Tootfinder

The Allotment and Assimilation Era (1887-1934)
The General Allotment Act, also known as the "Dawes Act," was passed in 1887.
It broke up communal reservation lands and assigned individual parcels, called "allotments," to tribal members.
These parcels were to be held in trust for 25 years,
although this time was often extended or shortened by the federal government.
👉 Because of the parcels' trust status, they could not be sold, or leased,…

Federal Law and Indian Policy Overview
The Bureau of Indian Affairs mission is to enhance the quality of life, promote economic opportunities, and to carry out the federal responsibilities entrusted to us to protect and improve the trust assets of American Indians and Alaska Natives. We accomplish this by directly empowering Tribal governments through self-governance agreements.

Political Power-Sharing, Firm Entry, and Economic Growth: Evidence from Multiple Elected Representatives
Harsha Dutta, Pulak Ghosh, Arkodipta Sarkar, Nishant Vats
https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.08934 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.08934 https://arxiv.org/html/2608.08934
arXiv:2608.08934v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We examine the effect of political power-sharing on local economic activity. This effect depends on the relative importance of the risks associated with unchecked power and the potential efficiency gains or losses arising from checks and balances. Our research design exploits a geographic discontinuity design due to the haphazard overlap of electoral and administrative boundaries that generates quasi-random variation in the number of politicians governing adjacent regions. We supplement this design using an episode of electoral delimitation that allows us to exploit within-region variation in the number of politicians. We find increasing the number of politicians governing an area can lead to new firm creation, lower unemployment, and greater real economic activity. Our results suggest that non-aligned multiple politicians enhance state efficiency by imposing checks and balances on each other, leading to lower regulatory obstacles, less cronyism, and improved provision of public infrastructure, creating an economically favorable environment for firm creation.
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A Multi-scale Investigation of Aqueous Foams Stabilised by PNIPAM Microgels
Joanne Zimmer, Luca Mirau, Kevin Gr\"aff, Ga\"etan Barth, Carina Schneider, Vera A. N. A. Hesse, Hayden Robertson, Regine von Klitzing
https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.11999 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.11999 https://arxiv.org/html/2608.11999
arXiv:2608.11999v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Aqueous foams possess multiple structural motifs across different length scales: macroscopic foam, bubbles, foam films and the air/water interface. In this study, macroscopic foams are generated by sparging gas through an aqueous dispersion of PNIPAM microgels which act as foam stabilisers due to their surface activity. The stiffness of the microgels and thus their interfacial activity are tuned by variation of the cross-linker density. The effect of the cross-linker density and the microgel concentration on the resulting foam formation properties (foamability) and the foam stability are investigated. A lower cross-linker density and a higher microgel concentration enhance the foamability, generate foams with smaller bubbles and higher liquid fractions, and increase the foam stability. These observations are correlated with the microgel behavior at the single air/water interface examined by pendant drop tensiometry and Langmuir compression experiments as well as the mobility in single free-standing foam films determined using a Thin Film Pressure Balance. Our findings highlight good agreement across all length scales: increased foamability correlates with a faster decrease in surface tension, and higher foam stability with a higher surface elastic modulus of a microgel-covered single air/water interface and decreasing mobility in foam films.
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"Imagine a company that tracks its revenue obsessively, every quarter, every report, every headline.
"But it never looks at its warehouse.
 "It has no idea how much inventory is left, how fast it’s being used, or whether it will run out next year. It just keeps selling, as if the stockroom were endless.
"That’s essentially how many countries approach their economies today."
The Planet Sent an Invoice. Most Governments Haven't Opened the Envelo…

Prepared for the Predictable?
Governments ignore a critical blind spot: that countries put themselves at risk in a world of overshoot if they do not enhance their resource security.

I've lost loads of time to https://www.konkr.io/ recently.

Circular Economy Synergies and Trade-offs in Data Centres
Vlad C. Coroam\u{a}, Oana Dumbrav\u{a}
https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.04571 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.04571 https://arxiv.org/html/2608.04571
arXiv:2608.04571v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This report analyses data centre (DC) sustainability and circularity, revealing existing synergies and trade-offs:
The PUE is too coarse, mixing cooling and power provisioning. It wrongly attributes server fan consumption and transformation losses to IT energy. It does not measure compute but infrastructure efficiency, which is already outstanding. Compute energy, however, is exploding. Better energy metrics for DCs would thus cover i) compute efficiency, ii) transformation efficiency, and iii) cooling overhead.
Trade-offs exist between cooling energy and water as well as on-site and upstream water: Consuming water on-site lowers the cooling energy, which also lowers the water consumed upstream in power generation. For 'wet' electricity, there is little competition: It is worth spending more on-site energy to save both electricity and related upstream water. For 'dry' electricity, there is a trade-off.
Waste heat recovery brings energy circularity but has limited uses and is not the same energy quality, a fact not reflected by current metrics. A better metric would consider the avoided energy through heat recovery instead of the amount recovered.
Material circularity can be achieved by interpreting the 9R framework in the context of DCs. Circularity-enhancing measures can be categorised into product design, process design and business models, choice of materials, and operating conditions. Together, they have effects across all circularity levels.
The relation between DCs and the power grid is complex. Modern DCs present new challenges for the grid. Mitigation includes battery storage and onsite generation. These measures have, in turn, further consequences, both beneficial and detrimental. They can offer grid flexibility as well as innovations in the field of energy. But they also bring noise, pollution, and GHGs, and compete with the energy sector for resources.
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Trump, who has lately taken to issuing warnings about a communist plot to take over America,
posits that an island of 9.6 million people
— nearly 90 percent of whom live in extreme poverty amid extended blackouts due to decades of U.S. economic warfare
— is an existential threat to the U.S.
This accusation is not meant to be rational.
It, like the charge that our elections are manipulated, is a transparent excuse to go after institutions and individuals that are…

Trump’s Phantom Enemies
Your Death is My Command – by Mr. Fish The Trump administration is laying the groundwork for blacklisting and criminalizing all left-wing, progressive, anti-war and anti-imperialist dissent. …