Tootfinder

Adaptive Inventory Strategies using Deep Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Agri-Food Supply Chains
Amandeep Kaur, Gyan Prakash
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16670

Adaptive Inventory Strategies using Deep Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Agri-Food Supply Chains
Agricultural products are often subject to seasonal fluctuations in production and demand. Predicting and managing inventory levels in response to these variations can be challenging, leading to either excess inventory or stockouts. Additionally, the coordination among stakeholders at various level of food supply chain is not considered in the existing body of literature. To bridge these research gaps, this study focuses on inventory management of agri-food products under demand and lead time u…

Resilient Multi-Agent Negotiation for Medical Supply Chains:Integrating LLMs and Blockchain for Transparent Coordination
Mariam ALMutairi, Hyungmin Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17134

Resilient Multi-Agent Negotiation for Medical Supply Chains:Integrating LLMs and Blockchain for Transparent Coordination
Global health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have exposed critical weaknesses in traditional medical supply chains, including inefficiencies in resource allocation, lack of transparency, and poor adaptability to dynamic disruptions. This paper presents a novel hybrid framework that integrates blockchain technology with a decentralized, large language model (LLM) powered multi-agent negotiation system to enhance the resilience and accountability of medical supply chains during crise…

Security Vulnerabilities in Software Supply Chain for Autonomous Vehicles
Md Wasiul Haque, Md Erfan, Sagar Dasgupta, Md Rayhanur Rahman, Mizanur Rahman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.16899

Security Vulnerabilities in Software Supply Chain for Autonomous Vehicles
The interest in autonomous vehicles (AVs) for critical missions, including transportation, rescue, surveillance, reconnaissance, and mapping, is growing rapidly due to their significant safety and mobility benefits. AVs consist of complex software systems that leverage artificial intelligence (AI), sensor fusion algorithms, and real-time data processing. Additionally, AVs are becoming increasingly reliant on open-source software supply chains, such as open-source packages, third-party software …

Bayesian implementation of Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation for uncertainty quantification in causal effect estimation
Saideep Nannapaneni, Joseph Sakaya, Kyle Caron, Pedro HM Albuquerque, Zaid Tashman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15909

Bayesian implementation of Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation for uncertainty quantification in causal effect estimation
Robust decision making involves making decisions in the presence of uncertainty and is often used in critical domains such as healthcare, supply chains, and finance. Causality plays a crucial role in decision-making as it predicts the change in an outcome (usually a key performance indicator) due to a treatment (also called an intervention). To facilitate robust decision making using causality, this paper proposes three Bayesian approaches of the popular Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (…

🍙 'Biomining' seaweed explored for critical minerals to improve domestic supply chains
https://phys.org/news/2025-08-biomining-seaweed-explored-critical-minerals.html

'Biomining' seaweed explored for critical minerals to improve domestic supply chains
In a bright, open laboratory nestled along Washington State's Sequim Bay, among rows of glassware filled with seawater and green and purple seaweed, researchers are investigating a new way to produce the critical minerals that are vital to everyday life.

Sheesh what morons. There is utterly no value, nor need for, crypto currencies, not even the "stable" forms - which are really nothing more than a non-Federal Reserve issued currency that erodes the Fed's ability to control the money supply to fight inflation and recession.
That is, except for criminals, who believe that block chains hide their identities.

Trump signs 1st major federal cryptocurrency bill into law
The law makes it easier for banks to issue stablecoins.

The US Commerce Department opens national security probes into imports of unmanned aircraft systems and polysilicon supply chains, used in chip manufacturing (Financial Times)
https://www.ft.com/content/3b6899b4-063e-44c8-b57b-3a097294f99a

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Pricing in Supply Chains: Benchmarking Strategic Agent Behaviours under Realistically Simulated Market Conditions
Thomas Hazenberg, Yao Ma, Seyed Sahand Mohammadi Ziabari, Marijn van Rijswijk
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02698

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Pricing in Supply Chains: Benchmarking Strategic Agent Behaviours under Realistically Simulated Market Conditions
This study investigates how Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) can improve dynamic pricing strategies in supply chains, particularly in contexts where traditional ERP systems rely on static, rule-based approaches that overlook strategic interactions among market actors. While recent research has applied reinforcement learning to pricing, most implementations remain single-agent and fail to model the interdependent nature of real-world supply chains. This study addresses that gap by evalu…

Real-Time RAG for the Identification of Supply Chain Vulnerabilities
Jesse Ponnock, Grace Kenneally, Michael Robert Briggs, Elinor Yeo, Tyrone Patterson III, Nicholas Kinberg, Matthew Kalinowski, David Hechtman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10469

Real-Time RAG for the Identification of Supply Chain Vulnerabilities
New technologies in generative AI can enable deeper analysis into our nation's supply chains but truly informative insights require the continual updating and aggregation of massive data in a timely manner. Large Language Models (LLMs) offer unprecedented analytical opportunities however, their knowledge base is constrained to the models' last training date, rendering these capabilities unusable for organizations whose mission impacts rely on emerging and timely information. This research propo…

Neurosymbolic Feature Extraction for Identifying Forced Labor in Supply Chains
Zili Wang, Frank Montabon, Kristin Yvonne Rozier
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07217

Neurosymbolic Feature Extraction for Identifying Forced Labor in Supply Chains
Supply chain networks are complex systems that are challenging to analyze; this problem is exacerbated when there are illicit activities involved in the supply chain, such as counterfeit parts, forced labor, or human trafficking. While machine learning (ML) can find patterns in complex systems like supply chains, traditional ML techniques require large training data sets. However, illicit supply chains are characterized by very sparse data, and the data that is available is often (purposely) co…

What Gets Measured Gets Managed: Mitigating Supply Chain Attacks with a Link Integrity Management System
Johnny So, Michael Ferdman, Nick Nikiforakis
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14583

What Gets Measured Gets Managed: Mitigating Supply Chain Attacks with a Link Integrity Management System
The web continues to grow, but dependency-monitoring tools and standards for resource integrity lag behind. Currently, there exists no robust method to verify the integrity of web resources, much less in a generalizable yet performant manner, and supply chains remain one of the most targeted parts of the attack surface of web applications. In this paper, we present the design of LiMS, a transparent system to bootstrap link integrity guarantees in web browsing sessions with minimal overhead. A…

Recourse, Repair, Reparation, & Prevention: A Stakeholder Analysis of AI Supply Chains
Aspen K. Hopkins, Isabella Struckman, Kevin Klyman, Susan S. Silbey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02648

Recourse, Repair, Reparation, & Prevention: A Stakeholder Analysis of AI Supply Chains
The AI industry is exploding in popularity, with increasing attention to potential harms and unwanted consequences. In the current digital ecosystem, AI deployments are often the product of AI supply chains (AISC): networks of outsourced models, data, and tooling through which multiple entities contribute to AI development and distribution. AI supply chains lack the modularity, redundancies, or conventional supply chain practices that enable identification, isolation, and easy correction of fai…

Specialization, Complexity & Resilience in Supply Chains
Alessandro Ferrari, Lorenzo Pesaresi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08981 https://arxiv.org/pdf/25…

Specialization, Complexity & Resilience in Supply Chains
Despite growing policy interest, the determinants of supply chain resilience are still not well understood. We propose a new theory of supply chain formation with compatibility frictions: only compatible inputs can be used in final good production. Intermediate producers choose the degree of specialization of their goods, trading off higher productivity against a lower share of compatible final producers. We model supply chains as complex production processes in which multiple complementary inp…

The US commerce department has launched two national security probes that could lead to tariffs on drones and a raw material used for chips and solar panels.
In notices published on Monday evening, the commerce department said it would examine imports of unmanned aircraft systems and their parts and components,
and would separately carry out a study of polysilicon supply chains.
US officials would study the impact of foreign subsidies, “predatory trade practices”
a…

US probes imports of drones and critical material in chips and solar panels
Investigations could lead to tariffs on unmanned aircraft systems and polysilicon

Integrating Upstream Supply Chains into Generation Expansion Planning
Boyu Yao, Andrey Bernstein, Yury Dvorkin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03001 https://arx…

Integrating Upstream Supply Chains into Generation Expansion Planning
Rising electricity demand underscores the need for secure and reliable generation expansion planning that accounts for upstream supply chain constraints. Traditional models often overlook limitations in materials, manufacturing capacity, lead times for deployment, and field availability, which can delay availability of planned resources and thus to threaten system reliability. This paper introduces a multi-stage supply chain-constrained generation expansion planning (SC-GEP) model that optimize…

Interactive framework for techno-economic meta-analysis of marine hydrogen transportation
Lucas Hanssens, Maarten Houlleberghs, Karel Van Acker, Johan A. Martensand Eric Breynaert
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10923

Interactive framework for techno-economic meta-analysis of marine hydrogen transportation
As a result of the wide span of uncertainties and input variables considered in recent peer-reviewed studies on hydrogen supply chains, consensus and generalized insight are hard to derive. This work presents a meta-analysis model, building upon a growing database of literature cost estimations and enabling dynamic investigation and comparison of hydrogen transportation chains under varying input scenarios. Also built into the framework is the evaluation of the impact of costing methodology and…

Following the expected mention of technology neutrality with regard to the 2035 review of CO₂ standards for cars, the automotive section of Von der Leyen's State of the Union speech ends on a positive note:
https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/SPEECH…

Understanding the Supply Chain and Risks of Large Language Model Applications
Yujie Ma, Lili Quan, Xiaofei Xie, Qiang Hu, Jiongchi Yu, Yao Zhang, Sen Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18105

Understanding the Supply Chain and Risks of Large Language Model Applications
The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the widespread deployment of LLM-based systems across diverse domains. As these systems proliferate, understanding the risks associated with their complex supply chains is increasingly important. LLM-based systems are not standalone as they rely on interconnected supply chains involving pretrained models, third-party libraries, datasets, and infrastructure. Yet, most risk assessments narrowly focus on model or data level, overlooking broader s…

"Copper is used in everything from electrical wiring and building construction to cars, phones, and industrial machinery. A tariff like the one proposed by Trump could ripple through supply chains, driving up prices for companies and consumers alike."
Copper price hits record high after Trump floats 50% tariff
https://qz.com/copper-record-price-trump-50-percent-tariff

At the Semicon trade show in Taipei, Taiwan promotes diplomatic relations and pitches its tech manufacturing to "create trusted non-red supply chains" (Ben Blanchard/Reuters)
https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/tai

A New Discovery Might Have Just Rewritten Human History https://www.404media.co/a-new-discovery-might-have-just-rewritten-human-history/

Global Supply Chain Reallocation and Shift under Triple Crises: A U.S.-China Perspective
Wei Luo (GeospatialX Lab, Geography Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore), Siyuan Kang (GeospatialX Lab, Geography Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore), Qian Di (Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing)
https://

Global Supply Chain Reallocation and Shift under Triple Crises: A U.S.-China Perspective
US-China trade tensions, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Russia-Ukraine conflict have disrupted and reshaped global supply chains. Existing studies caution that these tensions may not meaningfully reduce U.S. dependence on China-linked supply chains. This study examines the drivers of this unmet reallocation under overlapping geopolitical and public health disruptions. It investigates how these shocks jointly reconfigured bilateral trade and global value chain (GVC) participation and positioning…

"Renewable energy technologies have experienced spectacular cost declines since 2010. This has been driven
by improvements in technology, competitive supply chains and economies of scale"
#RenewableEnergy
#Solar

As Russia wages its full-scale war against Ukraine, one of its most important missile plants is quietly expanding -- bypassing international sanctions.
The Votkinsk Plant, also known as the Votkinskiy Plant,
— a strategic, state-owned facility serving Russia’s nuclear forces
— has hired thousands of new workers,
added new buildings,
and brought in advanced machinery to significantly increase its missile production.
Ukrainians have felt it firsthand.
Is…

Investigation: Russia expands strategic plant producing ICBMs — with China’s help
Key findings: * Despite international sanctions, Russia's strategic missile plant was able to import complex machinery to dramatically increase missile production. * The Kyiv Independent has identified the equipment supplied to the plant, as well as the supply chains, mostly from China. * We located the plant's new premises, built to house the new machinery. * We obtained a document confirming that the plant received an order to produce intercontinental missiles capable of reaching the U.S.

Understanding Inconsistent State Update Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts
Lantian Li, Yuyu Chen, Jingwen Wu, Yue Pan, Zhongxing Yu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06192 https://

Understanding Inconsistent State Update Vulnerabilities in Smart Contracts
Smart contracts enable contract terms to be automatically executed and verified on the blockchain, and recent years have witnessed numerous applications of them in areas such as financial institutions and supply chains. The execution logic of a smart contract is closely related to the contract state, and thus the correct and safe execution of the contract depends heavily on the precise control and update of the contract state. However, the contract state update process can have issues. In parti…

Sequential Fair Allocation With Replenishments: A Little Envy Goes An Exponentially Long Way
Chido Onyeze, Sean R. Sinclair, Chamsi Hssaine, Siddhartha Banerjee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21753

Sequential Fair Allocation With Replenishments: A Little Envy Goes An Exponentially Long Way
We study the trade-off between envy and inefficiency in repeated resource allocation settings with stochastic replenishments, motivated by real-world systems such as food banks and medical supply chains. Specifically, we consider a model in which a decision-maker faced with stochastic demand and resource donations must trade off between an equitable and efficient allocation of resources over an infinite horizon. The decision-maker has access to storage with fixed capacity $M$, and incurs effici…

Deciphering the global production network from cross-border firm transactions
Neave O'Clery, Ben Radcliffe-Brown, Thomas Spencer, Daniel Tarling-Hunter
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12315

Deciphering the global production network from cross-border firm transactions
Critical for policy-making and business operations, the study of global supply chains has been severely hampered by a lack of detailed data. Here we harness global firm-level transaction data covering 20m global firms, and 1 billion cross-border transactions, to infer key inputs for over 1200 products. Transforming this data to a directed network, we find that products are clustered into three large groups including textiles, chemicals and food, and machinery and metals. European industrial nat…

Evolution and determinants of firm-level systemic risk in local production networks
Anna Mancini, Bal\'azs Lengyel, Riccardo Di Clemente, Giulio Cimini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21426

Evolution and determinants of firm-level systemic risk in local production networks
Recent crises like the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical tensions have exposed vulnerabilities and caused disruptions of supply chains, leading to product shortages, increased costs, and economic instability. This has prompted increasing efforts to assess systemic risk, namely the effects of firm disruptions on entire economies. However, the ability of firms to react to crises by rewiring their supply links has been largely overlooked, limiting our understanding of production networks resilien…

PyPitfall: Dependency Chaos and Software Supply Chain Vulnerabilities in Python
Jacob Mahon, Chenxi Hou, Zhihao Yao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18075 https://

PyPitfall: Dependency Chaos and Software Supply Chain Vulnerabilities in Python
Python software development heavily relies on third-party packages. Direct and transitive dependencies create a labyrinth of software supply chains. While it is convenient to reuse code, vulnerabilities within these dependency chains can propagate through dependencies, potentially affecting down-stream packages and applications. PyPI, the official Python package repository, hosts many packages and lacks a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of vulnerable dependencies. This paper introduces…

Lab-grown oils offer a sustainable solution for deforestation-free cosmetics. #climatechange #climatesolutions #climate

Lab-grown oils could make your cosmetics deforestation-free
Traditional palm and coconut oil supply chains can take as long as two years. SMEY’s lab-grown oils cut that down to only 30 days.

The Carbon Footprint Wizard: A Knowledge-Augmented AI Interface for Streamlining Food Carbon Footprint Analysis
Mustafa Kaan Aslan, Reinout Heijungs, Filip Ilievski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.07733

The Carbon Footprint Wizard: A Knowledge-Augmented AI Interface for Streamlining Food Carbon Footprint Analysis
Environmental sustainability, particularly in relation to climate change, is a key concern for consumers, producers, and policymakers. The carbon footprint, based on greenhouse gas emissions, is a standard metric for quantifying the contribution to climate change of activities and is often assessed using life cycle assessment (LCA). However, conducting LCA is complex due to opaque and global supply chains, as well as fragmented data. This paper presents a methodology that combines advances in L…

A Distributed Approach for Agile Supply Chain Decision-Making Based on Network Attributes
Mingjie Bi, Dawn M. Tilbury, Siqian Shen, Kira Barton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19038 …

A Distributed Approach for Agile Supply Chain Decision-Making Based on Network Attributes
In recent years, the frequent occurrence of disruptions has had a negative impact on global supply chains. To stay competitive, enterprises strive to remain agile through the implementation of efficient and effective decision-making strategies in reaction to disruptions. A significant effort has been made to develop these agile disruption mitigation approaches, leveraging both centralized and distributed decision-making strategies. Though trade-offs of centralized and distributed approaches hav…

Unraveling Global Threads: Pandemic, Geopolitical Conflict, and Resilience in Fashion and Textile Supply Chain
Md. Al-Amin, Muneeb Tahir, Amit Talukder, Abdullah Al Mamun, Md Tanjim Hossain, Nigar Sultana
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00207

Unraveling Global Threads: Pandemic, Geopolitical Conflict, and Resilience in Fashion and Textile Supply Chain
Several noteworthy scenarios emerged in the global textile and fashion supply chains during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The destabilizing influences of a global pandemic and a geographically localized conflict are being acutely noticed in the worldwide fashion and textile supply chains. This work examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russo-Ukraine conflict, Israel-Palestine conflict, and Indo-Pak conflict on supply chains within the textile and fashion industry. This research e…

Trump imposed 50% tariffs on most US imports from India,
making good on a threat to punish one of the world’s largest economies over its purchases of discounted Russian oil.
The tariffs, which came into effect just after midnight on Wednesday in Washington,
risk inflicting significant damage on the Indian economy and further disrupting global supply chains.
US tariffs of 25% on Indian goods went into force earlier this month,
but Trump announced plans to double …

Unlocking Reproducibility: Automating re-Build Process for Open-Source Software
Behnaz Hassanshahi, Trong Nhan Mai, Benjamin Selwyn Smith, Nicholas Allen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08204

Unlocking Reproducibility: Automating re-Build Process for Open-Source Software
Software ecosystems like Maven Central play a crucial role in modern software supply chains by providing repositories for libraries and build plugins. However, the separation between binaries and their corresponding source code in Maven Central presents a significant challenge, particularly when it comes to linking binaries back to their original build environment. This lack of transparency poses security risks, as approximately 84% of the top 1200 commonly used artifacts are not built using a …

Green Ammonia: A Techno-Economic Supply Chain Optimization
Lucien Genge, Felix M\"usgens
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02412 https://

Green Ammonia: A Techno-Economic Supply Chain Optimization
Green ammonia is emerging as a strategic intermediary within green energy supply chains, serving effectively as both an industrial commodity and hydrogen carrier. This study provides a techno-economic analysis of green ammonia supply chains, comparing cost-effective pathways from global production to European consumers, and evaluates ammonia alongside alternative hydrogen carriers. Gaseous hydrogen consistently remains the most economical import option for Europe, though ammonia holds a narrowi…

VDGraph: A Graph-Theoretic Approach to Unlock Insights from SBOM and SCA Data
Howell Xia, Jonah Gluck, Sevval Simsek, David Sastre Medina, David Starobinski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20502

VDGraph: A Graph-Theoretic Approach to Unlock Insights from SBOM and SCA Data
The high complexity of modern software supply chains necessitates tools such as Software Bill of Materials (SBOMs) to manage component dependencies, and Software Composition Analysis (SCA) tools to identify vulnerabilities. While there exists limited integration between SBOMs and SCA tools, a unified view of complex dependency-vulnerability relationships remains elusive. In this paper, we introduce VDGraph, a novel knowledge graph-based methodology for integrating vulnerability and dependency d…

"‘Climateflation’ could push up UK food prices by more than a third by 2050, report says"
#UK #UnitedKingdom #Food #Climate

Predicting Maintenance Cessation of Open Source Software Repositories with An Integrated Feature Framework
Yiming Xu, Runzhi He, Hengzhi Ye, Minghui Zhou, Huaimin Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21678 …

Predicting Maintenance Cessation of Open Source Software Repositories with An Integrated Feature Framework
The maintenance risks of open source software (OSS) projects pose significant threats to the quality, security, and resilience of modern software supply chains. While prior research has proposed diverse approaches for predicting OSS maintenance risk -- leveraging signals ranging from surface features (e.g., stars, commits) to social network analyses and behavioral patterns -- existing methods often suffer from ambiguous operational definitions, limited interpretability, and datasets of insuffic…

ShortageSim: Simulating Drug Shortages under Information Asymmetry
Mingxuan Cui, Yilan Jiang, Duo Zhou, Cheng Qian, Yuji Zhang, Qiong Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01813 https…

ShortageSim: Simulating Drug Shortages under Information Asymmetry
Drug shortages pose critical risks to patient care and healthcare systems worldwide, yet the effectiveness of regulatory interventions remains poorly understood due to fundamental information asymmetries in pharmaceutical supply chains. We present \textbf{ShortageSim}, the first Large Language Model (LLM)-based multi-agent simulation framework that captures the complex, strategic interactions between drug manufacturers, institutional buyers, and regulatory agencies in response to shortage alert…

Assessing the Macroeconomic Impacts of Disasters: an Updated Multi-Regional Impact Assessment (MRIA) model
Surender Raj Vanniya Perumal, Mark Thissen, Marleen de Ruiter, Elco E. Koks
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00510

Assessing the Macroeconomic Impacts of Disasters: an Updated Multi-Regional Impact Assessment (MRIA) model
Disasters often impact supply chains, leading to cascading effects across regions. While unaffected regions may attempt to compensate, their ability is constrained by their available production capacity and logistical constraints between regions. This study introduces a Multi-Regional Impact Assessment (MRIA) model to evaluate the regional and macroeconomic consequences of disasters, capturing regional post-disaster trade dynamics and logistical constraints. Our findings emphasize that enhancin…