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Multi-objective Portfolio Optimization Via Gradient Descent
Christian Oliva, Pedro R. Ventura, Luis F. Lago-Fern\'andez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16717 https://

Multi-objective Portfolio Optimization Via Gradient Descent
Traditional approaches to portfolio optimization, often rooted in Modern Portfolio Theory and solved via quadratic programming or evolutionary algorithms, struggle with scalability or flexibility, especially in scenarios involving complex constraints, large datasets and/or multiple conflicting objectives. To address these challenges, we introduce a benchmark framework for multi-objective portfolio optimization (MPO) using gradient descent with automatic differentiation. Our method supports any …

"Just a strange pic": Evaluating 'safety' in GenAI Image safety annotation tasks from diverse annotators' perspectives
Ding Wang, Mark D\'iaz, Charvi Rastogi, Aida Davani, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, Pushkar Mishra, Roma Patel, Alicia Parrish, Zoe Ashwood, Michela Paganini, Tian Huey Teh, Verena Rieser, Lora Aroyo
https://

"Just a strange pic": Evaluating 'safety' in GenAI Image safety annotation tasks from diverse annotators' perspectives
Understanding what constitutes safety in AI-generated content is complex. While developers often rely on predefined taxonomies, real-world safety judgments also involve personal, social, and cultural perceptions of harm. This paper examines how annotators evaluate the safety of AI-generated images, focusing on the qualitative reasoning behind their judgments. Analyzing 5,372 open-ended comments, we find that annotators consistently invoke moral, emotional, and contextual reasoning that extends …

Eigen Portfolios: From Single Component Models to Ensemble Approaches
ZhengXiang Zhou, Yuqi Luan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15586 https://arxiv.org/pdf/250…

Eigen Portfolios: From Single Component Models to Ensemble Approaches
The increasing integration of data science techniques into quantitative finance has enabled more systematic and data-driven approaches to portfolio construction. This paper investigates the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in constructing eigen-portfolios - portfolios derived from the principal components of the asset return correlation matrix. We begin by formalizing the mathematical underpinnings of eigen-portfolios and demonstrate how PCA can reveal latent orthogonal factors driving…

Agentic Aerial Cinematography: From Dialogue Cues to Cinematic Trajectories
Yifan Lin, Sophie Ziyu Liu, Ran Qi, George Z. Xue, Xinping Song, Chao Qin, Hugh H. -T. Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.16176

Agentic Aerial Cinematography: From Dialogue Cues to Cinematic Trajectories
We present Agentic Aerial Cinematography: From Dialogue Cues to Cinematic Trajectories (ACDC), an autonomous drone cinematography system driven by natural language communication between human directors and drones. The main limitation of previous drone cinematography workflows is that they require manual selection of waypoints and view angles based on predefined human intent, which is labor-intensive and yields inconsistent performance. In this paper, we propose employing large language models (…

Open-Universe Assistance Games
Rachel Ma, Jingyi Qu, Andreea Bobu, Dylan Hadfield-Menell
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15119 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.15119

Open-Universe Assistance Games
Embodied AI agents must infer and act in an interpretable way on diverse human goals and preferences that are not predefined. To formalize this setting, we introduce Open-Universe Assistance Games (OU-AGs), a framework where the agent must reason over an unbounded and evolving space of possible goals. In this context, we introduce GOOD (GOals from Open-ended Dialogue), a data-efficient, online method that extracts goals in the form of natural language during an interaction with a human, and inf…

SO emission in the dynamically perturbed protoplanetary disks around CQ Tau and MWC 758
Francesco Zagaria, Haochang Jiang, Gianni Cataldi, Stefano Facchini, Myriam Benisty, Yuri Aikawa, Sean Andrews, Jaehan Bae, Marcelo Barraza-Alfaro, Pietro Curone, Ian Czekala, Daniele Fasano, Cassandra Hall, Iain Hammond, Jane Huang, John D. Ilee, Andr\'es F. Izquierdo, Jensen Lawrence, Giuseppe Lodato, Fran\c{c}ois M\'enard, Christophe Pinte, Giovanni P. Rosotti, Jochen Stadler, Richard Tea…

SO emission in the dynamically perturbed protoplanetary disks around CQ Tau and MWC 758
We report the serendipitous detection of the SO $J_N=6_5-5_4$ (219.949 GHz) rotational transition in archival Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the spiral hosting protoplanetary disks around CQ Tau (with $\approx4.9σ$ significance) and MWC 758 (with $\approx3.4σ$ significance). In the former, the SO emission comes in the shape of a ring, arises from the edge of the continuum cavity, and is qualitatively consistent, at the currently available spectral resoluti…

A deep Search for Ethylene Glycol and Glycolonitrile in the V883 Ori Protoplanetary Disk
Abubakar M. A. Fadul, Kamber R. Schwarz, Tushar Suhasaria, Jenny K. Calahan, Jane Huang, Merel L. R. van 't Hoff
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14905

A deep Search for Ethylene Glycol and Glycolonitrile in the V883 Ori Protoplanetary Disk
Ethylene glycol ($\mathrm{(CH_2OH)_2}$, hereafter EG) and Glycolonitrile ($\mathrm{HOCH_2CN}$, hereafter GN) are considered molecular precursors of nucleic acids. EG is a sugar alcohol and the reduced form of Glycolaldehyde ($\mathrm{CH_2(OH)CHO}$, hereafter GA). GN is considered a key precursor of adenine formation (nucleotide) and can be a precursor of glycine (amino acid). Detections of such prebiotic molecules in the interstellar medium are increasingly common. How much of this complexity e…

Detect Any Sound: Open-Vocabulary Sound Event Detection with Multi-Modal Queries
Pengfei Cai, Yan Song, Qing Gu, Nan Jiang, Haoyu Song, Ian McLoughlin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16343

Detect Any Sound: Open-Vocabulary Sound Event Detection with Multi-Modal Queries
Most existing sound event detection~(SED) algorithms operate under a closed-set assumption, restricting their detection capabilities to predefined classes. While recent efforts have explored language-driven zero-shot SED by exploiting audio-language models, their performance is still far from satisfactory due to the lack of fine-grained alignment and cross-modal feature fusion. In this work, we propose the Detect Any Sound Model (DASM), a query-based framework for open-vocabulary SED guided by …

Terrestrial Planet Formation from Two Source Reservoirs
David Nesvorny, Alessandro Morbidelli, William F. Bottke, Rogerio Deienno, Max Goldberg
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14814

Terrestrial Planet Formation from Two Source Reservoirs
This work describes new dynamical simulations of terrestrial planet formation. The simulations started at the protoplanetary disk stage, when planetesimals formed and accreted into protoplanets, and continued past the late stage of giant impacts. We explored the effect of different parameters, such as the initial radial distribution of planetesimals and Type-I migration of protoplanets, on the final results. In each case, a thousand simulations were completed to characterize the stochastic natu…

DiffPF: Differentiable Particle Filtering with Generative Sampling via Conditional Diffusion Models
Ziyu Wan, Lin Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15716 htt…

DiffPF: Differentiable Particle Filtering with Generative Sampling via Conditional Diffusion Models
This paper proposes DiffPF, a differentiable particle filter that leverages diffusion models for state estimation in dynamic systems. Unlike conventional differentiable particle filters, which require importance weighting and typically rely on predefined or low-capacity proposal distributions. DiffPF learns a flexible posterior sampler by conditioning a diffusion model on predicted particles and the current observation. This enables accurate, equally-weighted sampling from complex, high-dimensi…