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Sandwich test for Quantum Phase Estimation
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.23716 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.23716

Sandwich test for Quantum Phase Estimation
Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) has potential for a scientific revolution through numerous practical applications like finding better medicines, batteries, materials, catalysts etc. Many QPE algorithms use the Hadamard test to estimate $\langle ψ|U^{k}|ψ\rangle$ for a large integer $k$ for an efficiently preparable initial state $|ψ\rangle$ and an efficiently implementable unitary operator $U$. The Hadamard test is hard to implement because it requires controlled applications o…