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📏 Optical frequency comb integration transforms absolute distance measurement precision
https://phys.org/news/2025-07-optical-frequency-absolute-distance-precision.html

Optical frequency comb integration transforms absolute distance measurement precision
The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science has successfully developed a length measurement system that achieves a level of precision approaching the theoretical limit allowed by quantum physics.

Distances between pure quantum states induced by a distance matrix
Tomasz Miller, Rafa{\l} Bistro\'n
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14727 https://arxiv.org…

Distances between pure quantum states induced by a distance matrix
With the help of a given distance matrix of size $n$, we construct an infinite family of distances $d_p$ (where $p \geq 2$) on the the complex projective space $\mathbb{P}(\mathbb{C}^n)$, modelling the space of pure states of an $n$-dimensional quantum system. The construction can be seen as providing a natural way to isometrically embed any given finite metric space into the space of pure quantum states 'spanned' upon it. In order to show that the maps $d_p$ are indeed distance functions -- in…

Controlling Multimodal LLMs via Reward-guided Decoding
Oscar Ma\~nas, Pierluca D'Oro, Koustuv Sinha, Adriana Romero-Soriano, Michal Drozdzal, Aishwarya Agrawal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11616

Controlling Multimodal LLMs via Reward-guided Decoding
As Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) gain widespread applicability, it is becoming increasingly desirable to adapt them for diverse user needs. In this paper, we study the adaptation of MLLMs through controlled decoding. To achieve this, we introduce the first method for reward-guided decoding of MLLMs and demonstrate its application in improving their visual grounding. Our method involves building reward models for visual grounding and using them to guide the MLLM's decoding process. Co…

Evidence for inverse Compton scattering in high-redshift Lyman-break galaxies: #galaxies reveal hidden effect from Big Bang: https://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/news/distant-galaxies-reveal-hidden-effect-big-bang

CDFlow: Generative Gradient Flows for Configuration Space Distance Fields via Neural ODEs
Mengzhu Li, Yunyu Zhou, He Ying, F. Richard Yu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13771 https:/…

CDFlow: Generative Gradient Flows for Configuration Space Distance Fields via Neural ODEs
Signed Distance Fields (SDFs) are a fundamental representation in robot motion planning. Their configuration-space counterpart, the Configuration Space Distance Field (CDF), directly encodes distances in joint space, offering a unified representation for optimization and control. However, existing CDF formulations face two major challenges in high-degree-of-freedom (DoF) robots: (1) they effectively return only a single nearest collision configuration, neglecting the multi-modal nature of minim…

Wie bedroht die #Dürre im Südwesten Nordamerikas die #Landwirtschaft und #Trinkwasserversorgung? Können

Kipppunkt im Südwesten Nordamerikas? Dürre bedroht Landwirtschaft und Trinkwasserversorgung
Der Klimawandel führt zu extremen Dürren im Südwesten Nordamerikas. Das gefährdet die Landwirtschaft, die Trinkwasserversorgung und die Lebensgrundlage der Bevölkerung.

PTSM: Physiology-aware and Task-invariant Spatio-temporal Modeling for Cross-Subject EEG Decoding
Changhong Jing, Yan Liu, Shuqiang Wang, Bruce X. B. Yu, Gong Chen, Zhejing Hu, Zhi Zhang, Yanyan Shen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11357

PTSM: Physiology-aware and Task-invariant Spatio-temporal Modeling for Cross-Subject EEG Decoding
Cross-subject electroencephalography (EEG) decoding remains a fundamental challenge in brain-computer interface (BCI) research due to substantial inter-subject variability and the scarcity of subject-invariant representations. This paper proposed PTSM (Physiology-aware and Task-invariant Spatio-temporal Modeling), a novel framework for interpretable and robust EEG decoding across unseen subjects. PTSM employs a dual-branch masking mechanism that independently learns personalized and shared spat…

foldoc: FOLDOC entries (2002)
A network of hyperlinks among entries in the Free On-line Dictionary of Computing (FOLDOC, www.foldoc.org), an online dictionary of acronyms and technical terms for computers. An edge points from i to j if the term j is referred to in the entry for term i. Edge weight denotes number of uses of the same term.
This network has 13356 nodes and 120238 edges.
Tags: Informational, Web graph, Weighted

Observing the launch of an Eddington wind in the luminous Seyfert galaxy PG1211 143: #BlackHole shows high velocity sign of over-eating: https://le.ac.uk/news/2025/june/distant-supermassive-black-hole-high-velocity-over-eating-770