Tootfinder

Gauge dependence of momentum running in higher-derivative gravity
Diego Buccio, Gustavo P. De Brito, Luca Parente
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15835 https://…

Gauge dependence of momentum running in higher-derivative gravity
Recent works have argued that improved one-loop beta-functions capturing the physical momentum dependence of one-loop corrected higher-derivative gravity theories are the most suitable to describe their high-energy behaviour. This work critically tests the validity of this claim. We compute the explicit gauge dependence of the one-loop momentum running of curvature-squared operators in quadratic gravity and conformal gravity using the background field method. We find them to be gauge dependent,…

Multiparameter estimation with position-momentum correlated Gaussian probes
Jo\~ao C. P. Porto, Carlos H. S. Vieira, Pedro R. Dieguez, Irismar G. da Paz, Lucas S. Marinho
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16742

Multiparameter estimation with position-momentum correlated Gaussian probes
Gaussian quantum probes have been widely used in quantum metrology and thermometry, where the goal is to estimate the temperature of an environment with which the probe interacts. It was recently shown that introducing initial position-momentum (PM) correlations in such probes can enhance the estimation precision compared to standard, uncorrelated Gaussian states. Motivated by these findings, we investigate whether PM correlations can also be advantageous in a simultaneous estimation setting, s…

Quark polarization and transverse momentum effects on double quarkonium production in hadronic collisions
Carlo Flore, Cristian Pisano
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15482 https://

Quark polarization and transverse momentum effects on double quarkonium production in hadronic collisions
We investigate the inclusive production of double quarkonia ($J/ψ$, $ψ(2S)$, $Υ$ mesons) in polarized hadron-hadron collisions, considering the kinematic configuration where the transverse momentum of each pair of bound states is much smaller than its invariant mass. Supported by nonrelativistic QCD arguments, we adopt the Color-Singlet Model for the quarkonium formation mechanism and assume the validity of transverse momentum dependent factorization. In strong analogy with dilepton producti…

Commanders' Bobby Wagner joins Seattle Storm ownership as WNBA momentum builds https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6511314/2025/07/23/commanders-bobby-wagner-invests-seattle-storm/

With increasing momentum, voices on the Christian right are preaching that EMPATHY has become a VICE.
For them, empathy is a cudgel for the left:
It can manipulate caring people into accepting all manner of sins according to a conservative Christian perspective, including abortion access, LGBTQ rights, illegal immigration and certain views on social and racial justice
“Empathy becomes toxic when it encourages you to affirm sin, validate lies or support destructive policie…

Conservative Christians argue empathy can lead to sin
Some voices on the Christian right are arguing the virtue of empathy has become a vice. Those Christians claim empathy can manipulate people into accepting what they see as sins, like abortion access and LGBTQ+ rights. Conservative evangelicals Allie Beth Stuckey and Joe Rigney have written books within the past year criticizing certain forms of empathy. Stuckey's and Rigney's views have gained traction among President Donald Trump’s Christian base as his Republican administration enacts hard…

Generating and Weaving Topological Event Wavepackets in Photonic Spacetime Crystals with Fully Energy-Momentum Gapped
Liang Zhang, Zirui Zhao, Qiaofei Pan, Chenhao Pan, Qingqing Cheng, Yiming Pan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15309

Generating and Weaving Topological Event Wavepackets in Photonic Spacetime Crystals with Fully Energy-Momentum Gapped
We propose a novel type of topological excitation topological event wavepackets (TEWs) emerging in photonic spacetime crystals (STCs) with spacetime modulated dielectric constants. These TEWs exhibit strong spatiotemporal localization and are topologically protected by a fully opened energy momentum (ωk) gap, within which conventional steady states are absent. We further demonstrate that TEWs are spectrally confined within the ωk-gap, providing a combined measurement for probing the emergence…

Asymmetry in momentum space: restoring CPT invariance of $\kappa$-field theory
Tadeusz Adach, Andrea Bevilacqua, Jerzy Kowalski-Glikman, Giacomo Rosati
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16187

Asymmetry in momentum space: restoring CPT invariance of $κ$-field theory
The positive and negative energy modes of a field theory in $κ$-Minkowski/$κ$-Poincaré noncommutative spacetime have very different symmetry properties. This can be understood geometrically by considering that they span two distinct sectors of a curved momentum space. It seems that because of this asymmetry, charge conjugation and Poincaré invariance are incompatible. However, the structure of momentum space suggests that time reversal could be deformed so that the overall CPT-invariance is…

MeMo: Attentional Momentum for Real-time Audio-visual Speaker Extraction under Impaired Visual Conditions
Junjie Li, Wenxuan Wu, Shuai Wang, Zexu Pan, Kong Aik Lee, Helen Meng, Haizhou Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15294

MeMo: Attentional Momentum for Real-time Audio-visual Speaker Extraction under Impaired Visual Conditions
Audio-visual Target Speaker Extraction (AV-TSE) aims to isolate a target speaker's voice from multi-speaker environments by leveraging visual cues as guidance. However, the performance of AV-TSE systems heavily relies on the quality of these visual cues. In extreme scenarios where visual cues are missing or severely degraded, the system may fail to accurately extract the target speaker. In contrast, humans can maintain attention on a target speaker even in the absence of explicit auxiliary info…

Exceedingly large in-plane critical field of finite-momentum pairing state in bulk superlattices
Junfa Lin, Ziqiao Wang, Hongyi Yan, Xiaoping Ma, Zihan Cui, Yu Zhang, Yuxuan Lei, Jie Liu, Rao Li, Chuanying Xi, Zengwei Zhu, Huakun Zuo, Yanzhao Liu, Huaixin Yang, Tian-Long Xia, Haiwen Liu, Yi Liu, Jian Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2…

Exceedingly large in-plane critical field of finite-momentum pairing state in bulk superlattices
Magnetic flux profoundly influences the phase factor of charge particles, leading to exotic quantum phenomena. A recent example is that the orbital effect of magnetic field could induce finite-momentum pairing state in nanoflakes, which offers a new pathway to realize the spatially modulated superconductivity distinct from the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state induced by Zeeman effect. However, whether such intriguing state can exist in the bulk materials under extremely large magne…

Relentless Momentum
Great Australian Pods Podcast Directory: #GreatAusPods

Unidirectional perfect absorption induced by chiral coupling in spin-momentum locked waveguide magnonics
Jie Qian, Qi Hong, Zi-Yuan Wang, Wen-Xin Wu, Yihao Yang, C. -M. Hu, J. Q. You, Yi-Pu Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16698

Unidirectional perfect absorption induced by chiral coupling in spin-momentum locked waveguide magnonics
Chiral coupling opens new avenues for controlling and exploiting light-matter interactions. We demonstrate that chiral coupling can be utilized to achieve unidirectional perfect absorption. In our experiments, chiral magnon-photon coupling is realized by coupling the magnon modes in yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres with spin-momentum-locked waveguide modes supported by spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs). These photon modes exhibit transverse spin, with the spin direction determined by th…

Understanding radial flow fluctuations through event-by-event momentum rescaling
Jiangyong Jia
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14399 https://

Understanding radial flow fluctuations through event-by-event momentum rescaling
The transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) differential radial flow fluctuation, $v_0(p_{\mathrm{T}})$, has emerged as a new probe of the quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions. I present a framework that recasts $v_0(p_{\mathrm{T}})$ as a $p_{\mathrm{T}}$-dependent momentum rescaling function $g(p_{\mathrm{T}})$. This transformation reveals that constant rescaling ($g(p_{\mathrm{T}})=1$) alone captures the main features of $v_0(p_{\mathrm{T}})$, including its characteristic rise-and-fall p…

The first phase of mass transfer in low-mass binaries: neither stable nor a common envelope
Gijs Nelemans, Holly Preece, Karel Temmink, James Munday, Onno Pols
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16832

The first phase of mass transfer in low-mass binaries: neither stable nor a common envelope
The masses of the white dwarfs in a binary carry information about previous mass-transfer phases. The core mass -- radius relation of low-mass giants gives the size of the progenitor of a helium white dwarf at the moment it last filled its Roche lobe. Previously, we used this information for a few observed systems to propose a new mass-transfer type, based on an angular momentum balance. Our aim is to investigate if stable mass transfer instead of the angular momentum prescription is consiste…

Modeling the coincident three-ion momentum imaging of diiodomethane photodissociation on reduced-dimensional potential energy surfaces
Yijue Ding
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14611 …

Modeling the coincident three-ion momentum imaging of diiodomethane photodissociation on reduced-dimensional potential energy surfaces
We present an efficient theoretical model to simulate observables in the time-resolved coincident three-ion Coulomb explosion experiment of diiodomethane. The model employs two degrees of freedom to characterize the C-I bond breaking and the $\text{CH}_2\text{I}$ rotation during photodissociation, and three degrees of freedom to characterize the coincident $\text{CH}_2^{+}+\text{I}^{2+}+\text{I}^{2+}$ fragmentation during the following Coulomb explosion. By solving the equation of motion, the p…

Soft and semihard components of multiplicity distributions in the $k_T$ factorization approach
H. R. Martins-Fontes, F. S. Navarra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17127

Soft and semihard components of multiplicity distributions in the $k_T$ factorization approach
Particle production in hadronic collisions can be studied in the low-momentum (soft) and high-momentum (hard) transfer regimes. While the latter can be well understood with in perturbative QCD the former contains non-perturbative effects which cannot be calculated from first principles. There is also an intermediate regime called semihard, in which the momentum transfer runs typically from $~1$ to $~10$ GeV. As the hadron-hadron collision energy increases, we expect to see a relative growth of …

Oracle stock jumped 24% this week, its best performance since 2001, and is up 29% in 2025, vs. Nasdaq's 1%, after the company reported cloud momentum (Jordan Novet/CNBC)
https://www.cnbc.com/2025/06/13/oracles-stock-on-pace…

Oracle's stock closes out best week since 2001 on cloud momentum
Oracle investors haven't had a week this good since April 2001, after the stock had collapsed in the dot-com crash.

The angular momentum distribution of electrons in large atoms and its deviation from Madelung's rule
August Bjerg, S{\o}ren Fournais, Peter Hearnshaw, Jan Philip Solovej
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14227

The angular momentum distribution of electrons in large atoms and its deviation from Madelung's rule
We show that the angular momentum distribution of neutral atoms, in the sense of occupation numbers, follows the Thomas-Fermi angular momentum distribution in the limit of large atomic number. In particular, we show that the angular momentum distribution of large atoms deviates from the well-known Madelung rule.

Observation of Tensor-Driven High-Momentum Neutrons in 16O via (p,d) Reactions and Zero-Degree Deuteron Momentum Spectroscopy
X. Wang, H. J. Ong, S. Terashima, I. Tanihata, Y. K. Tanaka, N. Aoi, Y. Ayyad, J. Benlliure, F. Farinon, H. Fujioka, H. Geissel, J. Gellanki, C. L. Guo, E. Haettner, W. L. Hai, M. N. Harakeh, C. Hornung, K. Itahashi, R. Janik, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, R. Knobel, N. Kurz, K. Miki, I. Mukha, T. Myo, T. Nishi, D. Y. Pang, S. Pietri, A. Prochazka, C. Rappold, M. P. …

Observation of Tensor-Driven High-Momentum Neutrons in 16O via (p,d) Reactions and Zero-Degree Deuteron Momentum Spectroscopy
The $^{16}\mathrm{O}(p,d)^{15}\mathrm{O}$ reaction has been studied at $0^{\circ}$ using 403-, 604-, 907- and 1209-MeV protons, comparing cross sections populating positive- and negative-parity states in $^{15}\mathrm{O}$. Transitions to positive-parity states exhibit strong sensitivity to high-momentum neutrons, while negative-parity transitions show much smaller effects. The cross-section ratio between positive- and negative-parity states rises sharply with momentum transfer, matching theoret…

Learning Acceleration Algorithms for Fast Parametric Convex Optimization with Certified Robustness
Rajiv Sambharya, Jinho Bok, Nikolai Matni, George Pappas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16264

Learning Acceleration Algorithms for Fast Parametric Convex Optimization with Certified Robustness
We develop a machine-learning framework to learn hyperparameter sequences for accelerated first-order methods (e.g., the step size and momentum sequences in accelerated gradient descent) to quickly solve parametric convex optimization problems with certified robustness. We obtain a strong form of robustness guarantee -- certification of worst-case performance over all parameters within a set after a given number of iterations -- through regularization-based training. The regularization term is …

"Ocean-based carbon storage ramps up, bringing investment and concern"
#Oceans #Climate #ClimateChange

Ocean-based carbon storage ramps up, bringing investment and concern
Capturing carbon to ship or funnel it offshore for storage in depleted marine oil and gas wells is gaining momentum as a proposed climate solution, even as it faces criticism. Across the globe, plans are afoot to launch multiple projects — such as in the North Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, and Southeast Asia — […]

Influence of the external electromagnetic field on the properties of the Novikov-Thorne accretion disk in Kerr spacetime
Shiyang Hu, Yuxiang Zuo, Dan Li, Chen Deng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14599

Influence of the external electromagnetic field on the properties of the Novikov-Thorne accretion disk in Kerr spacetime
The Novikov-Thorne accretion disk model is widely employed in astrophysics, yet computing its blackbody spectrum theoretically requires analytical expressions for the orbital parameters -- specific energy, angular momentum, and angular velocity -- of the constituent timelike particles, a task extremely challenging in non-integrable curved spacetimes. In this work, we numerically obtain these orbital parameters for quasi-Keplerian motion in Kerr spacetime with an asymptotically uniform magnetic …

A "Faux-Shock" Method for Hybrid Simulations of Astrophysical Shocks
Emily R. Simon, Damiano Caprioli, Colby C. Haggerty, Brian Reville
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14282 …

A "Faux-Shock" Method for Hybrid Simulations of Astrophysical Shocks
We demonstrate a novel setup for hybrid particle-in-cell simulations designed to isolate the physics of the shock precursor over long time periods for significantly lower computational cost than previous methods. This is achieved using a "faux-shock" or shock-like boundary condition on one edge of our simulation domain such that particles that interact with the boundary either pass through it or are reflected off of it with a change in momentum that mimics scattering in the downstream. We show …

New Frontiers in the Study of Magnetic Massive Stars with the Habitable Worlds Observatory
Alexandre David-Uraz (Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA), V\'eronique Petit (University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA), Coralie Neiner (LESIA, Paris Observatory, PSL University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, Paris-Cit\'e University, Meudon, France), Jean-Claude Bouret (Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, France), Ya\"el Naz\'e (Groupe …

New Frontiers in the Study of Magnetic Massive Stars with the Habitable Worlds Observatory
High-mass stars are notable for several reasons: they are characterized by strong winds, which inject momentum and enriched material into their surroundings, and die spectacularly as supernovae, leaving behind compact remnants and heavy elements (such as those that make life on Earth possible). Despite their relative rarity, they play a disproportionate role in the evolution of the galaxies that host them, and likely also played a significant role in the early days of the Universe. A subset ($\…

Unveiling two-dimensional electron systems on ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor $\mathrm{\beta}$-Ga$_2$O$_3$
Ryu Yukawa, Hiroshi Mizuseki, Suryo Santoso Putro, Y\'e-Jin L. Lee, Yuuki Masutake, Hinako Telengut, Boxuan Li, Hajime Yamamoto, Tadashi Abukawa, Junya Yoshida, Vladimir V. Kochurikhin, Taketoshi Tomida, Masanori Kitahara, Takahiko Horiai, Akira Yoshikawa, Nobuhiko Sarukura, Noriko Chikumoto, Toshihiko Shimizu, Marilou Cadatal-Raduban, Yoshiyuki Kawazoe, Ryuhei Kohno, Hiroshi…

Unveiling two-dimensional electron systems on ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor $\mathrmβ$-Ga$_2$O$_3$
Ultra-wide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors promise to revolutionize power electronics, yet a fundamental understanding of their interfacial electronic structure has been hindered by the absence of direct experimental observation. Here, we report the first momentum-resolved observation of two-dimensional electron systems on a UWBG material, enabled by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on high-purity $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ single crystals. Alkaline-metal-induced electron doping forms an i…

It takes a special brand of political incompetence to see millions of people marching in opposition to the Republican president and not do anything to seize that momentum
but it appears dem leadership has decided to do just that
https://bsky.app/profile/ndrew.bsky.so

Edge-effects in the turbulent flow over flexible aquatic vegetation
Giulio Foggi Rota, Elisa Tressoldi, Francesco Avallone, Marco Edoardo Rosti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15477 …

Edge-effects in the turbulent flow over flexible aquatic vegetation
Riparian vegetation along riverbanks and seagrass along coastlines interact with water currents, significantly altering their flow. To characterise the turbulent fluid motion along the streamwise-edge of a region covered by submerged vegetation (canopy), we perform direct numerical simulations of a half-channel partially obstructed by flexible stems, vertically clamped to the bottom wall. An intense streamwise vortex forms along the canopy edge, drawing high-momentum fluid into the side of the …

Relaxation limit of pressureless Euler-Poisson equations
GuiRong Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14576 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.145…

Relaxation limit of pressureless Euler-Poisson equations
We investigate the relaxation problem for the one-dimensional pressureless Euler--Poisson equations with the initial density being a finite Radon measure. The entropy solution of this linearly degenerate hyperbolic system converges to the weak solution of part of drift--diffusion equations without diffusion term when the momentum relaxation time tends to zero. Independent of compactness, our strategy is to construct the formula of solutions to both systems and directly obtain the convergent res…

Energy Independence of the Collins Asymmetry in $p^{\uparrow}p$ Collisions
The STAR Collaboration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16355 https://

Energy Independence of the Collins Asymmetry in $p^{\uparrow}p$ Collisions
The STAR experiment reports new, high-precision measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetries for $π^{\pm}$ within jets, namely the Collins asymmetries, from transversely polarized ${p^{\uparrow}p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 510 GeV. The energy-scaled distribution of jet transverse momentum, $x_{\mathrm{T}} = 2p_{\mathrm{T,jet}}/\sqrt s$, shows a remarkable consistency for Collins asymmetries of $π^{\pm}$ in jets between $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV and 510 GeV. This indicates that the Coll…

Evolutionary Period Changes for 25 X-ray Binaries and the Measurement of an Empirical Universal Law for Angular Momentum Loss in Accreting Binaries
Bradley E. Schaefer (Louisiana State University)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13515

Evolutionary Period Changes for 25 X-ray Binaries and the Measurement of an Empirical Universal Law for Angular Momentum Loss in Accreting Binaries
I measure and collect timings of phase markers (like eclipse times) for the orbits of 25 X-ray binaries (XRBs) so as to calculate the steady evolutionary period change ($\dot{P}$). I combine these with my observed $\dot{P}$ measures from 52 cataclysmic variables (CVs). Further, I subtract out the contributions from gravitational radiation ($\dot{P}_{\rm GR}$) and mass transfer ($\dot{P}_{\rm mt}$), deriving the period change from the residual unknown angular momentum loss ($\dot{P}_{\rm AML}$=$…

Photonic time crystals assisted by quasi-bound states in the continuum
P. Garg, E. Almpanis, L. Zimmer, J. D. Fischbach, X. Wang, M. S. Mirmoosa, M. Nyman, N. Stefanou, N. Papanikolaou, V. Asadchy, C. Rockstuhl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15644

Photonic time crystals assisted by quasi-bound states in the continuum
Photonic time crystals are a class of artificial materials that have only recently been explored. They are characterized by the ultrafast modulation of the material properties in time, causing a momentum bandgap for light that propagates through such novel states of matter. However, the observation of these unique properties at optical frequencies remains elusive, as the necessary modulation amplitudes of the permittivity to show notable momentum bandgaps are relatively high, inaccessible with …

Intrinsic Linear Response from Zeeman Quantum Geometry in 2D Unconventional Magnets
Neelanjan Chakraborti, Sudeep Kumar Ghosh, Snehasish Nandy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14745 h…

Intrinsic Linear Response from Zeeman Quantum Geometry in 2D Unconventional Magnets
Unconventional magnets with zero net magnetization yet momentum-dependent spin splitting constitute a newly identified class of materials that provide a rich platform for quantum-geometry-driven transport phenomena. Exploiting the interplay between momentum translation and spin rotation, we uncover a distinct linear transport response governed by a generalized quantum geometric tensor, the Zeeman quantum geometric tensor (ZQGT). We show that the ZQGT drives a linear intrinsic gyrotropic magneti…

Spontaneous nonreciprocal transport in a gate-tunable ferromagnetic Rashba 2-dimensional electron gas
Gabriel Lazrak, Radu Abrudan, Borge G\"obel, David Hrabovsky, Chen Luo, Victor Ukleev, Srijani Mallik, Luis M. Vicente-Arche, Florin Radu, Sergio Valencia, Annika Johansson, Agn\`es Barth\'el\'emy, Manuel Bibes
https://arxiv.o…

Spontaneous nonreciprocal transport in a gate-tunable ferromagnetic Rashba 2-dimensional electron gas
The broken inversion symmetry at interfaces of complex oxides gives rise to emergent phenomena, including ferromagnetism and Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC), which profoundly influence the electronic structure by entangling spin and momentum. While the interplay between Rashba SOC and ferromagnetism is theoretically intriguing, its experimental manifestations remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that ferromagnetic 2DEGs at SrTiO$_3$-based interfaces exhibit spontaneous nonreciprocal…

🚂 Trans-Afghan Railway Project Gains Momentum After Eight Years
https://oilprice.com/Geopolitics/International/Trans-Afghan-Railway-Project-Gains-Momentum-After-Eight-Years.html

Trans-Afghan Railway Project Gains Momentum After Eight Years
Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, and Pakistan have signed a framework agreement to build a trans-Afghan railway, a project poised to significantly reduce transit times and boost trade flows in the region.

Raiders Have Momentum With Pete Carroll https://www.si.com/nfl/raiders/pete-carroll-las-vegas-training-camp-tom-brady

On the action for a charged particle moving in a magnetic field
Manoj K. Harbola
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16181 https://arxiv.org/p…

On the action for a charged particle moving in a magnetic field
Application of the Bohr-Wilson-Sommerfeld quantization condition to a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field requires knowledge of the canonical momentum of such a particle, which in turn requires students to know about the vector potential. The canonical momentum in this situation is conventionally obtained by introducing an appropriate additional term involving the corresponding vector potential in the Lagrangian. In this work, we take a different approach to this problem by analyzing i…

Keep the beat going: Automatic drum transcription with momentum
Alisha L. Foster, Robert J. Webber
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12596 https://

Keep the beat going: Automatic drum transcription with momentum
A simple, interpretable way to perform automatic drum transcription is by factoring the magnitude spectrogram of a recorded musical piece using a partially fixed nonnegative matrix factorization. There are two natural ways to optimize the nonnegative matrix factorization, including a multiplicative update rule and projected gradient descent with momentum. The methods differ in their empirical accuracies and theoretical convergence guarantees. This paper summarizes the methods and their time com…

Advanced Langevin thermostats: Properties, extensions to rheology, and a lean momentum-conserving approach
Shubham Agarwal, Sergey V. Sukhomlinov, Marc Honecker, Martin H. M\"user
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15579

Advanced Langevin thermostats: Properties, extensions to rheology, and a lean momentum-conserving approach
The Langevin equation accounts for unresolved bath degrees of freedom driving the system toward the bath temperature. Because of this, numerical solutions of the Langevin equation have a long history. Here, we recapitulate, combine, and extend existing Langevin-equation based thermostats, scrutinize their properties and demonstrate their superiority over global kinetic-energy controls. Our work includes compact, asymptotic-analysis based derivations of stochastic thermostats, including the high…

An inertial iteratively regularized extragradient method for bilevel variational inequality problems
M. Marques Alves, Kangming Chen, Ellen H. Fukuda
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16640

An inertial iteratively regularized extragradient method for bilevel variational inequality problems
We study a bilevel variational inequality problem where the feasible set is itself the solution set of another variational inequality. Motivated by the difficulty of computing projections onto such sets, we consider a regularized extragradient method, as proposed by Samadi and Yousefian (2025), which operates over a simpler constraint set. Building on this framework, we introduce an inertial variant (called IneIREG) that incorporates momentum through extrapolation steps. We establish iteration-…

Explicit construction of the energy-momentum tensor in the large N limit
Carlo Pagani, Hidenori Sonoda
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11506 https://arxiv.org/p…

Explicit construction of the energy-momentum tensor in the large N limit
We construct the energy-momentum tensor of the O(N) linear sigma model explicitly in the large N limit. Our guiding principles behind the construction are twofold: first the energy-momentum tensor must satisfy the Ward identity for translation and rotation invariance, and second the energy-momentum tensor must have proper cutoff dependence as a composite operator. We verify that the energy-momentum tensor thus constructed satisfies the expected trace formula, and that the trace vanishes at the …

The Inflationary Quartic Hilltop Model in a Modified Gravity and Its Comparison with the Observations
Feyzollah Younesizadeh, Davoud Kamani
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15812

The Inflationary Quartic Hilltop Model in a Modified Gravity and Its Comparison with the Observations
We investigate the inflation for the quartic hilltop model via a certain type of modified gravity. Precisely, we analyze the $F(ϕ) T$ term in the Einstein's gravity to examine the quartic hilltop inflation model. $T$ is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor, and $ϕ$ is the inflaton field. Next, we calculate the inflation dynamics for the foregoing model and obtain the slow-roll parameters, i.e., the scalar spectral index ``$n_s$'' and the tensor-to-scale ratio ``$r$'', which these parameter…

Fascinating technology. I always thought the impulse engine was just a clever piston doodad that transfers momentum from an artificial gravity pocket 😃
Impulse engine | Memory Alpha | #StarTrek
https://

Impulse engine
An impulse engine or impulse drive was a common propulsion system used on starships used to create impulse power in order to achieve impulse speeds. In Federation starships, the impulse drive was essentially an augmented fusion rocket, usually consisting of one or more fusion reactors, a driver coil assembly, and a vectored thrust nozzle to direct the plasma exhaust. The fusion reaction generated a highly energized plasma. This plasma, ("electro-plasma") could be employed for propulsion, or...

Path Integral Monte Carlo in the Angular Momentum Basis for a Chain of Planar Rotors
Est\^ev\~ao de Oliveira, Muhammad Shaeer Moeed, Pierre-Nicholas Roy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14977

Path Integral Monte Carlo in the Angular Momentum Basis for a Chain of Planar Rotors
We introduce a Path Integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) approach that uses the angular momentum representation for the description of interacting rotor systems. Such a choice of representation allows the calculation of momentum properties without having to break the paths. The discrete nature of the momentum basis also allows the use of rejection-free Gibbs sampling techniques. To illustrate the method, we study the collective behavior of $N$ confined planar rotors with dipole-dipole interactions, a sy…

High Seas Treaty gains momentum as 18 new countries pledge support
https://www.yahoo.com/news/high-seas-treaty-gains-momentum-021515585.html

Measuring the Mean Plane of the Distant Kuiper Belt
Amir Siraj, Christopher F. Chyba, Scott Tremaine
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14156 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

Measuring the Mean Plane of the Distant Kuiper Belt
In the absence of any unseen planetary-mass bodies in the outer solar system, the mean plane of the distant Kuiper belt should be the same as the plane orthogonal to the angular momentum vector of the solar system -- the invariable plane. Here, we measure the mean plane of the non-resonant Kuiper belt across semimajor axes 50 - 400 AU. We introduce a new method to measure the mean plane that we demonstrate to be independent of observational bias. In particular, our results are not biased by sur…

Deep Learning for Short Term Equity Trend Forecasting: A Behavior Driven Multi Factor Approach
Yuqi Luan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14656 https://arxiv.org…

Deep Learning for Short Term Equity Trend Forecasting: A Behavior Driven Multi Factor Approach
This study proposes a behaviorally-informed multi-factor stock selection framework that integrates short-cycle technical alpha signals with deep learning. We design a dual-task multilayer perceptron (MLP) that jointly predicts five-day future returns and directional price movements, thereby capturing nonlinear market behaviors such as volume-price divergence, momentum-driven herding, and bottom reversals. The model is trained on 40 carefully constructed factors derived from price-volume pattern…

Exploring Direct Detection of Massive Particles Using Wave Propagation from Gravitational Coupling with a Wire Under Tension
Thomas Belvin, Peter Shawhan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13518

Exploring Direct Detection of Massive Particles Using Wave Propagation from Gravitational Coupling with a Wire Under Tension
We investigate the feasibility of detecting galactic orbit dark matter passing through Earth by measuring its gravitational coupling with a wire under tension. We do so by exploring the transverse and longitudinal waves induced on the wire to detect a massive particle passing within $\sim 1$ m of the wire. The particle's $r^{-2}$ interaction with the wire provides an initial momentum which develops into a propagating wave carrying a distinctive time dependent displacement. Most interestingly, w…

Construction of general $N$-body lattice operators with arbitrary momenta
Haobo Yan, Chuan Liu, Liuming Liu, Yu Meng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16070 https…

Construction of general $N$-body lattice operators with arbitrary momenta
We present a systematic method for constructing lattice QCD operators for systems of an arbitrary number of particles with arbitrary momentum, spin, and internal quantum numbers. Explicit constructions are provided for one-, two-, three-, and four-hadron operators, covering all irreducible representations of the relevant lattice symmetry groups in both rest and moving frames. The construction procedure has been implemented in the open-source package \texttt{OpTion} (Operator construcTion), avai…

Republicans eagerly await Lara Trump's decision on North Carolina Senate seat (Jared Gans/The Hill)
https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/5397577-lara-trump-nc-senate-bid-momentum/
http://www.memeorandum.com/250713/p49#a250713p49

Low-rank Momentum Factorization for Memory Efficient Training
Pouria Mahdavinia, Mehrdad Mahdavi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08091 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.08091 https://arxiv.org/html/2507.08091
arXiv:2507.08091v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Fine-tuning large foundation models presents significant memory challenges due to stateful optimizers like AdamW, often requiring several times more GPU memory than inference. While memory-efficient methods like parameter-efficient fine-tuning (e.g., LoRA) and optimizer state compression exist, recent approaches like GaLore bridge these by using low-rank gradient projections and subspace moment accumulation. However, such methods may struggle with fixed subspaces or computationally costly offline resampling (e.g., requiring full-matrix SVDs). We propose Momentum Factorized SGD (MoFaSGD), which maintains a dynamically updated low-rank SVD representation of the first-order momentum, closely approximating its full-rank counterpart throughout training. This factorization enables a memory-efficient fine-tuning method that adaptively updates the optimization subspace at each iteration. Crucially, MoFaSGD leverages the computed low-rank momentum factors to perform efficient spectrally normalized updates, offering an alternative to subspace moment accumulation. We establish theoretical convergence guarantees for MoFaSGD, proving it achieves an optimal rate for non-convex stochastic optimization under standard assumptions. Empirically, we demonstrate MoFaSGD's effectiveness on large language model alignment benchmarks, achieving a competitive trade-off between memory reduction (comparable to LoRA) and performance compared to state-of-the-art low-rank optimization methods. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/pmahdavi/MoFaSGD.
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Magnetic braking and dynamo evolution of $\beta$ Hydri
A. R. G. Santos, T. S. Metcalfe, O. Kochukhov, T. R. Ayres, R. Gafeira, T. L. Campante
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17049

Magnetic braking and dynamo evolution of $β$ Hydri
The evolution of magnetic braking and dynamo processes in subgiant stars is essential for understanding how these stars lose angular momentum. We investigate the magnetic braking and dynamo evolution of $β$ Hydri, a G-type subgiant, to test the hypothesis of weakened magnetic braking and the potential rejuvenation of large-scale magnetic fields. We analyze spectropolarimetric observations from HARPS (HARPSpol; polarimetric mode of High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher), and combine the…

Excitonic contributions to dark matter-electron scattering
Nora Taufertsh\"ofer, Vanessa Zema, Riccardo Catena, Valerio Olevano, Nicola A. Spaldin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14345

Excitonic contributions to dark matter-electron scattering
We determine whether excitonic effects affect predictions of dark matter (DM)-electron scattering rates by calculating the energy- and momentum-dependent energy-loss function, including electron-hole interaction excitonic effects, for the dark-matter scintillating detector materials GaAs and NaI. By comparing our results using the Bethe-Salpeter equation in the framework of many-body perturbation theory, which explicitly includes excitonic effects, with those using the quasiparticle random-phas…

Replaced article(s) found for physics.atom-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.atom-ph/new
[1/1]:
- A large-momentum-transfer Raman atom interferometer without $k$-reversal
Guanchen Peng, Bryony Lanigan, R. Shah, J. Lim, A. Kaushik, J. P. Cotter, E. A. Hinds, B. …

Probing the pseudogap and beyond: examining single-particle properties of the hole- and electron-doped Hubbard model
Wen O. Wang, Edwin W. Huang, Brian Moritz, Thomas P. Devereaux
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15770

Probing the pseudogap and beyond: examining single-particle properties of the hole- and electron-doped Hubbard model
We compute high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of the Hubbard model using the unbiased determinant quantum Monte Carlo algorithm, revealing an asymmetry between electron and hole doping. Electron doping exhibits more coherent quasiparticles and stronger antiferromagnetic correlations compared to hole doping. At low doping, a nodal-antinodal dichotomy on the Fermi surface is observed, similar to cuprate experiments. The dichotomy reflects the momentum dependence of the Mott…

Infrared Extended Uncertainty Principle Corrections and Quintessence-Induced Topology of Reissner-Nordstr\"om AdS Black Holes
Y. Sekhmani, G. G. Luciano, S. N. Gashti, A. Baruah
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14953

Infrared Extended Uncertainty Principle Corrections and Quintessence-Induced Topology of Reissner-Nordström AdS Black Holes
We present a unified topological and geometric analysis of charged Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes immersed in a quintessence field, incorporating infrared gravitational corrections arising from the Extended Uncertainty Principle (EUP). The latter modifies the standard Heisenberg uncertainty relation by introducing a minimal momentum/maximal length scale, which effectively captures long-wavelength quantum gravitational effects relevant to black hole thermodynamics in curved spacetimes. We deri…

Total crypto market value surpassed $4T for the first time, driven by altcoin rallies and US legislative momentum; Ether jumped 22% over the past five days (Sidhartha Shukla/Bloomberg)
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/20

3-dimensional plasmonic nanomotors driven by Optical Pulling Forces
Guillermo Serrera, Yoshito Y. Tanaka, Pablo Albella
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16811 ht…

3-dimensional plasmonic nanomotors driven by Optical Pulling Forces
Light-matter interactions generally involve momentum exchange between incident photons and the target object giving rise to optical forces and torques. While typically weak, they become significant at the nanoscale, driving intense research interest in the exploitation of photon recoil to drive micro- and nanostructures. While great progress has been attained in controlling transversal degrees of freedom, three-dimensional movement remains challenging, particularly due to the impractical realiz…

Complexity of normalized stochastic first-order methods with momentum under heavy-tailed noise
Chuan He, Zhaosong Lu, Defeng Sun, Zhanwang Deng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11214

Complexity of normalized stochastic first-order methods with momentum under heavy-tailed noise
In this paper, we propose practical normalized stochastic first-order methods with Polyak momentum, multi-extrapolated momentum, and recursive momentum for solving unconstrained optimization problems. These methods employ dynamically updated algorithmic parameters and do not require explicit knowledge of problem-dependent quantities such as the Lipschitz constant or noise bound. We establish first-order oracle complexity results for finding approximate stochastic stationary points under heavy-t…

A closer look at the algebraic-operator correspondence between position and momentum space in Quantum Mechanics
Siddharth Dwivedi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10950

A closer look at the algebraic-operator correspondence between position and momentum space in Quantum Mechanics
In this work we take a closer look at the algebraic-operator correspondence between the momentum ($k$) space and the position ($x$) space which gives us the form of the momentum operator in position space and vice versa in Quantum Mechanics. Taking the definition of the Fourier Transform as the starting point, we present a two parameter generalisation of the form of the momentum operator in position space followed by a generalisation of the momentum eigenfunctions and a few other results. It is…

The $\sin(2\phi)$ azimuthal asymmetry in exclusive $\pi^0$ production
Chentao Tan, Zhun Lu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15181 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.1518…

The $\sin(2ϕ)$ azimuthal asymmetry in exclusive $π^0$ production
The $\sin(2ϕ)$ azimuthal angular correlation between the transverse momenta of the scattered electron and the recoil proton in the $ep\to e^\prime p^\prime π^0$ process provides a probe for quark orbital angular momentum. We numerically calculate this asymmetry for the future Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) in the U.S. and China (EicC) kinematics using a light-front quark-scalar-diquark model, in which the light-front wave functions (LFWFs) are derived from the soft-wall AdS/QCD framework. We als…

The spin-orbit alignment hypothesis in millisecond pulsars
Alexandra Lorange, J\'er\^ome P\'etri, Matt\'eo Sautron
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13893

The spin-orbit alignment hypothesis in millisecond pulsars
Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are spun up during their accretion phase in a binary system. The exchange of angular momentum between the accretion disk and the star tends to align the spin and orbital angular momenta on a very short time scale compared to the accretion stage. In this work, we study a subset of $γ$-ray MSPs in binaries for which the orbital inclination $i$ has been accurately constrained thanks to the Shapiro delay measurements. Our goal is to constrain the observer viewing angle $…

Spin Polarization driven by Itinerant Orbital Angular Momentum in van der Waals Heterostructures
Luis M. Canonico, Jose H. Garc\'ia, Aron W. Cummings, Stephan Roche
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12587

Spin Polarization driven by Itinerant Orbital Angular Momentum in van der Waals Heterostructures
We report on the possibility of manipulating magnetic materials by using itinerant orbital angular momentum to produce out-of-plane spin polarization in van der Waals heterostructures. Employing a real-space formulation of the OAM operator within linear response theory, we demonstrate that in low-symmetry transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers, such as 1$T{}_d$-MoTe2, the current-induced itinerant OAM exceeds the spin response by three orders of magnitude. When TMDs are coupled with f…

np spin correlations in the deuteron ground state
Ashutosh Singh, Ankit Kumar Das, Ankit Kumar, P. Arumugam
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16621 https://

np spin correlations in the deuteron ground state
The deuteron is the simplest atomic nucleus made of two particles - a proton and a neutron. In this work, we study how their spins are quantum entangled with each other. We study two cases: when the deuteron is in a fixed projection of total angular momentum, and when it exists in a superposition of all projections. Our findings show that the spins are most entangled when the total projection is zero, and that strong entanglement still exists even when all spin states are superposed.

On the consistency of non-commutative geometry inspired Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole solution
Gokhan Alkac, Murat Mesta, Gonul Unal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16780

On the consistency of non-commutative geometry inspired Reissner-Nordström black hole solution
We revisit the non-commutative geometry inspired Reissner-Nordström black hole solution obtained by smearing the point sources with a Gaussian distribution. We show that while the form of the metric function and the physical properties derived from that remain valid, not all the components of Einstein equations are satisfied. We construct an improved energy-momentum tensor that consistently satisfies Einstein equations and show that it leads to a different prediction for the region where the s…

Momentum
Great Australian Pods Podcast Directory: #GreatAusPods

Non-coalescence and in-plane momentum generation in sessile droplet clusters
Gopal Chandra Pal, Cheuk Wing Edmond Lam, Chander Shekhar Sharma
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13942

Non-coalescence and in-plane momentum generation in sessile droplet clusters
Intuitively, droplets in proximity merge when brought into contact. However, under certain conditions, they may not coalesce due to the entrapment of an interstitial gas film. Droplet non-coalescence has so far been observed in various scenarios, such as during interactions between droplets moving with relative bulk velocity, droplets with opposite charges and size differences, and Leidenfrost droplets due to continuous vapor generation. Although non-coalescence has been reported for droplets o…

Study of Particle Production in Au Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 11.5-200 GeV Using HYDJET Framework
Gauri Devi, Satya Ranjan Nayak, B. K. Singh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15259

Study of Particle Production in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 11.5-200 GeV Using HYDJET++ Framework
Using the HYDJET++ model, we study the production of multi-strange particles($ϕ$ and $Ω$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, and 200 GeV as functions of transverse momentum and centrality. The model calculations employ earlier freeze-out hypersurfaces for multi-strange particle production and are compared with STAR experimental data. Results indicate that the HYDJET++ model demonstrates a better agreement with experimental data for multi-strange particles at higher e…

Theory of infrared magneto-optical effects from chiral phonons in solids
Chiara Fiorazzo, Cheol-Hwan Park, Ivo Souza, Matteo Calandra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11258

Theory of infrared magneto-optical effects from chiral phonons in solids
In crystals with broken time-reversal symmetry, zone-center phonons can acquire a finite angular momentum via velocity-dependent forces on the nuclei. Despite having the same order of magnitude as the electron spin angular momentum, the phonon angular momentum can be hard to detect because the frequency splitting is small. Here, by developing a theory of lattice magneto-optical effects in reflection and transmission, we show that infrared magnetic circular dichroism is a sensitive probe of zone…

Improved Analysis for Sign-based Methods with Momentum Updates
Wei Jiang, Dingzhi Yu, Sifan Yang, Wenhao Yang, Lijun Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12091

Improved Analysis for Sign-based Methods with Momentum Updates
In this paper, we present enhanced analysis for sign-based optimization algorithms with momentum updates. Traditional sign-based methods, under the separable smoothness assumption, guarantee a convergence rate of $\mathcal{O}(T^{-1/4})$, but they either require large batch sizes or assume unimodal symmetric stochastic noise. To address these limitations, we demonstrate that signSGD with momentum can achieve the same convergence rate using constant batch sizes without additional assumptions. Our…

A two-state solution is gaining momentum again for Israel and the Palestinians. Does it have a chance of success?
https://www.juancole.com/2025/06/solution-momentum-palestinians.html

Magnetically tunable singularity of Moire bound states in the continuum
Shuo Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16828 https://arxiv.org/…

Magnetically tunable singularity of Moire bound states in the continuum
We investigate the band structure and the dynamics of topological singularities of magneto-optical Moiré bound states in the continuum (BICs), which originate from two overlapped conventional magneto-optical BIC gratings with mismatched periods. We show that breaking time-reversal symmetry by applying an external magnetic field in different directions can effectively manipulate the Moiré BICs' topological singularities, which exhibit a high Q factor throughout the momentum space.

Fully Self-Consistent Semiclassical Gravity
R. Muci\~no, E. Okon, D. Sudarsky, M. Wiedemann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17149 https://…

Fully Self-Consistent Semiclassical Gravity
A theory of quantum gravity consists of a gravitational framework which, unlike general relativity, takes into account the quantum character of matter. In spite of impressive advances, no fully satisfactory, self-consistent and empirically viable theory with those characteristics has ever been constructed. A successful semiclassical gravity model, in which the classical Einstein tensor couples to the expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor of quantum matter fields, would, at the very le…

The efficiency of mixed modes for angular momentum transport
Beatriz Bordad\'agua, Felix Ahlborn, Quentin Copp\'ee, Jo\~ao P. Marques, K\'evin Belkacem, Saskia Hekker
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13283

The efficiency of mixed modes for angular momentum transport
Core rotation rates of red-giant stars inferred from asteroseismic observations are substantially lower than predicted by current stellar models. This indicates the lack of an efficient angular momentum transport mechanism in radiative interiors. Mixed pressure-gravity modes are a promising candidate to extract angular momentum from the core of red giants. We focus on determining the effect of mixed modes on the rotation rates of stars evolving along the red giant branch (RGB). We developed a p…

Timelike electromagnetic form factors of hyperons at large $q^2$
G. Ramalho, M. T. Pe\~na, K. Tsushima, Myung-Ki Cheoun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15248 ht…

Timelike electromagnetic form factors of hyperons at large $q^2$
In the last few years there has been considerable progress in the study of the electromagnetic form factors of baryons in the timelike region, through electron-positron scattering, with increasing square transfer momentum $q^2$. The modulus of the electric ($G_E$) and magnetic ($G_M$) form factors has been measured for nucleons, hyperons and other baryons at BaBar, CLEO, Belle and BESIII. The novel measurements motivated the extension of a covariant quark model, developed to the spacelike regio…

Free-Particle State Realized via Optimal Filtering in Optomechanics: Implications for Gravity-Induced Entanglement
Ryotaro Fukuzumi, Kosei Hatakeyama, Daisuke Miki, Kazuhiro Yamamoto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14337

Free-Particle State Realized via Optimal Filtering in Optomechanics: Implications for Gravity-Induced Entanglement
We analyze the conditional quantum state of a mechanical mirror in an optomechanical system under continuous measurement, feedback control, and quantum filtering. Our study identifies a regime in which the mirror's momentum is squeezed beyond the standard quantum limit achievable through appropriate tuning of the homodyne detection angle. We show that in this regime, optimal filtering effectively realizes a free-particle-like state. Notably, when applied to a setup involving two optomechanical …

Bayesian Inference of Nuclear-Matter Density from Proton Scattering
J. C. Zamora
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14402 https://arxiv.org/p…

Bayesian Inference of Nuclear-Matter Density from Proton Scattering
Background: Proton elastic scattering at intermediate energy is widely employed as a tool for determining the matter radius of atomic nuclei. The sensitivity of the approach relies on high-resolution measurements at small scattering angles and low-momentum transfer. Under these conditions, the Glauber multiple scattering theory accurately describes the proton-nucleus elastic cross section. Purpose: Investigate the sensitivity of the Glauber multiple scattering theory to uncertainties associat…

Multi-field TDiff theories: the mixed regime case
Antonio L. Maroto, Prado Mart\'in-Moruno, Diego Tessainer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16616 https://…

Multi-field TDiff theories: the mixed regime case
We study theories breaking diffeomorphism (Diff) invariance down to the subgroup of transverse diffeomorphisms (TDiff), consisting of multiple scalar fields in a cosmological background. In particular, we focus on models involving a field dominated by its kinetic term and a field dominated by its potential, coupled to gravity through power-law functions of the metric determinant. The Diff symmetry breaking results in the individual energy-momentum tensors not being conserved, although the total…

Convergence of Momentum-Based Optimization Algorithms with Time-Varying Parameters
Mathukumalli Vidyasagar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11904 https://…

Convergence of Momentum-Based Optimization Algorithms with Time-Varying Parameters
In this paper, we present a unified algorithm for stochastic optimization that makes use of a "momentum" term; in other words, the stochastic gradient depends not only on the current true gradient of the objective function, but also on the true gradient at the previous iteration. Our formulation includes the Stochastic Heavy Ball (SHB) and the Stochastic Nesterov Accelerated Gradient (SNAG) algorithms as special cases. In addition, in our formulation, the momentum term is allowed to vary as a f…

Constraining parameters of spinor field dark energy: An alternative to $\Lambda$CDM model under the spherically symmetric FLRW space-time
Bijan Saha, Mahendra Goray
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16323

Constraining parameters of spinor field dark energy: An alternative to $Λ$CDM model under the spherically symmetric FLRW space-time
This study constrains the cosmological parameters within the scope of a spherically symmetric FLRW cosmological model, the role of a nonlinear spinor field in the universe's evolution. To test this approach, we incorporate the recent Cosmic chronometers, Supernova, and Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. It is found that if spherical coordinates give the FLRW model, the energy-momentum tensor (EMT) of the spinor field possesses nontrivial non-diagonal components. These non-diagonal components of EMT…

Gravitational waveforms from inspiraling compact binaries in quadratic gravity and their parameterized post-Einstein characterization
Matheus F. S. Alves, L. G. Medeiros, Davi C. Rodrigues
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15571

Gravitational waveforms from inspiraling compact binaries in quadratic gravity and their parameterized post-Einstein characterization
We investigate gravitational waveforms from the inspiral phase of compact binary systems within the framework of quadratic gravity and map their deviations from general relativity into the parameterized post-Einstein (PPE) formalism to constrain the theory parameters. Quadratic gravity generically includes a massive spin-2 ghost, which leads to ill-defined energy and angular momentum fluxes. Following earlier proposals, we remove these unphysical features by imposing a constraint on the massive…

Nuclear Angular Momentum Generation in Thermally Driven Chiral Systems
Jichen Feng, Ethan Abraham, Joseph Subotnik, Abraham Nitzan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06738 https://

Nuclear Angular Momentum Generation in Thermally Driven Chiral Systems
The appearance of angular momentum in the nuclear motion of molecular systems lacking inversion symmetry under imposed thermal gradients presents a novel mechanism with potential implications for spintronics, magnetic response, and energy transport in such systems. Here we explore this phenomenon, using theoretical analysis and numerical simulations to study angular momentum generation in several driven chiral molecular models. We demonstrate that significant vibrational angular momentum can be…

Strangeness production in $O O$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=7$ TeV using various model approaches
J. Singh, M. U. Ashraf, A. M. Khan, S. Kabana
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16266

Strangeness production in $O+O$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=7$ TeV using various model approaches
We present the predictions of various observables for strange ($\mathrm{K}^{0}_{\mathrm S}$, $Λ$($\overlineΛ$)) and multi-strange hadrons ($Ξ^-$($\overlineΞ^+$), $ϕ$, and $Ω^-$($\overlineΩ^+$)) using the recently updated 3+1D hydrodynamics-based EPOS4 framework and AMPT model. In this study, we report the transverse momentum (${p_{\rm T}}$) spectra, particle yields (${\mathrm{d}N/\mathrm{d}y}$), and ${p_{\rm T}}$ integrated yield ratios relative to pions for $O+O$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_…

Phase-space sectors for ordered momentum mappings in local subtraction up to N$^3$LO
Xuan Chen, Matteo Marcoli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12537 https://

Phase-space sectors for ordered momentum mappings in local subtraction up to N$^3$LO
Ordered momentum mappings present optimal convergence in soft and collinear configurations and are particularly suitable for the numerical implementation of local subtraction schemes. However, ordered mappings cannot be directly applied in the presence of multiple unordered emissions, which typically appear beyond the leading-colour approximation. A possible solution consists in separating individual singularities at the level of local counterterms by means of partial fractioning, which can bec…

System-size dependence of $\gamma$-jet modifications in heavy-ion collisions
Yu-Xin Xiao, Qing-Fei Han, He-Xia Zhang, Hanzhong Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15403 https://

System-size dependence of $γ$-jet modifications in heavy-ion collisions
Medium modifications of the $γ$-triggered jets are investigated with the Linear Boltzmann Transport (LBT) model in heavy-ion collisions with varying system sizes, focusing on centrality dependence in Pb+Pb and Xe+Xe collisions at the LHC. Our numerical results reveal that jets produced in central collisions exhibit a wider transverse asymmetry ($A_N^y$) distribution, a broader jet shape, and a more pronounced $γ$-jet transverse momentum imbalance ($X_{Jγ}=p_T^{\rm jet}/p_T^γ$) compared to p…

Berry Monopole Scattering in the Synthetic Momentum Space of a Bilayer Photonic Crystal Slab
Ngoc Duc Le, D. -H. -Minh Nguyen, Dung Xuan Nguyen, Hai Son Nguyen, Dario Bercioux
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11983

Berry Monopole Scattering in the Synthetic Momentum Space of a Bilayer Photonic Crystal Slab
Berry monopoles-quantized sources of Berry curvature-are fundamental to topological phases, yet their scattering remains unexplored. Here, we report for the first time the adiabatic scattering of Berry monopoles in a bilayer photonic crystal slab combining one genuine and one synthetic momentum. Two monopoles approach, collide, and scatter within this hybrid parameter space. The process is described by an effective coupled-mode model and confirmed by full-wave simulations. We further propose an…

Towards a Twisted Atom Laser: Cold Atoms Released from Helical Optical Tube Potentials
Amine Jaouadi, Andreas Lyras, Vasileios E. Lembessis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13711 http…

Towards a Twisted Atom Laser: Cold Atoms Released from Helical Optical Tube Potentials
We study the quantum dynamics of cold atoms initially confined in a Helical Optical Tube (HOT) and subsequently released into free space. This helicoidal potential, engineered via structured light fields with orbital angular momentum, imposes a twisted geometry on the atomic ensemble during confinement. We examine how this geometry shapes the initial quantum state particularly its spatial localization and phase structure and how these features influence the subsequent free evolution. Our analys…

Kerr spacetime and scalar wave equation: Exact resummation of the renormalized angular momentum in the eikonal limit
Donato Bini, Giorgio Di Russo, Andrea Geralico
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12046

Kerr spacetime and scalar wave equation: Exact resummation of the renormalized angular momentum in the eikonal limit
We show that the null geodesic radial action for unbound orbits in the Kerr spacetime, and consequently the scattering angle, can be resummed in terms of hypergeometric functions, extending previous results [M.~M.~Ivanov, et al. arXiv:2504.07862]. We provide explicit expressions as series expansions in powers of the Kerr rotational parameter up the fourth order included. We finally use the Mano-Suzuki-Takasugi formalism to prove the relation between the renormalized angular momentum and the rad…

Momentum expansions in finite-density perturbative calculations
Mika Nurmela, Juuso \"Osterman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10623 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Momentum expansions in finite-density perturbative calculations
Complex-valued Feynman integrals in the imaginary time formalism and zero-temperature limit suffer from particular types of infrared divergences that can not be regulated by integration dimension alone. Related problems leading to integration order dependent results are even further pronounced in the presence of additional scales such as external momenta. This plays a noticeable role in systems featuring fermionic degrees of freedom such as cold Quantum Chromodynamics, where loop integrals are …

Faster stochastic cubic regularized Newton methods with momentum
Yiming Yang, Chuan He, Xiao Wang, Zheng Peng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13003 https://

Faster stochastic cubic regularized Newton methods with momentum
Cubic regularized Newton (CRN) methods have attracted signiffcant research interest because they offer stronger solution guarantees and lower iteration complexity. With the rise of the big-data era, there is growing interest in developing stochastic cubic regularized Newton (SCRN) methods that do not require exact gradient and Hessian evaluations. In this paper, we propose faster SCRN methods that incorporate gradient estimation with small, controlled errors and Hessian estimation with momentum…

Theory Uncertainties in the Extraction of $\alpha_s$ from Drell-Yan at Small Transverse Momentum
Thomas Cridge, Giulia Marinelli, Frank J. Tackmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13874

Theory Uncertainties in the Extraction of $α_s$ from Drell-Yan at Small Transverse Momentum
We perform a detailed pseudodata study to estimate the expected theory uncertainty in the extraction of the strong coupling constant, $α_s(m_Z)$, from a fit to the measured Drell-Yan transverse momentum ($q_T$) spectrum at small $q_T \ll m_Z$. We consider two approaches to estimate the dominant perturbative uncertainties. We first discuss that the traditional approach based on varying unphysical scales is insufficient here because it cannot correctly account for bin-by-bin theory correlations …

Generation of ultra-intense spatiotemporal optical vortex
Renjing Chen, Yilin Xu, Fengyu Sun, Shunlin Huang, Xiong Shen, Wenpeng Wang, Jun Liu, Ruxin Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14452

Generation of ultra-intense spatiotemporal optical vortex
Spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) with transverse orbital angular momentum (TOAM) can induce some novel properties in high energy density physics. However, the current STOV pulse energy is limited to the mJ level, which greatly hinders the development of the research field of relativistic laser-matter interaction. Combined with the large-scale grating pair in high-peak-power laser facility, the method for generating of STOV with ultra-high intensity up to 1021 W/cm2 is proposed. The numerica…

Quantum state engineering of maximally entangled photon pairs by path identity
Richard Bernecker, Baghdasar Baghdasaryan, Stephan Fritzsche
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13638 http…

Quantum state engineering of maximally entangled photon pairs by path identity
Cutting-edge quantum technologies lean on sources of high-dimensional entangled states (HDES) that reliably prepare high-fidelity target states. The idea to overlap photon paths from distinct but indistinguishable sources was recently introduced for the creation of HDES, known as entanglement by path identity. In this regard, the use of orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes is promising, as they offer a high-dimensional and discrete Hilbert space to encode information. While entanglement by path…

Topological Stars and scalar wave equation: Exact resummation of the renormalized angular momentum in the eikonal limit
Donato Bini, Giorgio Di Russo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14442

Topological Stars and scalar wave equation: Exact resummation of the renormalized angular momentum in the eikonal limit
We show that for a Topological Star the renormalized angular momentum parameter, $ν$, appearing in the Mano-Suzuki-Takasugi-type or in the quantum-Seiberg-Witten-type approaches of the perturbation equations, has 1) a direct link with the geodesic radial action computed along the null orbits of the background and 2) admits an exact resummation in terms of hypergeometric functions, generalizing previous results valid in the Schwarzschild case, see Ref.[arXiv:2504.07862 [hep-th]].

Optical spin-orbit interaction induced by magnetic textures
Martin Luttmann, Mauro Fanciulli, Pietro Carrara, Maurizio Sacchi, Thierry Ruchon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15232

Optical spin-orbit interaction induced by magnetic textures
Contrary to the optical spin angular momentum (SAM), the role played by the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light in magneto-optics remains largely unexplored. However, the SAM and OAM are known to be coupled when light interacts with non-homogeneous and non-isotropic materials. Here we predict that the OAM carried by each photon in a light beam is modified upon reflection on magnetic textures like skyrmions, and that the sign of this variation is governed by the SAM of the incident field. Ou…

Geometry-Driven Lattice of Photonic Spin-Meron Tubes in Free Space
Anand Hegde, Komal Gupta, Yanan Dai, Chen-Bin Huang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14450 https://

Geometry-Driven Lattice of Photonic Spin-Meron Tubes in Free Space
We theoretically demonstrate the first photonic spin-meron tube lattice in free space using spin-angular momentum vectors. Square-block diffraction creates $C_{4}$-symmetric beams with $π/2$ phase steps. Non-paraxial spin-orbit coupling then forms finite-length meron tubes ($N_{\mathrm{sk}} \approx \pm 1/2$, $> 25,λ$). Extending the formalism, we show that $C_{3}$ geometry of a triangular block yields a spin-skyrmion tube. Stratton-Chu theory and full-vectorial finite-difference time-domain c…

Energy and photon centroids of spatiotemporal light pulses and consequences for their intrinsic orbital angular momentum
Titouan Gadeyne, Thierry Ruchon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13535

Energy and photon centroids of spatiotemporal light pulses and consequences for their intrinsic orbital angular momentum
An ongoing debate surrounding the intrinsic transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) attributed to spatiotemporal optical vortex (STOV) light pulses has raised the energy and photon-density centroids as two alternative frameworks to define the center of a free electromagnetic wavepacket. We herein derive, within a single formalism, lowest-order expressions for the positions and velocities of both centroids, directly applicable to an arbitrary scalar, near-paraxial and quasi-monochromatic pulse…

Rotating Kinetic Gas Disk Morphology Surrounding a Schwarzschild Black Hole
Carlos Gabarrete, Roger Raudales
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14863 https://arxiv…

Rotating Kinetic Gas Disk Morphology Surrounding a Schwarzschild Black Hole
In this work, the behavior of a rotating relativistic kinetic gas surrounding a Schwarzschild black hole is studied. We are interested in the description and the analysis of the morphology of the resulting configurations for a kinetic gas cloud with and without total angular momentum, and we also compare the macroscopic observables with configurations of finite total mass. A collisionless gas in the Schwarzschild spacetime background is analyzed, considering models of the one-particle distribut…

Optical Cavity in Relativistic Regime for Laser Propulsion
Francesco Lorenzi, Luca Salasnich, Maria Guglielmina Pelizzo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12442 https://

Optical Cavity in Relativistic Regime for Laser Propulsion
Laser propulsion has been proposed for relativistic interstellar flights, but it faces the significant challenge of requiring extremely powerful laser radiation due to the inherently low momentum transfer between the beam and the sail. The photon-recycling technique enhances thrust by transferring momentum through multiple reflections within a cavity setup, formed by the lightsail and a ground-based mirror in a laser system array. In this work, a delay differential model is developed to describ…

Direct Measurement of the Accretion Disk Formed in Prompt Collapse Mergers with Future Gravitational-Wave Observatories
Arnab Dhani, Alessandro Camilletti, Alessio Ludovico De Santis, Andrea Cozzumbo, David Radice, Domenico Logoteta, Albino Perego, Jan Harms, Marica Branchesi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14071

Direct Measurement of the Accretion Disk Formed in Prompt Collapse Mergers with Future Gravitational-Wave Observatories
The production site of heavy r-process elements, such as Gold and Uranium, is uncertain. Neutron star mergers are the only astrophysical phenomenon in which we have witnessed their formation. However, the amount of heavy elements resulting from the merger remains poorly constrained, mainly due to uncertainties on the mass and angular momentum of the disk formed in the merger remnant. Matter accretion from the disk is also thought to power gamma ray-bursts. We discover from numerical relativity …

Geometric spin Hall effect of spatiotemporal optical vortices
Chaokai Yang, Weifeng Ding, Zhaoying Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15053 https://

Geometric spin Hall effect of spatiotemporal optical vortices
The geometric spin Hall effect of light (GSHEL), which is associated with nonzero transverse angular momentum, has been demonstrated to occur without the need for light-matter interaction and is characterized by a transverse shift. Recently, there has been a surge in research on spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOV) that carry pure transverse angular momentum. In this study, we examine the transverse shift of STOV in a tilted reference frame with respect to the optical axis. Through both theor…

The metric from energy-momentum non-conservation: Generalizing Noether and completing spectral geometry
Achim Kempf
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11186 https:…

The metric from energy-momentum non-conservation: Generalizing Noether and completing spectral geometry
We complete the program of spectral geometry, in the sense that we show that a manifold's shape, i.e., its metric, can be reconstructed from its resonant sound when tapped lightly, i.e., from its spectrum, -- if in addition we also record the resonances' mutual excitation pattern when the driving is strong enough to reach the nonlinear regime. Applied to spacetime, this finding yields a generalization of Noether's theorem: the specific pattern of energy-momentum non-conservation on a generic cu…