Tootfinder

FPV Protocols Explained (CRSF, SBUS, DSHOT, ACCST, PPM, PWM and more)
This post will give a broad overview of all the common RC protocols in FPV, and how they fit into the communication system in an FPV drone, and what their differences are.
🌐 https://oscarliang.com/rc-protocols/

FPV Protocols Explained (CRSF, SBUS, DSHOT, ACCST, PPM, PWM and more) - Oscar Liang
I will explain the common RC protocols between flight controller, radio receiver and transmitter communications, including SBUS, CRSF, PWM, DSMX, FPort etc.

Important Bit Prefix M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation for Semantic Communications
Haonan Lu, Rui Meng, Xiaodong Xu, Yiming Liu, Ping Zhang, Dusit Niyato
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11351

Important Bit Prefix M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation for Semantic Communications
M-ary Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (MQAM) is a commonly used channel modulation technology in wireless communication systems. To achieve dedicated channel modulation for semantic communication (SemCom), we propose an Important-Bit-Prefixed MQAM (IBP-MQAM) scheme and derive its approximate expression of important symbol error rate (ISER) and unimportant symbol error rate (USER). By extracting and quantifying text semantics using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), we verify that IBP-MQAM achie…

Towards Native AI in 6G Standardization: The Roadmap of Semantic Communication
Ping Zhang, Xiaodong Xu, Mengying Sun, Haixiao Gao, Nan Ma, Xiaoyun Wang, Ruichen Zhang, Jiacheng Wang, Dusit Niyato
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12758

Towards Native AI in 6G Standardization: The Roadmap of Semantic Communication
Semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a transformative paradigm for future 6G networks, offering task-oriented and meaning-aware transmission that fundamentally redefines traditional bit-centric design. Recognized by leading standardization bodies including the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) and the international telecommunication union (ITU), and actively discussed within the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) working groups, SemCom is rapidly gaining …

Novel Parasitic Dual-Scale Modeling for Efficient and Accurate Multilingual Speech Translation
Chenyang Le, Yinfeng Xia, Huiyan Li, Manhong Wang, Yutao Sun, Xingyang Ma, Yanmin Qian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11189

Novel Parasitic Dual-Scale Modeling for Efficient and Accurate Multilingual Speech Translation
Recent advancements in speech-to-text translation have led to the development of multilingual models capable of handling multiple language pairs simultaneously. However, these unified models often suffer from large parameter sizes, making it challenging to balance inference efficiency and performance, particularly in local deployment scenarios. We propose an innovative Parasitic Dual-Scale Approach, which combines an enhanced speculative sampling method with model compression and knowledge dist…

Geometry of left-invariant vector fields on Lie groups
M. L. Foka, R. P. Nimpa, M. B. N. Djiadeu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11440 https://arxiv.org/pdf/250…

Geometry of left-invariant vector fields on Lie groups
This paper examines the geometry of left-invariant vector fields on five-dimensional, simply connected, nilpotent Lie groups equipped with left-invariant Riemannian metrics. Using the canonical identification between the Lie algebra and the space of left-invariant vector fields, we derive algebraic characterizations for Killing, one-harmonic Killing, conformal, and concurrent vector fields. Employing a classification of these nilpotent Lie algebras into ten canonical types, we perform a case-by…

Task-Agnostic Learnable Weighted-Knowledge Base Scheme for Robust Semantic Communications
Shiyao Jiang, Jian Jiao, Xingjian Zhang, Ye Wang, Dusit Niyato, Qinyu Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11636

Task-Agnostic Learnable Weighted-Knowledge Base Scheme for Robust Semantic Communications
With the emergence of diverse and massive data in the upcoming sixth-generation (6G) networks, the task-agnostic semantic communication system is regarded to provide robust intelligent services. In this paper, we propose a task-agnostic learnable weighted-knowledge base semantic communication (TALSC) framework for robust image transmission to address the real-world heterogeneous data bias in KB, including label flipping noise and class imbalance. The TALSC framework incorporates a sample confid…

Joint AoI and Handover Optimization in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network
Zifan Lang, Guixia Liu, Geng Sun, Jiahui Li, Jiacheng Wang, Weijie Yuan, Dusit Niyato, Dong In Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12716

Joint AoI and Handover Optimization in Space-Air-Ground Integrated Network
Despite the widespread deployment of terrestrial networks, providing reliable communication services to remote areas and maintaining connectivity during emergencies remains challenging. Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations offer promising solutions with their global coverage capabilities and reduced latency, yet struggle with intermittent coverage and limited communication windows due to orbital dynamics. This paper introduces an age of information (AoI)-aware space-air-ground integra…

Scene Graph-Aided Probabilistic Semantic Communication for Image Transmission
Chen Zhu, Siyun Liang, Zhouxiang Zhao, Jianrong Bao, Zhaohui Yang, Zhaoyang Zhang, Dusit Niyato
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11913

Scene Graph-Aided Probabilistic Semantic Communication for Image Transmission
Semantic communication emphasizes the transmission of meaning rather than raw symbols. It offers a promising solution to alleviate network congestion and improve transmission efficiency. In this paper, we propose a wireless image communication framework that employs probability graphs as shared semantic knowledge base among distributed users. High-level image semantics are represented via scene graphs, and a two-stage compression algorithm is devised to remove predictable components based on le…

DSSD: Efficient Edge-Device Deployment and Collaborative Inference via Distributed Split Speculative Decoding
Jiahong Ning, Ce Zheng, Tingting Yang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12000

DSSD: Efficient Edge-Device Deployment and Collaborative Inference via Distributed Split Speculative Decoding
Large language models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing but face critical deployment challenges in device-edge systems due to resource limitations and communication overhead. To address these issues, collaborative frameworks have emerged that combine small language models (SLMs) on devices with LLMs at the edge, using speculative decoding (SD) to improve efficiency. However, existing solutions often trade inference accuracy for latency or suffer from high uplink transmission c…

Cooperative UAV-mounted RISs-assisted Energy-efficient Communications
Hongyang Pan, Yanheng Liu, Geng Sun, Qingqing Wu, Tierui Gong, Pengfei Wang, Dusit Niyato, Chau Yuen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11533

Cooperative UAV-mounted RISs-assisted Energy-efficient Communications
Cooperative reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are promising technologies for 6G networks to support a great number of users. Compared with the fixed RISs, the properly deployed RISs may improve the communication performance with less communication energy consumption, thereby improving the energy efficiency. In this paper, we consider a cooperative unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted RISs (UAV-RISs)-assisted cellular network, where multiple RISs are carried and enhanced by UAVs to serve mul…