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Automatic Intermodal Loading Unit Identification using Computer Vision: A Scoping Review
Emre G\"ulsoylu, Alhassan Abdelhalim, Derya Kara Boztas, Ole Grasse, Carlos Jahn, Simone Frintrop, Janick Edinger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.17707

Automatic Intermodal Loading Unit Identification using Computer Vision: A Scoping Review
The standardisation of Intermodal Loading Units (ILUs), such as containers, semi-trailers and swap bodies, has revolutionised global trade yet their efficient and robust identification remains a critical bottleneck in high-throughput ports and terminals. This paper reviews 63 empirical studies that propose computer vision (CV) based solutions. It covers the last 35 years (1990-2025), tracing the field's evolution from early digital image processing (DIP) and traditional machine learning (ML) to…