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Gray matter abnormalities in sight deprivation and sight restoration https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00429-025-02994-6 "white matter may potentially serve as a biomarker of structural plasticity following sight restoration"; brain plasticity

Gray matter abnormalities in sight deprivation and sight restoration - Brain Structure and Function
Blindness provides a unique model for investigating brain plasticity in response to sensory deprivation. While structural changes in both gray and white matter have been widely documented, particularly in cases of early or congenital visual deprivation, gray matter studies have traditionally focused on cortical thickness, often finding cortical thickening in posterior regions. However, other aspects of gray matter integrity, such as cortical myelin content, remain underexplored. In this study, …

$\Delta$-AttnMask: Attention-Guided Masked Hidden States for Efficient Data Selection and Augmentation
Jucheng Hu, Suorong Yang, Dongzhan Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09199 h…

$Δ$-AttnMask: Attention-Guided Masked Hidden States for Efficient Data Selection and Augmentation
Visual Instruction Finetuning (VIF) is pivotal for post-training Vision-Language Models (VLMs). Unlike unimodal instruction finetuning in plain-text large language models, which mainly requires instruction datasets to enable model instruction-following ability, VIF also requires multimodal data to enable joint visual and textual understanding; therefore, it typically requires more data. Consequently, VIF imposes stricter data selection challenges: the method must scale efficiently to handle lar…

The Othello AI Arena: Evaluating Intelligent Systems Through Limited-Time Adaptation to Unseen Boards
Sundong Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09292 https://…

The Othello AI Arena: Evaluating Intelligent Systems Through Limited-Time Adaptation to Unseen Boards
The ability to rapidly adapt to novel and unforeseen environmental changes is a cornerstone of artificial general intelligence (AGI), yet it remains a critical blind spot in most existing AI benchmarks. Traditional evaluation largely focuses on optimizing performance within fixed environments, failing to assess systems' flexibility and generalization capabilities when faced with even subtle rule or structural modifications. Addressing this gap, I introduce the Othello AI Arena, a novel benchmar…

"The agency recently blocked users from accessing multiple websites and made password changes to an internet security tool in efforts to shore up its cyber posture"
FEMA begins security overhauls following cyber incident and employee firings

FEMA begins security overhauls following cyber incident and employee firings
The agency recently blocked users from accessing multiple websites and made password changes to an internet security tool in efforts to shore up its cyber posture, people familiar say.

Volume Polynomials and Log-concavity of the Characteristic Polynomials of Matroids
Eric Katz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08391 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.08…

Volume Polynomials and Log-concavity of the Characteristic Polynomials of Matroids
The Rota--Heron--Welsh conjecture (now a theorem of Adiprasito, Huh, and the author) asserts the log-concavity of the characteristic polynomial of matroids. We give an exposition of the Lorentzian polynomial proof following the work of Branden and Leake aimed at undergraduate and beginning graduate students.

How to Be Accountable to Yourself and Why It Matters
#integrity #MentalHealth

How to Be Accountable to Yourself and Why It Matters
What if the promises you make to yourself mattered just as much as the ones you make to others? Self-accountability starts with knowing your line and following through.

Sources: UK-based The Observer cuts casual staff, changes its production days, and significantly reduces pagination, following its sale to Tortoise in April (Alice Brooker/Press Gazette)
https://pressgazette.co.uk/news/observer-cuts-casual-s…

Observer cuts casual shifts amidst drop in pages for Sunday title
The Observer has made told its casual staff team there are "fewer shifts available" following its sale to Tortoise In April 2025.

Conjugated Capabilities: Interrelations of Elementary Human Capabilities and Their Implication on Human-Machine Task Allocation and Capability Testing Procedures
Nils Mandischer, Larissa F\"uller, Torsten Alles, Frank Flemisch, Lars Mikelsons
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07560

Conjugated Capabilities: Interrelations of Elementary Human Capabilities and Their Implication on Human-Machine Task Allocation and Capability Testing Procedures
Human and automation capabilities are the foundation of every human-autonomy interaction and interaction pattern. Therefore, machines need to understand the capacity and performance of human doing, and adapt their own behavior, accordingly. In this work, we address the concept of conjugated capabilities, i.e. capabilities that are dependent or interrelated and between which effort can be distributed. These may be used to overcome human limitations, by shifting effort from a deficient to a conju…

Exact Solutions for Bimodal Distributions under Stochastic Plasma Irradiation in Thin Films
Joel Saucedo, Uday Lamba, Hasitha Mahabaduge
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07268

Exact Solutions for Bimodal Distributions under Stochastic Plasma Irradiation in Thin Films
A persistent paradox complicates the study of plasma-irradiated thin films, where bimodal grain distributions and ambiguous scaling laws, roughly shifting between $Φ^{-1/2}$ and $Φ^{-1}$, or a general inverse dependence on plasma flux, are empirical yet remain theoretically unreconciled. Existing models fail to unify noise-driven evolution, defect saturation kinetics, and nucleation-loss balance within a single, self-consistent formalism. This work resolves these discrepancies by developing t…

„Made in Europe”? Bei Batterien ist das meist Fehlanzeige. 🪫🇪🇺
Laut einer Studie der Unternehmensberatung Deloitte war Europas Anteil an der weltweiten Batterieproduktion 2024 verschwindend gering: nur 13 Prozent – und selbst diese entfallen zum überwiegenden Teil auf Fabriken chinesischer und südkoreanischer Hersteller.
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