Tootfinder

TransMPC: Transformer-based Explicit MPC with Variable Prediction Horizon
Sichao Wu, Jiang Wu, Xingyu Cao, Fawang Zhang, Guangyuan Yu, Junjie Zhao, Yue Qu, Fei Ma, Jingliang Duan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07381

TransMPC: Transformer-based Explicit MPC with Variable Prediction Horizon
Traditional online Model Predictive Control (MPC) methods often suffer from excessive computational complexity, limiting their practical deployment. Explicit MPC mitigates online computational load by pre-computing control policies offline; however, existing explicit MPC methods typically rely on simplified system dynamics and cost functions, restricting their accuracy for complex systems. This paper proposes TransMPC, a novel Transformer-based explicit MPC algorithm capable of generating highl…

Conv4Rec: A 1-by-1 Convolutional AutoEncoder for User Profiling through Joint Analysis of Implicit and Explicit Feedbacks
Antoine Ledent, Petr Kasalick\'y, Rodrigo Alves, Hady W. Lauw
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07499

Conv4Rec: A 1-by-1 Convolutional AutoEncoder for User Profiling through Joint Analysis of Implicit and Explicit Feedbacks
We introduce a new convolutional AutoEncoder architecture for user modelling and recommendation tasks with several improvements over the state of the art. Firstly, our model has the flexibility to learn a set of associations and combinations between different interaction types in a way that carries over to each user and item. Secondly, our model is able to learn jointly from both the explicit ratings and the implicit information in the sampling pattern (which we refer to as `implicit feedback')…

Explicit Bounds on the Spectrum of 6d N=(1,0) Supergravity
Caucher Birkar, Seung-Joo Lee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06295 https://arx…

Explicit Bounds on the Spectrum of 6d N=(1,0) Supergravity
We propose a novel strategy to derive explicit and uniform upper bounds on the particle spectrum of six-dimensional gravitational theories with minimal supersymmetry, focusing initially on the tensor sector. The strategy is motivated by considerations of F-theory compactifications on elliptic Calabi-Yau 3-folds. However, it admits a clear bottom-up interpretation and is thus applicable to general supergravity theories modulo certain physical conjectures. At the heart of the strategy are two key…

Generalized eigenvalue stabilization for immersed explicit dynamics
Tim B\"urchner, Lars Radtke, Sascha Eisentr\"ager, Alexander D\"uster, Ernst Rank, Stefan Kollmannsberger, Philipp Kopp
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07632

Generalized eigenvalue stabilization for immersed explicit dynamics
Explicit time integration for immersed finite element discretizations severely suffers from the influence of poorly cut elements. In this contribution, we propose a generalized eigenvalue stabilization (GEVS) strategy for the element mass matrices of cut elements to cure their adverse impact on the critical time step size of the global system. We use spectral basis functions, specifically $C^0$ continuous Lagrangian interpolation polynomials defined on Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre (GLL) points, which…

InfoCausalQA:Can Models Perform Non-explicit Causal Reasoning Based on Infographic?
Keummin Ka, Junhyeong Park, Jahyun Jeon, Youngjae Yu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06220 https:/…

InfoCausalQA:Can Models Perform Non-explicit Causal Reasoning Based on Infographic?
Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in perception and reasoning. However, the ability to perform causal inference -- a core aspect of human cognition -- remains underexplored, particularly in multimodal settings. In this study, we introduce InfoCausalQA, a novel benchmark designed to evaluate causal reasoning grounded in infographics that combine structured visual data with textual context. The benchmark comprises two tasks: Task 1 focuses …

Words matter. Explicit images of children document heinous crimes against children. We need to choose our words carefully when we talk about such things.
https://www.bobmuellerwriter.com/you-keep-using-that-word/

You Keep Using That Word – Bob Mueller
Words matter. How do you refer to explicit images of children?

An explicit formula of the Oslo stationary state
Valentin Lallemant, Vincent Rossetto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06315 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.06315

An explicit formula of the Oslo stationary state
In most sandpile models under driven-dissipative condition, a critical stationary state is known to emerge. This state displays organization features encoded in the dynamical (e.g. avalanche spectrum) and static (e.g. hyperuniformity) observables. However, the access to the explicit stationary state expression happens only in few cases, and for most sandpile models the question is still open. In this article, we derive such an expression for the Oslo model. To do so, we use different representa…

While traditional media avoided sharing explicit videos of Charlie Kirk's assassination, gory videos flooded social media, including X, Instagram, and TikTok (David Bauder/Associated Press)
https://apnews.com/article/charlie-kirk…

Graphic Charlie Kirk video spread fast, showing media's fading grip
Traditional news outlets were careful in their coverage of conservative activist Charlie Kirk's assassination to not show graphic images of the event. But if people wanted to see graphic evidence of what happened to him, it was easily available online — and millions of people quickly sought it out. It showed how media's gatekeeper role had changed so markedly in the era of social media. Gory images — from different angles, with different perspectives — were up on X, Facebook, YouTube, eve…

OCTANE -- Optimal Control for Tensor-based Autoencoder Network Emergence: Explicit Case
Ratna Khatri, Anthony Kolshorn, Colin Olson, Harbir Antil
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08169

OCTANE -- Optimal Control for Tensor-based Autoencoder Network Emergence: Explicit Case
This paper presents a novel, mathematically rigorous framework for autoencoder-type deep neural networks that combines optimal control theory and low-rank tensor methods to yield memory-efficient training and automated architecture discovery. The learning task is formulated as an optimization problem constrained by differential equations representing the encoder and decoder components of the network and the corresponding optimality conditions are derived via a Lagrangian approach. Efficient mem…

Dual of Algebraic Geometry codes from Hirzebruch surfaces
Alix Barraud
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07761 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.07761

Dual of Algebraic Geometry codes from Hirzebruch surfaces
In this paper, we give an explicit form for the dual of the algebraic geometry code $C_e(a,b)$ defined on an Hirzebruch surface $\mathcal{H}_e$ and parametrized by the divisor $aS_e + bF_e$, where $a,b\in\mathbb{N}$ and $S_e$ and $F_e$ generate the Picard group $\mathrm{Pic}( \mathcal{H}_e)$. Notably, we compute a lower bound for the minimum distance of $C_e(a,b)^\perp$. One of the main ingredient for our study is a new explicit form of the code $C_e(a,b)$ which we provide at the beginning of t…

MasconCube: Fast and Accurate Gravity Modeling with an Explicit Representation
Pietro Fanti, Dario Izzo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08607 https://arxiv.org/…

MasconCube: Fast and Accurate Gravity Modeling with an Explicit Representation
The geodesy of irregularly shaped small bodies presents fundamental challenges for gravitational field modeling, particularly as deep space exploration missions increasingly target asteroids and comets. Traditional approaches suffer from critical limitations: spherical harmonics diverge within the Brillouin sphere where spacecraft typically operate, polyhedral models assume unrealistic homogeneous density distributions, and existing machine learning methods like GeodesyNets and Physics-Informed…

How the US democracy is designed to avoid representation
Right now in the US, a system which proclaims to give each citizen representation, my interests are not represented very well by most of my so-called representatives at any level of government. This is true for a majority of Americans across the political spectrum, and it happens by design. The "founding fathers" were explicit about wanting a system of government that would appear Democratic but which would keep power in the hands of rich white landowners, and they successfully designed exactly that. But how does disenfranchisement work in this system?
First, a two-party system locked in by first-post-the-post winner-takes-all elections immediately destroys representation for everyone who didn't vote for the winner, including those who didn't vote or weren't eligible to vote. Single-day non-holiday elections and prisoner disenfranchisement go a long way towards ensuring working-class people get no say, but much larger is the winner-takes all system. In fact, even people who vote for the winning candidate don't get effective representation if they're really just voting against the opponent as the greater of two evils. In a 51/49 election with 50% turnout, you've immediately ensured that ~75% of eligible voters don't get represented, and with lesser-of-two-evils voting, you create an even wider gap to wedge corporate interests into. Politicians need money to saturate their lesser-of-two-evils message far more than they need to convince any individual voter to support their policies. It's even okay if they get caught lying, cheating, or worse (cough Epstein cough) as long as the other side is also doing those things and you can freeze out new parties.
Second, by design the Senate ensures uneven representation, allowing control of the least-populous half of states to control or at least shut down the legislative process. A rough count suggests 284.6 million live in the 25 most-populous states, while only 54.8 million live in the rest. Currently, counting states with divided representation as two half-states with half as much population, 157.8 million people are represented by 53 Republican sensors, while 180.5 million people get only 45 seats of Democratic representation. This isn't an anti-Democrat bias, it's a bias towards less-populous states, whose residents get more than their share it political power.
I haven't even talked about gerrymandering yet, or family/faith-based "party loyalty," etc. Overall, the effect is that the number of people whose elected representatives meaningfully represent their interests on any given issue is vanishingly small (like, 10% of people tops), unless you happen to be rich enough to purchase lobbying power or direct access.
If we look at polls, we can see how lack of representation lets congress & the president enact many policies that go against what a majority of the population wants. Things like abortion restrictions, the current ICE raids, and Medicare cuts are deeply unpopular, but they benefit the political class and those who can buy access. These are possible because the system ensures at every step of the way that ordinary people do NOT get the one thing the system promises them: representation in the halls of power.
Okay, but is this a feature of all democracies, inherent in the nature of a majority-decides system? Not exactly...
1/2
#uspol #democracy

Trace Repair Never Loses to Classical Repair: Exact and Explicit Helper Nodes Selection
Wilton Kim, Stanislav Kruglik, Han Mao Kiah
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06492 https://

Trace Repair Never Loses to Classical Repair: Exact and Explicit Helper Nodes Selection
We study the repair of Reed--Solomon codes over $\mathbb{F}=\mathbb{B}^t$ using traces over $\mathbb{B}$. Building on the trace framework of Guruswami--Wootters (2017), recent work of Liu--Wan--Xing (2024) reduced repair bandwidth by studying a related subspace $\mathcal{W}_k$. In this work, we determine the dimension of $\mathcal{W}_k$ exactly using cyclotomic cosets and provide an explicit set of helper nodes that attains bandwidth $(n-d-1)\log |\mathbb{B}|$ bits with $d=\text{dim}(…

STAGE: Segmentation-oriented Industrial Anomaly Synthesis via Graded Diffusion with Explicit Mask Alignment
Xichen Xu, Yanshu Wang, Jinbao Wang, Qunyi Zhang, Xiaoning Lei, Guoyang Xie, Guannan Jiang, Zhichao Lu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06693

STAGE: Segmentation-oriented Industrial Anomaly Synthesis via Graded Diffusion with Explicit Mask Alignment
Segmentation-oriented Industrial Anomaly Synthesis (SIAS) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the performance of downstream anomaly segmentation, as it provides an effective means of expanding abnormal data. However, existing SIAS methods face several critical limitations: (i) the synthesized anomalies often lack intricate texture details and fail to align precisely with the surrounding background, and (ii) they struggle to generate fine-grained, pixel-level anomalies. To address these challenges…

Language-Driven Hierarchical Task Structures as Explicit World Models for Multi-Agent Learning
Brennen Hill
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04731 https://arxiv.…

Language-Driven Hierarchical Task Structures as Explicit World Models for Multi-Agent Learning
The convergence of Language models, Agent models, and World models represents a critical frontier for artificial intelligence. While recent progress has focused on scaling Language and Agent models, the development of sophisticated, explicit World Models remains a key bottleneck, particularly for complex, long-horizon multi-agent tasks. In domains such as robotic soccer, agents trained via standard reinforcement learning in high-fidelity but structurally-flat simulators often fail due to intrac…

An explicit algorithm for the Higman Embedding Theorem
V. H. Mikaelian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04347 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.04…

An explicit algorithm for the Higman Embedding Theorem
We propose an algorithm which for any recursive group $G$, given by its effectively enumerable generators and recursively enumerable relations, outputs an explicit embedding of $G$ into a finitely presented group directly written by its generators and defining relations. This is the explicit analogue of the remarkable Higman Embedding Theorem stating that a finitely generated group $G$ is embeddable into a finitely presented group if and only if $G$ is recursive. The constructed finitely presen…

Unbounded-input explicit Bell inequalities for general quantum networks
Yao Xiao, Fenzhuo Guo, Haifeng Dong, Fei Gao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04767 https://

Unbounded-input explicit Bell inequalities for general quantum networks
Quantum nonlocality in networks featuring multiple independent sources underpins large-scale quantum communication and poses fundamental challenges for its characterization. In this work, we construct a family of explicit nonlinear Bell inequalities to verify the nonlocality across the general multi-input quantum networks. The construction of these inequalities relies on the number of leaf nodes, a network parameter that can be identified by a linear-time algorithm. Our approach establishes a s…

Explicit Generators for the Unit Group of the Burnside ring
Ziad Ghanem
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05432 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.05432

Explicit Generators for the Unit Group of the Burnside ring
To the best of our knowledge, there is no explicit, constructive description of the generating set for the unit group $A(G)^\times$ of the Burnside ring associated with a finite group $G$. We resolve this long-standing open question, proving that $A(G)^\times$ is generated by the set of \emph{basic degrees} -- canonical Burnside ring elements arising from the $G$-equivariant degree of the identity map on irreducible $G$-representations. In particular, we demonstrate that every unit in $A(G)$ is…

PatchSeeker: Mapping NVD Records to their Vulnerability-fixing Commits with LLM Generated Commits and Embeddings
Huu Hung Nguyen, Anh Tuan Nguyen, Thanh Le-Cong, Yikun Li, Han Wei Ang, Yide Yin, Frank Liauw, Shar Lwin Khin, Ouh Eng Lieh, Ting Zhang, David Lo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07540

PatchSeeker: Mapping NVD Records to their Vulnerability-fixing Commits with LLM Generated Commits and Embeddings
Software vulnerabilities pose serious risks to modern software ecosystems. While the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) is the authoritative source for cataloging these vulnerabilities, it often lacks explicit links to the corresponding Vulnerability-Fixing Commits (VFCs). VFCs encode precise code changes, enabling vulnerability localization, patch analysis, and dataset construction. Automatically mapping NVD records to their true VFCs is therefore critical. Existing approaches have limitati…

Trump looks extremely weak as he can't even control his closest ally (Israel) that is completely dependent on him. Israel bombed Qatar where the US has a large military base, Israel can not have bombed without explicit permission of the US unless the US defense of Qatar is totally inadequate. So Trump was forced by Netanyahu which is absurd if you think about the fact that Israel can't survive without US military assistance.

New constructions and bounds for nonabelian Sidon sets with applications to Tur\'an-type problems
John Byrne, Michael Tait
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07750 https://

New constructions and bounds for nonabelian Sidon sets with applications to Turán-type problems
An $S_k$-set in a group $Γ$ is a set $A\subseteqΓ$ such that $α_1\cdotsα_k=β_1\cdotsβ_k$ with $α_i,β_i\in A$ implies $(α_1,\ldots,α_k)=(β_1,\ldots,β_k)$. An $S_k'$-set is a set such that $α_1β_1^{-1}\cdotsα_kβ_k^{-1}=1$ implies that there exists $i$ such that $α_i=β_i\text{ or }β_i=α_{i+1}$. We give explicit constructions of large $S_k$-sets in the group $S_n$ and $S_2$-sets in $S_n\times S_n$ and $A_n\times A_n$. We give probabilistic constructions for `nice' groups which o…

G-UBS: Towards Robust Understanding of Implicit Feedback via Group-Aware User Behavior Simulation
Boyu Chen, Siran Chen, Zhengrong Yue, Kainan Yan, Chenyun Yu, Beibei Kong, Cheng Lei, Chengxiang Zhuo, Zang Li, Yali Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05709

G-UBS: Towards Robust Understanding of Implicit Feedback via Group-Aware User Behavior Simulation
User feedback is critical for refining recommendation systems, yet explicit feedback (e.g., likes or dislikes) remains scarce in practice. As a more feasible alternative, inferring user preferences from massive implicit feedback has shown great potential (e.g., a user quickly skipping a recommended video usually indicates disinterest). Unfortunately, implicit feedback is often noisy: a user might skip a video due to accidental clicks or other reasons, rather than disliking it. Such noise can ea…

A Baseline $T\log^2 T$ Upper Bound for KL-Regularized Prime--Zero Optimal Transport
Zhejun Yang (University of Sydney)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07329 https://

A Baseline $T\log^2 T$ Upper Bound for KL-Regularized Prime--Zero Optimal Transport
We prove that $\mathsf{OT}_η(T)\ll T\log^2 T$ unconditionally via a band-limited test scheme with Fejér averaging. The approach normalizes $\|\widehat f\|_1=Θ(T^{-1})$ to ensure $\|h\|_1\asymp T$ and $\|\widehat h\|_1\ll 1$, and applies an $L^1$-controlled smoothed explicit formula to bound the error terms. As a result, the prime--zero optimal transport distance admits the baseline $T\log^2 T$ upper bound without additional assumptions.

The Geometric P=W conjecture and Thurston's compactification
Ashwin Ayilliath-Kutteri, Mohammad Farajzadeh-Tehrani, Charles Frohman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07211

The Geometric P=W conjecture and Thurston's compactification
In this paper, we derive an explicit formula for a well-known embedding of the set of isotopy classes of multicurves on a closed surface of genus $g$ into $\mathbb{N}^{9g - 9}$. More significantly, we relate this result and established facts about Thurston's compactification of Teichmüller space to the geometric P = W conjecture for $\tn{SL}(2,\C)$, which concerns projective compactifications of character varieties of closed surfaces. In particular, we construct a projective compactification o…

Stable proper biharmonic maps in Euclidean spheres
Volker Branding, Anna Siffert
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06708 https://arxiv.org/p…

Stable proper biharmonic maps in Euclidean spheres
We construct an explicit family of stable proper weak biharmonic maps from the unit ball $B^m$, $m\geq 5$, to Euclidean spheres. To the best of the authors knowledge this is the first example of a stable proper weak biharmonic map from at compact domain. To achieve our result we first establish the second variation formula of the bienergy for maps from the unit ball into a Euclidean sphere. Employing this result, we examine the stability of the proper weak biharmonic maps $q:B^m\to\mathbb{S}^{m…

Boundary Actions and Loop Groups: A Geometric Picture of Gauge Symmetries at Null Infinity
Silvia Nagy, Javier Peraza, Giorgio Pizzolo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08725 https://

Boundary Actions and Loop Groups: A Geometric Picture of Gauge Symmetries at Null Infinity
In previous work arXiv:2407.13556, we proposed an extended phase space structure at null infinity accommodating large gauge symmetries for sub$^n$-leading soft theorems in Yang-Mills, via dressing fields arising in the Stueckelberg procedure. Here, we give an explicit boundary action controlling the dynamics of these fields. This allows for a derivation from first principles of the associated charges, together with an explicit renormalization procedure when taking the limit to null and spatial …

Revisiting the Electron EDM in the NMSSM
Kaifei Ning, Michael Ramsey-Musolf
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06320 https://arxiv.org/pdf/25…

Revisiting the Electron EDM in the NMSSM
The Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) with explicit CP violation offers a promising framework for explaining the observed baryon asymmetry while remaining consistent with stringent electric dipole moment (EDM) bounds. In this work, we identify a previously overlooked set of two-loop diagrams that contribute to fermion EDMs in the NMSSM. Our analysis of the electron EDM shows that, for certain NMSSM specific CP-violating phases, these diagrams partially cancel existing contri…

Paired Explicit Relaxation Runge-Kutta Methods: Entropy-Conservative and Entropy-Stable High-Order Optimized Multirate Time Integration
Daniel Doehring, Hendrik Ranocha, Manuel Torrilhon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04991

Paired Explicit Relaxation Runge-Kutta Methods: Entropy-Conservative and Entropy-Stable High-Order Optimized Multirate Time Integration
We present novel entropy-conservative and entropy-stable multirate Runge-Kutta methods based on Paired Explicit Runge-Kutta (P-ERK) with relaxation for conservation laws and related systems of partial differential equations. Optimized schemes up to fourth-order of accuracy are derived and validated in terms of order of consistency, conservation of linear invariants, and entropy conservation/stability. We demonstrate the effectiveness of these P-ERRK methods when combined with a high-order, entr…

Inference of Intrinsic Rewards and Fairness in Multi-Agent Systems
Victor Villin, Christos Dimitrakakis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07650 https://arxiv.org/…

Inference of Intrinsic Rewards and Fairness in Multi-Agent Systems
From altruism to antagonism, fairness plays a central role in social interactions. But can we truly understand how fair someone is, especially without explicit knowledge of their preferences? We cast this challenge as a multi-agent inverse reinforcement learning problem, explicitly structuring rewards to reflect how agents value the welfare of others. We introduce novel Bayesian strategies, reasoning about the optimality of demonstrations and characterisation of equilibria in general-sum Markov…

In search of constitutive conditions in isotropic hyperelasticity: polyconvexity versus true-stress-true-strain monotonicity
Maximilian P. Wollner, Gerhard A. Holzapfel, Patrizio Neff
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08597

In search of constitutive conditions in isotropic hyperelasticity: polyconvexity versus true-stress-true-strain monotonicity
The polyconvexity of a strain-energy function is nowadays increasingly presented as the ultimate material stability condition for an idealized elastic response. While the mathematical merits of polyconvexity are clearly understood, its mechanical consequences have received less attention. In this contribution we contrast polyconvexity with the recently rediscovered true-stress-true-strain monotonicity (TSTS-M${}^{++}\!$) condition. By way of explicit examples, we show that neither condition by …

Robust Target Speaker Diarization and Separation via Augmented Speaker Embedding Sampling
Md Asif Jalal, Luca Remaggi, Vasileios Moschopoulos, Thanasis Kotsiopoulos, Vandana Rajan, Karthikeyan Saravanan, Anastasis Drosou, Junho Heo, Hyuk Oh, Seokyeong Jeong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06393

Robust Target Speaker Diarization and Separation via Augmented Speaker Embedding Sampling
Traditional speech separation and speaker diarization approaches rely on prior knowledge of target speakers or a predetermined number of participants in audio signals. To address these limitations, recent advances focus on developing enrollment-free methods capable of identifying targets without explicit speaker labeling. This work introduces a new approach to train simultaneous speech separation and diarization using automatic identification of target speaker embeddings, within mixtures. Our p…

K-nonizing
Jose Beltr\'an Jim\'enez, Teodor Borislavov Vasilev, Dar\'io Jaramillo-Garrido, Antonio L. Maroto, Prado Mart\'in-Moruno
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07715

K-nonizing
We unveil the dynamical equivalence of field theories with non-canonical kinetic terms and canonical theories with a volume element invariant under transverse diffeomorphisms. The proof of the equivalence also reveals a subtle connection between the standard Legendre transformation and the so-called Clairaut equation. Explicit examples of canonizable theories include classes of $k$-essence, non-linear electrodynamics, or $f(R)$ theories. The equivalence can also be extended to the class of mime…

Exact renormalisation for patch frequencies in inflation systems
Jan Maz\'a\v{c}
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07753 https://arxiv.o…

Exact renormalisation for patch frequencies in inflation systems
This note provides an explicit way of calculating the patch frequencies in geometric realisations of primitive substitutions using exact renormalisation relations. Further, we profit from these results to obtain the patch frequencies in the symbolic case as well as in other suspensions (under mild assumptions on the substitution). We illustrate this procedure on the Fibonacci example.

A Bayesian Framework for UHECR Source Association and Parameter Inference
Keito Watanabe, Anatoli Fedynitch, Francesca Capel, Hiroyuki Sagawa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07856

A Bayesian Framework for UHECR Source Association and Parameter Inference
The identification of potential sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) remains challenging due to magnetic deflections and propagation losses, which are particularly strong for nuclei. In previous iterations of this work, we proposed an approach for UHECR astronomy based on Bayesian inference through explicit modelling of propagation and magnetic deflection effects. The event-by-event mass information is expected to provide tighter constraints on these parameters and to help identify…

Revisiting Chien-Hrones-Reswick Method for an Analytical Solution
Senol Gulgonul
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06352 https://arxiv.org/p…

Revisiting Chien-Hrones-Reswick Method for an Analytical Solution
This study presents an analytical method for tuning PI controllers in First-Order with Time Delay (FOTD) systems, leveraging the Lambert W function. The Lambert W function enables exact pole placement, yielding analytical expressions for PI gains. The proposed approach identifies a critical condition that achieves a step response without overshoot with minimum settling time, while also providing explicit tuning rules for systems where controlled overshoot is specified. The method demonstrates s…

The trace formula of GL(3)
Cui Xinghua, Wang Haoyang, Peng Zhifeng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05312 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.05312

The trace formula of GL(3)
Trace formula is an important method to study the Langlands program. In this paper, we will give the explicit coarse trace formula of $\GL(3)$. In general case, Arthur applies the truncation operator on the two sides of trace formula such that they are convergent. In our case, we will prove that the divergent terms of the two sides of the trace formula of $\GL(3)$ are equal. We also obtain the explicit formula for ramified orbits of the geometric side of $\GL(3)$, and show it can be expressed a…

Linearizing Algebraic Matroids
Zvi Rosen, Jessica Sidman, Louis Theran
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07220 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.07…

Linearizing Algebraic Matroids
Although algebraic matroids were discovered in the 1930s, interest in them was largely dormant until their recent use in applications of algebraic geometry. Because nonlinear algebra is computationally challenging, it is easier to work with an isomorphic linear matroid if one exists. We describe an explicit construction that produces a linear representation over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero starting with the data used in applications. We will also discuss classical examp…

Global Bifurcation In Four-Component Bose-Einstein Condensates In Space
Carlos Garc\'ia-Azpeitia, Anna Go{\l}\c{e}biewska, Wieslaw Krawcewicz, Jingzhou Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07235

Global Bifurcation In Four-Component Bose-Einstein Condensates In Space
We analyze a system of coupled Bose-Einstein condensates in the domain of a unitary ball in $\mathbb{R}^3$. The coupling is due to atom-to-atom interactions that occur between different gas components. The multi-component Bose-Einstein condensate is described by a system of Gross-Pitaevskii equations, which has an explicit trivial branch of constant solutions bifurcating from the zero-solution. Our main theorem establishes that this trivial branch undergoes multiple global bifurcations at any c…

Conditional Residual Coding with Explicit-Implicit Temporal Buffering for Learned Video Compression
Yi-Hsin Chen, Kuan-Wei Ho, Martin Benjak, J\"orn Ostermann, Wen-Hsiao Peng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01818

Conditional Residual Coding with Explicit-Implicit Temporal Buffering for Learned Video Compression
This work proposes a hybrid, explicit-implicit temporal buffering scheme for conditional residual video coding. Recent conditional coding methods propagate implicit temporal information for inter-frame coding, demonstrating superior coding performance to those relying exclusively on previously decoded frames (i.e. the explicit temporal information). However, these methods require substantial memory to store a large number of implicit features. This work presents a hybrid buffering strategy. For…

'Now this is bromance': Social media erupts over Trump's 'explicit love letter' to Epstein - Alternet.org
https://www.alternet.org/trump-epstein-letter/

Semialgebric rank-one convex hulls: 2x2 triangular matrices and beyond
Chiara Meroni, Bogdan Raita
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07541 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2…

Semialgebric rank-one convex hulls: 2x2 triangular matrices and beyond
We prove that the rank-one convex hull of finitely many $2\times 2$ triangular matrices is a semialgebraic set, defined by linear and quadratic polynomials. We present explicit constructions for five-point configurations and offer evidence suggesting that a similar characterization does not hold in the more general setting of directional convexity.

Enhancing non-Rigid 3D Model Deformations Using Mesh-based Gaussian Splatting
Wijayathunga W. M. R. D. B
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07000 https://

Enhancing non-Rigid 3D Model Deformations Using Mesh-based Gaussian Splatting
We propose a novel framework that enhances non-rigid 3D model deformations by bridging mesh representations with 3D Gaussian splatting. While traditional Gaussian splatting delivers fast, real-time radiance-field rendering, its post-editing capabilities and support for large-scale, non-rigid deformations remain limited. Our method addresses these challenges by embedding Gaussian kernels directly onto explicit mesh surfaces. This allows the mesh's inherent topological and geometric priors to gui…

ALICE: An Interpretable Neural Architecture for Generalization in Substitution Ciphers
Jeff Shen, Lindsay Smith
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07282 https://ar…

ALICE: An Interpretable Neural Architecture for Generalization in Substitution Ciphers
We present cryptogram solving as an ideal testbed for studying neural network generalization in combinatorially complex domains. In this task, models must decrypt text encoded with substitution ciphers, choosing from 26! possible mappings without explicit access to the cipher. We develop ALICE (an Architecture for Learning Interpretable Cryptogram dEcipherment): a simple encoder-only Transformer that sets a new state-of-the-art for both accuracy and speed on this decryption problem. Surprisingl…

Universal energy cascade and relaxation in three-dimensional inertial electron magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Supratik Banerjee, Arijit Halder, Amita Das
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07628

Universal energy cascade and relaxation in three-dimensional inertial electron magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Electron magnetohydrodynamics (EMHD) provides a realistic model for electron-scale heating and acceleration in weakly collisional space plasmas. A divergence-free Banerjee-Galtier type (Banerjee and Galtier, JoPA, 2017) exact relation is derived for three-dimensional homogeneous and not necessarily isotropic EMHD turbulence. By explicit calculation, it has been shown that the energy cascade is not affected by the presence of a uniform background magnetic field Bo. Using direct numerical simulat…

H-Toeplitz operators on Fock space
Thokchom Sonamani Singh, M. Premjit Singh, Oinam Nilbir Singh, Khumballambam Priyobarta Singh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06532

H-Toeplitz operators on Fock space
This paper explores H-Toeplitz operators on the Fock space, unifying aspects of Toeplitz and Hankel operators while introducing novel structural properties. We derive explicit matrix representations for these operators with respect to the orthonormal basis of monomials, analyze their commutativity, and establish compactness criteria. Key results include the characterization of commuting H-Toeplitz operators with harmonic symbols and the proof that non-zero H-Toeplitz operators cannot be Hilbert…

Why is Your Language Model a Poor Implicit Reward Model?
Noam Razin, Yong Lin, Jiarui Yao, Sanjeev Arora
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07981 https://

Why is Your Language Model a Poor Implicit Reward Model?
Reward models are key to language model post-training and inference pipelines. Conveniently, recent work showed that every language model defines an implicit reward model (IM-RM), without requiring any architectural changes. However, such IM-RMs tend to generalize worse, especially out-of-distribution, compared to explicit reward models (EX-RMs) that apply a dedicated linear head over the hidden representations of a language model. The existence of a generalization gap is puzzling, as EX-RMs an…

Compressing Syndrome Measurement Sequences
Benjamin Anker, Milad Marvian
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07288 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.07288

Compressing Syndrome Measurement Sequences
In this work, we analyze a framework for constructing fault-tolerant measurement schedules of varying lengths by combining stabilizer generators, and prove results about the distance of such schedules by combining according to classical codes. Using this framework, we produce explicit measurement schedules sufficient for fault-tolerant error correction of quantum codes of distance $d$ with $r$ independent stabilizer generators using only $O(d \log{r})$ measurements if the code is LDPC, and $O(d…

List Decoding Expander-Based Codes via Fast Approximation of Expanding CSPs: I
Fernando Granha Jeronimo, Aman Singh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05203 https://

List Decoding Expander-Based Codes via Fast Approximation of Expanding CSPs: I
We present near-linear time list decoding algorithms (in the block-length $n$) for expander-based code constructions. More precisely, we show that (i) For every $δ\in (0,1)$ and $ε> 0$, there is an explicit family of good Tanner LDPC codes of (design) distance $δ$ that is $(δ- ε, O_\varepsilon(1))$ list decodable in time $\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}_{\varepsilon}(n)$ with alphabet size $O_δ(1)$, (ii) For every $R \in (0,1)$ and $ε> 0$, there is an explicit family of AEL codes of rate $R$…

V*: An Efficient Motion Planning Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicles
Abdullah Zareh Andaryan, Michael G. H. Bell, Mohsen Ramezani, Glenn Geers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06404 htt…

V*: An Efficient Motion Planning Algorithm for Autonomous Vehicles
Autonomous vehicle navigation in structured environments requires planners capable of generating time-optimal, collision-free trajectories that satisfy dynamic and kinematic constraints. We introduce V*, a graph-based motion planner that represents speed and direction as explicit state variables within a discretised space-time-velocity lattice. Unlike traditional methods that decouple spatial search from dynamic feasibility or rely on post-hoc smoothing, V* integrates both motion dimensions dir…

I finally figured out why one server had started barfing on 421 (no SNI) when most of the rest are similar and some have more domains and they're all behind haproxy with equivalent backend config.
This server has httpd-2.4.64-1 those that are ok are at httpd-2.4.62-1 with the other version available.
So I guess the others will fall down at the next update.
The fix is to send an explicit sni in the invocation in the particular back end section.
So I suppose I fi…

A Monte Carlo Approach to Nonsmooth Convex Optimization via Proximal Splitting Algorithms
Nicholas Di, Eric C. Chi, Samy Wu Fung
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07914 https://…

A Monte Carlo Approach to Nonsmooth Convex Optimization via Proximal Splitting Algorithms
Operator splitting algorithms are a cornerstone of modern first-order optimization, relying critically on proximal operators as their fundamental building blocks. However, explicit formulas for proximal operators are available only for limited classes of functions, restricting the applicability of these methods. Recent work introduced HJ-Prox, a zeroth-order Monte Carlo approximation of the proximal operator derived from Hamilton-Jacobi PDEs, which circumvents the need for closed-form solutions…

Singular varieties and infinitesimal non-commutative Witt vectors
Ph\`ung H\^o Hai, Jo\~ao Pedro dos Santos, {\DJ}\`ao V\u{a}n Thinh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06768

Singular varieties and infinitesimal non-commutative Witt vectors
Given a projective variety $X$ over an algebraically closed field $k$, M. V. Nori introduced in 1976 a group scheme $π(X)$ which accounts for principal bundles $P\to X$ with finite structure, obtaining in this way an amplification the etale fundamental group. One drawback of this theory is that it is quite difficult to arrive at an explicit description of $π(X)$, whenever it does not vanish altogether. To wit, there are no known non-trivial examples in the literature where $π(X)$ is local, o…

Temporal Information Retrieval via Time-Specifier Model Merging
SeungYoon Han, Taeho Hwang, Sukmin Cho, Soyeong Jeong, Hoyun Song, Huije Lee, Jong C. Park
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06782

Temporal Information Retrieval via Time-Specifier Model Merging
The rapid expansion of digital information and knowledge across structured and unstructured sources has heightened the importance of Information Retrieval (IR). While dense retrieval methods have substantially improved semantic matching for general queries, they consistently underperform on queries with explicit temporal constraints--often those containing numerical expressions and time specifiers such as ``in 2015.'' Existing approaches to Temporal Information Retrieval (TIR) improve temporal …

Factorization and resummation of QED radiative corrections for neutron beta decay
Zehua Cao, Richard J. Hill, Ryan Plestid, Peter Vander Griend
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05741 …

Factorization and resummation of QED radiative corrections for neutron beta decay
Details of the two-loop analysis of long-distance QED radiative corrections to neutron beta decay are presented. Explicit expressions are given for hard, jet, and soft functions appearing in the factorization formula that describes the small mass/large energy limit. Power corrections, cancellation of singularities in the small mass expansion, renormalization scheme dependence, and bound state effects are discussed. The results impact the determination of $|V_{ud}|$ from the measured n…

Complete classification of the Dehn functions of Bestvina-Brady groups
Yu-Chan Chang, Jer\'onimo Garc\'ia-Mej\'ia, Matteo Migliorini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07566

Complete classification of the Dehn functions of Bestvina-Brady groups
We prove that the Dehn function of every finitely presented Bestvina-Brady group grows as a linear, quadratic, cubic, or quartic polynomial. In fact, we provide explicit criteria on the defining graph to determine the degree of this polynomial. As a consequence, we identify an obstruction that prevents certain Bestvina-Brady groups from admitting a CAT(0) structure.

Crosslisted article(s) found for math.GT. https://arxiv.org/list/math.GT/new
[1/1]:
- Explicit Holomorphic Structures for embeddings of closed 3-manifolds into $\mathbb{C}^3$
Ali M. Elgindi

Adaptive Multiquadratic Radial Basis Function-based Explicit Runge--Kutta Methods
Rajesh Yadav, Deepak Kumar Yadav, Alpesh Kumar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04261

Adaptive Multiquadratic Radial Basis Function-based Explicit Runge--Kutta Methods
Runge--Kutta (RK) methods are widely used techniques for solving a class of initial value problems. In this article, we introduce an adaptive multiquadratic (MQ) radial basis function (RBF)-based method to develop enhanced explicit RK methods. These methods achieve a higher order of convergence than the corresponding classical RK methods. To improve the local convergence of the numerical solution, we optimize the free parameters (shape functions) involved in the RBFs by forcing the local trunca…

An effective analytic recurrence for prime numbers: from asymptotics to explicit bounds
Benoit Cloitre
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02690 https://arxiv.org/p…

An effective analytic recurrence for prime numbers: from asymptotics to explicit bounds
We present an explicit and effective recurrence formula for prime numbers, bridging arithmetic and analytic approaches. Building upon foundational work by Gandhi (1971), Golomb (1976), and Keller (2007), we establish the effective bound $s_n \le 2p_n$ for all $n \ge 1$ within the Golomb-Keller analytic recurrence. This transforms their asymptotic formula into an explicit recurrence using twice the n-th prime as the exponent: $$ p_{n+1} = \left\lceil \left( -1 + ζ(2p_n) \prod_{j=1}^{n} \left(1 …

Data-driven generative simulation of SDEs using diffusion models
Xuefeng Gao, Jiale Zha, Xun Yu Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08731 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

Data-driven generative simulation of SDEs using diffusion models
This paper introduces a new approach to generating sample paths of unknown stochastic differential equations (SDEs) using diffusion models, a class of generative AI models commonly employed in image and video applications. Unlike the traditional Monte Carlo methods for simulating SDEs, which require explicit specifications of the drift and diffusion coefficients, our method takes a model-free, data-driven approach. Given a finite set of sample paths from an SDE, we utilize conditional diffusion…

Just finished "Freshman Year" by Sarah Mai. It's a pretty good autobiographical fiction graphic novel about the first year of college, and instead of trying to make things fit into a plot, it lets them float apart and remain unresolved, which is nice. Not so much explicit wisdom, but in offering a realistic picture of the personal struggles & emotional moments of the college transition, I feel like it's pretty valuable.
#AmReading #GraphicNovel

Inverse Clausius Thermodynamics in Run-and-Tumble Dynamics
Oded Farago
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08565 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.08565

Inverse Clausius Thermodynamics in Run-and-Tumble Dynamics
We consider a one-dimensional run-and-tumble particle (RTP) confined by an external potential and coupled to a thermal reservoir. Starting from the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation, we derive an explicit expression for the local entropy flux between the system and the heat bath. We then construct a thermodynamic representation of the RTP dynamics, modeling the system as an overdamped particle in a medium with a spatially inhomogeneous effective temperature field, determined directly from th…

The coarse trace formula of GL(4)
Haoyang Wang, Xinghua Cui, Zhifeng Peng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05313 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.05313

The coarse trace formula of GL(4)
Trace formula is an important method to study the Langlands program. Arthur obtains the existence of stable trace formula for connected reductive group. In this paper, we will give the explicit coarse trace formula of GL(4). In general case, Arthur applies the truncation operator on the two sides of trace formula, which is convergent. In our case, we will prove that the divergent terms of the two sides of the trace formula of GL(4)$ are equal. We also obtain the explicit formula for ramified or…

A Picard rank bound for base surfaces of elliptic Calabi-Yau 3-folds
Caucher Birkar, Seung-Joo Lee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06317 https://

A Picard rank bound for base surfaces of elliptic Calabi-Yau 3-folds
We compute an explicit rank bound on the Picard group of the compact surfaces, which can serve as the base of an elliptic Calabi-Yau variety with canonical singularities. To bound the Picard rank from above, we develop a novel strategy in birational geometry, motivated in part by the physics of six-dimensional vacua of F-theory as discussed in a companion paper [1] to this one. The derivation of the concrete bound illustrates the strategy and clarifies the origin of the boundedness.

On exponential separation of analytic self-conformal sets on the real line
Bal\'azs B\'ar\'any, Istv\'an Kolossv\'ary, Sascha Troscheit
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07888

On exponential separation of analytic self-conformal sets on the real line
In a recent article, Rapaport showed that the there is no dimension drop for exponentially separated analytic IFSs on the real line. We show that the set of such exponentially separated IFSs in the space of analytic IFSs contains an open and dense set in the $\mathcal{C}^2$ topology. Moreover, we give a sufficient condition for the IFS to be exponentially separated which allows us to construct explicit examples which are exponentially separated. The key technical tool is the introduction of the…

Affordance-R1: Reinforcement Learning for Generalizable Affordance Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Model
Hanqing Wang, Shaoyang Wang, Yiming Zhong, Zemin Yang, Jiamin Wang, Zhiqing Cui, Jiahao Yuan, Yifan Han, Mingyu Liu, Yuexin Ma
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06206

Affordance-R1: Reinforcement Learning for Generalizable Affordance Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Model
Affordance grounding focuses on predicting the specific regions of objects that are associated with the actions to be performed by robots. It plays a vital role in the fields of human-robot interaction, human-object interaction, embodied manipulation, and embodied perception. Existing models often neglect the affordance shared among different objects because they lack the Chain-of-Thought(CoT) reasoning abilities, limiting their out-of-domain (OOD) generalization and explicit reasoning capabili…

Improved explicit estimates for the discrete Laplace operator with hyperbolic circle patterns
Aijin Lin, Longxiang Wu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03901 http…

Improved explicit estimates for the discrete Laplace operator with hyperbolic circle patterns
Ge in his thesis \cite{Ge-thesis} introduced the combinatorial Calabi flows and established the long time existence and convergence of solutions to the flows in both hyperbolic and Euclidean background geometries. It is noteworthy that the existence of solutions to the combinatorial Calabi flows in hyperbolic background geometry proves to be more intricate and challenging compared to the Euclidean background geometry. The main difficulty is to establish the compactness, especially the lower bou…

You Keep Using That Word
I'm being pedantic this week over a touchy subject.
https://www.bobmuellerwriter.com/you-keep-using-that-word/

You Keep Using That Word – Bob Mueller
Words matter. How do you refer to explicit images of children?

Fast-VGAN: Lightweight Voice Conversion with Explicit Control of F0 and Duration Parameters
Mathilde Abrassart, Nicolas Obin, Axel Roebel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04817

Fast-VGAN: Lightweight Voice Conversion with Explicit Control of F0 and Duration Parameters
Precise control over speech characteristics, such as pitch, duration, and speech rate, remains a significant challenge in the field of voice conversion. The ability to manipulate parameters like pitch and syllable rate is an important element for effective identity conversion, but can also be used independently for voice transformation, achieving goals that were historically addressed by vocoder-based methods. In this work, we explore a convolutional neural network-based approach that aims to…

Mixed 3D-2D asymptotics for the weak and strong solutions of the rotating magnetohydrodynamic system
Fr\'ed\'eric Charve (LAMA), Van-Sang Ngo (LMRS)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06678 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.06678 https://arxiv.org/html/2507.06678
arXiv:2507.06678v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: In this article, we consider the 3D-rotating magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system when the initial velocity and magnetic field both feature some 2D-part (i.-e. depending only on the horizontal space variables). We prove for weak and strong solutions, that the limit system, when the Rossby number goes to zero (i.-e. for strong rotation), is a 2D-MHD system with three components. Moreover we are able to provide explicit global-in-time convergence rates thanks to adapted Strichartz estimates and with the help of an additional 3D magnetic field transported by the 2D limit velocity.
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Dynamic Chunking for End-to-End Hierarchical Sequence Modeling
Sukjun Hwang, Brandon Wang, Albert Gu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07955 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.07955 https://arxiv.org/html/2507.07955
arXiv:2507.07955v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Despite incredible progress in language models (LMs) in recent years, largely resulting from moving away from specialized models designed for specific tasks to general models based on powerful architectures (e.g. the Transformer) that learn everything from raw data, pre-processing steps such as tokenization remain a barrier to true end-to-end foundation models. We introduce a collection of new techniques that enable a dynamic chunking mechanism which automatically learns content -- and context -- dependent segmentation strategies learned jointly with the rest of the model. Incorporating this into an explicit hierarchical network (H-Net) allows replacing the (implicitly hierarchical) tokenization-LM-detokenization pipeline with a single model learned fully end-to-end. When compute- and data- matched, an H-Net with one stage of hierarchy operating at the byte level outperforms a strong Transformer language model operating over BPE tokens. Iterating the hierarchy to multiple stages further increases its performance by modeling multiple levels of abstraction, demonstrating significantly better scaling with data and matching a token-based Transformer of twice its size. H-Nets pretrained on English show significantly increased character-level robustness, and qualitatively learn meaningful data-dependent chunking strategies without any heuristics or explicit supervision. Finally, the H-Net's improvement over tokenized pipelines is further increased in languages and modalities with weaker tokenization heuristics, such as Chinese and code, or DNA sequences (nearly 4x improvement in data efficiency over baselines), showing the potential of true end-to-end models that learn and scale better from unprocessed data.
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Optimal control of stochastic networks of $M/M/\infty$ queues with linear costs
Giovanni Pugliese Carratelli, Ioannis Lestas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08572 https://

Optimal control of stochastic networks of $M/M/\infty$ queues with linear costs
We consider an arbitrary network of $M/M/\infty$ queues with controlled transitions between queues. We consider optimal control problems where the costs are linear functions of the state and inputs over a finite or infinite horizon. We provide in both cases an explicit characterization of the optimal control policies. We also show that these do not involve state feedback, but they depend on the network topology and system parameters. The results are also illustrated with various examples.

Explicit and Implicit Data Augmentation for Social Event Detection
Congbo Ma, Yuxia Wang, Jia Wu, Jian Yang, Jing Du, Zitai Qiu, Qing Li, Hu Wang, Preslav Nakov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04202

Explicit and Implicit Data Augmentation for Social Event Detection
Social event detection involves identifying and categorizing important events from social media, which relies on labeled data, but annotation is costly and labor-intensive. To address this problem, we propose Augmentation framework for Social Event Detection (SED-Aug), a plug-and-play dual augmentation framework, which combines explicit text-based and implicit feature-space augmentation to enhance data diversity and model robustness. The explicit augmentation utilizes large language models to e…

Query Expansion in the Age of Pre-trained and Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey
Minghan Li, Xinxuan Lv, Junjie Zou, Tongna Chen, Chao Zhang, Suchao An, Ercong Nie, Guodong Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07794

Query Expansion in the Age of Pre-trained and Large Language Models: A Comprehensive Survey
Modern information retrieval (IR) must bridge short, ambiguous queries and ever more diverse, rapidly evolving corpora. Query Expansion (QE) remains a key mechanism for mitigating vocabulary mismatch, but the design space has shifted markedly with pre-trained language models (PLMs) and large language models (LLMs). This survey synthesizes the field from three angles: (i) a four-dimensional framework of query expansion - from the point of injection (explicit vs. implicit QE), through grounding a…

The Free Massive Quadratic Action from the Exotic Model (E7)
John A. Dixon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06252 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.06252

The Free Massive Quadratic Action from the Exotic Model (E7)
The Exotic Model arises from adding a special exotic invariant to the Supersymmetric Standard Model. The Exotic Model has a supersymmetry violating mass spectrum without using spontaneous or explicit breaking of supersymmetry. The splitting arises with gauge symmetry breaking, at tree level, in the supermultiplets of the Z vector boson and a new X vector boson. It spreads to the other particles at one loop. This mass splitting is possible because the exotic invariant changes the algebra of supe…

Adjoint-based A Posteriori Error Analysis for Semi-explicit Index-1 and Hessenberg Index-2 Differential-Algebraic Equations
Jehanzeb Chaudhry, Owen Lewis, Md Al Amin Molla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03712

Adjoint-based A Posteriori Error Analysis for Semi-explicit Index-1 and Hessenberg Index-2 Differential-Algebraic Equations
In this work we develop and analyze adjoint-based analyses for \textit{a posteriori} error estimation for the temporal discretization of differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) of special type: semi-explicit index-1 and Hessenberg index-2. Our technique quantifies the error in a Quantity of Interest (QoI), which is defined as a bounded linear functional of the solution of a DAE. We derive representations for errors various trypes of QoIs (depending on the entire time interval, final time, algeb…

$k$-quasi $n$-power posinormal Weighted Composition and Cauchy Dual of Moore-Penrose inverse of Lambert Operators
Sophiya S Dharan, T. Prasad, P. Ramya, M. H. M. Rashid
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06511

$k$-quasi $n$-power posinormal Weighted Composition and Cauchy Dual of Moore-Penrose inverse of Lambert Operators
In this paper we characterize \(k\)-quasi \(n\)-power posinormal composition operators and weighted composition operators on the Hilbert space \(L^2(Σ)\). For Lambert conditional operators (of the form \(T = M_w E M_u\)), we establish necessary and sufficient conditions under which these Cauchy duals via the Moore-Penrose inverse become \(k\)-quasi \(n\)-power posinormal operators. Finally, we construct an explicit example of a \(k\)-quasi \(n\)-power posinormal weighted shift operator on a ro…

The cohomology ring of the boundary manifold of a combinatorial line arrangement
Sakumi Sugawara
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06728 https://

The cohomology ring of the boundary manifold of a combinatorial line arrangement
Cohen--Suciu proved that the cohomology ring of the boundary manifold of a complex projective line arrangement is isomorphic to the double of the cohomology ring of the complement. In this paper, we generalize this result to arbitrary combinatorial line arrangements, including non-realizable ones. The notion of the boundary manifold for combinatorial line arrangements was introduced by Ruberman--Starkston. To handle arbitrary combinatorial line arrangements, we construct explicit homology cycle…

Holomorphic bootstrap for RCFT: signs and bounds for quasi-characters
Arpit Das, Sunil Mukhi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07170 https://

Holomorphic bootstrap for RCFT: signs and bounds for quasi-characters
Quasi-characters are solutions of simple modular differential equations that form an explicit basis for the space of all admissible characters that can potentially describe rational CFT. They were classified for rank-$2$ in arXiv:1810.09472 [hep-th], where it was conjectured that their $q$-series has coefficients of alternating sign that stabilise to a fixed sign at order $\frac{c}{12}$ and sometimes undergo more exotic behaviour -- where $c$ is the central charge. Here we prove some of these c…

An explicit parity theorem for multiple polylogarithms
Ryota Umezawa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02040 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.02040

An explicit parity theorem for multiple polylogarithms
In 2017, E. Panzer proved the parity theorem for multiple polylogarithms. While his proof is simple and constructive, it does not yield a general explicit formula. Inspired by M. Hirose's recent work on the parity theorem for multiple zeta values, this paper presents an explicit formula for the parity theorem for multiple polylogarithms.

Langlands branching rule for type B snake modules
Jingmin Guo, Jian-Rong Li, Keyu Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06570 https://arxiv…

Langlands branching rule for type B snake modules
We prove that each snake module of the quantum Kac-Moody algebra of type $B_n^{(1)}$ admits a Langlands dual representation, as conjectured by Frenkel and Hernandez (\textit{Lett. Math. Phys.} (2011) 96:217-261). Furthermore, we establish an explicit formula, called the Langlands branching rule, which gives the multiplicities in the decomposition of the character of a snake module of the quantum Kac-Moody algebra of type $B_n^{(1)}$ into a sum of characters of irreducible representations of its…

Designing Robust Software Sensors for Nonlinear Systems via Neural Networks and Adaptive Sliding Mode Control
Ayoub Farkane, Mohamed Boutayeb, Mustapha Oudani, Mounir Ghogho
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06817

Designing Robust Software Sensors for Nonlinear Systems via Neural Networks and Adaptive Sliding Mode Control
Accurate knowledge of the state variables in a dynamical system is critical for effective control, diagnosis, and supervision, especially when direct measurements of all states are infeasible. This paper presents a novel approach to designing software sensors for nonlinear dynamical systems expressed in their most general form. Unlike traditional model-based observers that rely on explicit transformations or linearization, the proposed framework integrates neural networks with adaptive Sliding …

On the solution operators arising from the gas-liquid two-phase problem in unbounded domains with finite depth
Miao Tu, Xin Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06498 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.06498 https://arxiv.org/html/2507.06498
arXiv:2507.06498v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: This paper studies some evolution equations arising from the sharp interface problem of the compressible-incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in unbounded domains in $\mathbb{R}^N (N\geq2)$, where the viscous gases initially occupy the upper half space and the viscous liquids below initially lie in the strip-like domain. In order to establish the maximal $L_p$-$L_q$ regularity estimates of the evolution problem, we construct the R-solver of the resolvent problem associated to the gas-liquid two-phase operator. The crucial part of our proof lies in the analysis of the explicit resolvent operators defined in the unbounded domains with flat boundaries.
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Low-energy theory of jet processes and PDF factorization
Thomas Becher, Patrick Hager, Sebastian Jaskiewicz, Matthias Neubert, Dominik Schwienbacher
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07082

Low-energy theory of jet processes and PDF factorization
The consistency of collinear factorization violation with PDF factorization has been an outstanding challenge and subject of considerable debate. In this work we demonstrate their compatibility using a factorization theorem for non-global jet observables. Our analysis relies on consistency relations derived from renormalization conditions in effective field theory. We verify these relations through an explicit computation at three-loop order and show that the double-logarithmic evolution sourci…

Scalable ADER-DG Transport Method with Polynomial Order Independent CFL Limit
Kieran Ricardo, Kenneth Duru
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07304 https://…

Scalable ADER-DG Transport Method with Polynomial Order Independent CFL Limit
Discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods are known to suffer from increasingly restrictive time step constraints as the polynomial order increases, limiting their efficiency at high orders. In this paper, we introduce a novel locally implicit, but globally explicit ADER-DG scheme designed for transport-dominated problems. The method achieves a maximum stable time step governed by an element-width based CFL condition that is independent of the polynomial degree. By solving a set of element-local impl…

Continuous spin field in the $\mathbf{AdS_6}$ space
Anastasia A. Golubtsova, Mikhail A. Podoinitsyn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06140 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Continuous spin field in the $\mathbf{AdS_6}$ space
A representation of the $\mathfrak{so}(2,5)$ algebra corresponding to the continuous spin field in $\mathbf{AdS_6}$ is considered. The algebra is realized using the Lie-Lorentz derivative, which naturally incorporates $\mathbf{AdS_6}$ geometry and spin degrees of freedom. Within this framework, we derive explicit expressions for the Casimir operators in terms of both the covariant derivative and the spin invariants. The continuous spin representation under consideration is defined by a system o…

Nonabelian Kodaira-Spencer maps
Yixuan Fu, Mao Sheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06050 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.06050

Nonabelian Kodaira-Spencer maps
We give an explicit formula of the associated graded map to the nonabelian Gauss-Manin connection with respect to the nonabelian Hodge filtration.

Dissipation-Enhanced Localization in a Disorder-Free $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Lattice Gauge System
Xuanpu Yang, Xiang-Ping Jiang, Lei Pan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06642 https://

Dissipation-Enhanced Localization in a Disorder-Free $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Lattice Gauge System
The $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge model, as the simplest realization of a lattice gauge theory, exhibits rich and unconventional physics. One of its most remarkable features is disorder-free localization, where localization emerges not from explicit quenched disorder but from static background $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge charges, leading to persistent memory of the initial state. In this work, we investigate the dissipative dynamics of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge model by coupling it to a Markovia…

Algebraic interpretation of the two-variable Jacobi polynomials on the triangle: the pentagonal way
Nicolas Cramp\'e, Quentin Labriet, Lucia Morey, Satoshi Tsujimoto, Luc Vinet, Alexei Zhedanov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07949

Algebraic interpretation of the two-variable Jacobi polynomials on the triangle: the pentagonal way
The rank two Jacobi algebra $\mathcal{J}_2$ is used to provide an interpretation of the two-variable Jacobi polynomials $J_{n,k}^{(a,b,c)}(x,y)$ on the triangle, as overlaps between two representation bases. The subalgebra structure of $\mathcal{J}_2$ depicted via a pentagonal graph is exploited to find the explicit expression of the two-variable functions in terms of univariate Jacobi polynomials. It is also seen to provide an explanation for the fact that the expansion on the basis $J_{n,k}^{…

The cohomology of certain intermediate strata of Kottwitz varieties
Yachen Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04122 https://arxiv.org/pdf…

The cohomology of certain intermediate strata of Kottwitz varieties
We derive explicit formulas for the Frobenius-Hecke traces of the etale cohomology of certain strata of Kottwitz varieties (which are certain compact unitary type Shimura varieties considered by Kottwitz), in terms of automorphic representations and certain explicit polynomials. We obtain our results using the trace formula, representations of general linear groups over p-adic fields, and a truncation of the formula of Kottwitz for the number of points on Shimura varieties over finite fields.

Similarities in the evaporation of saturated solitons and black holes
Giacomo Contri, Gia Dvali, Otari Sakhelashvili
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08049 https://

Similarities in the evaporation of saturated solitons and black holes
It has been suggested some time ago that many black hole properties are not specific to gravity, but rather are shared by a large class of objects, the so-called saturons, that saturate the quantum field theoretic upper bound on microstate degeneracy. By now, various aspects of this universality have been understood and demonstrated in a number of explicit examples. In the present paper, we add one more brick to the building by showing that the decay of a simple two-dimensional saturated solito…

The Majority is not always right: RL training for solution aggregation
Wenting Zhao, Pranjal Aggarwal, Swarnadeep Saha, Asli Celikyilmaz, Jason Weston, Ilia Kulikov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06870

The Majority is not always right: RL training for solution aggregation
Scaling up test-time compute, by generating multiple independent solutions and selecting or aggregating among them, has become a central paradigm for improving large language models (LLMs) on challenging reasoning tasks. While most prior work relies on simple majority voting or reward model ranking to aggregate solutions, these approaches may only yield limited benefits. In this work, we propose to learn aggregation as an explicit reasoning skill: given a set of candidate solutions, we train an…

Complex Weyl correspondence for a generalized diamond group
Benjamin Cahen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08082 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.08082

Complex Weyl correspondence for a generalized diamond group
The generalized diamond group is the semi-direct product $G$ of the abelian group ${\mathbb R}^m$ by the $(2n+1)$-dimensional Heisenberg group $H_n$. We construct the generic representations of $G$ on the Fock space by extending those of $H_n$. Then we study the Berezin correspondence and the complex Weyl correspondence in connection with a generic representation $π$ of $G$, proving in particular that these correspondences are covariant with respect to $π$. We give also some explicit formulas…

Hodge Duals in Spherical Compactifications
Arash Azizi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.06324 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.06324

Hodge Duals in Spherical Compactifications
We present a general formalism for computing the Hodge dual of differential forms in arbitrary dimensions subject to a spherical constraint. This problem arises naturally in Kaluza-Klein compactifications, where sphere reductions demand careful treatment of differential forms constrained to lie on embedded submanifolds. We derive an explicit expression for the Hodge dual of a $p$-form in the presence of such constraints and validate our general ansatz through illustrative examples in three dime…

ZLATTE: A Geometry-Aware, Learning-Free Framework for Language-Driven Trajectory Reshaping in Human-Robot Interaction
Junhui Huang, Yuhe Gong, Changsheng Li, Xingguang Duan, Luis Figueredo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06031

ZLATTE: A Geometry-Aware, Learning-Free Framework for Language-Driven Trajectory Reshaping in Human-Robot Interaction
We present ZLATTE, a geometry-aware, learning-free framework for language-driven trajectory reshaping in human-robot interaction. Unlike prior learning-based methods, ZLATTE leverages Vision-Language Models to register objects as geometric primitives and employs a Large Language Model to translate natural language instructions into explicit geometric and kinematic constraints. These constraints are integrated into a potential field optimization to adapt initial trajectories while preserving fea…

Notes on $L^2$-estimates in linear elliptic equations with general coefficients
Haesung Lee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04940 https://…

Notes on $L^2$-estimates in linear elliptic equations with general coefficients
This paper establishes an explicit $L^2$-estimate for weak solutions $u$ to linear elliptic equations in divergence form with general coefficients and external source term $f$, stating that the $L^2$-norm of $u$ over $U$ is bounded by a constant multiple of the $L^2$-norm of $f$ over $U$. In contrast to classical approaches based on compactness arguments, the proposed method, which employs a divergence-free transformation method, provides a computable and explicit constant $C>0$. The $L^2$-esti…

Efficient implicit-explicit sparse stochastic method for high dimensional semi-linear nonlocal diffusion equations
Changtao Sheng, Bihao Su, Chenglong Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04973

Efficient implicit-explicit sparse stochastic method for high dimensional semi-linear nonlocal diffusion equations
In this paper, we present a sparse grid-based Monte Carlo method for solving high-dimensional semi-linear nonlocal diffusion equations with volume constraints. The nonlocal model is governed by a class of semi-linear partial integro-differential equations (PIDEs), in which the operator captures both local convection-diffusion and nonlocal diffusion effects, as revealed by its limiting behavior with respect to the interaction radius. To overcome the bottleneck of computational complexity caused …

Two-point functions and the vacuum densities in the Casimir effect for the Proca field
A. A. Saharian, H. H. Asatryan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07267 http…

Two-point functions and the vacuum densities in the Casimir effect for the Proca field
We investigate the properties of the vacuum state for the Proca field in the geometry of two parallel plates on background of (D+1)-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The two-point functions for the vector potential and the field tensor are evaluated for higher-dimensional generalizations of the perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) and perfect electric conductor (PEC) boundary conditions. Explicit expressions are provided for the vacuum expectation values (VEVs) of the electric and magnetic field squ…

Trivialization of the gravitational Green-Schwarz mechanism in the non-relativistic limit of string theory
Eric Lescano
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07172 ht…

Trivialization of the gravitational Green-Schwarz mechanism in the non-relativistic limit of string theory
We show that the gravitational Green-Schwarz anomaly cancellation mechanism becomes trivial in the non-relativistic (NR) limit of ten-dimensional heterotic supergravity with four-derivative corrections. We perform a NR expansion of the Kalb-Ramond field and identify the finite Green-Schwarz transformation in this limit, which can be interpreted as a non-covariant SO(8) transformation. We then construct an explicit field redefinition such that the redefined two-form is invariant under this symme…

Contour Integrations and Parity Results of Cyclotomic Euler $T$-Sums and Multiple $t$-Values
Zhenlu Wang, Ce Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06706 https://ar…

Contour Integrations and Parity Results of Cyclotomic Euler $T$-Sums and Multiple $t$-Values
We will employ the method of contour integration to investigate the parity results of non-embedded cyclotomic multiple $t$-values, which we refer to as cyclotomic Euler $T$-sums. We can provide explicit parity formulas for the linear and quadratic cases of cyclotomic Euler $T$-sums, as well as state a parity theorem for the general case. We also present illustrative examples and corollaries. From this, some parity results for classical cyclotomic multiple $t$-values can be derived. Furthermore,…

A 3D Machine Learning based Volume Of Fluid scheme without explicit interface reconstruction
Moreno Pintore, Bruno Despr\'es
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05218

A 3D Machine Learning based Volume Of Fluid scheme without explicit interface reconstruction
We present a machine-learning based Volume Of Fluid method to simulate multi-material flows on three-dimensional domains. One of the novelties of the method is that the flux fraction is computed by evaluating a previously trained neural network and without explicitly reconstructing any local interface approximating the exact one. The network is trained on a purely synthetic dataset generated by randomly sampling numerous local interfaces and which can be adapted to improve the scheme on less re…