Tootfinder

Breaking the Strings: the signatures of Cosmic String Loop Fragmentation
Pierre Auclair
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11596 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.11596…

Breaking the Strings: the signatures of Cosmic String Loop Fragmentation
We study the impact of fragmentation on the cosmic string loop number density, using an approach inspired by the three-scale model and a Boltzmann equation. We build a new formulation designed to be more amenable to numerical resolution and present two complementary numerical methods to obtain the full loop distribution including the effect of fragmentation and gravitational radiation. We show that fragmentation generically predicts a decay of the loop number density on large scales and a devia…

Analyzing the magnitude of two loop corrections to the muon magnetic dipole moment in the mass insertion approximation
Shu-Min Zhao, Song Gao, Xing-Xing Dong, Ming-Yue Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10292

Analyzing the magnitude of two loop corrections to the muon magnetic dipole moment in the mass insertion approximation
With the development of muon magnetic dipole moment (MDM) experiments, particularly the high-precision measurements at Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), experimental data have become increasingly precise. Up to now, the deviation of muon MDM between the experimental data and the standard model prediction is still existing, which may be caused by the new physics contribution. The two loop supersymmetric diagrams can produce important corrections to muon MDM. For many two loop diag…

Thomason-Type Model Structures on Simplicial Complexes and Graphs
Emilio Minichiello
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08195 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.08195

Thomason-Type Model Structures on Simplicial Complexes and Graphs
In this paper we show that the Matsushita model structure on loop graphs, which is right-transferred from the Kan-Quillen model structure on simplicial sets, factors through two other right-transferred model structures on simplicial complexes and reflexive graphs. We show that each Quillen adjunction between these right-transferred model categories is a Quillen equivalence. These model structures are analogous to the Thomason model structure on small categories, and we prove that they are all c…

Semantic-Augmented Latent Topic Modeling with LLM-in-the-Loop
Mengze Hong, Chen Jason Zhang, Di Jiang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08498 https://

Semantic-Augmented Latent Topic Modeling with LLM-in-the-Loop
Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) is a prominent generative probabilistic model used for uncovering abstract topics within document collections. In this paper, we explore the effectiveness of augmenting topic models with Large Language Models (LLMs) through integration into two key phases: Initialization and Post-Correction. Since the LDA is highly dependent on the quality of its initialization, we conduct extensive experiments on the LLM-guided topic clustering for initializing the Gibbs sampl…

Three-loop singularity structure for a non-linear sigma model
P. V. Akacevich, A. V. Ivanov, I. V. Korenev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05923 https://…

Three-loop singularity structure for a non-linear sigma model
The paper is devoted to the three-loop renormalization of the effective action for a two-dimensional non-linear sigma model using the background field method and a cutoff regularization in the coordinate representation. The coefficients of the renormalization constant and the necessary auxiliary vertices are found, as well as the asymptotic expansions of all three-loop diagrams, and their dependence on the type of regularizing function. A comparison is also made with the standard case of cutoff…

Exploring CP violation and vanishing electric dipole moment of the electron in a scale-invariant general 2HDM
Nguyen Dang Bao Nhi, Eibun Senaha
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14708 …

Exploring CP violation and vanishing electric dipole moment of the electron in a scale-invariant general 2HDM
We investigate a scale-invariant general two-Higgs-doublet model with explicit CP violation. Using the Gildener-Weinberg method, we analyze the Higgs mass spectrum and couplings at the one-loop level, focusing on CP violation originating from both the Higgs potential and the Yukawa sector. We show that, due to the flatness condition, both CP-even and CP-odd mixings between the 125 GeV Higgs boson and the heavier Higgs states arise only radiatively. As a result, the Higgs couplings to gauge boso…

Fractal depth-first search paths in statistical physics models
Qiyuan Shi, Youjin Deng, Ming Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10502 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508…

Fractal depth-first search paths in statistical physics models
We study the fractal properties of depth-first search (DFS) paths in critical configurations of statistical physics models, including the two-dimensional $O(n)$ loop model for various $n$, and bond percolation in dimensions $d = 2$ to $6$. In the $O(n)$ loop model, the fractal dimension of the DFS path consistently matches that of the external perimeter, suggesting DFS as a convenient alternative for probing interface geometry. For bond percolation, the DFS path exhibits nontrivial fractal scal…

Homothetic expansion of polyhedra in the two-vertex model: emergence of FLRW
I\~naki Garay, Sergio Rodr\'iguez-Gonz\'alez, Ra\"ul Vera
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06951

Homothetic expansion of polyhedra in the two-vertex model: emergence of FLRW
The cosmological behavior associated to a U(N)-symmetry reduced sector of the loop-quantum-gravity truncation known as the two-vertex model is further explored in this work. We construct convenient frame bases that encode the whole classical phase space of the twisted geometry associated to the graph. We show that the polyhedra of the twisted geometry suffer under evolution an homothetic expansion, which strengthens the correspondence to the Robertson-Walker geometry.

Skip a Layer or Loop it? Test-Time Depth Adaptation of Pretrained LLMs
Ziyue Li, Yang Li, Tianyi Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07996 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.07996 https://arxiv.org/html/2507.07996
arXiv:2507.07996v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Can a pretrained neural network adapt its architecture to different inputs without any finetuning? Do we need all layers for simple tasks, and are they adequate for challenging tasks? We found that the layers of a pretrained large language model (LLM) can be manipulated as separate modules to build a better and even shallower model customized for each test sample. In particular, each layer from the pretrained model can be skipped/pruned or repeated multiple times as recurrent neural networks (RNN), and stacked with others in arbitrary orders, yielding a chain-of-layers (CoLa) per sample. This compositional space greatly expands the scope of existing works on looped/recurrent pretrained modules, layer pruning, or early-exit networks. We develop a Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) protocol to explore and identify the optimal CoLa for each sample from math and commonsense reasoning benchmarks. Compared to a static model of a fixed depth, CoLa allows shortcut paths (fast thinking), recurrence of the same layer(s) (slow thinking), and combining both, offering more flexible, dynamic architectures for different inputs. We conduct an extensive analysis of the MCTS-optimized CoLa, which leads to two key findings: (1) For >75% of samples with correct predictions by the original LLM, we can find shorter CoLa, suggesting a large space for improving inference efficiency; (2) For >60% of samples with originally incorrect predictions, we can identify CoLa achieving correct predictions, suggesting a large space of performance enhancement. Our results highlight the shortcomings of using a fixed architecture of pre-trained LLMs for inference on different samples and pave the way to unlock the generalization power of test-time depth adaptation.
toXiv_bot_toot

A one-dimensional numerical model for system performance prediction of loop heat pipes and its validation
Xu Huang, Geert Buckinx, Maria Rosaria Vetrano, Martine Baelmans
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02396

A one-dimensional numerical model for system performance prediction of loop heat pipes and its validation
Developing high power density electronics requires effective and highly reliable cooling techniques with low thermal resistance and high heat removal capacity. Loop heat pipes (LHPs) are one kind of two-phase heat transfer device which can meet all these requirements. A physics-based one-dimensional numerical model has been elaborated to further develop this promising electronics cooling solution. In addition, an experimental setup using water as coolant, and which includes an LHP built with tr…

Quasi-dust ekpyrotic scenario in Loop Quantum Cosmology
Emmanuel Frion, Mateo Pascual, Francesca Vidotto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06148 https://arxiv.org…

Quasi-dust ekpyrotic scenario in Loop Quantum Cosmology
In the framework of Loop Quantum Cosmology, we study a cosmological bouncing model with two fields that reproduce the desired features of the primordial power spectra. The model combines the matter-bounce mechanism, that generates scale-invariant perturbations, with ekpyrotic contraction, that suppresses anisotropies leading to the bounce. The bounce that replaces the classical initial singularity is achieved thanks to the loop quantisation. The matter-bounce is enacted by a \textit{quasi-dust}…

Middo: Model-Informed Dynamic Data Optimization for Enhanced LLM Fine-Tuning via Closed-Loop Learning
Zinan Tang, Xin Gao, Qizhi Pei, Zhuoshi Pan, Mengzhang Cai, Jiang Wu, Conghui He, Lijun Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21589

Middo: Model-Informed Dynamic Data Optimization for Enhanced LLM Fine-Tuning via Closed-Loop Learning
Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) Large Language Models (LLM) fundamentally rely on high-quality training data. While data selection and data synthesis are two common strategies to improve data quality, existing approaches often face limitations in static dataset curation that fail to adapt to evolving model capabilities. In this paper, we introduce Middo, a self-evolving Model-informed dynamic data optimization framework that uses model-aware data selection and context-preserving data refinement. U…

A Closed-Loop Multi-Agent Framework for Aerodynamics-Aware Automotive Styling Design
Xinyu Jin, Shengmao Yan, Qingtao Wang, Shisong Deng, Yanzhen Jiang, Shuangyao Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03370 …

A Closed-Loop Multi-Agent Framework for Aerodynamics-Aware Automotive Styling Design
The core challenge in automotive exterior design is balancing subjective aesthetics with objective aerodynamic performance while dramatically accelerating the development cycle. To address this, we propose a novel, LLM-driven multi-agent framework that automates the end-to-end workflow from ambiguous requirements to 3D concept model performance validation. The workflow is structured in two stages: conceptual generation and performance validation. In the first stage, agents collaborate to interp…

Comment on "Standard Model Mass Spectrum and Interactions In The Holomorphic Unified Field Theory"
James M. Cline
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05280 https://

Comment on "Standard Model Mass Spectrum and Interactions In The Holomorphic Unified Field Theory"
In arXiv:2508.02747 a theory that unifies gravity and the Standard Model was proposed. It is finite, unitary, and accurately predicts all parameters of the Standard Model in terms of only two input parameters. Here I point out one prediction that was overlooked, namely that the photon acquires a mass at one loop due to the lack of gauge invariance in the nonlocal interaction vertices of the proposed model.

Kallen-Lehmann representation for Spinor-Scalar Loops in de Sitter Space-time. Spectral equations
Boris L. Altshuler
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07467 https://

Kallen-Lehmann representation for Spinor-Scalar Loops in de Sitter Space-time. Spectral equations
Compact formulas (1), (28) presented in this paper permit to formulate the Kallen-Lehmann harmonic decompositions of the products of two spinor and of spinor and scalar harmonic functions in AdS and Wightman functions in dS spaces; the correct flat space limit of the corresponding Kallen-Lehmann densities is demonstrated. Also in Sec. 4 the relatively simple, suitable for calculations Kallen-Lehmann representations of the real parts of spinor and scalar one-loop self-energies in Yukawa model in…

Synthesis and SOS-based Stability Verification of a Neural-Network-Based Controller for a Two-wheeled Inverted Pendulum
Alvaro Detailleur, Dalim Wahby, Guillaume Ducard, Christopher Onder
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15616

Synthesis and SOS-based Stability Verification of a Neural-Network-Based Controller for a Two-wheeled Inverted Pendulum
This work newly establishes the feasibility and practical value of a sum of squares (SOS)-based stability verification procedure for applied control problems utilizing neural-network-based controllers (NNCs). It successfully verifies closed-loop stability properties of a NNC synthesized using a generalizable procedure to imitate a robust, tube-based model predictive controller (MPC) for a two-wheeled inverted pendulum demonstrator system. This is achieved by first developing a state estimator a…

Quantum action of the Josephson dynamics
Cesare Vianello, Sofia Salvatore, Luca Salasnich
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00902 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.00902…

Quantum action of the Josephson dynamics
We study the beyond-mean-field Josephson dynamics of the relative phase between two coupled macroscopic quantum systems. Using a covariant background field method, we derive the one-loop only-phase quantum effective action and the corresponding equation of motion for the quantum average of the phase. These analytical results are benchmarked against the exact quantum dynamics of the two-site Bose-Hubbard model, demonstrating a relevant improvement over the standard mean-field predictions across …

Impact of one-loop corrections to trilinear scalar couplings on di-Higgs production in the RxSM
Johannes Braathen, Sven Heinemeyer, Andrea Parra Arnay, Alain Verduras Schaeidt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02569

Impact of one-loop corrections to trilinear scalar couplings on di-Higgs production in the RxSM
We investigate di-Higgs production at the (HL-)LHC and possible high-energy future $e^+e^-$ colliders within the real Higgs singlet extension of the Standard Model (SM), the RxSM. This model has two CP-even Higgs bosons, $h$ and $H$, for which we assume $m_h\sim 125 \text{ GeV} < m_H$. We analyse the effect of one-loop corrections to the two trilinear scalar couplings relevant for di-Higgs production, $λ_{hhh}$ and $λ_{hhH}$, by performing an extensive parameter scan within the RxSM. We find …

Superconducting Diode Effect in Weak Localization Regime
Naratip Nunchot, Youichi Yanase
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21897 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.21897

Superconducting Diode Effect in Weak Localization Regime
We study a dirty two-dimensional superconductor with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman fields described by the nonlinear sigma model that includes short-range electron-electron interactions from the Coulomb and Cooper channels. The renormalized Ginzburg-Landau theory, which includes the weak localization effects at the one-loop level, is constructed by using the Keldysh functional formalism. It is shown that the tricritical point appears in the phase diagram. The superconducting di…

Two-flavor chirally imbalanced quark matter beyond large-$N_c$
Andr\'e G. da Silva, Dyana C. Duarte, Ricardo L. S. Farias, Marcus Benghi Pinto, Rudnei O. Ramos, William R. Tavares
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02955

Two-flavor chirally imbalanced quark matter beyond large-$N_c$
We investigate a chirally imbalanced medium in the context of the two-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model using both the large-$N_c$ (LN) and beyond large-$N_c$ (BLN) approximations. To incorporate BLN effects, we consider the optimized perturbation theory (OPT) to the first nontrivial order, which includes two-loop (exchange) contributions. This procedure allows us to explicitly explore how finite $N_c$ corrections affect the thermodynamics as well as the phase diagram of chirally imbalanced quar…

Oblique corrections in general dark $U(1)$ models
Cheng-Wei Chiang, Kazuki Enomoto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08363 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.08363…

Oblique corrections in general dark $U(1)$ models
We investigate the impact of dark Abelian gauge bosons on the electroweak precision measurements at the one-loop level. The dark gauge boson couples to the standard model fermions generally via two kinds of mixing with the electroweak gauge bosons: the kinetic mixing and the mass mixing. We solve the Schwinger-Dyson equation for the gauge boson propagators and derive a renormalization scheme-independent representation of the scattering amplitudes for four-fermion processes, including the full o…

Neutrino magnetic moment in the doublet-singlet Leptoquark model
Ricardo S\'anchez-V\'elez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00226 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2…

Neutrino magnetic moment in the doublet-singlet Leptoquark model
The neutrino transition magnetic moment $μ_{ν_{αβ}}$ is studied in a simple extension of the Standard Model. This extension incorporates two scalar Leptoquarks $S_1$ and $\widetilde{R}_2$ with quantum numbers $(\bar{3},1,1/3)$ and $(3,2,1/6)$ respectively. It is found that these Leptoquarks generate a sizable transition magnetic moment, particularly when the quark bottom is running in the loop. For our analysis of the parameter space, we include the latest measurement of the muon magnetic m…

The Scotogenic Model with Two Inert Doublets: Parameters Space and Electroweak Precision Tests
Abdelrahman AbuSiam (University of Sharjah), Amine Ahriche (University of Sharjah)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18051

The Scotogenic Model with Two Inert Doublets: Parameters Space and Electroweak Precision Tests
In this work, we study a scotogenic extension of the Standard Model featuring two inert scalar doublets and three singlet Majorana fermions, where neutrino masses are generated radiatively at one loop. The lightest among the Majorana fermions and neutral scalars can serve as dark matter candidates. We explore the parameter space, considering theoretical constraints (perturbativity, unitarity, vacuum stability) and experimental limits (lepton flavor violation, Higgs measurements, electroweak pre…

Revisiting the Electron EDM in the NMSSM
Kaifei Ning, Michael Ramsey-Musolf
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06320 https://arxiv.org/pdf/25…

Revisiting the Electron EDM in the NMSSM
The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) with explicit CP violation offers a promising framework for explaining the observed baryon asymmetry while remaining consistent with stringent electric dipole moment (EDM) bounds. In this work, we identify a previously overlooked set of two-loop diagrams that contribute to fermion EDMs in the NMSSM. Our analysis of the electron EDM shows that, for certain NMSSM specific CP-violating phases, these diagrams partially cancel existing contri…

Imaginary scaling
P. M. Ferreira, B. Grzadkowski, O. M. Ogreid
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21145 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.21145

Imaginary scaling
Recently, a hitherto unknown class of RG-stable relations between parameters of bosonic field theories have been identified and dubbed as the r0 or 'GOOFy' symmetries. Here, 1-loop properties of the r0 invariant 2-Higgs Doublet Model and a minimal symmetric model are discussed. It is concluded that the symmetry is present at the 1-loop provided the UV cut-off squared transforms non-trivially under r0. The minimal model requires the presence of two real fields.

Partially flavour non-universal $U(1)$ and radiative fermion masses
Gurucharan Mohanta, Ketan M. Patel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05439 https://arxiv.org/p…

Partially flavour non-universal $U(1)$ and radiative fermion masses
We investigate an extension of the Standard Model with a partially flavour non-universal abelian gauge symmetry that enables radiative mass generation for lighter fermions. With flavour-universal charges for the first two generations, gauge-induced loop corrections generate second-generation masses while keeping the first generation massless. Small first-generation masses can arise from subdominant scalar loops within this framework. A single anomaly-free $U(1)$ is sufficient for a realistic mo…

A $Z_4$ Scotogenic Model with Higgs Portal
Noel Jonathan Jobu, Kenji Nishiwaki
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18713 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.18713

A $Z_4$ Scotogenic Model with Higgs Portal
We propose a new Scotogenic type model based on a global $Z_4$ symmetry involving dark matter candidates. After the symmetry breaking as $Z_4$ to $Z_2$ via the singlet scalar vacuum expectation value (VEV), the lightest Majorana fermion works as a viable thermal freeze-out dark matter (DM) candidate, and the mass terms for active neutrinos are generated as a finite quantum correction at the 1-loop level. A key point of realising our Scotogenic structure is to introduce two types of Majorana fer…

Precision tests of third-generation four-quark operators: $gg \to h$ and $h \to \gamma \gamma$
Ulrich Haisch, Marco Niggetiedt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20803 https://

Precision tests of third-generation four-quark operators: $gg \to h$ and $h \to γγ$
We compute the two-loop contributions to Higgs production via gluon-gluon fusion ($gg \to h$) and Higgs decay into two photons ($h \to γγ$), arising from third-generation four-quark operators in the Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT). Our analysis is performed in the broken phase of the theory, retaining the full dependence on the Higgs and heavy-quark masses. This includes both finite matching corrections and logarithmic effects stemming from the renormalization group evolution wi…

Updated Constraints from Electric Dipole Moments in the MSSM with R-Parity Violation
Wolfgang Altmannshofer, P. S. Bhupal Dev, Amarjit Soni, Fang Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23722

Updated Constraints from Electric Dipole Moments in the MSSM with R-Parity Violation
We revisit the electric dipole moments (EDMs) of quarks and leptons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) with trilinear $R$-parity violation (RPV). In this framework, EDMs are induced at the two-loop level via RPV interactions. We perform a comprehensive recalculation of several classes of Barr-Zee type diagrams in a general $R_ξ$ gauge. While we find general agreement with previous analytic results in the literature, our work provides a valuable independent cross-check of the c…

Scalar leptoquark contributions to the $gg\rightarrow Zh$ process
Shi-Ping He
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19642 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.19642

Scalar leptoquark contributions to the $gg\rightarrow Zh$ process
In this manuscript, we study the general scalar leptoquark contributions to the $gg\rightarrow Zh$ process at one-loop level. We find that the contributions only show up for the off-diagonal Higgs and $Z$ boson interactions with scalar leptoquarks, which can lead to a new tensor structure different from the standard model. In the one-field and two-field models, the contributions vanish exactly; thus, the contributions are possible at least in the three-field models. We exemplify the contributio…