Tootfinder

I think that "chatbot" is a bad design paradigm for most problems. It's actually the refusal to to design work.
https://tante.cc/2025/06/19/chatbot-is-bad-design/

"ChatBot" is bad design
As anyone who has every seen anything I created knows: I am not a designer. So take my reasoning and thinking here with a grain of salt. I do have many designers amongst my friends and I do think that a lot of software engineering falls within the domain of design to a certain degree. […]

Atomic-scale insights on grain boundary segregation in a cathode battery material
Inger-Emma Nylund, Elise R. Eilertsen, Constantinos A. Hatzoglou, Kaja Eggen Aune, Ruben Bj{\o}rge, Antonius T. J. van Helvoort, Ann Mari Svensson, Paraskevas Kontis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13940

Atomic-scale insights on grain boundary segregation in a cathode battery material
The grain boundary segregation of the Co-free pristine spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode material has been studied by transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. The segregation of Mn and the depletion of Ni at grain boundaries was observed by electron energy loss spectroscopy. These observations were also confirmed by atom probe tomography at other grain boundaries, which also revealed segregation of O and depletion of Li at grain boundaries. In addition, both methods revealed the …

Revised identification of strain gradient elastic parameters
Luca Placidi, Anil Misra, Gabriele La Valle, Casey Rodriguez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.14932 …

Revised identification of strain gradient elastic parameters
The work reported in ``Granular micromechanics-based identification of isotropic strain gradient parameters for elastic geometrically nonlinear deformations" misidentified key terms in the grain-pair objective relative displacement when accounting for the second gradient of placement. In this paper, we correct that oversight by deriving a revised expression for the grain-pair objective relative displacement within the granular micromechanics framework. The amended terms, which resemble Christof…

A miracle: an actual grain (barley?) field near Utrecht!
All but disappeared in the last few decades; replaced by grass and maize here.

The optical constants and grain sizes of interstellar dust measured directly using the dust scattered x-ray halo of GRB 221009A
Albert Sneppen, Darach Watson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12125

The optical constants and grain sizes of interstellar dust measured directly using the dust scattered x-ray halo of GRB 221009A
X-ray scattering is a powerful probe of the optical constants and grain size distribution of interstellar dust. Bright, transient sources are excellent tools for this, since they fade rapidly, leaving only the expanding scattered x-ray halo. Here, we analyse the dust-scattered x-ray halo data of the unprecedentedly bright $γ$-ray burst, GRB 221009A, using anomalous diffraction theory to measure the grain size distribution of dust in the Galaxy as well as the complex refractive index, $m$, and …

JVLA Measurement of Grain Size in the Compact Dust Ring around Class I Protostar WL 17
Jun Hashimoto, Hauyu Baobab Liu, Ruobing Dong, Beibei Liu, Takayuki Muto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08246

JVLA Measurement of Grain Size in the Compact Dust Ring around Class I Protostar WL 17
The maximum grain size in protoplanetary disks is a critical parameter for planet formation, as the efficiency of mechanisms like streaming instability and pebble accretion depend on grain size. Even young class 0/I objects, such as HL Tau, show substructures in their disks, indicating the potential for early planet formation. In this study, we investigated the grain size in the dust surrounding the class I object WL 17 using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Observations were conducted acro…

Faceting transition in aluminum as a grain boundary phase transition
Yoonji Choi, Tobias Brink
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13550 https://

Faceting transition in aluminum as a grain boundary phase transition
Grain boundaries facet due to anisotropic grain boundary energies: While the faceted boundary has a larger area than the corresponding straight boundary, a significantly lower energy of the facets compared to a straight segment can drive the faceting. This picture is complicated by faceting/defaceting transitions where the free energy difference between the two states depends on the temperature. Here, we use atomistic computer simulations to show how such a transition in a $Σ3$ $[11\overline{1…

Optimal Control of Pseudo-Parabolic KWC Systems for Grain Boundary Motion
Harbir Antil, Daiki Mizuno, Ken Shirakawa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09407 https:…

Optimal Control of Pseudo-Parabolic KWC Systems for Grain Boundary Motion
The KWC system is a well-known generic framework for phase-field models of grain boundary motion, whose original formulation is given as a parabolic gradient flow of a free energy. In the original KWC system, the results of uniqueness have been relatively scarce compared to other issues, such as existence, qualitative behavior, and numerics. This lack of progress has posed a significant challenge for more advanced topics, including optimal control. To overcome this, the authors have recently in…

Vane rheology of a fiber-reinforced granular material
Ladislas Wierzchalek, Georges Gauthier, Baptiste Darbois-Texier
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11762 http…

Vane rheology of a fiber-reinforced granular material
The addition of a small quantity of flexible fibers in a granular material is an efficient technique to increase the yield stress of the material. While the influence of fiber addition on the mechanical strength of granular media has been studied, much less is known about the flow properties of grain-fiber mixtures. In this article, we explore the effect of flexible fibers on the flow behavior of grain-fiber mixtures above the yield stress. We use a vane geometry to study the rheology of a dry …

Barchans interacting with dune-size obstacles: details of the fluid flow and motion of grains
Nicolao Cerqueira Lima, Willian Righi Assis, Danilo da Silva Borges, Erick de Moraes Franklin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12630

Barchans interacting with dune-size obstacles: details of the fluid flow and motion of grains
We investigate details of the interaction of subaqueous barchans with dune-size obstacles by carrying out numerical simulations where the fluid is solved at the grain scale and the motions of individual grains are computed at all time steps. With the outputs, we analyze the disturbances of the fluid flow, the trajectories of grains, and the resultant force on each grain, the latter being unfeasible from experiments and field measurements. We show that in some cases particles pass over the obsta…

B-fields And dust in interstelLar fiLAments using Dust POLarization (BALLAD-POL): IV. Grain alignment mechanisms in Cocoon Nebula (IC 5146) using polarization observations from JCMT/POL-2
Saikhom Pravash, Thiem Hoang, Archana Soam, Eun Jung Chung, Pham Ngoc Diep, Nguyen Bich Ngoc, Le Ngoc Tram
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07205

B-fields And dust in interstelLar fiLAments using Dust POLarization (BALLAD-POL): IV. Grain alignment mechanisms in Cocoon Nebula (IC 5146) using polarization observations from JCMT/POL-2
The polarization of starlight and thermal dust emission from aligned non-spherical grains provides a powerful tool for tracing magnetic field morphologies and strengths in diffuse interstellar medium to star-forming regions, and constraining dust grain properties and their alignment mechanisms. However, the physics of grain alignment is not yet fully understood. The alignment based on RAdiative Torques (RATs), known as RAT Alignment or RAT-A mechanism is the most acceptable mechanism. In this w…

Kyiv accuses Russia of supplying Bangladesh with wheat mixed with grain, stolen from occupied territories - Euromaidan Press
https://euromaidanpress.com/2025/06/29/kyiv-accuses-russia-of-supplying-bangladesh-with-wheat-mixed-with-grain-stolen-from-occupied-territories/

Samuel Johnson wrote a dictionary in 1755, in which he defined oats as: "A grain, which in England is generally given to horses, but in Scotland supports the people."
A Scot is said to have retorted, "And where else will you see such horses — and such people?"

It's all go on the harvest around here. Very very busy farmers. Loads of tractors hauling those big grain trailers. Dusty tails blowing across the roads. It's great to see.
#outdoors #Farming

Physics-informed Machine Learning Analysis for Nanoscale Grain Mapping by Synchrotron Laue Microdiffraction
Ka Hung Chan, Xinyue Huang, Nobumichi Tamura, Xian Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.10937

Physics-informed Machine Learning Analysis for Nanoscale Grain Mapping by Synchrotron Laue Microdiffraction
Understanding the grain morphology, orientation distribution, and crystal structure of nanocrystals is essential for optimizing the mechanical and physical properties of functional materials. Synchrotron X-ray Laue microdiffraction is a powerful technique for characterizing crystal structures and orientation mapping using focused X-rays. However, when grain sizes are smaller than the beam size, mixed peaks in the Laue pattern from neighboring grains limit the resolution of grain morphology mapp…

And the most recent jobs report has many hints that ICE is indeed having that desired effect: in an otherwise stagnant or contracting labor market, there was job group in leisure and hospitality, private health care, and (somewhat less) construction — all job markets with a concentration of immigrant labor.
I am not an economist and this is not a proper analysis — grain of salt, please! — but a quick skim of these stats is at least superficially consistent with a good chunk of current job growth coming from decreased immigrant participation in the labor force.
https://www.bls.gov/ces/publications/highlights/2025/current-employment-statistics-highlights-06-2025.pdf
2/

Steven Pinker has recently appeared on a podcast, which serves as a platform for scientific racism. Not the first time he's shown associations to scientific racism.
To be honest, after I learnt to take the "it's actually all getting better" narratives with a grain of salt, I decided not to buy into the Pinker hype. So, I'm not disappointed.

Good night!

Planetary waves can activate resonant drag instabilities in 3D dusty gaseous discs
Ra\'ul O. Chametla, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Gennaro D'Angelo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13592

Planetary waves can activate resonant drag instabilities in 3D dusty gaseous discs
Resonant Drag Instabilities (RDIs) in protoplanetary discs are driven by the aerodynamic back-reaction of dust on gas and occur when the relative dust-gas motion resonate with a wave mode intrinsic to the gas fluid. Axisymmetric models indicate that the RDI generates filamentary perturbations, leading to grain clumping and planetesimal formation. Motivated by these findings, we investigate the dust-gas interaction in a non-axisymmetric inviscid protoplanetary disc with an embedded low-mass plan…

Fields of — well, I think it's rye, but whadoIknow?

Kinetic theory of coupled binary-fluid-surfactant systems
Alexandra J. Hardy, Samuel Cameron, Steven McDonald, Abdallah Daddi-Moussa-Ider, Elsen Tjhung
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.12955

Kinetic theory of coupled binary-fluid-surfactant systems
We derive a self-consistent hydrodynamic theory of coupled binary-fluid-surfactant systems from the underlying microscopic physics using Rayleigh's variational principle. At the microscopic level, surfactant molecules are modelled as dumbbells that exert forces and torques on the fluid and interface while undergoing Brownian motion. We obtain the overdamped stochastic dynamics of these particles from a Rayleighian dissipation functional, which we then coarse-grain to derive a set of continuum e…

An eco-friendly universal strategy via ribavirin to achieve highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Xianhu Wu, Gaojie Xia, Guanglei Cui, Jieyu Bi, Nian Liu, Jiaxin Jiang, Jilong Sun, Luyang Liu, Ping Li, Ning Lu, Zewen Zuo, Min Gu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10557

An eco-friendly universal strategy via ribavirin to achieve highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
The grain boundaries of perovskite films prepared by the solution method are highly disordered, with a large number of defects existing at the grain boundaries. These defect sites promote the decomposition of perovskite. Here, we use ribavirin obtained through bacillus subtilis fermentation to regulate the crystal growth of perovskite, inducing changes in the work function and energy level structure of perovskite, which significantly reduces the defect density. Based on density functional theor…

FAUST XXVI. The dust opacity spectral indices of protostellar envelopes bridge the gap between interstellar medium and disks
Luca Cacciapuoti, L. Testi, A. J. Maury, C. Chandler, N. Sakai, C. Ceccarelli, C. Codella, M. De Simone, L. Podio, G. Sabatini, E. Bianchi, E. Macias, A. Miotello, C. Toci, L. Loinard, D. Johnstone, H. B. Liu, Y. Aikawa, Y. Shirley, B. Svoboda, T. Sakai, T. Hirota, S. Viti, B. Lefloch, Y. Oya, S. Ohashi, S. Feng, F. Fontani, Y. Watanabe, A. Lopez-Sepulcre, Y. Zha…

FAUST XXVI. The dust opacity spectral indices of protostellar envelopes bridge the gap between interstellar medium and disks
The sub-millimetre dust opacity spectral index is a critical observable to constrain dust properties, such as the maximum grain size of an observed dust population. It has been widely measured at galactic scales and down to protoplanetary disks. However, because of observational and analytical challenges, quite a gap exists in measuring dust properties in the envelopes that feed newborn protostars and their disks. To fill this gap, we use sensitive dust continuum emission data at 1.2 and 3.1 mm…

Effective supernova dust yields from rotating and non-rotating stellar progenitors
Koki Otaki, Raffaella Schneider, Luca Graziani, Alessandro Bonella, Stefania Marassi, Marco Limongi, Simone Bianchi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.11931

Effective supernova dust yields from rotating and non-rotating stellar progenitors
Supernovae (SNe) are believed to be the dominant sources of dust production at high redshift. However, the reverse shock generated by the interaction of the SN forward shock and the interstellar medium (ISM) significantly reduces the mass of newly formed dust in SN ejecta. This study quantifies the mass, composition, and grain size distribution of surviving dust after the passage of the reverse shock using the GRASHrev model. Our analysis covers a grid of SN models with progenitor masses $13\,M…

This is a dangerous level of squinting at tea leaves, so •serious• grain of salt here, but:
The sudden re-plunge of Tesla’s stock price during this Musk / Trump spat suggests that maybe, maybe its utterly wild overvaluation had nothing to do with Tesla’s products, or its market position, or Musk’s phony brilliance, or even (the usual explanation) with investors getting hyped about a self-driving car future and magical robots.
Maybe it was investors expecting the company to be the beneficiary of kleptocratic pillaging of the US Federal budget. Which — unlike all the other explanations — would not be an irrational expectation.

Hannah wants more whole grain, so, first attempt at sourdough rye drop biscuits. Egg bacon tea coffee. Chill night ahead but I gotta go yell at my transit agency board today! #TogetherBreakfast https://photos.app.goo.gl/dBDxRQycm6jdq4oaA

A mesoscale phase-field model of intergranular liquid lithium corrosion of ferritic/martensitic steels
A. Lhoest, S. Kovacevic, D. Nguyen-Manh, J. Lim, E. Mart\'inez-Pa\~neda, M. Wenman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02776

A mesoscale phase-field model of intergranular liquid lithium corrosion of ferritic/martensitic steels
A phase-field model is developed to simulate intergranular corrosion of ferritic/martensitic steels exposed to liquid lithium. The chromium concentration of the material is used to track the mass transport within the metal and liquid (corrosive) phase. The framework naturally captures intergranular corrosion by enhancing the diffusion of chromium along grain boundaries relative to the grain bulk with no special treatment for the corrosion front evolution. The formulation applies to arbitrary 2D…

My experience is limited to ASP.NET, SQL, and some Python at a Fortune 500 company, so take this with a grain of salt. When he talks about agents, it sounds like automation to me. I’ve been writing jobs (or agents) for decades to run automated tasks on a schedule. If you want to add another point of failure into your job, knock yourself out. Also, I’m wary of encouraging neophytes to outsource work they don’t know how to do. That’s a recipe for disaster.

Watching a house sparrow eating a grain of cooked rice from the leftovers I put out for the birds.
Size-wise, it's like a person eating a baguette, a whole meal!
I try to never bin anything that some other creature might like to eat 😊

Numerical Investigation of Wave Scattering in Granular Media: Grain-Scale Inversion and the Role of Boundary Effects
Ning Liu, Wen-Tao Hu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07455

Numerical Investigation of Wave Scattering in Granular Media: Grain-Scale Inversion and the Role of Boundary Effects
Seismic coda waves, once regarded as noise, are now recognized as key indicators of wave scattering in seismograms. Aki (1969) first proposed that these waves result from small-scale heterogeneities in the Earth's interior, spurring research into their interpretation and applications. Coda waves are now known to carry valuable information about subsurface heterogeneity, making the study of scattering essential for understanding complex geological structures. Wave scattering in unconsolidated …

Grain Size and Temperature-Dependent Response of 5-mol% Gd-Doped Ceria to Swift Heavy Ion Irradiation with 80 MeV Ag and 120 MeV Au Ions
Waseem Ul Haq, V. Grover, Sanjay Kedia, Santanu Ghosh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05310

Grain Size and Temperature-Dependent Response of 5-mol% Gd-Doped Ceria to Swift Heavy Ion Irradiation with 80 MeV Ag and 120 MeV Au Ions
The response of 5-mol% Gd-doped ceria to swift heavy ion beam irradiation has been studied to observe the effects of changes in ion energies and environmental temperature. The study involved irradiating two different grain sizes (nano and bulk) with two different ion energies: 80 MeV Ag and 120 MeV Au. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of Gd-doped ceria's response to ion beam irradiation at high temperatures (1000 K) was conducted, taking into account the effect of grain size dependency. B…

STEM Diffraction Pattern Analysis with Deep Learning Networks
Sebastian Wissel, Jonas Scheunert, Aaron Dextre, Shamail Ahmed, Andreas Bayer, Kerstin Volz, Bai-Xiang Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01889

STEM Diffraction Pattern Analysis with Deep Learning Networks
Accurate grain orientation mapping is essential for understanding and optimizing the performance of polycrystalline materials, particularly in energy-related applications. Lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO$_{2}$) is a promising cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, and its electrochemical behaviour is closely linked to microstructural features such as grain size and crystallographic orientations. Traditional orientation mapping methods--such as manual indexing, template matching…

I still love how something as totally basic as slowing down sound can reveal textures, harmonics, & microstructures that would otherwise be missed. A fleeting impact unfolds into something spatial, musical, & emotionally resonant. High overtones drop into the audible range, transients dissolve into evolving timbres, & the familiar becomes beautifully uncanny. In slowing sound, we don’t just decelerate it; we uncover its inner architecture - its grain, its buried melodies.

"I do not need the one magic machine that claims to solve all my issues and then makes me jump through conversational hoops to get a mediocre result. That is actually the opposite of what I need."
On chatbots as a bad design paradigm
(Original title: “ChatBot” is bad design)
https://t…

"ChatBot" is bad design
As anyone who has ever seen anything I have created knows: I am not a designer. So take my reasoning and thinking here with a grain of salt. I do have many designers amongst my friends and I do think that a lot of software engineering falls within the domain of design to a certain […]

Impact of border defects on the magnetic flux penetration in superconducting films
Alejandro V. Silhanek, Lu Jiang, Cun Xue, Beno\^it Vanderheyden
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04766

Impact of border defects on the magnetic flux penetration in superconducting films
Defects in superconducting systems are ubiquitous and nearly unavoidable. They can vary in nature, geometry, and size, ranging from microscopic-size defects such as dislocations, grain boundaries, twin planes, and oxygen vacancies, to macroscopic-size defects such as segregations, indentations, contamination, cracks, or voids. Irrespective of their type, defects perturb the otherwise laminar flow of electric current, forcing it to deviate from its path. In the best-case scenario, the associated…

The viscoelastic rheology of transient diffusion creep
John F. Rudge
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08484 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.0848…

The viscoelastic rheology of transient diffusion creep
Polycrystalline materials have a viscoelastic rheology where the strains produced by stresses depend on the timescale of deformation. Energy can be stored elastically within grain interiors and dissipated by a variety of different mechanisms. One such dissipation mechanism is diffusionally-accommodated/-assisted grain boundary sliding, also known as transient diffusion creep. Here we detail a simple reference model of transient diffusion creep, based on finite element calculations with simple g…

Laser Scan Path Design for Controlled Microstructure in Additive Manufacturing with Integrated Reduced-Order Phase-Field Modeling and Deep Reinforcement Learning
Augustine Twumasi, Prokash Chandra Roy, Zixun Li, Soumya Shouvik Bhattacharjee, Zhengtao Gan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21815 …

Laser Scan Path Design for Controlled Microstructure in Additive Manufacturing with Integrated Reduced-Order Phase-Field Modeling and Deep Reinforcement Learning
Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is a widely recognized additive manufacturing technology for producing intricate metal components with exceptional accuracy. A key challenge in L-PBF is the formation of complex microstructures affecting product quality. We propose a physics-guided, machine-learning approach to optimize scan paths for desired microstructure outcomes, such as equiaxed grains. We utilized a phase-field method (PFM) to model crystalline grain structure evolution. To reduce computati…

Timed Prediction Problem for Sandpile Models
Pablo Concha-Vega (AMU, LIS), K\'evin Perrot (AMU, LIS)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21084 https://

Timed Prediction Problem for Sandpile Models
We investigate the computational complexity of the timed prediction problem in two-dimensional sandpile models. This question refines the classical prediction problem, which asks whether a cell q will eventually become unstable after adding a grain at cell p from a given configuration. The prediction problem has been shown to be P-complete in several settings, including for subsets of the Moore neighborhood, but its complexity for the von Neumann neighborhood remains open. In a previous work, w…

Next pub the grain barge

An open-source finite element toolbox for anisotropic creep and irradiation growth: Application to tube and spacer grid assembly
Fabrizio E. Aguzzi, Santiago M. Rabazzi, Mart\'in S. Armoa, C\'esar I. Pairetti, Alejandro E. Albanesi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.02807

An open-source finite element toolbox for anisotropic creep and irradiation growth: Application to tube and spacer grid assembly
This work presents an open-source interface that couples the viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) model capable of simulating anisotropic creep and irradiation growth in polycrystalline materials with the finite element solver Code_Aster. The interface enables the simulation of the micromechanical response of irradiated zirconium alloy components by integrating grain-level constitutive behavior into a structural FEM framework. A key feature is the automated rotation of stress and strain tensors …

Photoelastic Grain Solver v2.0: An updated tool for analysis of force measurements in granular materials
Carmen L. Lee, Lori McCabe, Ben McMillan, Abrar Naseer, Dong Xie, Ted Brzinski, Karen E. Daniels, Tejas Murthy, Kerstin Nordstrom
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01933

Photoelastic Grain Solver v2.0: An updated tool for analysis of force measurements in granular materials
Photoelastic force imaging is an experimental technique whereby a birefringent granular material is imaged with a polariscope to characterize the internal stress state of a granular material. Photoelasticimetry is the only proven experimental technique that allows researchers to measure the shear and normal forces at every particle contact in a granular packing. In 2017, Kollmer et al. [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 88, 051808 (2017)] developed an open-source software to perform this analysis. Here, we pr…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.15983 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@a…

Why Grain Growth is Not Curvature Flow
Grain growth in polycrystals is traditionally considered a capillarity-driven process, where grain boundaries (GBs) migrate toward their centers of curvature (i.e., mean curvature flow) with a velocity proportional to the local curvature (including extensions to account for anisotropic GB energy and mobility). Experimental and simulation evidence shows that this simplistic view is untrue. We demonstrate that the failure of the classical mean curvature flow description of grain growth mainly ori…

Structure-preserving scheme for 1D KWC system
Makoto Okumura, Shodai Kubota, Ken Shirakawa
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.16963 https://a…

Structure-preserving scheme for 1D KWC system
In this paper, we consider a system of one-dimensional parabolic PDEs, known as the KWC system, as a phase-field model for grain boundary motion. A key feature of this system is that the equation for the crystalline orientation angle is described as a quasilinear diffusion equation with variable mobility. The goal of this paper is to establish a structure-preserving numerical scheme for the system, focusing on two main structural properties: $\sharp\,1)$ range preservation; and $\sharp\,2)$ ene…

"In Boston, between 1709 and 1713, townspeople protested vigorously and then took extralegal action when Andrew Belcher, a wealthy merchant, refused to stop exporting grain during a bread shortage in the city...he chose to export grain to the Caribbean, at a handsome profit, rather than sell it for a smaller profit to hungry townspeople, his ships were attacked and his warehouses emptied by an angry crowd...Bostonians of meagre means learned that through concerted action, the powerless could become powerful, if only for the moment. Wealthy merchants who would not listen to pleas from the community could be forced through collective action to subordinate profits to the public need."
- Gary B. Nash, "Social Change and the Growth of Prerevolutionary Urban Radicalism" in The American Revolution (ed. Alfred F. Young, Northern Illinois University Press, 1976), pg. 11
#history #politics #america #quote

Crystallization of metallic glass as a grain-boundary nucleated process: experimental and theoretical evidence for the grain structure of metallic glasses
Nikolay V. Alekseechkin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21261

Crystallization of metallic glass as a grain-boundary nucleated process: experimental and theoretical evidence for the grain structure of metallic glasses
Experimental DSC and Avrami curves for the crystallization of metallic glasses demonstrate nucleation at grain boundaries and thus indicate their grain structure, which refutes the generally accepted idea of glass as a homogeneous frozen liquid obtained as a result of avoiding crystallization. Under certain conditions, this nucleation mechanism results in the appearance of two-peak DSC curves and three-step Avrami plots which are observed experimentally. To clarify these conditions, isothermal …

The Stress-Force-Fabric relation across shear bands
Carmen Lee, \'Emilien Az\'ema, Karen Daniels
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.09741 https://

The Stress-Force-Fabric relation across shear bands
The strength of granular materials is highly dependent on grain connectivity (fabric), force transmission, and frictional mobilization at the particle scale. Furthermore, these bulk properties are strongly dependent on the geometry and history of loading. It is well established that anisotropy in fabric and force transmission through a granular packing directly relates to the bulk scale strength of the packing via the Stress-Force-Fabric (SFF) relation. We have recently verified the validity of…

Anomalous Ionic Conductivity along the Coherent $\Sigma$3 Grain Boundary in ThO2
Miaomiao Jin, Jilang Miao, Marat Khafizov, Beihan Chen, Yongfeng Zhang, David H. Hurley
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04652

Anomalous Ionic Conductivity along the Coherent $Σ$3 Grain Boundary in ThO2
Understanding oxygen diffusion along grain boundaries (GBs) is critical for controlling ionic conductivity in oxide ceramics. GBs are typically thought to enhance ionic transport due to structural disorder and increased free volume. In this study, we report an unexpected anomaly: the $Σ3(111)$ GB in thorium dioxide (ThO$_2$), despite its compact and coherent structure, exhibits significantly higher oxygen ionic conductivity compared to the more open GB ($Σ19$ as an example). Using atomistic s…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.05769 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@a…

Integrative Mobility Model For Grain-Boundary-Limited Transport In Thermoelectric Compounds
Grain-boundary-limited charge transport remains a key bottleneck in polycrystalline thermoelectric materials, where reduced carrier mobility degrades electrical conductivity and suppresses the power factor. Here we present a semi-empirical mobility model that integrates three dominant grain-boundary mechanisms: (i) weighted mobility linked to carrier effective mass and concentration, (ii) thermionic emission across grain-boundary barriers, and (iii) geometric suppression arising from a finite m…

Statistical nuclear spin ratios of deuterated ammonia in the pre-stellar core L1544
Jorma Harju (Max-Planck-Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik, Department of Physics, University of Helsinki), Paola Caselli (Max-Planck-Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik), Olli Sipilae (Max-Planck-Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik), Silvia Spezzano (Max-Planck-Institut fuer extraterrestrische Physik), Arnaud Belloche (Max-Planck-Institut fuer Radioastronomie), Luca Bizzocchi (Dipartimento…

Statistical nuclear spin ratios of deuterated ammonia in the pre-stellar core L1544
We determined the ortho/para (o/p) ratios of NH2D and NHD2 in the archetypical pre-stellar core L1544. The core was observed in the two lowest rotational lines of ortho- and para-NH2D using the APEX and the IRAM 30 m telescopes. The ground-state lines of ortho- and para-NHD2 were observed with APEX. The distributions of chemical abundances in the core were predicted using a gas-grain chemistry model with two different scenarios concerning proton transfer reactions in the gas. One of the scenari…

Accurate grain boundary plane distributions for textured microstructures from stereological analysis of orthogonal two-dimensional electron backscatter diffraction orientation maps
Martin Folwarczny, Ao Li, Rushvi Shah, Aaron Chote, Alexandra C. Austin, Yimin Zhu, Gregory S. Rohrer, Michael A. Jackson, Souhardh Kotakadi, Katharina Marquardt
https://

Accurate grain boundary plane distributions for textured microstructures from stereological analysis of orthogonal two-dimensional electron backscatter diffraction orientation maps
We present a method for obtaining qualitatively accurate grain boundary plane distributions (GBPD) for textured microstructures using a stereological calculation applied to two-dimensional electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) orientation maps. Stereology, applied to 2D EBSD orientation maps, is currently the fastest method of obtaining GBPDs. Existing stereological methods are not directly applicable to textured microstructures because of the biased viewing perspectives for different grain b…

Graph Neural Networks to Predict Coercivity of Hard Magnetic Microstructures
Heisam Moustafa, Alexander Kovacs, Johann Fischbacher, Markus Gusenbauer, Qais Ali, Leoni Breth, Thomas Schrefl, Harald Oezelt
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23615

Graph Neural Networks to Predict Coercivity of Hard Magnetic Microstructures
Graph neural networks (GNN) are a promising tool to predict magnetic properties of large multi-grain structures, which can speed up the search for rare-earth free permanent magnets. In this paper, we use our magnetic simulation data to train a GNN to predict coercivity of hard magnetic microstructures. We evaluate the performance of the trained GNN and quantify its uncertainty. Subsequently, we reuse the GNN architecture for predicting the maximum energy product. Out-of-distribution predictions…

Peering through the veil: Investigating protoplanetary disk outer edges using backside visibility
Joel George, Carsten Dominik, Christian Ginski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.03624

Peering through the veil: Investigating protoplanetary disk outer edges using backside visibility
Protoplanetary disks observed in scattered light reveal essential insights into the disk's three-dimensional architecture and dust properties. These disks, which play a crucial role in planet formation, have complex structures where the visibility of the disk's backside can vary significantly based on several parameters. This study aims to explore the factors impacting backside visibility in protoplanetary disks, particularly under variations in inclination, dust distribution, grain characteris…

Phase field dislocation dynamics study of grain boundary-dislocation interactions
Brayan Murgas, Avanish Mishra, Nithin Mathew, Abigail Hunter
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00303

Phase field dislocation dynamics study of grain boundary-dislocation interactions
A new phase field dislocation dynamics formulation is presented, which couples micromechanical solvers and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. Grain boundary (GB)-dislocation interactions are studied by describing GBs as inclusions. Grain boundary properties are computed from Molecular Statics simulations and an additional contribution to the total energy that takes into account the GB energy is considered in the calculations. Interaction of a screw dislocation with minimum energy and …

Solid-State Dewetting of Polycrystalline Thin Films: a Phase Field Approach
Paul Hoffrogge, Nils Becker, Daniel Schneider, Britta Nestler, Axel Voigt, Marco Salvalaglio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10811

Solid-State Dewetting of Polycrystalline Thin Films: a Phase Field Approach
Solid-state dewetting (SSD) is the process by which thin solid films break up and retract on a substrate, resulting in the formation of nanostructures and islands. While SSD in single-crystalline films is generally understood as a surface-energy-driven process mediated by surface diffusion, polycrystalline films feature additional complexity due to the presence of grain boundaries. Theoretical investigations and simulation frameworks have mainly focused on single-crystalline SSD. In this work, …

Crushing, Comminution and Fracture: Extreme Particle Deformation in Three-Dimensional Granular Aggregates
Debdeep Bhattacharya, Davood Damircheli, Robert P. Lipton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.05362

Crushing, Comminution and Fracture: Extreme Particle Deformation in Three-Dimensional Granular Aggregates
We present a high-fidelity three dimensional computational framework for simulating the bulk mechanical behavior of granular aggregates composed of deformable brittle grains. Departing from classical discrete element methods (DEM), our approach captures both inter-particle and intra-particle deformation using a nonlocal continuum formulation based on peridynamics. Each grain is individually meshed from level-set representations, enabling accurate modeling of elastic response and autonomous frac…

Prediction of A15 Tilt Grain Boundary Structures
Wenwen Zou, Zihan Su, Juan Zhang, Kai Jiang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21954 https://

Prediction of A15 Tilt Grain Boundary Structures
In this work, we present a theoretical method to predict all coincidence site lattice (CSL) tilt grain boundaries (GBs) in A15, especially high-$Σ$ CSL GBs. This method includes a modified Farey diagram (MFD) and a computational framework based on the 3D phase field crystal model. Applied to [001] CSL symmetric tilt grain boundaries (STGBs) in A15, this method identifies building blocks of A15 GBs, known as structural units (SUs). The MFD predicts the quantity and proportion of SUs within GBs.…

Influence of nanostructuring through high-pressure torsion (HPT) on superconductivity of a high-entropy alloy
Kaveh Edalati, Alexy Bertrand, Payam Edalati, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Nariman Enikeev, Masaki Mito
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.17850

Influence of nanostructuring through high-pressure torsion (HPT) on superconductivity of a high-entropy alloy
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as favorable choices for different applications, including superconductors. The present work examines the impact of nanostructuring via high-pressure torsion (HPT) on the superconducting properties of the equiatomic TiZrHfNbTa HEA. Structural characterization reveals a progressive refinement of grain size and increased dislocation density, together with partial phase transformation to an ω phase with HPT processing. Magnetic susceptibility and magnetizat…

Giant planet formation via pebble accretion across different stellar masses
Sho Shibata, Ravit Helled
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01212 https://

Giant planet formation via pebble accretion across different stellar masses
The occurrence rate of cold Jupiters was found to depend on stellar mass. The formation environment in the protoplanetary disks regulates core formation and the subsequent gas accretion. In this study, we simulate giant planet formation via pebble accretion accounting for various stellar masses, core formation times, disk turbulent viscosities, and grain opacities. We use a self-consistent formation model that calculates the solid accretion rate and gas accretion rate of growing protoplanets. W…

The SOMA-POL Survey. I. Polarization and magnetic field properties of massive protostars
Tuva K\"allberg, Chi Yan Law, Jonathan C. Tan, Kate Pattle, Zacariyya Khan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02384

The SOMA-POL Survey. I. Polarization and magnetic field properties of massive protostars
The role of magnetic fields in regulating the formation of massive stars remains much debated. Here we present sub-millimeter polarimetric observations with JCMT-POL2 at $850\:μ$m of 13 regions of massive star formation selected from the SOFIA Massive (SOMA) star formation survey, yielding a total of 29 massive protostars. Our investigation of the $p'-I$ relationship suggests that grain alignment persists up to the highest intensities. We examine the relative orientations between polarization-…

Decomposition of general grain boundaries
Wei Wan, Junwen Deng, Changxin Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00759 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Decomposition of general grain boundaries
As a central part of microstructure evolution, grain boundary (GB) migration is believed to be both monolithic and unidirectional. But here, we introduce the concept of GB decomposition: one GB separates into two new GBs by controlling the Peach-Koehler forces on its disconnections. Molecular dynamics simulation is used to reveal the disconnection mechanisms and direction-dependent motion behaviors associated with the reversible decomposition of a nickel Σ7 general GB. We also observed a decom…

Quenching of excitons at grain boundaries in C60 thin films
Rysa Greenwood, Bradley G. Guislain, MengXing Na, Alexandra B. Tully, Sergey Zhdanovich, Jerry Icban Dadap, Sydney K. Y. Dufresne, Vanessa King, Jiabin Yu, Giorgio Levy, Arthur K. Mills, Matteo Michiardi, Andrea Damascelli, Sarah A. Burke, David J. Jones
https://arxiv.o…

Quenching of excitons at grain boundaries in C60 thin films
Exciton lifetimes play a critical role in the performance of organic optoelectronic devices. In this work, we investigate how the presence of multiple rotational domains, and therefore grain boundaries, impacts exciton dynamics in thin films of C60/Au(111) using time and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TR-ARPES). We find that films with multiple rotational domains exhibit shorter exciton lifetimes and evidence of exciton-exciton annihilation, even when one domain predominates. Scanni…

Corner-Sharing PS$_4$-BS$_4$ Modes Facilitate Fast Ion Conduction in Lithium Thioborophosphate Iodide Glassy Solid Electrolytes
Yun An
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08215

Corner-Sharing PS$_4$-BS$_4$ Modes Facilitate Fast Ion Conduction in Lithium Thioborophosphate Iodide Glassy Solid Electrolytes
Glassy solid electrolytes (GSEs), with their amorphous nature and the absence of grain boundaries, make them highly attractive for applications in all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs), a leading candidate for next-generation energy storage technologies. A recently developed lithium thioborophosphate iodide GSE, composed of 30Li$_2$S-25B$_2$S$_3$-45LiI-5P$_2$S$_5$ (LBPSI), has demonstrated excellent room-temperature ionic conductivity and low activation energy. Despite this exciting findin…

Machine-learning-driven modelling of amorphous and polycrystalline BaZrS$_{3}$
Laura-Bianca Pa\c{s}ca, Yuanbin Liu, Andy S. Anker, Ludmilla Steier, Volker L. Deringer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01517

Machine-learning-driven modelling of amorphous and polycrystalline BaZrS$_{3}$
The chalcogenide perovskite material BaZrS$_{3}$ is of growing interest for emerging thin-film photovoltaics. Here we show how machine-learning-driven modelling can be used to describe the material's amorphous precursor as well as polycrystalline structures with complex grain boundaries. Using a bespoke machine-learned interatomic potential (MLIP) model for BaZrS$_{3}$, we study the atomic-scale structure of the amorphous phase, quantify grain-boundary formation energies, and create realistic-s…

Static friction of liquid marbles
Yui Takai, Kei Mukoyama, Pritam Kumar Roy, Guillaume Lagubeau, David Qu\'er\'e, Samuel Poincloux, Timoth\'ee Mouterde
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20116

Static friction of liquid marbles
Liquid marbles, droplets coated with a granular layer, are highly mobile as particles prevent capillary adhesion with the substrate. Yet, they exhibit static friction due to their granular shell, which resists rolling until it yields. This friction depends on the shell geometry and increases exponentially with grain density, indicating a logistic dependence of interparticle compressive forces on surface coverage, confirmed by yielding measurements in granular rafts. These results reveal the she…

Exact Solutions for Bimodal Distributions under Stochastic Plasma Irradiation in Thin Films
Joel Saucedo, Uday Lamba, Hasitha Mahabaduge
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07268

Exact Solutions for Bimodal Distributions under Stochastic Plasma Irradiation in Thin Films
A persistent paradox complicates the study of plasma-irradiated thin films, where bimodal grain distributions and ambiguous scaling laws, roughly shifting between $Φ^{-1/2}$ and $Φ^{-1}$, or a general inverse dependence on plasma flux, are empirical yet remain theoretically unreconciled. Existing models fail to unify noise-driven evolution, defect saturation kinetics, and nucleation-loss balance within a single, self-consistent formalism. This work resolves these discrepancies by developing t…

Severe Plastic Deformation of Ceramics by High-Pressure Torsion: Review of Principles and Applications
Kaveh Edalati, Jacqueline Hidalgo-Jim\'enez, Thanh Tam Nguyen, Hadi Sena, Nariman Enikeev, Gerda Rogl, Valery I. Levitas, Zenji Horita, Michael J. Zehetbauer, Ruslan Z. Valiev, Terence G. Langdon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.…

Severe Plastic Deformation of Ceramics by High-Pressure Torsion: Review of Principles and Applications
Ceramics are typically brittle at ambient conditions due to their covalent or ionic bonding and limited dislocation activities. While plasticity, and occasionally superplasticity, can be achieved in ceramics at high temperatures through thermally activated phenomena, creep, and grain boundary sliding, their deformation at ambient temperature and pressure remains challenging. Processing under high pressure via the high-pressure torsion (HPT) method offers new pathways for severe plastic deformat…

A Novel Analysis Framework for Microstructural Characterization of Ferroelectric Hafnia: Experimental Validation and Application
Yoonsang Park, Jaeduck Jang, Hyangsook Lee, Kihong Kim, Kyooho Jung, Yunseong Lee, Jaewoo Lee, Eunji Yang, Sanghyun Jo, Sijung Yoo, Hyun Jae Lee, Donghoon Kim, Duk-Hyun Choe, Seunggeol Nam
https://arxi…

A Novel Analysis Framework for Microstructural Characterization of Ferroelectric Hafnia: Experimental Validation and Application
Herein, we present a novel analysis framework for grain size profile of ferroelectric hafnia to tackle critical shortcomings inherent in the current microstructural analysis. We vastly enhanced visibility of grains with ion beam treatment and performed accurate grain segmentation using deep neural network (DNN). By leveraging our new method, we discovered unexpected discrepancies that contradict previous results, such as deposition temperature (Tdep) and post-metallization annealing (PMA) depen…

Line and Planar Defects with Zero Formation Free Energy: Applications of the Phase Rule toward Ripening-Immune Microstructures
Ju Li, Yuri Mishin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.24092 …

Line and Planar Defects with Zero Formation Free Energy: Applications of the Phase Rule toward Ripening-Immune Microstructures
Extended one- and two-dimensional defects in crystalline materials are usually metastable. The thermodynamic ground state of the material is presumed to be defect-free. Here, we investigate the conditions under which extended defects, such as grain boundaries, can exist in a multicomponent alloy when the latter reaches the thermodynamic ground state allowed by the Gibbs phase rule. We treat all extended defects as low-dimensional phases on the same footing as the conventional bulk phases. Therm…