated into the moving-mesh code Arepo -- to assign merger events of binary compact objects to stellar particles in simulations by stochastically sampling merger tables generated with SEVN. Arepo-GW supports both on-the-fly operation, pro…

I have cunningly set my band's insta to forward to Threads, where I enabled Fedi sharing, so that I can repost the videos I made for the band here and have Zuck pay for the hosting 😎 @… https://www.…

Maggie Speaks (@maggiespeaksband) on Threads
Little while back we had a chance to perform a #CelebritySitIn in Nashville with special guest Uncle Kracker, and surprise guests Dylan DeMarcus and his dad Jay from Rascal Flatts! Killer time as always. Our thanks to Performance Lighting for having us out, and Cannery Hall for their stellar hospitality!

SHADES -- $^{22}$Ne($\alpha$,n)$^{25}$Mg reaction rate in the Gamow window
David Rapagnani, Chemseddine Ananna, Antonino Di Leva, Gianluca Imbriani, Matthias Junker, Marco Pignatari, Andreas Best
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06268

SHADES -- $^{22}$Ne($α$,n)$^{25}$Mg reaction rate in the Gamow window
Neutron capture reactions are the main contributors to the synthesis of the heavy elements through the s-process. Together with $^{13}$C($α$,n)16O, which has recently been measured by the LUNA collaboration in an energy region inside the Gamow peak, 22Ne(α,n)25Mg is the other main neutron source in stars. Its cross section is mostly unknown in the relevant stellar energy (450 keV < Ecm < 750 keV), where only upper limits from direct experiments and highly uncertain estimates from indirect sou…

Advances in Radiative Capture Studies at LUNA with a Segmented BGO Detector
Jakub Skowronski, Riccardo Maria Gesu\`e, Axel Boeltzig, Giovanni Francesco Ciani, Denise Piatti, David Rapagnani, Marialuisa Aliotta, Chemsedinne Ananna, Francesco Barile, Daniel Bemmerer, Andreas Best, Carlo Broggini, Carlo Giovanni Bruno, Antonio Caciolli, Matteo Campostrini, Francesca Cavanna, Paolo Colombetti, Alessandro Compagnucci, Piero Corvisiero, Laszlo Csedreki, Tom Davinson, Rosanna Depalo, Antonino…

Advances in Radiative Capture Studies at LUNA with a Segmented BGO Detector
Studies of charged-particle reactions for low-energy nuclear astrophysics require high sensitivity, which can be achieved by means of detection setups with high efficiency and low backgrounds, to obtain precise measurements in the energy region of interest for stellar scenarios. High-efficiency total absorption spectroscopy is an established and powerful tool for studying radiative capture reactions, particularly if combined with the cosmic background reduction by several orders of magnitude ob…

Pick Six: A stellar showing from the defense gives Raiders their best chance to end Broncos' nine-game winning streak https://www.raiders.com/news/pick-six-a-stellar-showing-from-the-defense-gives-…

Constraints on Radial Gas Flows in the Milky Way Disk Revealed by Large Stellar Age Catalogs
James W. Johnson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05223 https://arxi…

Constraints on Radial Gas Flows in the Milky Way Disk Revealed by Large Stellar Age Catalogs
Disk galaxies like the Milky Way are expected to experience gas flows carrying matter toward their centers. This paper investigates the role of these radial gas flows in models of Galactic chemical evolution (GCE). We follow five different parameterizations of the Galactocentric radial velocity, $v_{r,g}$, of the interstellar medium (ISM). Relative to the $v_{r,g}=0$ limit, all models predict stellar metallicity to decline less significantly with age in the outer disk and more significantly in …

Determining the impact of post-main-sequence stellar evolution on the transiting giant planet population: #planets: https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/research-highlights/ageing-stars-may-be-destroying-their-closest-planets

JWST occultation reveals unforeseen complexity in Chariklo's ring system
Pablo Santos-Sanz, Altair R. Gomes-J\'unior, Bruno E. Morgado, Yucel Kilic, Csilla E. Kalup, Csaba Kiss, Chrystian L. Pereira, Bryan J. Holler, Nicol\'as Morales, Jos\'e Luis Ortiz, Bruno Sicardy, Juan Luis Rizos, John Stansberry, Richard G. French, Heidi B. Hammel, Zhong-Yi Lin, Damya Souami, Josselin Desmars, Stefanie N. Milam, Felipe Braga-Ribas, Marcelo Assafin, Gustavo Benedetti-Rossi, Julio I…

JWST occultation reveals unforeseen complexity in Chariklo's ring system
Ring systems have recently been discovered around several small bodies in the outer Solar System through stellar occultations. While such measurements provide key information on ring geometry and dynamical interactions, little is known about their composition, grain size distribution, origin, lifetime, or evolutionary pathways. Here we report near-infrared observations from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of a stellar occultation by the Centaur (10199) Chariklo, providing unprecedented co…

Drake Maye continues stellar second season in Monday night debut as Patriots roll https://www.nfl.com/news/drake-maye-continues-stellar-second-season-in-monday-night-debut-as-patriots-roll

Exploring Stellar Activity in a Sample of Active M Dwarfs
A. S. Rajpurohit, V. Kumar, K. Srivastava Mudit, L. Labadie, K. Rajpurohit, J. G. Fernandez-Trincado
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02693

Exploring Stellar Activity in a Sample of Active M Dwarfs
Most M dwarfs show higher chromospheric activity, often exceeding solar levels. Characterizing stellar activity is essential, particularly since these stars are prime targets in the search for habitable exoplanets. We investigate the stellar activity of active M dwarfs using TESS photometry combined with spectroscopic observations. We explore relations between flare occurrence rate (FOR), flare energies, rotation period, starspot filling factor, and chromospheric indicators. We also examine cor…

Machine Learning Techniques to Distinguish Giant Stars from Dwarf Stars Using Only Photometry -- Pushing Redwards
Keyi Ding, Carrie Filion, Rosemary F. G. Wyse, Evan N. Kirby, Itsuki Ogami, Masashi Chiba, Yutaka Komiyama, L\'aszl\'o Dobos, Alexander S. Szalay
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07005

Machine Learning Techniques to Distinguish Giant Stars from Dwarf Stars Using Only Photometry -- Pushing Redwards
We present our photometric method, which combines Subaru/HSC $NB515$, g, and i band filters to distinguish giant stars in Local Group galaxies from Milky Way dwarf contamination. The $NB515$ filter is a narrow-band filter that covers the MgI+MgH features at $5150$ Å, and is sensitive to stellar surface gravity. Using synthetic photometry derived from large empirical stellar spectral libraries, we model the $NB515$ filter's sensitivity to stellar atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances. …

Protoplanetary disc population synthesis I. Constraining disc parameters to reproduce disc observations
Jose L. Gomez, Octavio M. Guilera, Marcelo M. Miller Bertolami, Elisa Castro-Mart\'inez, Mar\'ia Paula Ronco
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06978

Protoplanetary disc population synthesis I. Constraining disc parameters to reproduce disc observations
Context. Protoplanetary discs are the birthplaces of planets. Recent studies highlight the role of stellar mass sampling in determining disc lifetimes from the observed fraction of stars with discs. Low-mass stars tend to host longer-lived discs, allowing planet formation via solid accretion. Observations also reveal a strong correlation between stellar (and substellar) mass and accretion rate, typically following $\dot{M}\propto M_\star^2$. Aims. We aim to identify the optimal parameters of a …

From Earthbound to Stars: Analyzing Humanity's Path to a Type II Civilization
Jonathan H. Jiang, Prithwis Das
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03249 https://…

From Earthbound to Stars: Analyzing Humanity's Path to a Type II Civilization
Humanity is at a critical juncture, marked by rapid technological advances and the pursuit of higher civilization stages on the Kardashev scale. This study explores humanity's potential progression toward Type I and Type II civilizations, defined by planetary and stellar-scale energy utilization. Building on Kardashev's framework, we propose refinements that integrate energy consumption, information processing, construction mass, and population dynamics. Using machine learning, we analyze globa…

A Kinematic History of Stellar Encounters with Beta Pictoris
Jose Luis Gragera-M\'as (Centro de Astrobiolog\'ia, Departamento de F\'isica de la Tierra y Astrof\'isica, Facultad de Ciencias F\'isicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid), Santiago Torres (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Alexander James Mustill (Lund Observatory, Division of Astrophysics, Department of Physics, Lund University), Eva Villaver (Instituto de Astrof\'isica de Canarias, Uni…

A Kinematic History of Stellar Encounters with Beta Pictoris
Beta Pictoris is an A-type star hosting a complex planetary system with two massive gas giants and a prominent debris disk. Variable absorption lines in its stellar spectrum have been interpreted as signatures of exocomets (comet-like bodies transiting the star). Stellar flybys can gravitationally perturb objects in the outer comet reservoir, altering their orbits and potentially injecting them into the inner system, thereby triggering exocomet showers. We aim to assess the contribution of st…

StrCGAN: A Generative Framework for Stellar Image Restoration
Shantanusinh Parmar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.19805 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.19805

StrCGAN: A Generative Framework for Stellar Image Restoration
We introduce StrCGAN (Stellar Cyclic GAN), a generative model designed to enhance low-resolution astrophotography images. Our goal is to reconstruct high-fidelity ground truth-like representations of celestial objects, a task that is challenging due to the limited resolution and quality of small-telescope observations such as the MobilTelesco dataset. Traditional models such as CycleGAN provide a foundation for image-to-image translation but are restricted to 2D mappings and often distort the m…

Analytic Interferometry of Rotating Stellar Surfaces
Shashank Dholakia, Benjamin J. S. Pope
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25433 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.254…

Analytic Interferometry of Rotating Stellar Surfaces
The surfaces of rotating stars serve as a window into their interiors, magnetic dynamos, and are important in other areas including exoplanet discovery and atmospheric characterization. While indirect techniques such as photometry and Doppler imaging have been studied for their ability to map stellar surfaces, the gold standard remains optical long-baseline interferometry. In this paper, we develop new closed-form solutions for the interferometric visibility of a rotating star with an arbitrary…

Diagnosing the Properties and Evolutionary Fates of Black Hole and Wolf-Rayet X-ray Binaries as Potential Gravitational Wave Sources for the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Network
Zi-Yuan Wang, Ying Qin, Georges Meynet, Qing-Zhong Liu, Xin-Wen Shu, Ya-Wen Xue, Liang Yuan, Jun-Qian Li, Kun Jia, Han-Feng Song
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06741

Diagnosing the Properties and Evolutionary Fates of Black Hole and Wolf-Rayet X-ray Binaries as Potential Gravitational Wave Sources for the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Network
IC 10 X-1, NGC 300 X-1, and Cyg X-3 represent a unique class of X-ray binaries consisting of a stellar-mass black hole (BH) accreting material from a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star companion. These systems are particularly intriguing due to their short orbital periods (less than 1.5 d), making them promising progenitors of gravitational wave (GW) sources detectable by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) network. With a newly implemented prescription for accretion efficiency in the standard Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton (…

Simulations of Globular Cluster Evolution with Multiple Stellar Populations
Mirek Giersz, Abbas Askar, Arkadiusz Hypki, Jongsuk Hong, Grzegorz Wiktorowicz, Lucas Hellstrom
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06942

Simulations of Globular Cluster Evolution with Multiple Stellar Populations
The formation of stars with light-element abundance variations in globular clusters and the subsequent dynamical evolution of these multiple populations remains an open question. One of the most widely discussed is the AGB scenario, in which chemically processed material from the envelopes of AGB stars mixes with re-accreted primordial gas flowing into the center of the cluster. Based on this scenario, more than two hundred MOCCA simulations of cluster evolution have been carried out, incorpora…

Physical interpretation of the oscillation spectrum on the RGB and AGB
G. Dr\'eau, Y. Lebreton, B. Mosser, D. Stello
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04955 https://

Physical interpretation of the oscillation spectrum on the RGB and AGB
The high-frequency resolution of the four-year $\textit{Kepler}$ time series allows detailed study of seismic modes in luminous giants. Seismic observables help infer interior structures via comparisons with stellar models. We aim to investigate differences between H-shell (Red-Giant Branch; RGB) and He-burning (red clump and Asymptotic-Giant Branch; AGB) stars in the He-II ionisation zone and the sensitivity of seismic parameters to input physics in stellar models. We used a grid of stellar mo…

Azimuthal Misalignments in Stellar Warp Structure as Dynamical Tracers of Mergers in Milky Way-like Galaxies
Lekshmi Thulasidharan, Elena D'Onghia, Robert Benjamin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04194 …

Azimuthal Misalignments in Stellar Warp Structure as Dynamical Tracers of Mergers in Milky Way-like Galaxies
We investigate the origin of warps in stellar disks using high-resolution Milky Way analogs from the IllustrisTNG50 simulation. Focusing on galaxies that experienced a major merger, we identify a characteristic azimuthal misalignment between the warp structures of stellar populations formed before and after the merger. This misalignment persists even after correcting for differential rotation, suggesting it is a dynamical imprint of the merger rather than a consequence of internal kinematics. I…

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- Comparing LSTM-Based Sequence-to-Sequence Forecasting Strategies for 24-Hour Solar Proton Flux Pr...
Kangwoo Yi, Bo Shen, Qin Li, Haimin Wang, Yong-Jae Moon, Jaewon Lee, Hwanhee Lee

Scalarized Hot Neutron Stars Containing Hyperons and $\Delta$-Resonances in Different Evolution Regimes
Fahimeh Rahimi, Zeinab Rezaei, Adamu Issifu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05302

Scalarized Hot Neutron Stars Containing Hyperons and $Δ$-Resonances in Different Evolution Regimes
Scalar-tensor gravity models are among the prime candidates to explain cosmic acceleration, and compact stars provide unique laboratories for testing such theories. Predictions of scalar-tensor gravity in compact stars can be examined during the evolution of neutron stars. Spontaneous scalarization in relativistic stars is influenced by different properties of stellar matter in various evolution regimes. In the present study, we investigate the scalarization of neutron stars in different stages…

Jonathan Gannon stands by Kyler Murray despite stellar Jacoby Brissett performance

https://www.cbssports.com/nfl/news/kyler-murray-cardinals-qb-jacoby-brissett-…

MEGATRON: how the first stars create an iron metallicity plateau in the smallest dwarf galaxies
Martin P. Rey, Harley Katz, Corentin Cadiou, Mahsa Sanati, Oscar Agertz, Jeremy Blaizot, Alex J. Cameron, Nicholas Choustikov, Julien Devriendt, Uliana Hauk, Alexander P. Ji, Gareth C. Jones, Taysun Kimm, Isaac Laseter, Sergio Martin-Alvarez, Kosei Matsumoto, Autumn Pearce, Yves Revaz, Francisco Rodriguez Montero, Joki Rosdahl, Aayush Saxena, Adrianne Slyz, Richard Stiskalek, Anatole Storck,…

MEGATRON: how the first stars create an iron metallicity plateau in the smallest dwarf galaxies
We study the stellar mass-iron metallicity relation of dwarf galaxies in the new high-resolution MEGATRON cosmological radiation-hydrodynamics simulations. These simulations model galaxy formation up to $z\approx8$ in a region that will collapse into a Milky-Way-like galaxy at $z=0$, while self-consistently tracking Population III and II (Pop.~III, Pop.~II) star formation, feedback and chemical enrichment. MEGATRON dwarf galaxies are in excellent agreement with the observed stellar mass-metalli…

JWST/NIRCam View of the Resolved Stellar Populations of the Interacting #DwarfGalaxies NGC 4485 and NGC 4490: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/adfccc -> A dance of dwarf galaxies: https://esawebb.org/images/potm2511a/

Ionized gas components in low surface brightness galaxy AGC 111629
Tian-Wen Cao, Pei-Bin Chen, Zi-Jian Li, Cheng Cheng, Venu M. Kalari, Meng-Ting Shen, Chun-Yi Zhang, Junfeng Wang, Gaspar Galaz, Hong Wu, Zi-Qi Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06667

Ionized gas components in low surface brightness galaxy AGC 111629
We present integral field spectroscopy of ionized gas components in AGC 111629, an edge-on low surface brightness galaxy (LSBG) with a stellar mass of 5.7$\times$10$^{8}$ M$_{\odot}$. AGC 111629 displays an irregular H$α$ morphology and an arch-like structure in the extraplanar region, which is absent in continuous stellar image. The irregular H$α$ morphology may be related to a past merger event with its satellite galaxy AGC 748815. A peanut-shaped structure at the center in the integrated […

Is the high-energy environment of K2-18b special?
S. Rukdee, M. G\"udel, I. Vilovi\'c, K. Poppenh\"ager, S. Boro Saikia, J. Buchner, B. Stelzer, G. Roccetti, J. V. Seidel, V. Burwitz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06939

Is the high-energy environment of K2-18b special?
K2-18b lies near the radius valley that separates super-Earths and sub-Neptunes, marking a key transitional regime in planetary and atmospheric composition. The system offers a valuable opportunity to study how M-dwarf high-energy stellar radiation influences atmospheric stability and the potential for sustaining volatile species, especially important in the context of the upcoming ELT and its ANDES spectrograph. This study characterizes the high-energy environment of K2-18 with X-ray observati…

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- Machine-learning inference of stellar properties using integrated photometric and spectroscopic data
Ilay Kamai, Alex M. Bronstein, Hagai B. Perets

The challenging first direct measurement of the 65 keV resonance strength in the $^{17}$O(p,$\gamma$)$^{18}$F reaction at LUNA
D. Piatti, LUNA Collaboration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04597

The challenging first direct measurement of the 65 keV resonance strength in the $^{17}$O(p,$γ$)$^{18}$F reaction at LUNA
A precise determination of the proton capture rates on oxygen is mandatory to predict the abundance ratios of oxygen isotopes in a stellar environment where the hydrogen burning is active. The 17O(p,γ)18F reaction, in particular, plays a crucial role in AGB nucleosynthesis as well as in explosive hydrogen burning occurring in novae and type I supernovae. At the temperature of interest for the former scenario (from 20 MK to 80 MK) the main contribution to the astrophysical reaction rate comes f…

Cowboys' Dak Prescott details 'huge' benefit of stellar run game https://www.sportingnews.com/us/nfl/dallas-cowboys/news/cowboys-dak-prescott-details-huge-benefit-stellar-run-game/189ba46d876214…

On the Formation of GW231123 in Population III Star Clusters
Shuai Liu, Long Wang, Ataru Tanikawa, Weiwei Wu, Michiko S. Fujii
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05634 https://

On the Formation of GW231123 in Population III Star Clusters
GW231123 is a binary black hole merger whose primary component lies within or above the pair-instability mass gap, while the secondary component falls within this gap. The standard theory of stellar evolution is significantly challenged by this event. We investigate the formation of candidate progenitors of GW231123 in Population III (Pop3) star clusters. We find that they could form through stellar mergers, binary black hole mergers, and mixed mergers. The mass distribution of these candidate …

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- Distribution of Europium in The Milky Way Disk; Its Connection to Planetary Habitability and The ...
Carrasco, Shetrone, Nimmo, Ramirez-Ruiz, Primack, Batalha

Machine Learning for Radial Velocity Analysis I: Vision Transformers as a Robust Alternative for Detecting Planetary Candidates
Anoop Gavankar, Tanish Mittal, Joe Ninan, Shravan Hanasoge
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07034

Machine Learning for Radial Velocity Analysis I: Vision Transformers as a Robust Alternative for Detecting Planetary Candidates
Extreme precision radial velocity (EPRV) surveys usually require extensive observational baselines to confirm planetary candidates, making them resource-intensive. Traditionally, periodograms are used to identify promising candidate signals before further observational investment, but their effectiveness is often limited for low-amplitude signals due to stellar jitter. In this work, we develop a machine learning (ML) framework based on a Transformer architecture that aims to detect the presence…

Jim Harbaugh on Chargers QB's three-TD night: 'Just another stellar performance by Justin Herbert' https://www.nfl.com/news/jim-harbaugh-on-chargers-qb-s-three-td-night-just-another-stellar-performance-by-justin-h…

Since it's getting misreported everywhere: this image of the stellar stream of the #galaxy #Messier61 by #Rubin - from A #StellarStream around the Spiral Galaxy Messier 61 in Rubin First Look Imaging: #AmateurAstronomers in 2020, 2024 and earlier in 2025: https://www.flickr.com/photos/133259498@N05/50665292533/ and https://www.galactic-hunter.com/post/messier-61-astrophotography and https://app.astrobin.com/i/0az5qv and https://app.astrobin.com/i/ldptvo - and these are just the results I could track down easily.

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- Modeling gravitational wave sources in the MillenniumTNG simulations
Marinacci, Baldi, Iorio, Artale, Mapelli, Springel, Bose, Hernquist

HR-pyPopStar II: high spectral resolution evolutionary synthesis models low metallicity expansion and the properties of the stellar populations of dwarf galaxies
I. Mill\'an-Irigoyen, M. Moll\'a, M. Cervi\~no, M. L. Garc\'ia-Vargas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02886

HR-pyPopStar II: high spectral resolution evolutionary synthesis models low metallicity expansion and the properties of the stellar populations of dwarf galaxies
Low metallicity stellar populations are very abundant in the Universe, either as the remnants of the past history of the Milky Way or similar spiral galaxies, or the young low metallicity stellar populations that are being observed in the local dwarf galaxies or in the high-z objects with low metal content recently found with JWST. Our goal is to develop new high-spectral-resolution models tailored for low-metallicity environments and apply them to analyse stellar population data, particularly …

[2025-10-08 Wed (UTC), 15 new articles found for astro-ph.SR Solar and Stellar Astrophysics]
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[2025-10-09 Thu (UTC), 7 new articles found for astro-ph.SR Solar and Stellar Astrophysics]
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The origin of the galaxy size-stellar metallicity relation: A semi-analytical perspective
Kai Wang (Durham University)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02573 https://

The origin of the galaxy size-stellar metallicity relation: A semi-analytical perspective
Stellar metallicity encodes the integrated effects of gas inflow, star formation, and feedback-driven outflow, yet its connection to galaxy structure remains poorly understood. Using SDSS-IV MaNGA, we present the direct observational evidence that, at fixed stellar mass, smaller central galaxies are systematically more metal-rich, with a Spearman's rank correlation coefficient reaching $R_{\rm s}\approx -0.4$. The semi-analytical model L-GALAXIES reproduces this anti-correlation, albeit with a …

Radio burst from a stellar coronal mass ejection: #CoronalMassEjection (CME) seen on our Sun, and implies a devasting impact for any planet unlucky enough to orbit the star.

On the origin of counterrotating stellar disks in TNG50. I
M. C. Bugue\~no, Facundo A. G\'omez, Arianna Dolfi, Patricia B. Tissera
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03106 https://

On the origin of counterrotating stellar disks in TNG50. I
Understanding galaxy evolution is key to explaining the structures we observe in the present-day Universe. Counterrotating stellar disks (CRDs), i.e. co-spatial stellar disks rotating with opposite angular momentum, have been proposed as signatures of past accretion events. Therefore, they constitute potentially valuable tracers of galactic assembly. We aim to investigate the properties, formation, and significance of CRDs in a sample of Milky Way mass galaxies using the IllustrisTNG cosmologic…

The influence of rotation and metallicity on the explodability of massive stars
Renyu Luo, Chunhua Zhu, Guoliang L\"u, Helei Liu, Sufen Guo, Lei Li, Zhuowen Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06043

The influence of rotation and metallicity on the explodability of massive stars
During the late stages of massive stellar evolution, failed supernovae (FSN) may form through core-collapse processes. The traditional evaluation criterion $ξ_{2.5}$ $=$ 0.45, primarily established using non-rotating progenitor models, suffers from significant inaccuracies when applied to rotating pre-supernova systems. The effects of metallicity and rotation on the explodability landscapes of massive stars lack robust quantification. We aim to investigate how rotation and metallicity influenc…

An in-depth study of brown dwarfs with TESS
F. Marcadon, A. Pr\v{s}a
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05852 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.05852

An in-depth study of brown dwarfs with TESS
The existence of a deficit of brown dwarfs (BDs) in close orbit around main-sequence stars is one of the most intriguing questions in stellar physics. This so-called BD desert may result from the transition between two different dominant formation processes occurring for different mass regimes. While the BD mass derived from radial-velocity measurements helps confirm the nature of the analyzed objects, the BD radius obtained from transits is important to better constrain the BD age, as BDs are …

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- First Temperature Profile of a Stellar Flare using Differential Chromatic Refraction
Clarke, Bianco, Davenport, Cooke, Webb, Andreoni, Pritchard, Roodman

Stellar flare detection in XMM-Newton with gradient boosted trees
Mario Pasquato, Martino Marelli, Andrea De Luca, Ruben Salvaterra, Gaia Carenini, Andrea Belfiore, Andrea Tiengo, Paolo Esposito
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24954

Stellar flare detection in XMM-Newton with gradient boosted trees
The EXTraS project, based on data collected with the XMM-Newton observatory, provided us with a vast amount of light curves for X-ray sources. For each light curve, EXTraS also provided us with a set of features (https://extras.inaf.it). We extract from the EXTraS database a tabular dataset of 31,832 variable sources by 108 features. Of these, 13,851 sources were manually labeled as stellar flares or non-flares based on direct visual inspection. We employ a supervised learning approach to produ…

Inferring Stellar Densities with Flexible Models I: The Distribution of RR Lyrae in the Milky Way with $\textit{Gaia}$ DR3
Madeline Lucey, Cecilia Mateu, Adrian Price-Whelan, David Hogg, Hans-Walter Rix, Robyn Sanderson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03221

Inferring Stellar Densities with Flexible Models I: The Distribution of RR Lyrae in the Milky Way with $\textit{Gaia}$ DR3
Understanding the formation and evolutionary history of the Milky Way requires detailed mapping of its stellar components, which preserve fossil records of the Galaxy's assembly through cosmic time. RR Lyrae stars are particularly well-suited for this endeavor, as they are old, standard candle variables that probe the Galaxy's earliest formation epochs. In this work, we employ a hierarchical Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) to characterize the three-dimensional density distribution of RR L…

Revisiting the Atmosphere of HD 149026b: The Role of Stellar Abundances and Choice of Opacities in Exoplanet Atmosphere Modeling
Priyanka Baghel, Jayesh Goyal, Gaurav Shukla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25785

Revisiting the Atmosphere of HD 149026b: The Role of Stellar Abundances and Choice of Opacities in Exoplanet Atmosphere Modeling
Planet formation occurs within the same molecular cloud as the host star, suggesting a link between the elemental abundances of star and the planet. Exoplanet atmosphere studies often assume solar abundances for host stars, however, specific host star abundances might lead to more accurate constraints. In this work, we perform sensitivity studies for a metal rich stellar host HD 149026 and its exoplanet HD 149026b, to understand the effect of solar versus stellar abundance choice on the $P$-$T$…

[2025-10-09 Thu (UTC), 7 new articles found for astro-ph.SR Solar and Stellar Astrophysics]
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Mapping the Stellar Kinematics in the Central 240 Parsecs of M87 with the James Webb Space Telescope
Refa M. Al-Amri, Jonelle L. Walsh, Emily R. Liepold, Chung-Pei Ma, Jenny E. Greene
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02439

Mapping the Stellar Kinematics in the Central 240 Parsecs of M87 with the James Webb Space Telescope
The supermassive black hole (SMBH) in the giant elliptical galaxy M87 is one of the most well-studied in the local universe, but the stellar- and gas-dynamical SMBH mass measurements disagree. As this galaxy is a key anchor for the upper end of the SMBH mass$-$host galaxy relations, we revisit the central $3''\times 3''$ ($\sim 240\times240$ pc) region of M87 with the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) integral field unit (IFU) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We implement several im…

Accessing the fine temporal scale of EUV brightenings and their quasi-periodic pulsations: 1 second cadence observations by Solar Orbiter/EUI
Daye Lim, Tom Van Doorsselaere, Nancy Narang, Laura A. Hayes, Emil Kraaikamp, Aadish Joshi, Konstantina Loumou, Cis Verbeeck, David Berghmans, Krzysztof Barczynski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05810

Accessing the fine temporal scale of EUV brightenings and their quasi-periodic pulsations: 1 second cadence observations by Solar Orbiter/EUI
Small scale extreme ultraviolet (EUV) transient brightenings are observationally abundant and critically important to investigate. Determining whether they share the same physical mechanisms as larger scale flares would have significant implications for the coronal heating problem. A recent study has revealed that quasi periodic pulsations (QPPs), a common feature in both solar and stellar flares, may also be present in EUV brightenings in the quiet Sun (QS). We aim to characterise the properti…

A Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Young Stellar Objects in the SMC Region NGC 346: JWST Detects Dust, Accretion, Ices and Outflows
Nolan Habel, Omnarayani Nayak, Patrick J. Kavanagh, Olivia C. Jones, Margaret Meixner, Guido De Marchi, Laura Lenkic, Alec S. Hirschauer, Katia Biazzo, Jeroen Jaspers, Conor Nally, Massimo Robberto, Ciaran Rogers, Elena Sabbi, Beth A. Sargent, Peter Zeidler

A Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Young Stellar Objects in the SMC Region NGC 346: JWST Detects Dust, Accretion, Ices and Outflows
We present mid-infrared spectroscopic observations of intermediate- to high-mass young stellar objects (YSOs) in the low-metallicity star-forming region NGC 346 located within the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We conduct these integral-field-unit observations with the Mid-Infrared Instrument Medium Resolution Spectroscopy instrument on board JWST. The brightest and most active star-forming region in the SMC, NGC 346 has a metallicity of $\sim$1/5 $Z_{\odot}$, analogous to the era when star form…

StarEmbed: Benchmarking Time Series Foundation Models on Astronomical Observations of Variable Stars
Weijian Li, Hong-Yu Chen, Qinjie Lin, Nabeel Rehemtulla, Ved G. Shah, Dennis Wu, Adam A. Miller, Han Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06200

StarEmbed: Benchmarking Time Series Foundation Models on Astronomical Observations of Variable Stars
Time series foundation models (TSFMs) are increasingly being adopted as highly-capable general-purpose time series representation learners. Although their training corpora are vast, they exclude astronomical time series data. Observations of stars produce peta-scale time series with unique challenges including irregular sampling and heteroskedasticity. We introduce StarEmbed, the first public benchmark for rigorous and standardized evaluation of state-of-the-art TSFMs on stellar time series obs…

A systematic meta-analysis of physical parameters of Galactic supernova remnants
I. Chousein-Basia, A. Zezas, I. Leonidaki, M. Kopsacheili
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05202 https…

A systematic meta-analysis of physical parameters of Galactic supernova remnants
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are the aftermath of massive stellar explosions or of a white dwarf in a binary system, representing critical phases in the life cycle of stars and playing an important role in galactic evolution. Physical properties of SNRs such as their shock velocity, density and age are important elements for constraining models for their evolution and understanding the physical processes responsible for their morphological appearance and emission processes. Our study provides, for…

Understanding an origin of palladium in metal-poor stars based on the non-LTE analysis of Pd~I lines
L. Mashonkina, A. Smogorzhevskii
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06968 https://…

Understanding an origin of palladium in metal-poor stars based on the non-LTE analysis of Pd~I lines
Palladium is one of poorly observed neutron-capture elements. Abundance determinations for stellar samples covering a broad metallicity range are needed for better understanding the mechanisms of Pd synthesis during the Galaxy evolution. We aim to obtain accurate abundances of Pd for the Sun and the sample of metal-poor stars based on the non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) line formation for Pd~I. We present a new, comprehensive model atom of Pd~I. Abundances of Pd, Sr, Ba, and Eu we…

Resolving Star Cluster Formation in Galaxy Simulations with Cosmic Ray Feedback
Brandon Sike, Mateusz Ruszkowski, Oleg Y. Gnedin, Yingtian Chen, Matthias Weber, Timon Thomas, Christoph Pfrommer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06134

Resolving Star Cluster Formation in Galaxy Simulations with Cosmic Ray Feedback
Star clusters host the massive stars responsible for feedback in star-forming galaxies. Stellar feedback shapes the interstellar medium (ISM), affecting the formation of future star clusters. To self-consistently capture the interplay between feedback and star formation, a model must resolve the parsec-scale star formation sites and the multiphase ISM. Additionally, the dynamical impact of cosmic rays (CRs) on star formation rates (SFRs) must also be considered. We present the first simulations…

The formation of Gaia BH3
Daniel Mar\'in Pina, Mark Gieles, Sara Rastello, Giuliano Iorio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07021 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.0…

The formation of Gaia BH3
The Gaia collaboration announced the discovery of a massive black hole (BH) with a low-mass giant star companion, Gaia BH3, located in the ED-2 stellar stream. The properties of Gaia BH3 bridge the gap between known Milky Way BHs and extragalactic BHs found with gravitational waves (GWs). We aim to determine the most likely formation scenario for Gaia BH3 in the progenitor cluster of the ED-2 stream. We perform $N$-body simulations of that progenitor cluster and find that, most likely, Gaia BH3…

Mass loading of outflows from evolving Young Massive Clusters
C. J. K. Larkin, C. Hawcroft, J. Mackey, R. R. Lefever, L. H\"arer, A. A. C. Sander
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06100

Mass loading of outflows from evolving Young Massive Clusters
Feedback from Young Massive Clusters (YMCs) is an important driver of galaxy evolution. In the first few Myr, mechanical feedback is dominated by collective effects of the massive stellar winds in the YMC. The mass-loss rates and terminal wind velocities of these stars change by orders of magnitude over pre-SN timescales as the massive stars evolve, and mass-loss rates of Cool Supergiant (CSG) stars in particular are uncertain by a factor $\sim~20$ or more. In this work we perform a first study…

ILLUSTRating red nugget assembly through observations and simulations
Micheli T. Moura, Anna Ferr\'e-Mateu, Ana L. Chies-Santos, Cristina Furlanetto, Michael A. Beasley
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05312

ILLUSTRating red nugget assembly through observations and simulations
The properties of massive and compact early-type galaxies provide important constraints on early galaxy formation. Among these, massive relic galaxies, characterized by old stellar populations and minimal late-time accretion, are considered preserved compact galaxies from the high-$z$ Universe. We investigate compact and massive galaxies (CMGs) using the TNG50 cosmological simulation, applying uniform selection criteria matching observational surveys at $z=0$, $z=0.3$, and $z=0.7$, enabling dir…

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- Constraining the $^{30}$P($p,\gamma)^{31}$S reaction rate in ONe novae via the weak, low-energy, ...
T. Budner, et al.

Central Massive Black Holes Are Not Ubiquitous in Local Low-Mass Galaxies
Fan Zou, Elena Gallo, Anil C. Seth, Edmund Hodges-Kluck, David Ohlson, Tommaso Treu, Vivienne F. Baldassare, W. N. Brandt, Jenny E. Greene, Piero Madau, Dieu D. Nguyen, Richard M. Plotkin, Amy E. Reines, Alberto Sesana, Jong-Hak Woo, Jianfeng Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs…

Central Massive Black Holes Are Not Ubiquitous in Local Low-Mass Galaxies
The black-hole occupation fraction ($f_\mathrm{occ}$) defines the fraction of galaxies that harbor central massive black holes (MBHs), irrespective of their accretion activity level. While it is widely accepted that $f_\mathrm{occ}$ is nearly 100% in local massive galaxies with stellar masses $M_\star \gtrsim 10^{10}~M_\odot$, it is not yet clear whether MBHs are ubiquitous in less-massive galaxies. In this work, we present new constraints on $f_\mathrm{occ}$ based on over 20 years of Chandra i…

The Prevalence of Bursty Star Formation in Low-Mass Galaxies at z=1-7 from H{\alpha}-to-UV Diagnostics
Marissa N. Perry (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Anthony J. Taylor (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Oscar A. Chavez Ortiz (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Steven L. Finkelstein (The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Astronomy), Gene C. K. Leung (MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and S…

The Prevalence of Bursty Star Formation in Low-Mass Galaxies at z=1-7 from Hα-to-UV Diagnostics
We present an analysis of bursty star-formation histories (SFHs) of 346 star-forming galaxies at $1\lesssim z<7$, selected from JWST/NIRSpec G395M and PRISM spectroscopy provided by the CEERS and RUBIES surveys. We analyze the correlation of star-formation rate vs. stellar mass (the star-forming main sequence, SFMS) for our sample and find no significant difference between the intrinsic scatter in the H$α$-based SFMS and the UV-continuum-based SFMS. However, the diagnostic power of the SFMS is…

Formation of A Nuclear Star Cluster Through A Merger Event In The Low Surface Brightness Galaxy AGC 223218
Tian-Wen Cao, Zi-Qi Chen, Zi-Jian Li, Cheng Cheng, Gaspar Galaz, Venu M. Kalari, Jun-feng Wang, Chun-Yi Zhang, Pei-Bin Chen, Meng-Ting Shen, Hong Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06668

Formation of A Nuclear Star Cluster Through A Merger Event In The Low Surface Brightness Galaxy AGC 223218
We present the properties of the nuclear star cluster (NSC) in the low surface brightness galaxy AGC 223218. The disk of the galaxy can be modeled using two S$\acute{\rm e}$rsic components with distinct central positions: one representing the inner bright disk and the other corresponding to the extended outer disk. We estimate the stellar masses of the NSC and the host galaxy using two methods: spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting and mass-to-light versus color relations (MLCRs). The stel…

MUSEQuBES: Physical conditions, origins, and multi-element abundances of the circumgalactic medium of an isolated, star-forming dwarf galaxy at z=0.57
Sean D. Johnson, Nishant Mishra, Sowgat Muzahid, Gwen C. Rudie, Fakhri S. Zahedy, Zhijie Qu, Claude-Andr\'e Faucher-Gigu\`ere, Jonathan Stern, Jennifer I-Hsiu Li, Elise Fuller, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Hsiao-Wen Chen, Ahmad Kadri, Suyash Kumar, Zhuoqi Will Liu, Gregory Walth

MUSEQuBES: Physical conditions, origins, and multi-element abundances of the circumgalactic medium of an isolated, star-forming dwarf galaxy at z=0.57
In dwarf galaxy models, outflows expel metal-enriched interstellar medium (ISM) into the circumgalactic medium (CGM) to reproduce their observed low metallicities, but measurements of dwarf CGM properties are scarce. We present a study of the CGM of an isolated dwarf at $z=0.5723$ with a stellar mass of $\approx5\times10^7\rm\,M_{\odot}$ and star-formation rate ($\approx0.05\,\rm M_\odot\,yr^{-1}$) and ISM metallicity ($\rm [O/H]\approx-0.9$) consistent with the star-forming main sequence and m…

Confirming Near- to Mid-IR Photometrically-Identified Obscured AGNs in the JWST era
George H. Rieke, Yang Sun, Jianwei Lyu, Christopher N. A. Willmer, Yongda Zhu, Pierluigi Rinaldi, Meredith A. Stone, Kevin N. Hainline, Pablo G. Perez-Gonzalez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07303

Confirming Near- to Mid-IR Photometrically-Identified Obscured AGNs in the JWST era
We evaluate the underlying assumptions for the identification of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) through near- and mid-infrared photometry and spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting out to z ~ 3. For massive galaxies, log(M) > 9.5, our high resolution spectra of the rest optical range generally confirm the results of SED fitting, which relies primarily on excesses above the stellar emission between 1 and 6 microns to identify AGN. However, the method is undermined if the redshift used for the…

[2025-10-07 Tue (UTC), 12 new articles found for astro-ph.SR Solar and Stellar Astrophysics]
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Characterizing the variability of a sample of massive stars in eclipsing binaries
C. I. Eze (Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Warsaw, Poland, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria), G. Handler (Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Warsaw, Poland), F. Kahraman Ali\c{c}avu\c{s} (\c{C}anakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Sciences, Physics Department, \c{C}anakkale, T\"urkiye), T. Pawar (Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center,…

Characterizing the variability of a sample of massive stars in eclipsing binaries
Massive stars exhibit a perplexing mismatch between their inferred masses from different observational techniques, posing a significant challenge to our understanding of stellar evolution and structure. This discrepancy is believed to be caused by the underestimation of the convective core masses. The efficiency of such measurement is usually impaired by a lot of processes at work in the interior of the stars such as convective core overshooting and interior rotation. By integrating the precisi…

M3DIS - A grid of 3D radiation-hydrodynamics stellar atmosphere models for stellar surveys. II. Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars
Philipp Eitner, Maria Bergemann, Richard Hoppe, Nicholas Storm, Veronika Lipatova, Simon C. O. Glover, Ralf S. Klessen, {\AA}ke Nordlund, Andrius Popovas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24555

M3DIS - A grid of 3D radiation-hydrodynamics stellar atmosphere models for stellar surveys. II. Carbon-enhanced metal-poor stars
Understanding the origin and evolution of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars is key to tracing the Galaxy's early chemical enrichment. We investigate how realistic 3D radiation-hydrodynamics (RHD) model atmospheres affect carbon abundances in CEMP stars and implications for their classification and Galactic chemical evolution (GCE). We focus on biases from traditional 1D hydrostatic models. We use the M3DIS code to compute 3D RHD model atmospheres for main-sequence and sub-giant stars over…

Photometric stellar masses for galaxies in DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
Ivana Ebrov\'a, Michal B\'ilek, Ji\v{r}\'i Eli\'a\v{s}ek
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02257 …

Photometric stellar masses for galaxies in DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
In many areas of extragalactic astrophysics, we need to convert the luminosity of a galaxy into its stellar mass. In this work, we aim to find a simple and effective formula to estimate the stellar mass from the images of galaxies delivered by the currently popular DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. This survey provides an unsurpassed combination of a deep imaging with an extensive sky coverage in up to four photometric bands. We calibrated the sought formula against a sample of local galaxies observ…

The Stellar Content of NGC~3603 Revisited: Is the IMF Top Heavy?
Philip Massey, Nidia I. Morrell, Kathryn F. Neugent, Monica Herzog, Maria R. Drout, Caitlin O'Brien
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25099

The Stellar Content of NGC~3603 Revisited: Is the IMF Top Heavy?
Studies of the resolved stellar populations of young massive clusters have shown that the slope of the initial mass function appears to be the same everywhere, with no dependence on stellar density or metallicity. At the same time, studies of integrated properties of galaxies usually conclude that the IMF does vary, and must be top-heavy in starburst regions. In order to investigate this, we have carried out a long-term project to characterize the massive star content of NGC 3603, the nearest g…

Chronology of our Galaxy from Gaia colour-magnitude diagram fitting (ChronoGal): IV. On the inner Milky Way stellar age distribution
Tom\'as Ruiz-Lara, David Mirabal, Carme Gallart, Robert Grand, Francesca Fragkoudi, Isabel P\'erez, Santi Cassisi, Emma Fern\'andez-Alvar, Anna B. Queiroz, Guillem Aznar-Menargues, Yllari K. Gonz\'alez-Koda, Alicia Rivero, Francisco Surot, Guillaume F. Thomas, Rebekka Bieri, Facundo A. Gomez, R\"udiger Pakmor, Freeke van de Voort

Chronology of our Galaxy from Gaia colour-magnitude diagram fitting (ChronoGal): IV. On the inner Milky Way stellar age distribution
The Milky Way's inner region is dominated by a stellar bar and a boxy-peanut shaped bulge. However, which stellar populations inhabit the inner Galaxy or how star formation proceeded there is still unknown. The difficulty in studying these stars stems from their location in dense regions that are strongly impacted by extinction and crowding effects. In this work, we use star formation histories computed in the solar neighbourhood using Gaia Colour-Magnitude Diagram fitting to shed light onto th…

The demographics of core-collapse supernovae I. The role of binary evolution and CSM interaction
Andrea Ercolino, Harim Jin, Norbert Langer, Avishay Gal-Yam, Abel Schootemeijer, Caroline Mannes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04872

The demographics of core-collapse supernovae I. The role of binary evolution and CSM interaction
The observational properties of core-collapse supernovae (CC-SNe) are shaped by the envelopes of their progenitors. In massive binary systems, mass-transfer alters the pre-SN structures compared to single stars, leading to a diversity in SN explosions. Aims. We compute the distribution of CC-SN properties based on comprehensive detailed grids of single and binary stellar evolution models. We conduct a grid-based population synthesis to produce a synthetic population of CC-SNe, and compare it to…

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- An excess of luminous white dwarfs in the peculiar Galactic globular cluster NGC 2808
Laksh Gupta, Samyaday Choudhury, Annalisa Calamida, Christian I. Johnson, Domenico Nardiello

Crosslisted article(s) found for astro-ph.SR. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.SR/new
[1/1]:
- DIPSY: A new Disc Instability Population SYnthesis, I. Modeling, evolution of individual systems,...
O. Schib, C. Mordasini, A. Emsenhuber, R. Helled

Carbon and nitrogen as indicators of stellar evolution and age. A homogeneous sample of 44 open clusters from the Gaia-ESO Survey
G. Tautvai\v{s}ien\.e, A. Drazdauskas, \v{S}. Mikolaitis, R. Minkevi\v{c}i\=ut\.e, E. Stonkut\.e, S. Randich, A. Bragaglia, L. Magrini, R. Smiljanic, M. Ambrosch, V. Bagdonas, G. Casali, Y. Chorniy, C. Viscasillas V\'azquez
https…

Carbon and nitrogen as indicators of stellar evolution and age. A homogeneous sample of 44 open clusters from the Gaia-ESO Survey
Context. Low- and intermediate-mass giants undergo a complex chemical evolution that has yet to be observationally probed. The influence of core helium flash on the chemical composition of stellar atmospheres has been an open question since its theoretical prediction 60 years ago. Aims. Based on high-resolution spectral observations of 44 open star clusters in the Gaia-ESO survey, our aim is to perform the first large-scale homogeneous investigation into the carbon and nitrogen photospheric con…

Geometry of the Milky Way's dark matter from dynamical models of the tilted stellar halo
Adam M. Dillamore, Jason L. Sanders
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00095 https://…

Geometry of the Milky Way's dark matter from dynamical models of the tilted stellar halo
The shape and orientation of the Milky Way's dark matter halo remain poorly constrained. Observations of the accreted stellar halo show that it is triaxial and tilted with respect to the disc. If this configuration is long-lived, it can be used to place constraints on the shape and orientation of the dark matter halo that can support it close to steady state. We fit equilibrium orbit-superposition (Schwarzschild) models to the stellar halo in a realistic Milky Way potential with a tilted dark m…

MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) III. The White Dwarf Cooling Sequence
Evan B. Bauer, Aaron Dotter, Charlie Conroy, Tim Cunningham, Minjung Park, Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.21717

MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) III. The White Dwarf Cooling Sequence
We present a substantial update to the MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) library, extending the MIST model grids and isochrones down the white dwarf (WD) cooling sequence with realistic physics for WD cooling timescales. This work provides a large grid of MESA models for carbon-oxygen core WDs with hydrogen atmospheres (spectral type DA/DC), descended from full prior stellar evolution calculations. The model tracks, isochrones, and WD cooling timescale contours are available on the MIST…

Measurement of Dark Matter Substructure from the Kinematics of the GD-1 Stellar Stream
Jacob Nibauer, Ana Bonaca, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, David N. Spergel, Jenny E. Greene
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02247

Measurement of Dark Matter Substructure from the Kinematics of the GD-1 Stellar Stream
Stellar streams are sensitive tracers of low-mass dark matter subhalos and provide a means to test the Cold Dark Matter (CDM) paradigm on small scales. In this work, we connect the intrinsic velocity dispersion of the GD-1 stream to the number density and internal structure of dark matter subhalos in the mass range $10^5$-$10^9\ M_\odot$. We measure the radial velocity dispersion of GD-1 based on 160 identified member stars across four different spectroscopic catalogs. We use repeat observation…

[2025-10-06 Mon (UTC), 12 new articles found for astro-ph.SR Solar and Stellar Astrophysics]
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Analysis of Galaxies at the Extremes: Failed Galaxy Progenitors in the MAGNETICUM Simulations
Jonah S. Gannon, Lucas C. Kimmig, Duncan A. Forbes, Jean P. Brodie, Lucas M. Valenzuela, Rhea-Silvia Rhemus, Joel L. Pfeffer, Klaus Dolag
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.04416

Analysis of Galaxies at the Extremes: Failed Galaxy Progenitors in the MAGNETICUM Simulations
There is increasing observational evidence for a failed galaxy formation pathway for some ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) at low redshift however they currently lack simulated counterparts. We attempt to identify dark matter halos at high redshift within the MAGNETICUM cosmological simulations that could plausibly be their progenitors. We build a toy model of passive galaxy evolution within the stellar mass-halo mass relation to trace z = 0 observations of UDGs back to their z = 2 locations. We id…

Measuring the Central Dark Mass in NGC 4258 with JWST/NIRSpec Stellar Kinematics
Dieu D. Nguyen, Hai N. Ngo, Michele Cappellari, Tinh Q. T. Le, Tien H. T. Ho, Tuan N. Le, Elena Gallo, Niranjan Thatte, Fan Zou, Michele Perna, Miguel Pereira-Santaella
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.20519

Measuring the Central Dark Mass in NGC 4258 with JWST/NIRSpec Stellar Kinematics
We present a new stellar dynamical measurement of the supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4258, a critical benchmark for extragalactic mass measurements. We use archival JWST/NIRSpec IFU data (G235H/F170LP grating) to extract high-resolution two-dimensional stellar kinematics from the CO bandhead absorption features within the central $3'' \times 3''$. We extract the stellar kinematics after correcting for instrumental artifacts and separating the stellar light f…

The Role of Asteroseismology in Understanding Mass Loss in Red Giants
Sibel \"Ortel, Mutlu Y{\i}ld{\i}z
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02931 https://arxiv…

The Role of Asteroseismology in Understanding Mass Loss in Red Giants
Red giant stars play a key role in advancing our understanding of stellar mass loss. However, its initial mass and the amount of mass lost during this phase remain uncertain. In this study, we investigate the asteroseismic signatures of mass loss and the parameters that influence it. We examine six stars identified as red giant branch (RGB) stars in the APOKASC-2 catalog. Assuming these stars are on their first ascent of the RGB, we construct interior models. The resulting model ages are signif…

Photometric Analysis of 30 Contact Binaries in M31
Xiang Gao, Kai Li, Li-Heng Wang, Hai-bo Yuan, Hong-rui Gu, Ya-Ni Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.02993 https://

Photometric Analysis of 30 Contact Binaries in M31
M31, as the largest galaxy in the Local Group, is of significant importance for the study of stellar formation and evolution. Based on the data of 5,859 targets observed in M31 by Gu et al (\citeyear{2024ApJS..273....9G}), we selected 30 contact binaries by visual inspection for further study. Using the PHOEBE software and employing Bayesian optimization and Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling, we determined the physical parameters of these 30 systems. The results show that 10 systems exhibit the…

SAGAbg III: Environmental Stellar Mass Functions, Self-Quenching, and the Stellar-to-Halo Mass Relation in the Dwarf Galaxy Regime
Erin Kado-Fong, Yao-Yuan Mao, Yasmeen Asali, Marla Geha, Risa H. Wechsler, Mithi A. C. de los Reyes, Yunchong Wang, Ethan O. Nadler, Nitya Kallivayalil, Erik J. Tollerud, Benjamin Weiner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2…

SAGAbg III: Environmental Stellar Mass Functions, Self-Quenching, and the Stellar-to-Halo Mass Relation in the Dwarf Galaxy Regime
Recent efforts have extended our view of the number and properties of satellite galaxies beyond the Local Group firmly down to $\rm M_\star\sim 10^6 M_\odot$. A similarly complete view of the field dwarf population has lagged behind. Using the background galaxies sample from the Satellites Around Galactic Analogs (SAGA) Survey at $z<0.05$, we take inventory of the dwarf population down to $\rm M_\star \sim 5\times10^6 M_\odot$ using three metrics: the stellar mass function (SMF) as function of …

The Stellar Mass and Age Distributions of Star-Forming Clumps at $0.5 < z < 5$ in JWST CANUCS: Implications for Clump Formation and Destruction
Visal Sok, Adam Muzzin, Vivian Yun Yan Tan, Yoshihisa Asada, Maru\v{s}a Brada\v{c}, Nicholas S. Martis, Ga\"el Noirot, Ghassan T. E. Sarrouh, Marcin Sawicki, Chris J. Willott, Sunna Withers, Samantha C. Berek, Katherine Myers

The Stellar Mass and Age Distributions of Star-Forming Clumps at $0.5 < z < 5$ in JWST CANUCS: Implications for Clump Formation and Destruction
We investigate the resolved properties of star-forming clumps and their host galaxies at $0.5

The spatially-resolved effect of mergers on the stellar mass assembly of MaNGA galaxies
Eirini Angeloudi, Marc Huertas-Company, Jes\'us Falc\'on-Barroso, Laurence Perreault-Levasseur, Alexandre Adam, Alina Boecker
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25340

The spatially-resolved effect of mergers on the stellar mass assembly of MaNGA galaxies
Understanding the origin of stars within a galaxy - whether formed in-situ or accreted from other galaxies (ex-situ) - is key to constraining its evolution. Spatially resolving these components provides crucial insights into a galaxy's mass assembly history. We aim to predict the spatial distribution of ex-situ stellar mass fraction in MaNGA galaxies, and to identify distinct assembly histories based on the radial gradients of these predictions in the central regions. We employ a diffusion mode…