Tootfinder

Detailed Chemical Abundance Analysis of Metal-Poor Turn-Off Stars: One with [Fe/H] < -4 and Three with [Fe/H] < -4
Takuma Suda, Patrick Francois, Shinya Wanajo, Elisabetta Caffau, Wako Aoki, Piercarlo Bonifacio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18286

Detailed Chemical Abundance Analysis of Metal-Poor Turn-Off Stars: One with [Fe/H] < -4 and Three with [Fe/H] < -4
We present the analysis of four new extremely metal poor turn-off stars thanks to high-resolution spectra obtained with the Subaru/HDS spectrograph. We determined the abundances and upper limits of Li, C, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba. Metallicities range from [Fe/H] = -3.3 to -4.4 dex. For one of the stars, we measure the lithium abundance Log(Li/H) = 2.1 {\pm} 0.2. Two stars of the sample have low [α/Fe] abundances. The most metal-poor star of the sample with [Fe/H] = -4.42 dex has a high [Sr/Fe] abund…

Spiral galaxies with unusual azimuthal asymmetry in oxygen abundance
L. S. Pilyugin, G. Tautvaisiene
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18736 https://

Spiral galaxies with unusual azimuthal asymmetry in oxygen abundance
We considered five galaxies in the MaNGA survey that show distinct azimuthal asymmetry in the abundance, in the sense that in the inner part (more than half of the optical radius, $R_{25}$) of each galaxy there is a sector-like region where the oxygen abundances (O/H)_h are higher than the abundances (O/H)_l in other sectors. M-11761-12705 is a massive galaxy with a stellar mass of log(M_star/M_sun) = 11.6; the masses of four other galaxies are moderate: 10.1 < log($M_star/M_sun) < 10.4. Abunda…

Experimental confirmation of barrierless reactions between HeH and deuterium atoms suggests a lower abundance of the first molecules at very high redshifts / Formation of Supersonic Turbulence in the Primordial Star-forming Cloud: #stars may not have been as uniformly massive as astronomers thought: https://theconversation.com/the-first-stars-may-not-have-been-as-uniformly-massive-as-astronomers-thought-263016

Maximum likelihood abundance estimation from capture-recapture data when covariates are missing at random
Yang Liu, Yukun Liu, Pengfei Li, Jing Qin, Lin Zhu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14486

Maximum likelihood abundance estimation from capture-recapture data when covariates are missing at random
In capture-recapture experiments, individual covariates may be subject to missing, especially when the number of times of being captured is small. When the covariate information is missing at random, the inverse probability weighting method and multiple imputation method are widely used to obtain the point estimators of the abundance. These point estimators are then used to construct the Wald-type confidence intervals for the abundance. However, such intervals may have severely inaccurate cover…

🎛️ To Get Abundance, We Need to Discipline Capital
#economics

To Get Abundance, We Need to Discipline Capital
Concerned to increase the supply of housing and improve infrastructure, some on the Left have come to embrace the “abundance agenda.” But what capital needs is discipline, not deregulation.

To Get Abundance, We Need to Discipline Capital (Brian Callaci/Jacobin)
https://jacobin.com/2025/06/abundance-profits-capital-public-sector/
http://www.memeorandum.com/250617/p184#a250617p184

Abundance Diagnostics from Slitless Imaging Spectrometer: A Proof-of-Concept for MaGIXS-2
Biswajit Mondal, Amy R. Winebarger, P. S. Athiray
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14866 http…

Abundance Diagnostics from Slitless Imaging Spectrometer: A Proof-of-Concept for MaGIXS-2
Elemental abundance diagnostics in the solar corona are crucial for understanding energy transport, plasma heating, and magnetic activity. Most earlier imaging-spectroscopic studies have relied on slit-based spectrometers, which offer high spectral resolution but are limited in spatiotemporal coverage and temperature diagnostics. In contrast, slitless spectrographs like the Marshall Grazing Incidence X-ray Spectrometer (MaGIXS) produce overlapping spatial-spectral data (overlappograms) to enabl…

Characterizing the neutron component of extensive air showers with the Surface-Scintillator Detectors of AugerPrime
Tobias Schulz (for the Pierre Auger Collaboration)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17318

Characterizing the neutron component of extensive air showers with the Surface-Scintillator Detectors of AugerPrime
Neutrons are the only neutral hadrons that remain stable over the timescale of an air-shower development. Their energy is lost only through hadronic interactions and quasi-elastic scattering, which results in their high abundance at the ground. The signals from the electromagnetic and muonic components in scintillation detectors typically span only a few microseconds. In contrast, the neutrons can cause delayed pulses in scintillation detectors up to and beyond several milliseconds after the pa…

Transient star B/R ratio and star formation in $z\gtrsim 1$ lensed galaxies
Sung Kei Li, Jose M. Palencia, Jose M. Diego, Jeremy Lim, Patrick L. Kelly, Ashish K. Meena, James Nianias, Hayley Williams, Liliya L. R. Williams, Adi Zitrin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17565

Transient star B/R ratio and star formation in $z\gtrsim 1$ lensed galaxies
The extreme magnification from galaxy clusters and microlenses therein allows the detection of individual, luminous stars in lensed galaxies as transient events, and hence provides a valuable window into the high mass stellar population in $z>1$ galaxies. As these bright stars can only be formed at specific ages, the relative abundance of transient events at blue (B) and red (R) optical wavelengths ($B/R$ ratio) can provide insights into the star formation history of lensed galaxies. Here, we f…

Can Generated Images Serve as a Viable Modality for Text-Centric Multimodal Learning?
Yuesheng Huang, Peng Zhang, Riliang Liu, Jiaqi Liang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17623

Can Generated Images Serve as a Viable Modality for Text-Centric Multimodal Learning?
A significant ``modality gap" exists between the abundance of text-only data and the increasing power of multimodal models. This work systematically investigates whether images generated on-the-fly by Text-to-Image (T2I) models can serve as a valuable complementary modality for text-centric tasks. Through a comprehensive evaluation framework on text classification, we analyze the impact of critical variables, including T2I model quality, prompt engineering strategies, and multimodal fusion arch…

Laboratory Investigation of CO2-Driven Enhancement of Radiolytic H2O2 on Europa and Other Icy Moons
Bereket D. Mamo, Ujjwal Raut, Ben D. Teolis, Trevor P. Erwin, Richard J. Cartwright, Silvia Protopapa, Kurt D. Retherford, Tom A. Nordheim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15819

Laboratory Investigation of CO2-Driven Enhancement of Radiolytic H2O2 on Europa and Other Icy Moons
Observations of Europa's leading hemisphere reveal elevated H2O2 in the warmer, low latitude chaos terrains compared to the colder, polar regions. This distribution disagrees with prior laboratory radiolysis studies of pure water ice, which show higher H2O2 yields at colder temperatures. The regions with higher peroxide abundance, Tara and Powys Regiones, also present increased amounts of CO2, possibly sourced from Europa's interior. To investigate whether CO2 influences radiolysis of water ice…

Current episode of the Citations Needed podcast on the "Abundance" talking point is really good.
"Abundance" is Neoliberalism and trickle down economics with a new coat of (lead) paint.
https://pca.st/episode/c8a05dc1-3b04-4255-b978-cf76bf40e…

This summer brought an abundance of butterflies and birds. Nature is ready to spring back – if we let it | Patrick Barkham https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/aug/07/summer-abundance-butterflies-birds-wildlife-species

"It’s also a smart reply to the recent 'abundance' arguments made by many in the party’s establishment. Yes, we need to build out transit and increase housing development, but the public sector should do those things. A strong defense of the public sector against privatization, and a willingness to push for its expansion instead of opting for 'market-based solutions,' is an essential part of what it means to be a democratic socialist"

The Democratic Socialist Core to Zohran Mamdani’s Campaign
At a time when much of the left is in retreat or ducking for cover, Zohran Mamdani’s mayoral campaign is championing democratic socialist politics and raising expectations.

So glad to see that Tony Seba has something new to yell "Disruption!" about - AI and robots and abundance. Yay. Hope I never have to hear another thing about his recycled views on energy.

We can have a world of abundance for all now. We have the tools, techniques and technology. What we don't have is the politcal will. Politics have been completely taken over by the billionaires and their Republican Henchmen. They are working to ensure they can force artificial scarcity down our throats while they rack up more power and steal all the resources that really belong to us all.
#AbundanceForAll #Abundanista
https://danafblankenhorn.substack.com/p/the-implications-of-abundance

Metallicity fluctuation statistics in the interstellar medium and young stars -- II. Elemental cross-correlations and the structure of chemical abundance space
Mark R. Krumholz, Yuan-Sen Ting, Zefeng Li, Chuhan Zhang, Jennifer Mead, Melissa K. Ness
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14572

Metallicity fluctuation statistics in the interstellar medium and young stars -- II. Elemental cross-correlations and the structure of chemical abundance space
Observations of Milky Way stars by multiplexed spectroscopic instruments and of gas in nearby galaxies using integral field units have made it possible to measure the abundances of multiple elements in both the interstellar medium and the stars that form out of it. These observations have revealed complex correlations between elemental abundances, but thus far there has been no theoretical framework to interpret these data. In this paper we extend the simple stochastically-forced diffusion mode…

The Broadband Story Abundance Liberals Like Ezra Klein Got Wrong | Washington Monthly
https://washingtonmonthly.com/2025/07/09/the-broadband-story-abundance-liberals-like-ezra-klein-got-wrong/

Nonvanishing results for K\"ahler varieties
Andreas H\"oring, Vladimir Lazi\'c, Christian Lehn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14634 https://arxiv…

Nonvanishing results for Kähler varieties
Nonvanishing theorems play a central role in birational geometry, since they derive geometric consequences from numerical information and constitute a crucial step towards abundance and semiampleness problems. General nonvanishing statements remain rare, especially in the Kähler setting. We present two types of nonvanishing results for compact Kähler varieties. First, on non-uniruled varieties with nonzero Euler-Poincaré characteristic, we prove nonvanishing for adjoint bundles of numerica…

'Democrats Don't Need to Become G.O.P. Lite' (New York Times)
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/18/opinion/democrats-politics-trump-abundance.html
http://www.memeorandum.com/250718/p35#a250718p35

Sigh - but, you know, abundance. ...
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2025/jul/17/hawaii-elon-musk-spacex-rocket-debris?CMP=Share_AndroidApp_Other

Sigh - but, you know, abundance. ...
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2025/jul/17/hawaii-elon-musk-spacex-rocket-debris?CMP=Share_AndroidApp_Other

Weakening NEPA without replaciing it with something better is no abundance agenda.
This highway widening would foreclose future transit expansion and probably make traffic worse for most drivers.It is opposed by both local governments it goes through. NEPA is the only veto point.
A transit project with the same local opposition would be dead on arrival.

Alexandria asks VDOT to delay adding express lanes to Woodrow Wilson Bridge | ALXnow
Alexandria Mayor Alyia Gaskins and city staff are asking that the Virginia Department of Transportation delay approval of a preferred alternative on a plan to add express lanes from the Springfield Interchange across the Woodrow Wilson Bridge. In an April letter to VDOT, Gaskins wrote that the project will bring "Alexandria "substantial consequences to our

Scrutinizing Fermionic Dark Matter in Scotogenic Model with Low Reheating Temperature
Abhishek Roy, Rameswar Sahu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14726 https://…

Scrutinizing Fermionic Dark Matter in Scotogenic Model with Low Reheating Temperature
The scotogenic model provides a minimal and elegant framework that simultaneously explains neutrino masses and accommodates a viable dark matter (DM) candidate. In this work, we investigate the phenomenology of fermionic DM in the scotogenic model, with a particular emphasis on the effects of a non-standard cosmological history characterized by a low reheating temperature. We demonstrate that entropy injection from inflaton decay can significantly dilute the DM abundance, thereby relaxing the a…

The AURORA Survey: Robust Helium Abundances at High Redshift Reveal A Subpopulation of Helium-Enhanced Galaxies in the Early Universe
Danielle A. Berg, Ryan L. Sanders, Alice E. Shapley, Michael W. Topping, Naveen A. Reddy, Evan D. Skillman, Erik Aver, Fergus Cullen, Callum T. Donnan, James S. Dunlop, Tucker Jones, Ali Ahmad Khostovan, Derek J. McLeod, Desika Narayanan, Pascal A. Oesch, Anthony J. Pahl, Max Pettini, N. M. F\"orster Schreiber, Daniel P. Stark

The AURORA Survey: Robust Helium Abundances at High Redshift Reveal A Subpopulation of Helium-Enhanced Galaxies in the Early Universe
We present the first robust helium (He) abundance measurements in star-forming galaxies at redshifts $1.6\lesssim z\lesssim 3.3$ using deep, moderate-resolution JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy from the AURORA survey. We establish a High$-z$ HeI Sample consisting of 20 galaxies with multiple high-S/N ($>5σ$) HeI emission-line detections, including the critical near-infrared $λ$10833 line. This is the first study at high redshift leveraging $λ$10833 to break degeneracies between temperature, electro…

Some excellent talks in #DH2025 LP-07 on 'What Happens When "Hacking" Becomes Easy? Teaching Python in 2025'
Filipa (?): 'A claim about abundance in the future is often a disguised claim about scarcity in the present'
Patrick: 'what do we do when our students can reach for a 'not learning' button? Things that could have been done at home may need …

Revisiting the Abundance of Topological Materials
Hossein Mirhosseini, Luis Elcoro, Andreas Kn\"upfer, Thomas D. K\"uhne
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10736

Revisiting the Abundance of Topological Materials
The classification of topological materials is revisited using advanced computational workflows that integrate hybrid density functional theory calculations with exact Hartree-Fock exchange. Unlike previous studies, our workflow optimizes atomic configurations obtained from the Materials Project Database, followed by precise electronic structure calculations. Our results based on hybrid density functional theory calculations reveal that only 15\% of materials are topologically nontrivial, which…

Lunar geochemistry from X-ray line flux ratios using CLASS on Chandrayaan 2
R. Kumar, Y. Rai, S. Srijan, A. Bansal, Ameya V Singh, A. Kumar, H. Mhatre, M. Goyal, S. Swain, S. Patidar, Aditya P Saikia, A. Ahmad, S. Narendranath, Netra S Pillai, R. Kashyap, V. Bhalerao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15563

Lunar geochemistry from X-ray line flux ratios using CLASS on Chandrayaan 2
Global lunar chemical maps are essential for understanding the origin and evolution of the Moon, its surface characteristics, and its potential for resource extraction. Lunar elemental abundance maps have been derived using X-ray and gamma ray spectroscopy previously but are limited in coverage or have coarse spatial resolution. Here we used X-ray fluorescence line intensity of O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca and Fe derived from five years of data from the Chandrayaan-2 Large Area Soft X-ray Spectrometer (CL…

Zohran Mamdani on Andrew Cuomo, Abundance and Anti-Semitism by Pod Save America
#nyc

Interesting study of eastern Joshua tree mycorrhizal associations from trees near the Dome Fire burn in Mojave National Preserve, with sampling stratified by season
#ecology #mutualism #JoshuaTree …

GW231123 Mass Gap Event and the Primordial Black Hole Scenario
Chen Yuan, Zu-Cheng Chen, Lang Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15701 https://

GW231123 Mass Gap Event and the Primordial Black Hole Scenario
We investigate the possibility that the recently reported GW231123 event, with component masses $M_1=137^{+22}_{-17}\,M_\odot$, $M_2=103^{+20}_{-52}\,M_\odot$ and a local merger rate $R_{\mathrm{local}}=0.08^{+0.19}_{-0.07}\,\mathrm{Gpc^{-3}\,yr^{-1}}$, originates from primordial black holes (PBHs) formed during an early matter-dominated era. We compute the PBH mass function, abundance, spin distribution and the merger rate density and find a set of choices for the parameters to reproduce the k…

Watching our Galaxy Grow Up: The Mass and Color Evolution of the Milky Way
Gail Zasowski, Julie Imig, Hayley Coluccio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17637 http…

Watching our Galaxy Grow Up: The Mass and Color Evolution of the Milky Way
Using our rich observations within the Milky Way to better understand galaxy evolution requires understanding what the Milky Way looks like "as a galaxy" -- that is, its "true" shape and abundance profiles (unskewed by observational biases), signatures of past mergers and significant accretion events, and even its total stellar mass and integrated SED, which have historically been difficult to constrain. We present a new approach to determining the Milky Way's integrated mass and colors, using …

Crosslisted article(s) found for physics.space-ph. https://arxiv.org/list/physics.space-ph/new
[1/1]:
- Abundance Diagnostics from Slitless Imaging Spectrometer: A Proof-of-Concept for MaGIXS-2
Biswajit Mondal, Amy R. Winebarger, P. S. Athiray

Primordial Black Hole Formation and Spin in Matter Domination Revisited
Weitao Ye, Yungui Gong, Tomohiro Harada, Zhaofeng Kang, Kazunori Kohri, Daiki Saito, Chul-Moon Yoo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10070

Primordial Black Hole Formation and Spin in Matter Domination Revisited
In this article, we calculate the mass distribution of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the matter-dominated (MD) era by the peak theory. We apply the Zel'dovich approximation to track the nonlinear evolution of overdensities and compute the PBH abundance and mass function by incorporating a PBH formation criterion based on the hoop conjecture. We find that the PBH abundance $β$ follows the scaling law $β\simeq A_γσ_h^{*5}$ for $σ_h^*\ll 1$. Here, $σ_h^*$ is the quantity that chara…

Great reframing by Malcolm Harris at 52:50 here: When a capitalist says they need more profit to invest in something socially beneficial like housing, that profit is a fee they collect from the public, and a blockage that exists *because* there's a capitalist class that controls the money we need. That's really insightful and I'd never thought of it that way.

Barium isotopic ratios in metal-poor stars: calibrating the method with globular clusters
Riano E. Giribaldi, Laura Magrini, Jose Schiappacasse-Ulloa, Sofia Randich, Thibault Merle
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14208

Barium isotopic ratios in metal-poor stars: calibrating the method with globular clusters
Identifying the nucleosynthesis processes behind heavy-element enrichment in stellar atmospheres is challenging. It typically relies on comparing observed abundance-to-iron ratios with theoretical predictions relative to the Sun, but this method is prone to uncertainty due to limitations of classical 1D hydrostatic models. One promising but still underexplored approach is to measure the isotopic composition of stellar atmospheres by focusing on elements that have both slow (s)-process and rapid…

Weakening NEPA without replaciing it with something better is no abundance agenda.
This highway widening would foreclose future transit expansion and probably make traffic worse for most drivers.It is opposed by both local governments it goes through. NEPA is the only veto point.
A transit project with the same local opposition would be dead on arrival.

Classification of Quality Characteristics in Online User Feedback using Linguistic Analysis, Crowdsourcing and LLMs
Eduard C. Groen, Fabiano Dalpiaz, Martijn van Vliet, Boris Winter, Joerg Doerr, Sjaak Brinkkemper
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11722

Classification of Quality Characteristics in Online User Feedback using Linguistic Analysis, Crowdsourcing and LLMs
Software qualities such as usability or reliability are among the strongest determinants of mobile app user satisfaction and constitute a significant portion of online user feedback on software products, making it a valuable source of quality-related feedback to guide the development process. The abundance of online user feedback warrants the automated identification of quality characteristics, but the online user feedback's heterogeneity and the lack of appropriate training corpora limit the a…

Sonnet 135 - CXXXV
Whoever hath her wish, thou hast thy Will,
And Will to boot, and Will in over-plus;
More than enough am I that vexed thee still,
To thy sweet will making addition thus.
Wilt thou, whose will is large and spacious,
Not once vouchsafe to hide my will in thine?
Shall will in others seem right gracious,
And in my will no fair acceptance shine?
The sea, all water, yet receives rain still,
And in abundance addeth to his…

Generic infinite generation, fixed-point-poor representations and compact-element abundance in disconnected Lie groups
Alexandru Chirvasitu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04065

Generic infinite generation, fixed-point-poor representations and compact-element abundance in disconnected Lie groups
The semidirect product $\mathbb{G}=\mathbb{L}\rtimes \mathbb{K}$ attached to a compact-group action on a connected, simply-connected solvable Lie group has a dense set of compact elements precisely when the $s\in \mathbb{K}$ operating on $\mathbb{L}$ fixed-point-freely constitute a dense set. This (along with a number of alternative equivalent characterizations) extends the Wu's analogous result for connected Lie $\mathbb{K}$, and also provides ample supplies of examples of almost-connected Lie…

Sample Abundance for Signal Processing: A Brief Introduction
Arian Eamaz, Farhang Yeganegi, Mojtaba Soltanalian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19415 https://ar…

Sample Abundance for Signal Processing: A Brief Introduction
This paper reports, by way of introduction, on the advances made by our group and the broader signal processing community on the concept of sample abundance; a phenomenon that naturally arises in one-bit and few-bit signal processing frameworks. By leveraging large volumes of low-precision measurements, we show how traditionally costly constraints, such as matrix semi-definiteness and rank conditions, become redundant, yielding simple overdetermined linear feasibility problems. We illustrate ke…

📈 Zohran Mamdani Is Proposing Green Abundance for the Many
#politics

Zohran Mamdani Is Proposing Green Abundance for the Many
The New York City mayoral campaign of Zohran Mamdani is focused on lowering the cost of living. It can serve as a blueprint for progressives seeking to embed climate action in real improvements for working peoples’ everyday lives.

ChemZz I: Comparing Oxygen and Iron Abundance Patterns in the Milky Way, the Local Group and Cosmic Noon
Stephanie Monty, Allison L. Strom, Thomas M. Stanton, Martyna Chru\'sli\'nska, Fergus Cullen, Chiaki Kobayashi, Tjitske Starkenburg, Souradeep Bhattacharya, Jason L. Sanders, Mark Gieles
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.140…

ChemZz I: Comparing Oxygen and Iron Abundance Patterns in the Milky Way, the Local Group and Cosmic Noon
Our understanding of the chemical evolution of galaxies has advanced through measurements from both distant galaxies across redshift, and our own Milky Way (MW). To form a comprehensive picture, it is essential to unify these constraints, placing them on a common scale and parlance and to understand their systematic differences. In this study, we homogenize oxygen and iron measurements from star-forming galaxies at Cosmic Noon ($z{\sim}2-3$) with resolved stellar abundances from the Local Group…

SPIDER: Scalable Probabilistic Inference for Differential Earthquake Relocation
Zachary E. Ross, John D. Wilding, Kamyar Azizzadenesheli, Aitaro Kato
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12117

SPIDER: Scalable Probabilistic Inference for Differential Earthquake Relocation
Seismicity catalogs are larger than ever due to an explosion of techniques for enhanced earthquake detection and an abundance of high-quality datasets. Bayesian inference is a popular framework for locating earthquakes due to its ability to propagate and quantify uncertainty into the inversion results, but traditional methods do not scale well to high-dimensional parameter spaces, making them unsuitable for double-difference relocation where the number of parameters can reach the millions. Here…

> fifties era Rocketship Republicanism … come back to earth to find the Overton window has moved the landing pad and it's gotta set down somewhere
— @… can turn a phrase, y'all
https://

THAT: Token-wise High-frequency Augmentation Transformer for Hyperspectral Pansharpening
Hongkun Jin, Hongcheng Jiang, Zejun Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Jia Fu, Tingfeng Li, Kai Luo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08183

THAT: Token-wise High-frequency Augmentation Transformer for Hyperspectral Pansharpening
Transformer-based methods have demonstrated strong potential in hyperspectral pansharpening by modeling long-range dependencies. However, their effectiveness is often limited by redundant token representations and a lack of multi-scale feature modeling. Hyperspectral images exhibit intrinsic spectral priors (e.g., abundance sparsity) and spatial priors (e.g., non-local similarity), which are critical for accurate reconstruction. From a spectral-spatial perspective, Vision Transformers (ViTs) fa…

Probing Purely Inelastic Scalar Dark Matter Across Colliders and Gravitational Wave Observatories
Jinhui Guo, Jia Liu, Chenhao Peng, Xiao-Ping Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13276

Probing Purely Inelastic Scalar Dark Matter Across Colliders and Gravitational Wave Observatories
We propose and study a purely inelastic scalar dark matter model, where two real scalars-dark matter $ϕ_1$ and its excited partner $ϕ_2$ interact with the Standard Model via a Higgs portal. After mass diagonalization, only inelastic couplings remain, allowing the model to evade stringent bounds from direct detection. We show that thermal (co-)annihilation between $ϕ_1$ and $ϕ_2$ naturally yields the observed dark matter relic abundance. The same interaction structure can induce a strongly f…

Learning Before Filtering: Real-Time Hardware Learning at the Detector Level
Bo\v{s}tjan Ma\v{c}ek
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11981 https://

Learning Before Filtering: Real-Time Hardware Learning at the Detector Level
Advances in sensor technology and automation have ushered in an era of data abundance, where the ability to identify and extract relevant information in real time has become increasingly critical. Traditional filtering approaches, which depend on a priori knowledge, often struggle to adapt to dynamic or unanticipated data features. Machine learning offers a compelling alternative-particularly when training can occur directly at or near the detector. This paper presents a digital hardware archit…

New poll on "abundance agenda" shows majority still support local decision-making.
Do you support or oppose limiting local zoning rules to build more homes? Yes 28% No 43%
https://www.gelliottmorris.com/p/trump-approval-at-42-democrats-up
BUT…

“Life evolves,” said Mr. Epelboym, who ran a successful dental practice in Brooklyn for three decades. His license was revoked in 2018 after he pleaded guilty to insurance fraud.
https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/29/realest…

In Brooklyn, a Palatial House on the Market for $25 Million
The over-the-top limestone building in Bay Ridge, built on a lot once owned by the keyboardist for Blondie, might be fit for a king, with its abundance of marble and gold.

Take care! Be on your guard against all kinds of greed, for one’s life does not consist in the abundance of possessions
https://www.commondreams.org/opinion/trump-qatar-air-force-one-corruption

Grifter-in-Chief Trump and the Grift That Keeps on Grifting | Common Dreams
In case you haven't noticed, the bribes Trump is taking are getting bigger and bigger.

"While crop seed vaults are common around the world, nurseries for wild and native plants are rare, and many plant species quietly become extinct. This marks #Gurukula out as a Noah’s ark for endangered plant species."

"The big problem is 'bottlenecks' that make it harder to produce housing, expand energy production, or build new roads and bridges."
vs.
"The big problem is that big corporations have way too much power over our economy and our government."
By 12pts all voters and by 42pts Dem voters prefer the second statement. They're right!

Poll: Democratic voters prefer "populism" over "abundance"
Democrats are asking themselves some hard questions as they ponder how they lost the 2024 election.

The End of the Road for Far-infrared Reddening Maps? Evidence for Reddening Errors Driven by Changes in PAH Abundance
Dennis Lee, Brandon S. Hensley, Tzu-Ching Chang, Olivier Dor\'e
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11746

The End of the Road for Far-infrared Reddening Maps? Evidence for Reddening Errors Driven by Changes in PAH Abundance
Accurate correction for extinction by Galactic dust is essential for studying the extragalactic sky. In the low-extinction regions of the Ursa Major molecular cloud complex, we demonstrate that Galactic dust reddening maps constructed from observations of far-infrared emission are insensitive to variations in the abundance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and, as a result, to PAH-induced variations in reddening. Using galaxy counts to validate various reddening maps, we find evidence…

Abundance and Phase-Space Distribution of Subhalos in Cosmological N-body Simulations: Testing Numerical Convergence and Correction Methods
Kun Xu (UPenn)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07678

Abundance and Phase-Space Distribution of Subhalos in Cosmological N-body Simulations: Testing Numerical Convergence and Correction Methods
Subhalos play a crucial role in accurately modeling galaxy formation and galaxy-based cosmological probes within the highly nonlinear, virialized regime. However, numerical convergence of subhalo evolution is difficult to achieve, especially in the inner regions of host halos where tidal forces are strongest. I investigate the numerical convergence and correction methods for the abundance, spatial, and velocity distributions of subhalos using two $6144^3$-particle cosmological N-body simulation…

On finiteness of relative log pluricanonical representations
Osamu Fujino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.00760 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506…

On finiteness of relative log pluricanonical representations
We prove the finiteness of relative log pluricanonical representations in the complex analytic setting. As an application, we discuss the abundance conjecture for semi-log canonical pairs within this framework. Furthermore, we establish the existence of log canonical flips for complex analytic spaces. Roughly speaking, we reduce the abundance conjecture for semi-log canonical pairs to the case of log canonical pairs in the complex analytic setting. Moreover, we show that the abundance conjectur…

New poll on "abundance agenda" shows majority still support local decision-making.
Do you support or oppose limiting local zoning rules to build more homes? Yes 28% No 43%
https://www.gelliottmorris.com/p/trump-approval-at-42-democrats-up
BUT…

Replaced article(s) found for astro-ph.EP. https://arxiv.org/list/astro-ph.EP/new
[1/1]:
- Transition metal abundance as a key parameter for the search of Life in the Universe
Giovanni Covone, Donato Giovannelli

Nice analysis of housing in Vienna. Back of the envelope calculation suggests rents are about 30% less than in San Francisco. Why aren't we hearing more about this from the "abundance" crowd? We know we won't get there with market driven housing production (I've had more than one developer explain that to me)

Nice analysis of housing in Vienna. Back of the envelope calculation suggests rents are about 30% less than in San Francisco. Why aren't we hearing more about this from the "abundance" crowd? We know we won't get there with market driven housing production (I've had more than one developer explain that to me)

On the Origin of Neutron-capture Elements in r-I and r-II Stars: A Differential-abundance Analysis
Pallavi Saraf, Thirupathi Sivarani, Timothy C. Beers, Yutaka Hirai, Masaomi Tanaka, Carlos Allende Prieto, Drisya Karinkuzhi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08847

On the Origin of Neutron-capture Elements in r-I and r-II Stars: A Differential-abundance Analysis
We present a strictly line-by-line differential analysis of a moderately $r$-process-enhanced star ($r$-I: HD~107752) with respect to a strongly $r$-process-enhanced star ($r$-II: CS~31082-0001) to investigate the possible common origin of their heavy-element nucleosynthesis with high-precision abundances. This study employs ESO data archive high-resolution and high signal-to-noise spectra taken with the UVES (VLT) spectrograph. Considering only the lines in common in both spectra, we estimate …

Radiative Transfer Modeling of Stripped-Envelope Supernovae. I: A Grid for Ejecta Parameter Inference
S. Karthik Yadavalli (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian), V. Ashley Villar (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, The NSF AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions), Abigail Polin (Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University), S. E. Woosley (Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz…

Radiative Transfer Modeling of Stripped-Envelope Supernovae. I: A Grid for Ejecta Parameter Inference
We present 1,800 multiwavelength Type Ib/c supernovae light curve models obtained by running the radiation transport code Sedona and varying the mass distribution, velocity profile, and abundance ejecta profiles of helium star progenitors. To create a flexible but physically-informed grid, we use autoencoders to construct a representation of ejecta profiles derived from stellar evolution models. We present simulated nearest-neighbor multiband light curves matches to SN 1994I, SN 2007gr, and iPT…

“If the abundance movement is to succeed, it must identify the defenders of scarcity and broaden the playbook to either overcome those interests or change their incentives to bring them on the team.” 🎯
https://fed.brid.gy/r/https://bsky.app

If the abundance people were in any way shape or form serious, they'd talk less about magical growth without harms but taking away billionaires' money to lift everyone else up to a decent life.
If their theory worked, the rich folks would be very rich quickly. But why should poorer people wait to eat, have healthcare and safe housing until the magic wealth appears?
It sounds very inconsistent.

UnMuted: Defining SARS-CoV-2 Lineages According to Temporally Consistent Mutation Clusters in Wastewater Samples
Devan Becker
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03508 https://

UnMuted: Defining SARS-CoV-2 Lineages According to Temporally Consistent Mutation Clusters in Wastewater Samples
SARS-CoV-2 lineages are defined according to placement in a phylogenetic tree, but approximated by a list of mutations based on sequences collected from clinical sampling. Wastewater lineage abundance is generally found under the assumption that the mutation frequency is approximately equal to the sum of the abundances of the lineages to which it belongs. By leveraging numerous samples collected over time, I am able to estimate the temporal trends of the abundance of lineages as well as the def…

I don't fully get the instinct to reject and attack the Abundance book. If you think it's too small then it seems easy to "yes and" with your own ideas.
At one point they call the book a conspiracy?
It seems to me Ezra talked with people trying to install solar and got one answer. Aaron says when he talked to similar people he got a different one. that is an interesting topic to look more into!

$r$-process Abundance Dispersion in the Globular Cluster M5 using Keck Archival Data
Pranav Nalamwar, Evan N. Kirby, Alice Cai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11001 https://

$r$-process Abundance Dispersion in the Globular Cluster M5 using Keck Archival Data
We studied $28$ RGB stars in the mildly metal-rich globular cluster M5 ([Fe/H] $= -1.29$) using archival high-resolution spectra from the Keck Observatory archive (KOA) to better understand the $r$-process in globular clusters. Previous studies (M15, M92, and NGC 2298) have shown $r$-process dispersion in varying amounts, hinting at the source of the $r$-process in those clusters. We extend these dispersion studies to the more metal-rich cluster M5 by studying the rare-earth peak, specifically …

Freeze-in production of scalaron dark matter in $f(R)$ gravity
Basabendu Barman, Ashmita Das, Rakesh Kumar SivaKumar, Rudra Pratap Udgata
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.06436

Freeze-in production of scalaron dark matter in $f(R)$ gravity
We demonstrate that the scalaron, a scalar degree of freedom, emerging from the $f(R)$ theory of gravity, can account for the observed dark matter (DM) abundance if its mass is around the MeV scale, to ensure its cosmological stability. Focusing on two well-known $f(R)$ gravity models, we systematically show that if scalaron production proceeds via the freeze-in mechanism, the right relic abundance is satisfied over a very narrow window of reheating temperature $10^{14}\lesssim T_{\rm rh}\lesss…

Halogen abundance evidence for the formation and metasomatism of the primary lunar crust: #moon –> new clues about formation.

Coupled 1D Chemical Kinetic-Transport and 2D Hydrodynamic Modeling Supports a modest 1-1.5x Supersolar Oxygen Abundance in Jupiter's Atmosphere
Jeehyun Yang, Ali Hyder, Renyu Hu, Jonathan I. Lunine
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05007

Coupled 1D Chemical Kinetic-Transport and 2D Hydrodynamic Modeling Supports a modest 1-1.5x Supersolar Oxygen Abundance in Jupiter's Atmosphere
Understanding the deep atmospheric composition of Jupiter provides critical constraints on its formation and the chemical evolution of the solar nebula. In this study, we combine one-dimensional thermochemical kinetic-transport modeling with two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations to constrain Jupiter's deep oxygen abundance using carbon monoxide (CO) as a proxy tracer. Leveraging a comprehensive chemical network generated by Reaction Mechanism Generator (RMG), we assess the impact of updated …

Interesting that while Abundant SF's head is taking shots at Zohran, Abundance New York endorsed him.
(Fifth, but they still favored him over Cuomo. They said "Zohran Mamdani is more likely to prioritize the central crises facing New Yorkers.")

Photospheric Helium Abundance in Cool Giants -- A Comprehensive Study
B. P. Hema (Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Koramangala II Block, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India), Gajendra Pandey (Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Koramangala II Block, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00801

Photospheric Helium Abundance in Cool Giants -- A Comprehensive Study
High-resolution optical spectra of sixteen red giants, two early asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, and two supergiants, having no/minimal to super lithium (Li)-rich abundances, are analyzed to investigate the helium (He)-enhancement. The spectra of eight giants were obtained from the Himalayan Chandra Telescope, and for the rest of the program stars the spectral data were collected from various public archives. Our detailed abundance analyses of the program stars involve the determination of…

Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing with extended SubHalo Abundance Matching
Constance Mahony, Sergio Contreras, Raul E. Angulo, David Alonso, Christos Georgiou, Andrej Dvornik
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01601

Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing with extended SubHalo Abundance Matching
We present the first cosmological constraints from a joint analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing using extended SubHalo Abundance Matching (SHAMe). We analyse stellar mass-selected Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) galaxy clustering and Kilo-Degree Survey (KiDS-1000) galaxy-galaxy lensing and find constraints on $S_8\equivσ_8\sqrt{Ω_{\rm m}/0.3}=0.793^{+0.025}_{-0.024}$, in agreement with Planck at 1.7$σ$, and consistent with previous results. We are able to constrain all 5 S…

Lithium evolution in the Galactic thin disc from Main-Sequence and early Red-Giant-Branch stars
C. T. Nguyen, G. Cescutti, F. Matteucci, F. Rizzuti, A. Mucciarelli, D. Romano, L. Magrini, A. J. Korn, A. Bressan, L. Girardi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14594

Lithium evolution in the Galactic thin disc from Main-Sequence and early Red-Giant-Branch stars
The role of novae as producers of galactic lithium has been suggested since the 1970s, and it has been reconsidered recently with the detection of $^7$Be in their outbursts. At the same time, stellar models are moving forward to comprehend the discrepancy between the primordial lithium abundance predicted by the standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis theory and the measured value of old dwarf stars. In this work, we follow the evolution of $^7$Li in the galactic thin disc starting from a primordial …

Implications of DESI for Dark Matter & Cosmic Birefringence
Basabendu Barman, Sudhakantha Girmohanta
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12589 https://

Implications of DESI for Dark Matter & Cosmic Birefringence
We explore an interacting dark matter (DM)-dark energy (DE) framework that naturally yields an effective dynamical DE equation of state crossing the phantom barrier at early times, as indicated by recent DESI data, while also accounting for the observed isotropic rotation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) linear polarization. Within this unified framework, we also explain the DM relic abundance without introducing additional fields or couplings. Depending on the DE potential, we identify…

Abundance Effects from Protoplanetary Disk Outflows
{\AA}ke Nordlund
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04199 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.0419…

Abundance Effects from Protoplanetary Disk Outflows
Systematic abundance differences that depend on the condensation temperatures of elements have been observed, in particular for stars similar to the Sun; solar twins and solar analogs. Similar differences have also recently been shown to exist between solar abundances and abundances of refractory elements in primitive chondrites. Numerous mechanisms have been proposed to account for these effects, including also differences observed in binary systems. Rather than relying on specific mechanisms,…

Little Red Dots as Direct-collapse Black Hole Nurseries
Elia Cenci, Melanie Habouzit
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14897 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.14897

Little Red Dots as Direct-collapse Black Hole Nurseries
The James Webb Space Telescope recently uncovered a population of massive black holes (BHs) in the first billion years after the Big Bang. Among these high-redshift BH candidates, observations have identified a class of active galactic nuclei candidates, dubbed Little Red Dots (LRDs), with extraordinarily compact gas reservoirs and peculiar spectral features. LRDs clearly emerge at redshift z<8 and their abundance declines by z<5. Recent theoretical studies have explored the link between LRDs a…

Formation Channels of Gravitationally Resolvable Double White Dwarf Binaries Inside Globular Clusters
Lucas Hellstr\"om, Miros{\l}aw Giersz, Abbas Askar, Arkadiusz Hypki, Yuetong Zhao, Youjun Lu, Siqi Zhang, Ver\'onica V\'azquez-Aceves, Grzegorz Wiktorowicz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13122

Formation Channels of Gravitationally Resolvable Double White Dwarf Binaries Inside Globular Clusters
Current gravitational wave detectors are sensitive to coalescing black holes and neutron stars. However, double white dwarfs (DWDs) have long been recognized as promising sources of gravitational waves, and upcoming detectors like LISA will be able to observe these systems in abundance. DWDs are expected to be the dominant gravitational wave (GW) sources in parts of the LISA frequency range, making it crucial to understand their formation for future detections. The Milky Way contains many white…

The Interstellar Medium in I Zw 18 seen with JWST/MIRI: III. Spatially Resolved Three Ionization State Oxygen Abundance
Ryan J. Rickards Vaught, Leslie K. Hunt, Alessandra Aloisi, Maria G. Navarro-Ovando, Matilde Mingozzi, Bethan James, Macarena G. del Valle-Espinosa, Karin M. Sandstrom, Angela Adamo, Francesca Annibali, Daniela Calzetti, B. T. Draine, Svea Hernandez, Alec S. Hirschauer, Margaret Meixner, Dimitra Rigopoulou, Monica Tosi

The Interstellar Medium in I Zw 18 seen with JWST/MIRI: III. Spatially Resolved Three Ionization State Oxygen Abundance
We present observations of the nearby extremely metal-poor galaxy I Zw 18 using the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) and the JWST Mid-InfraRed Instrument (MIRI) Integral Field Spectrographs (IFS). From optical and mid-IR oxygen emission lines, we measured direct-method abundances for three ionic states of oxygen, including O$^{3+}$/H$^+$. In contrast to previous studies of I Zw 18, the high spatial resolution afforded by KCWI and MIRI/MRS revealed chemical inhomogeneities on 60 pc scales in the fo…

Acoustically driven dark matter freeze-out
Iason Baldes, Ryusuke Jinno
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11884 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.11…

Acoustically driven dark matter freeze-out
We extend the study of the effect of density perturbations to the well known thermal dark matter freeze-out scenario. We find $\sim 10 \, \%$ enhancements in the cross section are required to match onto the observed relic abundance for primordial curvature perturbations $\sim 0.2$ at length scales $\sim 1/$Hubble at freeze-out. Such corrections may be of importance in scenarios in which such perturbations are present and observational signals, such as the indirect detection rate, depend sensiti…

Unmixed metals: Variations in the enrichment of z~4 sub-damped Lyman alpha systems
Trystyn A. M. Berg, Louise A. Welsh, Ryan J. Cooke, Lise Christensen, Valentina D'Odorico, Sara L. Ellison, Sebastian Lopez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11602

Unmixed metals: Variations in the enrichment of z~4 sub-damped Lyman alpha systems
The chemical abundance patterns of near-pristine objects provide important constraints on the properties of the first generations of stars in the Universe. We present the chemical abundances of five very metal-poor ([M/H]<-2.5) sub damped Lyman alpha systems (subDLAs) covering the redshift range $3.6

Deuterated water abundance in the young hot core RCW 120 S2
Maria. S. Kirsanova, Anastasiia A. Farafontova
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21945 https://…

Deuterated water abundance in the young hot core RCW 120 S2
Since the emission of water molecules cannot be observed from Earth, less abundant isotopologues, such as H$_2^{18}$O and HDO, are used to trace water in star-forming regions. The main aim of this study is to determine HDO abundance in the hot core RCW 120 S2. We performed observations of the hot core in the 200-255~GHz range using the nFLASH230 receiver on the APEX telescope. Two HDO lines were detected toward RCW 120 S2. Their intensities are described by excitation temperature $286\pm2$~K an…

The cosmological lithium problem
Oswaldo D. Miranda
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09821 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.09821…

The cosmological lithium problem
The discrepancy between the predictions of primordial nucleosynthesis and the observed lithium abundance in Spite plateau stars has been attributed either to a challenge to the standard model of nucleosynthesis or to stellar processes occurring after the stars formed. To understand the origin of this discrepancy, it is crucial to link the cosmic star formation rate with a chemical enrichment model that incorporates the yields of both Population (Pop) III and II stars. It is within this framewor…

GeV-scale thermal dark matter from dark photons: tightly constrained, yet allowed
D. Alonso-Gonz\'alez, D. Cerde\~no, P. Foldenauer, J. M. No
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11376 …

GeV-scale thermal dark matter from dark photons: tightly constrained, yet allowed
GeV-scale thermal dark matter (DM) is highly constrained by the null results of both direct and indirect detection experiments, especially in the context of simplified models. In this work, we study the interplay of collider, direct and indirect detection constraints on an extension of the dark Abelian Higgs model that includes a Dirac fermionic DM candidate, $χ$. We take into account in a consistent fashion the dilution of the indirect and direct detection signals when the relic abundance of …

A new framework of multidimensional pulsating stellar envelopes I.: Properties of turbulent convection in static RR Lyrae envelope models with SPHERLS
G\'abor B. Kov\'acs, R. Szab\'o, J. Nuspl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11280

A new framework of multidimensional pulsating stellar envelopes I.: Properties of turbulent convection in static RR Lyrae envelope models with SPHERLS
Context. The one-dimensional treatment of turbulent convection had large successes until the early 2000s. However, the recent abundance and precision of observational data shows that this problem is far from solved. A modern approach should be developed by using multidimensional models. Aims. We established a new theoretical framework for comparison between one-dimensional and multidimensional convection models by mapping the two-dimensional structure of the convective zone and optimizing the…

Caveats about measuring carbon abundances in stars using the CH band
Pablo Santos-Peral, Patricia S\'anchez-Bl\'azquez, Alejandro Vazdekis, Pedro Alonso Palicio, Adam Thomas Knowles, Alejandra Recio-Blanco, Carlos Allende Prieto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11351

Caveats about measuring carbon abundances in stars using the CH band
Deriving accurate carbon abundance estimates for a wide variety of stars is still complex due to the difficulties in properly measuring it from atomic and molecular lines. The aim of this paper is to analyse the carbon abundance determination for the large empirical X-shooter Spectral Library (XSL), commonly used as a benchmark for the development of stellar population models. The analysis was performed over strong molecular CH bands in the G-band region. We used the GAUGUIN automated spectrum …

Effect of Galactic Chemical Evolution on Exoplanet Properties
Jason H. Steffen (UNLV), Cody Shakespeare (UNLV), Robert Royer (UNLV), David Rice (Open University of Israel), Allona Vazan (Open University of Israel)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10942

Effect of Galactic Chemical Evolution on Exoplanet Properties
We couple a simplified model for the galactic chemical evolution, with software that models the condensation of dust in protoplanetary disks and software that models the interior structure of planets in order to estimate the effects that the galactic chemical evolution has on the properties of planets as they form over time. We find that the early abundance of elements formed from the evolution and death of high-mass stars (such as Oxygen, Silicon, and Magnesium) yields planets with larger mant…

Universal lower bound on the axion decay constant from free streaming effects
Keisuke Harigaya, Wayne Hu, Rayne Liu, Huangyu Xiao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01956

Universal lower bound on the axion decay constant from free streaming effects
We show that enhancement of the axion relic abundance compared to the standard misalignment contribution generically leads to the production of nonzero momentum axion modes, resulting in warm dark matter behavior and enhanced isocurvature perturbations. It leads to universal constraints on the axion parameter space that are independent of detailed model assumptions and cosmological history. For models enhancing relic abundance with gradient axion modes, observations of the Lyman-$α$ forest imp…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21945 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Deuterated water abundance in the young hot core RCW 120 S2
Since the emission of water molecules cannot be observed from Earth, less abundant isotopologues, such as H$_2^{18}$O and HDO, are used to trace water in star-forming regions. The main aim of this study is to determine HDO abundance in the hot core RCW 120 S2. We performed observations of the hot core in the 200-255~GHz range using the nFLASH230 receiver on the APEX telescope. Two HDO lines were detected toward RCW 120 S2. Their intensities are described by excitation temperature $286\pm2$~K an…

Evading Dark Matter Bounds through NLSP-Assisted Freeze-Out with Long-Lived Signatures
Sarif Khan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10618 https://

Evading Dark Matter Bounds through NLSP-Assisted Freeze-Out with Long-Lived Signatures
In this work, we explore a conversion-driven freeze-out scenario, where the next-to-lightest stable particle (NLSP) sets the dark matter (DM) abundance through the process ``NLSP SM $\leftrightarrow$ DM SM". Although DM is produced via a freeze-out mechanism, its interaction strength with the visible sector can range from weak to feeble couplings. This results in a vast, largely unexplored parameter space that evades current direct, indirect, and collider bounds, while remaining testable in the…

Blue supergiants in the Pinwheel Galaxy M101: comparison with H II region chemical abundances, spectroscopic distance and an independent determination of the Hubble constant
Fabio Bresolin, Rolf-Peter Kudritzki, Miguel A. Urbaneja, Eva Sextl, Adam G. Riess
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11837

Blue supergiants in the Pinwheel Galaxy M101: comparison with H II region chemical abundances, spectroscopic distance and an independent determination of the Hubble constant
We present a quantitative spectroscopic study of 13 blue supergiant stars in the Pinwheel Galaxy M101, based on data obtained with the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer available at the Keck I telescope. The average stellar metallicity decreases from ~1.9 Zsun near the center of the galaxy to ~0.3 Zsun at the optical outskirts. The galactocentric radial metallicity gradient is statistically consistent with previous studies of the gas-phase oxygen abundance from H II regions using the direct m…

Consistent gas-phase C/O abundances from UV and optical emission lines: a robust scale for chemical evolution across cosmic time
Paige M. Kelly, Tucker Jones, Yuguang Chen, Ryan L. Sanders, Danielle A. Berg, Peter Senchyna, Fabio Bresolin, Daniel P. Stark
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03954

Consistent gas-phase C/O abundances from UV and optical emission lines: a robust scale for chemical evolution across cosmic time
The carbon to oxygen (C/O) abundance ratio is a valuable tracer of star formation history, as C and O enrichment occurs on different timescales. However, measurements based on ultraviolet (UV) collisionally excited lines and those based on optical recombination lines may be subject to biases from the abundance discrepancy factor (ADF), which is well established for oxygen but uncertain for carbon. We present precise UV-based measurements of gas-phase C$^{2+}$/O$^{2+}$ ionic abundance in four H …

Fine-structure Line Atlas for Multi-wavelength Extragalactic Study (FLAMES) III: [C II] as Tracer, Crisis of SFR, [O III]/[C II] at High-z, New Answers and New Questions
Bo Peng, Gordon Stacey, Amit Vishwas, Catie Ball, Cody Lamarche, Christopher Rooney, Thomas Nikola, Carl Ferkinhoff
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12896

Fine-structure Line Atlas for Multi-wavelength Extragalactic Study (FLAMES) III: [C II] as Tracer, Crisis of SFR, [O III]/[C II] at High-z, New Answers and New Questions
In the final paper of this series, we discuss new perspectives and challenges in the study of interstellar medium (ISM), leveraging comprehensive catalogs and physical insights presented in our previous papers. We focus on key questions of far-infrared (FIR) fine-structure lines (FSLs): their origins, diagnostic value, and implications of correlations. Our analysis reveals a strong dependence on elemental abundance, so that FSL/H$α$ traces metallicity, [N II]/[C II] traces N/O, and $\sim$80% o…

Sulphur abundances in star-forming regions from optical emission lines: A new approach based on photoionization models consistent with the direct method
Enrique P\'erez-Montero, Borja P\'erez-D\'iaz, Jos\'e M. V\'ilchez, Igor A. Zinchenko, Asier Castrillo, Marta Gavil\'an, Sandra Zamora, \'Angeles I. D\'iaz
https://

Sulphur abundances in star-forming regions from optical emission lines: A new approach based on photoionization models consistent with the direct method
The derivation of sulphur chemical abundances in the gas-phase of star-forming galaxies is explored in this work, using the emission lines produced in these regions in the optical part of the spectrum and by means of photoionization models. We adapted the code HII-CHI-mistry to account for these abundances by implementing additional grids of models that assume a variable sulphur-to-oxygen abundance ratio, beyond the commonly assumed solar ratio. The addition of these models, and their use in a …

Hydrostatic and explosive $\alpha$-element chemical abundances of Milky Way globular clusters, halo substructures, and satellite galaxies
Danny Horta, Melissa K. Ness
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08079

Hydrostatic and explosive $α$-element chemical abundances of Milky Way globular clusters, halo substructures, and satellite galaxies
Stellar atmospheric element abundance ratios of stars retain information about their birth conditions, helping elucidate their origin and nature. In this letter, we analyse and contrast the hydrostatic and explosive $α$-element abundance ratios, and the ratio of the two (the hex ratio), for a large sample of Galactic globular clusters (GCs), halo substructures, satellite galaxies, and the Milky Way high-/low-$α$ discs using data from the $APOGEE$ survey. Our results show that: $i$) Milky Way …

The Diversity of Metal-Enrichment and Abundance Patterns at High Redshift: A Magellan Survey of Gas-rich Galaxies Traced by Damped Lyman-alpha Absorbers at z~5
Jianghao Huyan, Varsha P. Kulkarni, Suraj Poudel, Nicolas Tejos, Celine Peroux, Sebastian Lopez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02940

The Diversity of Metal-Enrichment and Abundance Patterns at High Redshift: A Magellan Survey of Gas-rich Galaxies Traced by Damped Lyman-alpha Absorbers at z~5
A powerful technique to trace the signatures of the first stars is through the metal enrichment in concentrated reservoirs of hydrogen, such as the damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs) in the early universe. We conducted a survey aimed at discovering DLAs along sight lines to high-z quasars in order to measure element abundances at z>4. Here we report our first results from this survey for 10 DLAs with redshifts of ~4.2-5.0. We determine abundances of C, O, Si, S, and Fe, and thereby the metalli…

Element nucleosynthetic origins from abundance spatial distributions beyond the Milky Way
Zefeng Li, Mark R. Krumholz, Anna F. McLeod, A. Mark Swinbank, Emily Wisnioski, J. Trevor Mendel, Francesco Belfiore, Giovanni Cresci, Giacomo Venturi, Jialai Kang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21365

Element nucleosynthetic origins from abundance spatial distributions beyond the Milky Way
An element's astrophysical origin should be reflected in the spatial distribution of its abundance, yielding measurably different spatial distributions for elements with different nucleosynthetic sites. However, most extragalactic multi-element analyses of gas-phase abundances to date have been limited to small numbers of sightlines, making statistical characterization of differences in spatial distributions of elements impossible. Here we use integrated field spectroscopic data covering the fu…

A COMPASS to Model Comparison and Simulation-Based Inference in Galactic Chemical Evolution
Berkay Gunes, Sven Buder, Tobias Buck
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05060

A COMPASS to Model Comparison and Simulation-Based Inference in Galactic Chemical Evolution
We present \texttt{COMPASS}, a novel simulation-based inference framework that combines score-based diffusion models with transformer architectures to jointly perform parameter estimation and Bayesian model comparison across competing Galactic Chemical Evolution (GCE) models. \texttt{COMPASS} handles high-dimensional, incomplete, and variable-size stellar abundance datasets. % Applied to high-precision elemental abundance measurements, \texttt{COMPASS} evaluates 40 combinations of nucleosynthet…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.02748 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

Measuring Interstellar Carbon Abundance via 158 um [CII] Absorption with SOFIA -- A Potential Detection, and Proof-of-Concept for Depletion Studies with Future Far-IR Facilities
Carbon plays key roles in the InterStellar Medium (ISM) -- as a constituent of dust, as the carrier of the dominant far-infrared cooling line, and as a component of various important molecules. But despite this, there are very few measurements of the abundance and depletion of carbon in the diffuse ISM. As with other elements, these measurements are traditionally performed in the ultraviolet. But for carbon, such measurements are extremely difficult, and less than 20 have been reported in the l…

An Ultra-Faint, Chemically Primitive Galaxy Forming at the Epoch of Reionization
Kimihiko Nakajima, Masami Ouchi, Yuichi Harikane, Eros Vanzella, Yoshiaki Ono, Yuki Isobe, Moka Nishigaki, Takuji Tsujimoto, Fumitaka Nakamura, Yi Xu, Hiroya Umeda, Yechi Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11846…

An Ultra-Faint, Chemically Primitive Galaxy Forming at the Epoch of Reionization
The formation of the first stars and galaxies marked the onset of cosmic structure and chemical enrichment, yet direct observations of such primordial systems remain elusive. Here we present James Webb Space Telescope spectroscopic observations of LAP1-B, an ultra-faint galaxy at redshift z_{spec}=6.625 +/-0.001, corresponding to a cosmic age of 800 million years after the Big Bang, strongly magnified by gravitational lensing. LAP1-B exhibits a gas-phase oxygen abundance of (4.2 +/- 1.8) x 10^{…