Tootfinder

The cosmological lithium problem
Oswaldo D. Miranda
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09821 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.09821…

The cosmological lithium problem
The discrepancy between the predictions of primordial nucleosynthesis and the observed lithium abundance in Spite plateau stars has been attributed either to a challenge to the standard model of nucleosynthesis or to stellar processes occurring after the stars formed. To understand the origin of this discrepancy, it is crucial to link the cosmic star formation rate with a chemical enrichment model that incorporates the yields of both Population (Pop) III and II stars. It is within this framewor…

AutoCodeBench: Large Language Models are Automatic Code Benchmark Generators
Jason Chou, Ao Liu, Yuchi Deng, Zhiying Zeng, Tao Zhang, Haotian Zhu, Jianwei Cai, Yue Mao, Chenchen Zhang, Lingyun Tan, Ziyan Xu, Bohui Zhai, Hengyi Liu, Speed Zhu, Wiggin Zhou, Fengzong Lian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09101

AutoCodeBench: Large Language Models are Automatic Code Benchmark Generators
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, with code generation emerging as a key area of focus. While numerous benchmarks have been proposed to evaluate their code generation abilities, these benchmarks face several critical limitations. First, they often rely on manual annotations, which are time-consuming and difficult to scale across different programming languages and problem complexities. Second, most existing benchmarks focus primarily …

Neutron-induced reaction cross section measurements on carbon at neutron energies up to 55 MeV at LANSCE
A. Wantz, A. N. Kuchera, S. A. Kuvin, W. F. Rogers, T. Baumann, M. Devlin, N. Frank, P. Gueye, K. J. Kelly, T. Redpath, J. R. Winkelbauer, A. LaRochelle, R. Devlin, D. Flores-Madrid, B. Hassan, O. Lucas, A. Maki, N. Mendez, T. Sandy, J. Smith, W. Sussenbach, G. Votta, K. Wang, S. Winner

Neutron-induced reaction cross section measurements on carbon at neutron energies up to 55 MeV at LANSCE
Background: Single-crystal chemical vapor deposited (sCVD) diamond detectors offer a unique method to study cross sections of reactions on carbon since they can be used as active targets. Previous studies analyzing neutrons on carbon using these detectors were primarily focused on lower energy neutrons and reactions, and some of these did not have sufficient energy resolution to isolate the contributions of reaction channels with similar Q values. Purpose: This work extends neutron-induced re…

CCSS: Hardware-Accelerated RTL Simulation with Fast Combinational Logic Computing and Sequential Logic Synchronization
Weigang Feng, Yijia Zhang, Zekun Wang, Zhengyang Wang, Yi Wang, Peijun Ma, Ningyi Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08406

CCSS: Hardware-Accelerated RTL Simulation with Fast Combinational Logic Computing and Sequential Logic Synchronization
As transistor counts in a single chip exceed tens of billions, the complexity of RTL-level simulation and verification has grown exponentially, often extending simulation campaigns to several months. In industry practice, RTL simulation is divided into two phases: functional debug and system validation. While system validation demands high simulation speed and is typically accelerated using FPGAs, functional debug relies on rapid compilation-rendering multi-core CPUs the primary choice. However…

Capsizing-Guided Trajectory Optimization for Autonomous Navigation with Rough Terrain
Wei Zhang, Yinchuan Wang, Wangtao Lu, Pengyu Zhang, Xiang Zhang, Yue Wang, Chaoqun Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08108

Capsizing-Guided Trajectory Optimization for Autonomous Navigation with Rough Terrain
It is a challenging task for ground robots to autonomously navigate in harsh environments due to the presence of non-trivial obstacles and uneven terrain. This requires trajectory planning that balances safety and efficiency. The primary challenge is to generate a feasible trajectory that prevents robot from tip-over while ensuring effective navigation. In this paper, we propose a capsizing-aware trajectory planner (CAP) to achieve trajectory planning on the uneven terrain. The tip-over stabili…

On the Operational Resilience of CBDC: Threats and Prospects of Formal Validation for Offline Payments
Marco Bernardo, Federico Calandra, Andrea Esposito, Francesco Fabris
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08064

On the Operational Resilience of CBDC: Threats and Prospects of Formal Validation for Offline Payments
Information and communication technologies are by now employed in most activities, including economics and finance. Despite the extraordinary power of modern computers and the vast amount of memory, some results of theoretical computer science imply the impossibility of certifying software quality in general. With the exception of safety-critical systems, this has primarily concerned the information processed by confined systems, with limited socio-economic consequences. In the emerging era of …

Algorithmic Fairness amid Social Determinants: Reflection, Characterization, and Approach
Zeyu Tang, Alex John London, Atoosa Kasirzadeh, Sanmi Koyejo, Peter Spirtes, Kun Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08337

Algorithmic Fairness amid Social Determinants: Reflection, Characterization, and Approach
Social determinants are variables that, while not directly pertaining to any specific individual, capture key aspects of contexts and environments that have direct causal influences on certain attributes of an individual. Previous algorithmic fairness literature has primarily focused on sensitive attributes, often overlooking the role of social determinants. Our paper addresses this gap by introducing formal and quantitative rigor into a space that has been shaped largely by qualitative proposa…

GeneVA: A Dataset of Human Annotations for Generative Text to Video Artifacts
Jenna Kang, Maria Silva, Patsorn Sangkloy, Kenneth Chen, Niall Williams, Qi Sun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08818

GeneVA: A Dataset of Human Annotations for Generative Text to Video Artifacts
Recent advances in probabilistic generative models have extended capabilities from static image synthesis to text-driven video generation. However, the inherent randomness of their generation process can lead to unpredictable artifacts, such as impossible physics and temporal inconsistency. Progress in addressing these challenges requires systematic benchmarks, yet existing datasets primarily focus on generative images due to the unique spatio-temporal complexities of videos. To bridge this gap…

Axion-Photon Conversion in FLRW with Primordial Magnetic Fields: Explaining the Radio Excess
Setabuddin, Md Riajul Haque, Rajesh Karmakar, Supratik Pal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09472

Axion-Photon Conversion in FLRW with Primordial Magnetic Fields: Explaining the Radio Excess
We explore the possibility of axion-photon conversion as a common origin of two low-frequency anomalies: the isotropic radio excess (ARCADE2) and the deep global 21-cm absorption trough (EDGES). From the axion-photon action in an FLRW background with primordial magnetic fields (PMFs), we derive the scale-dependent conversion probability including plasma effects. Resonant conversion, arising when the axion mass matches the plasma-induced photon mass, produces soft photons in the MHz-GHz range. B…

The Memory Wars: AI Memory, Network Effects, and the Geopolitics of Cognitive Sovereignty
Mario Brcic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05867 https://arxiv.org/pd…

The Memory Wars: AI Memory, Network Effects, and the Geopolitics of Cognitive Sovereignty
The advent of continuously learning Artificial Intelligence (AI) assistants marks a paradigm shift from episodic interactions to persistent, memory-driven relationships. This paper introduces the concept of "Cognitive Sovereignty", the ability of individuals, groups, and nations to maintain autonomous thought and preserve identity in the age of powerful AI systems, especially those that hold their deep personal memory. It argues that the primary risk of these technologies transcends traditional…