Tootfinder

from my link log —
Intra-procedural lifetime and borrowing analysis in Clang.
https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-intra-procedural-lifetime-analysis-in-clang/86291
saved 2025-07-15

ICE detentions of non-criminal immigrants spike; about 8% have violent convictions, analysis of new data shows (Julia Ingram/CBS News)
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ice-detentions-non-criminal-immigrants-violent-crime-convictions-analysis/
http://www.memeorandum.com/250630/p109#a250630p109

Experts raise concerns that Malta's expedited MiCA licensing process may lack sufficient enforcement and oversight; OKX received a MiCA license in four days (CoinDesk)
https://www.coindesk.com/news-analysis/202

'Like Ordering McDonald's:' Malta's MiCA Fast-Track Draws Oversight Concerns
Some people think Malta is nimble and innovative when it comes to regulation. But others see a fast track to regulatory arbitrage.

"Worldwide #search #traffic has fallen by 15 percent in the past year [...] The culprit: AI search. Now that #AI-generated summaries are being integrated into search results, anyone looking for informati…

A look at the struggles of HGTV, whose total audience fell from 1.5M in 2017 to 773,000 in 2024, amid competition from DIY TikTokers and streaming services (Peter White/Deadline)
https://deadline.com/2025/07/hgtv-analysis-1236467830/

💩 Nitrogen in forests and grasslands overestimated, new global analysis shows
https://phys.org/news/2025-07-nitrogen-forests-grasslands-overestimated-global.html

Nitrogen in forests and grasslands overestimated, new global analysis shows
Forests, grasslands, and other natural areas around the world have access to about a quarter less nitrogen than previously estimated, according to a new study published in Nature.

What do the #Trump|ist factions of capital want? Can that be squared with the interests of the #MAGA base? Capable state managers could potentially thread the needle, but that's all gone. Benjamin Braun and Cédric Durand about the US ruling class taking the reins to manage its own decline.

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17370 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_sta…

A Refined Analysis of UCBVI
In this work, we provide a refined analysis of the UCBVI algorithm (Azar et al., 2017), improving both the bonus terms and the regret analysis. Additionally, we compare our version of UCBVI with both its original version and the state-of-the-art MVP algorithm. Our empirical validation demonstrates that improving the multiplicative constants in the bounds has significant positive effects on the empirical performance of the algorithms.

Evolution analysis of software quality metrics in an open-source java project: A case study on TestNG
Venkata Sai Sravya Sambaturu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22884

Evolution analysis of software quality metrics in an open-source java project: A case study on TestNG
Software quality is critical in modern software engineering, especially in large and evolving codebases. This study analyzes the evolution of software quality metrics in five successive versions of the open-source Java testing framework TestNG. Using the static analysis tool Understand, eleven key object-oriented metrics, including cyclomatic complexity, class coupling, and lines of code, were extracted for each version. Statistical and visual analyses reveal structural trends over time. The re…

Trump says Epstein poached young women from Mar-a-Lago. That raises new questions about what he knew.
https://www.cnn.com/2025/07/29/politics/epstein-trump-falling-out-analysis?cid=ios_app

Theoretical Analysis of Relative Errors in Gradient Computations for Adversarial Attacks with CE Loss
Yunrui Yu, Hang Su, Cheng-zhong Xu, Zhizhong Su, Jun Zhu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22428

Theoretical Analysis of Relative Errors in Gradient Computations for Adversarial Attacks with CE Loss
Gradient-based adversarial attacks using the Cross-Entropy (CE) loss often suffer from overestimation due to relative errors in gradient computation induced by floating-point arithmetic. This paper provides a rigorous theoretical analysis of these errors, conducting the first comprehensive study of floating-point computation errors in gradient-based attacks across four distinct scenarios: (i) unsuccessful untargeted attacks, (ii) successful untargeted attacks, (iii) unsuccessful targeted attack…

UN report reveals Russia's premeditated attack on Olenivka prison, debunking Ukrainian HIMARS claims: https://benborges.xyz/2025/07/01/un-report-reveals-russias-premeditated.html

New test unmasks illegal elephant ivory disguised as mammoth #AnimalRights

New test unmasks illegal elephant ivory disguised as mammoth
Poachers are using a sneaky loophole to bypass the international ivory trade ban—by passing off illegal elephant ivory as legal mammoth ivory. Since the two types look deceptively similar, law enforcement struggles to tell them apart, especially when tusks are carved or polished. But scientists may have found a powerful new tool: stable isotope analysis.

Futility Analysis under Scrutiny
Rui Jin, Cai Wu, Peter Mesenbrink
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22770 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.22770

Futility Analysis under Scrutiny
This paper investigates the robustness of futility analyses in clinical trials when interim analysis population deviates from the target population. We demonstrate how population shifts can distort early stopping decisions and propose post-stratification strategies to mitigate these effects. Simulation studies illustrate the impact of subgroup imbalances and the effectiveness of naive, model-based, and hybrid post-stratification methods. We also introduce a permutation-based screening test for …

CyGym: A Simulation-Based Game-Theoretic Analysis Framework for Cybersecurity
Michael Lanier, Yevgeniy Vorobeychik
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21688 https:/…

CyGym: A Simulation-Based Game-Theoretic Analysis Framework for Cybersecurity
We introduce a novel cybersecurity encounter simulator between a network defender and an attacker designed to facilitate game-theoretic modeling and analysis while maintaining many significant features of real cyber defense. Our simulator, built within the OpenAI Gym framework, incorporates realistic network topologies, vulnerabilities, exploits (including-zero-days), and defensive mechanisms. Additionally, we provide a formal simulation-based game-theoretic model of cyberdefense using this sim…

🚨 Encryption isn’t optional anymore. In EdTechSR Episode 342: Jason & I discuss why the FBI wants you on Signal, Google’s antitrust headaches, and AI tools that’ll blow your mind.
🎙️ https://edtechsr.com/2025/05/30/edtechsr-ep-342-encrypted-by-default/

EdTechSR Ep 342 Encrypted by Default
where technology news meets educational analysis Welcome to episode 342 (“Encrypted by Default”) of the EdTech Situation Room from December 18, 2024, where technology news meets educational analysis. This week, Dr. Jason Neiffer (aicentrist.com) and Dr. Wesley Fryer (wesfryer.com) unpacked the FBI’s unprecedented advice urging Americans to use encrypted messaging apps like Signal and WhatsApp, discussing the implications for personal privacy, national security, and school digital literacy…

CISA unveils free Thorium malware analysis platform https://therecord.media/cisa-unveils-free-malware-analysis-tool

Buzz: Isaiah Likely to miss preseason with foot injury https://www.espn.com/fantasy/football/story/_/id/40699880/fantasy-football-injuries-position-battles-nfl-news-analysis

"Bangladesh plans new reserve for trapped elephants"
#Bangladesh #Elephants #Animals

Bangladesh plans new reserve for trapped elephants
Founder’s Briefs: An occasional series where Mongabay founder Rhett Ayers Butler shares analysis, perspectives and story summaries. Bangladesh is preparing to add to its tally of 56 protected areas by declaring a new sanctuary in its northeast — not for forests or tigers, but for a group of elephants trapped by geopolitics, reports Mongabay’s Abu […]

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.06136 has been replaced.
link: https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=a

Quantitative Verification with Neural Networks
We present a data-driven approach to the quantitative verification of probabilistic programs and stochastic dynamical models. Our approach leverages neural networks to compute tight and sound bounds for the probability that a stochastic process hits a target condition within finite time. This problem subsumes a variety of quantitative verification questions, from the reachability and safety analysis of discrete-time stochastic dynamical models, to the study of assertion-violation and terminatio…

Heavy flavored hydrogen molecule systems
Hui-Min Yang, Yao Ma, Shi-Lin Zhu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21498 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.21498 https://arxiv.org/html/2507.21498
arXiv:2507.21498v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of $S$-wave exotic hydrogen-like three-body systems ($pp\mu^-$, $pp\tau^-$, $\mu^-\mu^-p$, $\tau^-\tau^-p$, $p\mu^-\tau^-$) with spin-parity $J^P = 1/2^ $ and $3/2^ $, and four-body systems ($pp\mu^-\mu^-$, $pp\tau^-\tau^-$) with $J^P = 0^ $, $1^ $, and $2^ $. We use complex scaling and Gaussian expansion methods to solve the complex-scaled Schr\"{o}dinger equation and obtain possible bound and quasi-bound states. The resulting binding energies range from $-33.8$~keV to $-340$~eV. Notably, we present the first theoretical estimation of the bound-state energy levels of $pp\mu^-\mu^-$ and $pp\tau^-\tau^-$, which is of significant importance for understanding exotic few-body Coulomb systems. We further analyze spin configurations and root-mean-square radii to elucidate the spatial structure of these bound and quasi-bound states. Our results reveal that $K$-type spatial configurations play a crucial role in accurately describing bound and quasi-bound states in the hydrogen-molecule-like systems $pp\mu^-\mu^-$ and $pp\tau^-\tau^-$. Incorporating $K$-type configurations significantly alters the mass spectra of these states. Future muon colliders and muon facilities may offer promising platforms for the possible copious production of such heavy flavored hydrogen molecules and molecular ions. For instance, scattering processes such as $2\mu^- \mathrm{H_2} \to \mathrm{H_{2\mu}} 2e^-$, $\mu^- \mathrm{H_2} \to \mathrm{H_{\mu e}} e^-$, and $\mu^- \mathrm{H_2^ } \to \mathrm{H_{2\mu}^ } e^-$ could be utilized, facilitating detailed studies of intriguing states such as $\mathrm{H_{2\mu}}$, $\mathrm{H_{\mu e}}$, and $\mathrm{H_{2\mu}^ }$.
toXiv_bot_toot

Fixed-Point-Oriented Programming: A Concise and Elegant Paradigm
Yong Qi Foo, Brian Sze-Kai Cheong, Michael D. Adams
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21439 https://

Fixed-Point-Oriented Programming: A Concise and Elegant Paradigm
Fixed-Point-Oriented Programming (FPOP) is an emerging paradigm designed to streamline the implementation of problems involving self-referential computations. These include graph algorithms, static analysis, parsing, and distributed computing-domains that traditionally require complex and tricky-to-implement work-queue algorithms. Existing programming paradigms lack direct support for these inherently fixed-point computations, leading to inefficient and error-prone implementations. This white…

Assessing the Ecological Impact of AI
Sylvia Wenmackers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21102 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.21102

Assessing the Ecological Impact of AI
Philosophers of technology have recently started paying more attention to the environmental impacts of AI, in particular of large language models (LLMs) and generative AI (genAI) applications. Meanwhile, few developers of AI give concrete estimates of the ecological impact of their models and products, and even when they do so, their analysis is often limited to green house gas emissions of certain stages of AI development or use. The current proposal encourages practically viable analyses of t…

Comparative Analysis of Vision Transformers and Convolutional Neural Networks for Medical Image Classification
Kunal Kawadkar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21156 https://

Comparative Analysis of Vision Transformers and Convolutional Neural Networks for Medical Image Classification
The emergence of Vision Transformers (ViTs) has revolutionized computer vision, yet their effectiveness compared to traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in medical imaging remains under-explored. This study presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of CNN and ViT architectures across three critical medical imaging tasks: chest X-ray pneumonia detection, brain tumor classification, and skin cancer melanoma detection. We evaluated four state-of-the-art models - ResNet-50, Efficien…

So, I dunno, is this believable?
https://www.bea.gov/news/2025/gross-domestic-product-2nd-quarter-2025-advance-estimate

This looks like an interesting training event for postgrads and doctoral researchers in literary studies: stylometry and keystroke logging analysis using R and AntConc.
https://pala2025.com/summer-school/

Summer School
Computational Literary Studies UK Training School 2025 7-8 July 2025 Aston University, Birmingham Two days of workshops organised by Professor Bas Groes, University of Wolverhampton Workshop Schedu…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.00847 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Analysis of Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation Problems in Low Regularity Spaces
We carry out a rigorous analysis of four-dimensional variational data assimilation ($4D$-VAR) problems for linear and semilinear parabolic partial differential equations. Continuity of the state with respect to the spatial variable is required since pointwise observations of the state variable appear in the cost functional. Using maximal parabolic regularity tools, we prove this regularity for initial conditions with $L^β$-regularity guaranteed by control constraints, rather than Sobolev regul…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.06558 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_hept…

The Asymptotic Structure of Cosmological Integrals
We provide a general analysis of the asymptotic behaviour of perturbative contributions to observables in arbitrary power-law FRW cosmologies, indistinctly the Bunch-Davies wavefunction and cosmological correlators. We consider a large class of scalar toy models, including conformally-coupled and massless scalars in arbitrary dimensions, that admits a first principle definition in terms of (generalised/weighted) cosmological polytopes. The perturbative contributions to an observable can be expr…

Supervised Quantum Image Processing
Marco Parigi, Mehran Khosrojerdi, Filippo Caruso, Leonardo Banchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22039 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Supervised Quantum Image Processing
In the era of big data and artificial intelligence, the increasing volume of data and the demand to solve more and more complex computational challenges are two driving forces for improving the efficiency of data storage, processing and analysis. Quantum image processing (QIP) is an interdisciplinary field between quantum information science and image processing, which has the potential to alleviate some of these challenges by leveraging the power of quantum computing. In this work, we compare …

Traffic Apocalypse -- Google's AI Overviews are killing click-throughs to news sites. (Klaudia Jaźwińska/Columbia Journalism Review)
https://www.cjr.org/analysis/traffic-apocalypse-google-ai-overviews-killing-click-throughs-news-sites.php
http://www.memeorandum.com/250731/p22#a250731p22

Replaced article(s) found for cs.AI. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.AI/new
[1/5]:
- A finite time analysis of distributed Q-learning
Han-Dong Lim, Donghwan Lee
https:/…

StepAL: Step-aware Active Learning for Cataract Surgical Videos
Nisarg A. Shah, Bardia Safaei, Shameema Sikder, S. Swaroop Vedula, Vishal M. Patel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22059

StepAL: Step-aware Active Learning for Cataract Surgical Videos
Active learning (AL) can reduce annotation costs in surgical video analysis while maintaining model performance. However, traditional AL methods, developed for images or short video clips, are suboptimal for surgical step recognition due to inter-step dependencies within long, untrimmed surgical videos. These methods typically select individual frames or clips for labeling, which is ineffective for surgical videos where annotators require the context of the entire video for annotation. To addre…

Analise Semantica Automatizada com LLM e RAG para Bulas Farmaceuticas
Daniel Meireles do Rego
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21103 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.2…

Analise Semantica Automatizada com LLM e RAG para Bulas Farmaceuticas
The production of digital documents has been growing rapidly in academic, business, and health environments, presenting new challenges in the efficient extraction and analysis of unstructured information. This work investigates the use of RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) architectures combined with Large-Scale Language Models (LLMs) to automate the analysis of documents in PDF format. The proposal integrates vector search techniques by embeddings, semantic data extraction and generation of …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.08297 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@ar…

Quantitative Lineshape Analysis for Arbitrary Inhomogeneity in Two-Dimensional Coherent Spectroscopy
Two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy (2DCS) provides simultaneous measurement of homogeneous and inhomogeneous linewidths through quantitative lineshape analysis. However, conventional lineshape analysis methods assume Gaussian inhomogeneity, limiting its applicability to systems with non-Gaussian inhomogeneity. We present a quantitative lineshape analysis method incorporating arbitrary inhomogeneity using a bivariate spectral distribution function in 2DCS simulations. An algorithm is develope…

Interesting analysis of how memes and humor are used in Kenya‘s GenZ protests: "One protester, clutching a phone still streaming to thousands online, summed up the day: “They tax, we meme. They shoot, we stream.”"
https://democracyinafrica.org/humour-a

Humour as a Form of Resistance in the Kenyan Gen Z Protests | Democracy in Africa

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.13929 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Numerical analysis for the regularised total variation flow
We perform the numerical analysis of the regularised total variation flow using the gradient discretisation method (GDM). GDM is a unified convergence analysis framework that covers conforming and non-conforming numerical methods, for instance, conforming and non-conforming finite element, two-point flux approximation, etc.. In this paper, a fully discretised implicit scheme of the model is proposed, the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the scheme is proved, the stability and consist…

QCD sum rule analysis of $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ light hybrid mesons
Shuang-Hong Li, Zhuo-Ran Huang, Wei Chen, Hong-Ying Jin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22412 https…

QCD sum rule analysis of $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ light hybrid mesons
We performed a comprehensive next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD sum rule analysis of the light hybrid meson with quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{--}$. Utilizing both Laplace sum rules (LSR) and Gaussian sum rules (GSR), we investigate the two-point correlation function of the light hybrid interpolating current, including condensates up to dimension-8. A conservative range $2-2.5\text{GeV}$ is obtained. Notably, the GSR yield mass predictions $2.27\text{GeV}$ for the $s\bar{s}g$ and $2.19\text{GeV}$ for…

Homologous nodes in annotated complex networks
Sung Soo Moon, Sebastian E. Ahnert
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23668 https://arxiv.org/…

Homologous nodes in annotated complex networks
Many real-world networks have associated metadata that assigns categorical labels to nodes. Analysis of these annotations can complement the topological analysis of complex networks. Annotated networks have typically been used to evaluate community detection approaches. Here, we introduce an approach that combines the quantitative analysis of annotations and network structure, which groups nodes according to similar distributions of node annotations in their neighbourhoods. Importantly the node…

Phase space analysis of R\'enyi Holographic dark energy model
Santanu Das, Nilanjana Mahata
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21549 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507…

Phase space analysis of Rényi Holographic dark energy model
Recent observational evidences point out towards a late time acceleration of the universe. In order to study the accelerated expansion, scientists have incorporated the existence of an exotic matter with negative pressure, termed as dark energy. Afterwards a new idea of dark energy have been studied depending on the holographic principle of quantum gravity, called as the Holographic Dark Energy(HDE). Later on modifying Bekestein-Hawking entropy, different generalized entropies have been propose…

Asymptotic analysis and design of shell-based thermal lattice metamaterials
Di Zhang, Ligang Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22319 https://

Asymptotic analysis and design of shell-based thermal lattice metamaterials
We present a rigorous asymptotic analysis framework for investigating the thermal conductivity of shell lattice metamaterials, extending prior work from mechanical stiffness to heat transfer. Central to our analysis is a new metric, the asymptotic directional conductivity (ADC), which captures the leading-order influence of the middle surface geometry on the effective thermal conductivity in the vanishing-thickness limit. A convergence theorem is established for evaluating ADC, along with a sha…

“Our analysis of the food packages supplied by the [Gaza Humanitarian Foundation] shows that their distribution plan would lead to mass starvation, even if it was able to function without the appalling levels of violence that have been reported”
#GazaGenocide
#GazaStarvation

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.11437 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

More on the corner-vector construction for spherical designs
This paper explores a full generalization of the classical corner-vector method for constructing weighted spherical designs, which we call the {\it generalized corner-vector method}. First we establish a uniform upper bound for the degree of designs obtained from the proposed method. Our proof is a hybrid argument that employs techniques in analysis and combinatorics, especially a famous result by Xu(1998) on the interrelation between spherical designs and simplical designs, and the cross-ratio…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20956 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csSD_…

Hybrid Disagreement-Diversity Active Learning for Bioacoustic Sound Event Detection
Bioacoustic sound event detection (BioSED) is crucial for biodiversity conservation but faces practical challenges during model development and training: limited amounts of annotated data, sparse events, species diversity, and class imbalance. To address these challenges efficiently with a limited labeling budget, we apply the mismatch-first farthest-traversal (MFFT), an active learning method integrating committee voting disagreement and diversity analysis. We also refine an existing BioSED da…

Complex Phase Analysis of Power Grid Dynamics
Jakob Niehues, Anna B\"uttner, Anne Riegler, Frank Hellmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22054 https://

Complex Phase Analysis of Power Grid Dynamics
With an increasing share of renewable energy sources, accurate and efficient modeling of grid-forming inverters is becoming crucial for system stability. Linear methods are a powerful tool for understanding dynamics close to an operating point, but usually depend on the reference trajectory. Thus, small deviations can render linear models invalid over time, posing a significant challenge in practice, and complicating theoretical analysis. As a solution, we show that the complex phase offers a r…

Curvature operator and Euler number
Huang Teng, Tan Qiang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22091 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.22091

Curvature operator and Euler number
Let $(X,g)$ be a compact $n$-dimensional smooth Riemannian manifold with a lower bound on the average of the lowest $n-p$ eigenvalues of the curvature operator and the diameter of $X$ is bounded above by $D>0$. In this article, we investigate the relationship between the curvature operator and the Euler number of $X$. Our analysis is based on more general vanishing theorems for a Dirac operator associated with a smooth $1$-form on $X$. As a consequence, we obtain partial affirmative answers to …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20656 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_…

A joint analysis of 3D clustering and galaxy \times CMB-lensing cross-correlations with DESI DR1 galaxies
The spectroscopic data from DESI Data Release 1 (DR1) galaxies enables the analysis of 3D clustering by fitting galaxy power spectra and reconstructed correlation functions in redshift space. Given low measurements of the amplitude of structure from cosmic shear at $z\sim1$, redshift space distortions (RSD) + Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) signals from DESI galaxies combined with weak lensing can break degeneracies and provide a tight alternative constraint on the $z\sim1$ amplitude of struc…

Evaluating Pointing Gestures for Target Selection in Human-Robot Collaboration
Noora Sassali, Roel Pieters
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22116 https://…

Evaluating Pointing Gestures for Target Selection in Human-Robot Collaboration
Pointing gestures are a common interaction method used in Human-Robot Collaboration for various tasks, ranging from selecting targets to guiding industrial processes. This study introduces a method for localizing pointed targets within a planar workspace. The approach employs pose estimation, and a simple geometric model based on shoulder-wrist extension to extract gesturing data from an RGB-D stream. The study proposes a rigorous methodology and comprehensive analysis for evaluating pointing g…

An Analysis of Pseudo-Goodwin Cycles in a Wage-Led Minsky Model
Johannes Buchner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23513 https://arxiv.org/p…

An Analysis of Pseudo-Goodwin Cycles in a Wage-Led Minsky Model
The goal of these notes is to make the concept of "pseudo goodwin cycles" mathematically more precise. At first the title seems like a contradiction to have a wage-led model and still find goodwin cycles in it, but the point we try to make in the paper is that those are only `pseudo-goodwin' cycles, and not real goodwin cycles.

The Growth and Decay of Individual Sunspots and Pores
Andrey Tlatov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21698 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2506.21698…

The Growth and Decay of Individual Sunspots and Pores
An analysis of the photometric growth and decay rates of sunspots and pores was carried out. According to the \textit{Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager} (SDO/HMI) data for the period 05.2010-03-2025, $\approx 3.5\cdot 10^{\rm 5}$ sunspots and pores were detected and their evolution tracked. The growth and decay rates of sunspots depend non-monotonically on the area. For small-area sunspots $S \lesssim 50$ $μ$sh, a rapid increase in velocity is observed with increasing…

Comprehensive Analysis of Behavioral Hardware Impairments in Cell-Free Massive MIMO-OFDM Uplink: Centralized Operation
\"Ozlem Tu\u{g}fe Demir, Muhammed Selman Somuncu, Ahmet M. Elbir, Emil Bj\"ornson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21626

Comprehensive Analysis of Behavioral Hardware Impairments in Cell-Free Massive MIMO-OFDM Uplink: Centralized Operation
Cell-free massive MIMO is a key 6G technology, offering superior spectral and energy efficiency. However, its dense deployment of low-cost access points (APs) makes hardware impairments unavoidable. While narrowband impairments are well-studied, their impact in wideband systems remains unexplored. This paper provides the first comprehensive analysis of hardware impairments, such as nonlinear distortion in low-noise amplifiers, phase noise, in-phase-quadrature imbalance, and low-resolution analo…

Ranking Methods for Skyline Queries
Micka\"el Martin-Nevot (AMU), Lotfi Lakhal (AMU)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21860 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.21860…

Ranking Methods for Skyline Queries
{Multi-criteria decision analysis in databases has been actively studied, especially through the Skyline operator. Yet, few approaches offer a relevant comparison of Pareto optimal, or Skyline, points for high cardinality result sets. We propose to improve the dp-idp method, inspired by tf-idf, a recent approach computing a score for each Skyline point, by introducing the concept of dominance hierarchy. As dp-idp lacks efficiency and does not ensure a distinctive rank, we introduce the RankSky …

Adapting University Policies for Generative AI: Opportunities, Challenges, and Policy Solutions in Higher Education
Russell Beale
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22231

Adapting University Policies for Generative AI: Opportunities, Challenges, and Policy Solutions in Higher Education
The rapid proliferation of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools - especially large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT - has ushered in a transformative era in higher education. Universities in developed regions are increasingly integrating these technologies into research, teaching, and assessment. On one hand, LLMs can enhance productivity by streamlining literature reviews, facilitating idea generation, assisting with coding and data analysis, and even supporting grant proposal d…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.08347 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_eco…

Sensitivity analysis of the perturbed utility stochastic traffic equilibrium
This paper develops a novel sensitivity analysis framework for the perturbed utility route choice (PURC) model and the accompanying stochastic traffic equilibrium model. We provide general results that determine the marginal change in link flows following a marginal change in link costs across the network in the cases of flow-independent and flow-dependent link costs. We derive analytical sensitivity expressions for the Jacobian of the individual optimal PURC flow and equilibrium link flows wit…

From Tracepoints to Timeliness: A Semi-Markov Framework for Predictive Runtime Analysis
Benno Bielmeier, Ralf Ramsauer, Takahiro Yoshida, Wolfgang Mauerer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22645

From Tracepoints to Timeliness: A Semi-Markov Framework for Predictive Runtime Analysis
Detecting and resolving violations of temporal constraints in real-time systems is both, time-consuming and resource-intensive, particularly in complex software environments. Measurement-based approaches are widely used during development, but often are unable to deliver reliable predictions with limited data. This paper presents a hybrid method for worst-case execution time estimation, combining lightweight runtime tracing with probabilistic modelling. Timestamped system events are used to con…

Comprehensive Variability Analysis of Blazars Using Fermi Light Curves Across Multiple Timescales
Zahir Shah, Athar A. Dar, Sikandar Akbar, Anjum Peer, Zahoor Malik, Aaqib Manzoor, Sajad Ahanger, Javaid Tantry, Zeeshan Nazir, Debanjan Bose, Mushtaq Magray
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23645…

Comprehensive Variability Analysis of Blazars Using Fermi Light Curves Across Multiple Timescales
In this study, we conducted a systematic analysis of long-term Fermi-LAT γ-ray data for a sample of blazars, including FSRQs, BL\,Lacs, and BCUs, to investigate their $γ$-ray variability. We focused on light curves binned in 3-, 7-, and 30-day intervals to assess the impact of binning, using data with TS >4 as a detection threshold. We calculated fractional variability ($F_{\rm var}$) for each category and found that FSRQs exhibit higher mean variability compared to BL\,Lacs and BCUs, with BC…

A look at the rise of $5B unicorns, which make up 13% of ~1,600 unicorns but hold $3.5T of $6T total valuation; 17 startups joined the $5B club in H1 2025 (Gené Teare/Crunchbase News)
https://news.crunchbase.com/venture/ultra-unicorn-startups…

The Rise Of The Ultra-Unicorns: $5B+ Startups Are Leading The Private-Market Herd In 2025
Of the nearly 1,600 companies on The Crunchbase Unicorn Board, a small but ultra-elite club of private companies valued at $5 billion or more is growing across multiple metrics, an analysis of the data shows. We take a look at them, their valuations and which sectors — and countries — rank the highest.

Over $14 Billion in U.S. Clean Energy Investments Have Been Canceled or Stalled This Year: Report #UnitedStates

Over $14 Billion in U.S. Clean Energy Investments Have Been Canceled or Stalled This Year: Report
More than $14 billion in clean energy projects have been canceled or delayed in the U.S. since January, according to a new analysis.

CTG-Insight: A Multi-Agent Interpretable LLM Framework for Cardiotocography Analysis and Classification
Black Sun (Delia), Die (Delia), Hu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22205 htt…

CTG-Insight: A Multi-Agent Interpretable LLM Framework for Cardiotocography Analysis and Classification
Remote fetal monitoring technologies are becoming increasingly common. Yet, most current systems offer limited interpretability, leaving expectant parents with raw cardiotocography (CTG) data that is difficult to understand. In this work, we present CTG-Insight, a multi-agent LLM system that provides structured interpretations of fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contraction (UC) signals. Drawing from established medical guidelines, CTG-Insight decomposes each CTG trace into five medically def…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.21026 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csCR_…

Artemis: Toward Accurate Detection of Server-Side Request Forgeries through LLM-Assisted Inter-Procedural Path-Sensitive Taint Analysis
Server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities are inevitable in PHP web applications. Existing static tools in detecting vulnerabilities in PHP web applications neither contain SSRF-related features to enhance detection accuracy nor consider PHP's dynamic type features. In this paper, we present Artemis, a static taint analysis tool for detecting SSRF vulnerabilities in PHP web applications. First, Artemis extracts both PHP built-in and third-party functions as candidate source and sink fu…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.17285 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_sta…

Unraveling the Interplay between Carryover Effects and Reward Autocorrelations in Switchback Experiments
A/B testing has become the gold standard for policy evaluation in modern technological industries. Motivated by the widespread use of switchback experiments in A/B testing, this paper conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of various switchback designs in Markovian environments. Unlike many existing works which derive the optimal design based on specific and relatively simple estimators, our analysis covers a range of state-of-the-art estimators developed in the reinforcement learning (R…

"Pollution from wildfires can contaminate our water for up to 8 years, study finds"
#Pollution #Wildfires #Environment

Pollution from wildfires can contaminate our water for up to eight years, new study finds
An analysis of 500 watersheds found levels of organic carbon, phosphorus, and other pollutants up to 103 times higher after a wildfire.

Quantum-Based Software Engineering
Jianjun Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23674 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.23674

Quantum-Based Software Engineering
Quantum computing has demonstrated potential for solving computationally intensive problems more efficiently than classical methods. Many software engineering tasks, such as test case selection, static analysis, code clone detection, and defect prediction, involve complex optimization, search, or classification, making them candidates for quantum enhancement. In this paper, we propose Quantum-Based Software Engineering (QBSE), a potential research direction for applying quantum computing to cla…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.00847 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_mat…

Analysis of Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation Problems in Low Regularity Spaces
We carry out a rigorous analysis of four-dimensional variational data assimilation ($4D$-VAR) problems for linear and semilinear parabolic partial differential equations. Continuity of the state with respect to the spatial variable is required since pointwise observations of the state variable appear in the cost functional. Using maximal parabolic regularity tools, we prove this regularity for initial conditions with $L^β$-regularity guaranteed by control constraints, rather than Sobolev regul…

Regression Analysis of Reciprocity in Directed Networks
Rui Feng, Chenlei Leng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21469 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.21469

Regression Analysis of Reciprocity in Directed Networks
Reciprocity--the tendency of individuals to form mutual ties--is a fundamental structural feature of many directed networks. Despite its ubiquity, reciprocity remains insufficiently integrated into statistical network models, particularly in relation to covariate information. In this paper, we introduce the $R^{2}$-Model, a novel and flexible framework that explicitly models reciprocity while incorporating covariate effects. Built upon a generalized $p_1$ model, our framework accommodates both …

When Truthful Representations Flip Under Deceptive Instructions?
Xianxuan Long, Yao Fu, Runchao Li, Mu Sheng, Haotian Yu, Xiaotian Han, Pan Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22149 h…

When Truthful Representations Flip Under Deceptive Instructions?
Large language models (LLMs) tend to follow maliciously crafted instructions to generate deceptive responses, posing safety challenges. How deceptive instructions alter the internal representations of LLM compared to truthful ones remains poorly understood beyond output analysis. To bridge this gap, we investigate when and how these representations ``flip'', such as from truthful to deceptive, under deceptive versus truthful/neutral instructions. Analyzing the internal representations of Llama-…

Oxford-based Ultromics, which has developed the first FDA-cleared, Medicare-reimbursed AI tools for cardiology diagnostics, raised a $55M Series C (Tamara Djurickovic/Tech.eu)
https://tech.eu/2025/07/31/ultromics-raises-55m-series-c-to-sca…

Ultromics raises $55M Series C to scale AI-driven heart failure detection
Oxford-based Ultromics, a pioneer in AI-driven cardiology diagnostics solutions, has raised $55 million through its Series C funding round.  Ultromics has developed the first FDA-cleared, Medicare-reimbursed AI technology designed to help clinicians detect Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) and cardiac amyloidosis, two of the most difficult-to-diagnose forms of heart failure. Built on years of clinical research and analysis of hundreds of thousands of echocardiograms, the …

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18422 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csCY_…

A Task-Driven Human-AI Collaboration: When to Automate, When to Collaborate, When to Challenge
According to several empirical investigations, despite en-hancing human capabilities, human-AI cooperation fre-quently falls short of expectations and fails to reach true synergy. We propose a task-driven framework that reverses prevalent approaches by assigning AI roles according to how the task's requirements align with the capabilities of AI technology. Three major AI roles are identified through task analysis across risk and complexity dimensions: au-tonomous, assistive/collaborative, and a…

Enumerating Cayley digraphs on dihedral groups
Zai Ping Lu, Jia Yin Xie, Jin-Hua Xie
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21658 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.21658

Enumerating Cayley digraphs on dihedral groups
This paper investigates the enumeration of Cayley digraphs, focusing on counting Cayley digraphs on dihedral groups up to CI-isomorphism. By leveraging the Cauchy-Frobenius Lemma and properties of automorphisms, we derive an explicit formula for the number of non-isomorphic Cayley digraphs on dihedral groups with DCI-property, particularly for the group $\mathrm{D}_{6p}$ with $p>3$ a prime. The enumeration involves detailed analysis of cycle numbers of automorphisms and their actions on the gro…

The Chiral Limit of Fully Nonlinear Minimal Massive Gravity
Massimo Porrati, Xilin Sheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22762 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.22762

The Chiral Limit of Fully Nonlinear Minimal Massive Gravity
We study 3D Anti de Sitter Minimal Massive Gravity near the chiral limit where one of the boundary Brown-Henneaux central charges vanishes and two modes become null. We go beyond the known free-theory analysis to prove that these modes decouple completely also in the full MMG Lagrangian and field equations. We also use the full action to ascertain if the interacting theory becomes infinitely strongly coupled in the chiral limit. We show that this is not the case at tree level but that a strong …

GeoOutageKG: A Multimodal Geospatiotemporal Knowledge Graph for Multiresolution Power Outage Analysis
Ethan Frakes, Yinghui Wu, Roger H. French, Mengjie Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22878

GeoOutageKG: A Multimodal Geospatiotemporal Knowledge Graph for Multiresolution Power Outage Analysis
Detecting, analyzing, and predicting power outages is crucial for grid risk assessment and disaster mitigation. Numerous outages occur each year, exacerbated by extreme weather events such as hurricanes. Existing outage data are typically reported at the county level, limiting their spatial resolution and making it difficult to capture localized patterns. However, it offers excellent temporal granularity. In contrast, nighttime light satellite image data provides significantly higher spatial re…

Over $14 Billion in U.S. Clean Energy Investments Have Been Canceled or Stalled This Year: Report #UnitedStates

Over $14 Billion in U.S. Clean Energy Investments Have Been Canceled or Stalled This Year: Report
More than $14 billion in clean energy projects have been canceled or delayed in the U.S. since January, according to a new analysis.

Pionic gluons from global QCD analysis of experimental and lattice data
William Good, Patrick C. Barry, Huey-Wen Lin, W. Melnitchouk, Alex NieMiera, Nobuo Sato
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22730

Pionic gluons from global QCD analysis of experimental and lattice data
We perform the first global QCD analysis of parton distribution functions (PDFs) in the pion, with lattice-QCD data on gluonic pseudo--Ioffe-time distributions fitted simultaneously with experimental Drell-Yan and leading neutron electroproduction data. Inclusion of the lattice results with parametrized systematic corrections significantly reduces the uncertainties on the gluon PDF at parton momentum fractions $x \gtrsim 0.2$, revealing a higher gluon density in the pion at large $x$ than in th…

The parabolic Harnack inequality on non-local Dirichlet spaces in the view of pure analysis
Guanhua Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21604 https://arxiv.org/…

The parabolic Harnack inequality on non-local Dirichlet spaces in the view of pure analysis
This paper provides the general theory on parabolic Harnack inequalities (PHI, for short) for regular Dirichlet forms without killing part. We prove PHI by pure analytic methods, using both Nash and Moser approaches, and yield some important properties contained in PHI. Combining our recent result on weak Harnack inequalities, we greatly enlarge the list of equivalent characterizations of PHI.

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21691 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_ees…

Gauss-Ramanujan Functions: Constructions, Properties, and Applications in Communications and Signal Processing
In this article, I construct a new set of functions based on Ramanujan sequences (RSEs), Gaussian pulse (GP), and its delayed Gaussian pulse (DGP). The motivation for this construction is based on the special properties of RSEs, GP, and DGP. First, I present a procedure for constructing Gauss-Ramanujan (GauRam) functions using selected RSEs. I develop an insightful analysis for deterministic and stochastic overlap between GP and DGP. Specifically, I present exact and closed form approximation e…

Sensitivity of DC Network Representation for GIC Analysis
Aniruddh Mishra, Arthur K. Barnes, Jose E. Tabarez, Adam Mate
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.23016 ht…

Sensitivity of DC Network Representation for GIC Analysis
Geomagnetic disturbances are a threat to the reliability and security of our national critical energy infrastructures. These events specifically result in geomagnetically induced currents, which can cause damage to transformers due to magnetic saturation. In order to mitigate these effects, blocker devices must be placed in optimal locations. Finding this placement requires a dc representation of the ac transmission lines, which this paper discusses. Different decisions in this process, includi…

Motion Matters: Motion-guided Modulation Network for Skeleton-based Micro-Action Recognition
Jihao Gu, Kun Li, Fei Wang, Yanyan Wei, Zhiliang Wu, Hehe Fan, Meng Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21977

Motion Matters: Motion-guided Modulation Network for Skeleton-based Micro-Action Recognition
Micro-Actions (MAs) are an important form of non-verbal communication in social interactions, with potential applications in human emotional analysis. However, existing methods in Micro-Action Recognition often overlook the inherent subtle changes in MAs, which limits the accuracy of distinguishing MAs with subtle changes. To address this issue, we present a novel Motion-guided Modulation Network (MMN) that implicitly captures and modulates subtle motion cues to enhance spatial-temporal represe…

Reliability Analysis of Smart Contract Execution Architectures: A Comparative Simulation Study
\"Onder G\"urcan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22180 …

Reliability Analysis of Smart Contract Execution Architectures: A Comparative Simulation Study
The industrial market continuously needs reliable solutions to secure autonomous systems. Especially as these systems become more complex and interconnected, reliable security solutions are becoming increasingly important. One promising solution to tackle this challenge is using smart contracts designed to meet contractual conditions, avoid malicious errors, secure exchanges, and minimize the need for reliable intermediaries. However, smart contracts are immutable. Moreover, there are different…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20688 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_sta…

A False Discovery Rate Control Method Using a Fully Connected Hidden Markov Random Field for Neuroimaging Data
False discovery rate (FDR) control methods are essential for voxel-wise multiple testing in neuroimaging data analysis, where hundreds of thousands or even millions of tests are conducted to detect brain regions associated with disease-related changes. Classical FDR control methods (e.g., BH, q-value, and LocalFDR) assume independence among tests and often lead to high false non-discovery rates (FNR). Although various spatial FDR control methods have been developed to improve power, they still …

Explainability-Driven Feature Engineering for Mid-Term Electricity Load Forecasting in ERCOT's SCENT Region
Abhiram Bhupatiraju, Sung Bum Ahn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22220

Explainability-Driven Feature Engineering for Mid-Term Electricity Load Forecasting in ERCOT's SCENT Region
Accurate load forecasting is essential to the operation of modern electric power systems. Given the sensitivity of electricity demand to weather variability and temporal dynamics, capturing non-linear patterns is essential for long-term planning. This paper presents a comparative analysis of machine learning models, Linear Regression, XGBoost, LightGBM, and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), for forecasting system-wide electricity load up to one year in advance. Midterm forecasting has shown to be …

Cross-Border Legal Adaptation of Autonomous Vehicle Design based on Logic and Non-monotonic Reasoning
Zhe Yu, Yiwei Lu, Burkhard Schafer, Zhe Lin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22432

Cross-Border Legal Adaptation of Autonomous Vehicle Design based on Logic and Non-monotonic Reasoning
This paper focuses on the legal compliance challenges of autonomous vehicles in a transnational context. We choose the perspective of designers and try to provide supporting legal reasoning in the design process. Based on argumentation theory, we introduce a logic to represent the basic properties of argument-based practical (normative) reasoning, combined with partial order sets of natural numbers to express priority. Finally, through case analysis of legal texts, we show how the reasoning sys…

Frequency-Domain Analysis of the Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko Beams with Attached Masses
Alexander Zuyev, Julia Kalosha
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22147 https://

Frequency-Domain Analysis of the Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko Beams with Attached Masses
This work is focused on the frequency-domain modeling of a simply supported flexible beam with an attached mass in the presence of dissipation. The considered system is equipped with a spring-loaded control actuator and possesses local damping effect. With the help of Hamilton's variational principle, the equations of motion are derived in the state space form with account of interface conditions involving lumped control and local damping. The transfer functions are obtained for Timoshenko and …

Trump's tariffs could squeeze US factories and boost costs by up to 4.5%, a new analysis finds (Associated Press)
https://apnews.com/article/trump-tariffs-factory-costs-manufacturing-4c928842b57c7f36db9d5ca26a84108b
http://www.memeorandum.com/250729/p41#a250729p41

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.21700 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_csIR_…

Rethinking Chunk Size For Long-Document Retrieval: A Multi-Dataset Analysis
Chunking is a crucial preprocessing step in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems, significantly impacting retrieval effectiveness across diverse datasets. In this study, we systematically evaluate fixed-size chunking strategies and their influence on retrieval performance using multiple embedding models. Our experiments, conducted on both short-form and long-form datasets, reveal that chunk size plays a critical role in retrieval effectiveness -- smaller chunks (64-128 tokens) are optim…

Meta and Anthropic prevailed in copyright suits against them, but the rulings have major caveats and don't address when AI output might infringe copyright (Adi Robertson/The Verge)
https://www.theverge.com/analysis/694657/ai-copyright-rulings-anthr…

Did AI companies win a fight with authors? Technically
Meta and Anthropic both triumphed in a pair of copyright cases, but with major caveats.

Horseshoe Forests for High-Dimensional Causal Survival Analysis
Tijn Jacobs, Wessel N. van Wieringen, St\'ephanie L. van der Pas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22004 https://

Horseshoe Forests for High-Dimensional Causal Survival Analysis
We develop a Bayesian tree ensemble model to estimate heterogeneous treatment effects in censored survival data with high-dimensional covariates. Instead of imposing sparsity through the tree structure, we place a horseshoe prior directly on the step heights to achieve adaptive global-local shrinkage. This strategy allows flexible regularisation and reduces noise. We develop a reversible jump Gibbs sampler to accommodate the non-conjugate horseshoe prior within the tree ensemble framework. We s…

Semiclassical analysis of axion-like particle emission via nonlinear Compton-like scattering in intense laser fields
Pei-Lun He, En-Rui Zhou, Yue-Yue Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21590

Semiclassical analysis of axion-like particle emission via nonlinear Compton-like scattering in intense laser fields
We investigate the production of axion-like particles through nonlinear Compton-like scattering in intense laser fields using the Baier-Katkov operator method. By explicitly constructing the eikonal spinor wave function, we utilize the semiclassical nature of relativistic electrons, which simplifies the theoretical derivation and circumvents the need to evaluate certain operator products. The electron spin-resolved axion emission rate is obtained under the local constant field approximation, wi…

Failure Risk Prediction in a MOOC: A Multivariate Time Series Analysis Approach
Anass El Ayady (Crem, IRIMAS), Maxime Devanne (IRIMAS), Germain Forestier (IRIMAS), Nour El Mawas (Crem)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21118

Failure Risk Prediction in a MOOC: A Multivariate Time Series Analysis Approach
MOOCs offer free and open access to a wide audience, but completion rates remain low, often due to a lack of personalized content. To address this issue, it is essential to predict learner performance in order to provide tailored feedback. Behavioral traces-such as clicks and events-can be analyzed as time series to anticipate learners' outcomes. This work compares multivariate time series classification methods to identify at-risk learners at different stages of the course (after 5, 10 weeks, …

DoS Attacks and Defense Technologies in Blockchain Systems: A Hierarchical Analysis
Chunyi Zhang, Fengjiao Dou, Xiaoqi Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22611 https://

DoS Attacks and Defense Technologies in Blockchain Systems: A Hierarchical Analysis
Blockchain technology is widely used in various fields due to its ability to provide decentralization and trustless security. This is a fundamental understanding held by many advocates, but it is misunderstood, leading participants to fail to recognize the limitations of the security that blockchain can provide. Among all current network attacks, Denial of Service (DoS) attacks pose significant threats due to their ease of execution and destructive potential. This paper, based on the blockchain…

Two-Dimensional Nonseparable Fractional Fourier Transform: Theory and Application
Daxiang Li, Zhichao Zhang, Wei Yao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21511 https://

Two-Dimensional Nonseparable Fractional Fourier Transform: Theory and Application
The one-dimensional (1D) fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) generalizes the 1D Fourier transform, offering significant advantages in time-frequency analysis of non-stationary signals. To extend the benefits of the 1D FRFT to higher-dimensional signals, 2D FRFTs, such as the 2D separable FRFT (SFRFT), gyrator transform (GT), and coupled FRFT (CFRFT), have been developed. However, existing 2D FRFTs suffer from several limitations: (1) a lack of theoretical uniformity and general applicability, (…

An Explicit Formula for Vertex Enumeration in the CUT(n) Polytope via Probabilistic Methods
Nevena Mari\'c
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21787 https://

An Explicit Formula for Vertex Enumeration in the CUT(n) Polytope via Probabilistic Methods
The cut polytope $\operatorname{CUT}(n)$, defined as the convex hull of cut vectors in the complete graph $K_n$, is a central object in combinatorial optimization, with applications ranging from max-cut problems to correlation analysis. Building on a probabilistic interpretation via agreement probabilities among symmetric Bernoulli random variables, we derive an explicit closed-form formula for enumerating the vertices of the related polytope $1$-$\operatorname{CUT}(n)$. Our approach is based o…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.13738 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_sta…

Instance-dependent Convergence Theory for Diffusion Models
Score-based diffusion models have demonstrated outstanding empirical performance in machine learning and artificial intelligence, particularly in generating high-quality new samples from complex probability distributions. Improving the theoretical understanding of diffusion models, with a particular focus on the convergence analysis, has attracted significant attention. In this work, we develop a convergence rate that is adaptive to the smoothness of different target distributions, referred to …

Page image classification for content-specific data processing
Kateryna Lutsai, Pavel Stra\v{n}\'ak
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21114 https://arxiv.org/…

Page image classification for content-specific data processing
Digitization projects in humanities often generate vast quantities of page images from historical documents, presenting significant challenges for manual sorting and analysis. These archives contain diverse content, including various text types (handwritten, typed, printed), graphical elements (drawings, maps, photos), and layouts (plain text, tables, forms). Efficiently processing this heterogeneous data requires automated methods to categorize pages based on their content, enabling tailored d…

Bayesian non-parametric lumping and splitting of nodes in Network Meta-Analysis under heterogeneity
Timothy Disher, Chris Cameron, Brian Hutton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22154

Bayesian non-parametric lumping and splitting of nodes in Network Meta-Analysis under heterogeneity
Network meta-analysis (NMA) synthesizes evidence for multiple treatments, but decisions on node formation can have important statistical implications including bias or inflated uncertainty. Existing data-driven methods often lack flexibility or fail to fully account for node uncertainty and adjust for between-trial heterogeneity simultaneously. We introduce a Bayesian non-parametric framework using a Dirichlet process prior with a regularized horseshoe base measure. This data-driven approach al…

Replaced article(s) found for cs.AI. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.AI/new
[2/4]:
- Federated Distributionally Robust Optimization with Non-Convex Objectives: Algorithm and Analysis
Yang Jiao, Kai Yang, Dongjin Song

SDD: Self-Degraded Defense against Malicious Fine-tuning
Zixuan Chen, Weikai Lu, Xin Lin, Ziqian Zeng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21182 https://arxiv.org/pd…

SDD: Self-Degraded Defense against Malicious Fine-tuning
Open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) often employ safety alignment methods to resist harmful instructions. However, recent research shows that maliciously fine-tuning these LLMs on harmful data can easily bypass these safeguards. To counter this, we theoretically uncover why malicious fine-tuning succeeds and identify potential defense strategies. Building on the theoretical analysis, we introduce the Self-Degraded Defense (SDD) framework. SDD encourages LLMs to produce high-quality but irr…

Shifting Narratives: A Longitudinal Analysis of Media Trends and Public Attitudes on Homelessness
Akshay Irudayaraj (Brown University), Nathan Ye (University of California--Berkeley), Yash Chainani (University of California--Berkeley)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21794

Shifting Narratives: A Longitudinal Analysis of Media Trends and Public Attitudes on Homelessness
Within the field of media framing, homelessness has been a historically under-researched topic. Framing theory states that the media's method of presenting information plays a pivotal role in controlling public sentiment toward a topic. The sentiment held towards homeless individuals influences their ability to access jobs, housing, and resources as a result of discrimination. This study analyzes the topic and sentiment trends in related media articles to validate framing theory within the scop…

Graph neural networks for residential location choice: connection to classical logit models
Zhanhong Cheng, Lingqian Hu, Yuheng Bu, Yuqi Zhou, Shenhao Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21334

Graph neural networks for residential location choice: connection to classical logit models
Researchers have adopted deep learning for classical discrete choice analysis as it can capture complex feature relationships and achieve higher predictive performance. However, the existing deep learning approaches cannot explicitly capture the relationship among choice alternatives, which has been a long-lasting focus in classical discrete choice models. To address the gap, this paper introduces Graph Neural Network (GNN) as a novel framework to analyze residential location choice. The GNN-ba…

A Tactical Behaviour Recognition Framework Based on Causal Multimodal Reasoning: A Study on Covert Audio-Video Analysis Combining GAN Structure Enhancement and Phonetic Accent Modelling
Wei Meng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21100

A Tactical Behaviour Recognition Framework Based on Causal Multimodal Reasoning: A Study on Covert Audio-Video Analysis Combining GAN Structure Enhancement and Phonetic Accent Modelling
This paper introduces TACTIC-GRAPHS, a system that combines spectral graph theory and multimodal graph neural reasoning for semantic understanding and threat detection in tactical video under high noise and weak structure. The framework incorporates spectral embedding, temporal causal edge modeling, and discriminative path inference across heterogeneous modalities. A semantic-aware keyframe extraction method fuses visual, acoustic, and action cues to construct temporal graphs. Using graph atten…

Universal Modelling of Autocovariance Functions via Spline Kernels
Lachlan Astfalck
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21953 https://arxiv.or…

Universal Modelling of Autocovariance Functions via Spline Kernels
Flexible modelling of the autocovariance function (ACF) is central to time-series, spatial, and spatio-temporal analysis. Modern applications often demand flexibility beyond classical parametric models, motivating non-parametric descriptions of the ACF. Bochner's Theorem guarantees that any positive spectral measure yields a valid ACF via the inverse Fourier transform; however, existing non-parametric approaches in the spectral domain rarely return closed-form expressions for the ACF itself. We…

Understanding Concept Drift with Deprecated Permissions in Android Malware Detection
Ahmed Sabbah, Radi Jarrar, Samer Zein, David Mohaisen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22231 https…

Understanding Concept Drift with Deprecated Permissions in Android Malware Detection
Permission analysis is a widely used method for Android malware detection. It involves examining the permissions requested by an application to access sensitive data or perform potentially malicious actions. In recent years, various machine learning (ML) algorithms have been applied to Android malware detection using permission-based features and feature selection techniques, often achieving high accuracy. However, these studies have largely overlooked important factors such as protection level…