Tootfinder

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on KEXP's #WoPop
BALTHVS:
🎵 Mood Swing (Principles of Rhythm)
#BALTHVS
https://balthvs.bandcamp.com/album/mood-swing-principles-of-rhythm

Contrasting magnetic anisotropy in CrCl3 and CrBr3: A first-principles study
Jiazhuang Si, Shuyuan Liu, Bing Wang, Chongze Wang, Fengzhu Ren, Yu Jia, Jun-Hyung Cho
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13824

Contrasting magnetic anisotropy in CrCl3 and CrBr3: A first-principles study
We present a first-principles study of the contrasting easy magnetization axes(EMAs) in the layered chromium trihalides CrCl3 and CrBr3, which exhibit in-plane and out-of-plane EMAs, respectively. Using density-functional theory calculations, we show that the EMA is determined by the interplay between spin-orbit coupling-induced magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (SOC-MAE) and shape magnetic anisotropy energy(shape-MAE) arising from dipole-dipole interactions. While the Cr d orbitals contribu…

Is #AI really just dumb statistics? "Olympiad-level physics problem-solving presents a significant challenge for both humans and artificial intelligence (AI), as it requires a sophisticated integration of precise calculation, abstract reasoning, and a fundamental grasp of physical principles," says the (abstract of the) paper https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.10515: "The Chinese Physics Olympiad (CPhO), renowned for its complexity and depth, serves as an ideal and rigorous testbed for these advanced capabilities. In this paper, we introduce LOCA-R (LOgical Chain Augmentation for Reasoning), an improved version of the LOCA framework adapted for complex reasoning, and apply it to the CPhO 2025 theory examination. LOCA-R achieves a near-perfect score of 313 out of 320 points, solidly surpassing the highest-scoring human competitor and significantly outperforming all baseline methods." Oops ...?

Whole lotta Canadians swallowed their boycott-the-USA principles and may currently be found in Seattle.
#mlb

Deconstructing Attention: Investigating Design Principles for Effective Language Modeling
Huiyin Xue, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Nikolaos Aletras
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11602 htt…

Deconstructing Attention: Investigating Design Principles for Effective Language Modeling
The success of Transformer language models is widely credited to their dot-product attention mechanism, which interweaves a set of key design principles: mixing information across positions (enabling multi-token interactions), sequence-dependent activations (where attention weights adapt to each input), a specific mathematical form (dot-product similarities plus softmax weighting), and coupling of queries and keys to evolving hidden states (grounding attention in the current layer). However, th…

Time-dependent Variational Principles for Hybrid Non-Unitary Dynamics: Application to Driven-Dissipative Superconductors
Pasquale Filice, Marco Schir\`o, Giacomo Mazza
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12737 …

Time-dependent Variational Principles for Hybrid Non-Unitary Dynamics: Application to Driven-Dissipative Superconductors
We introduce time-dependent variational principles to study the non-unitary dynamics of open quantum many-body systems, including dynamics described by the full Lindblad master equation, the non-Hermitian dynamics corresponding to the no-click limit of the fully post-selected quantum trajectories, and the dynamics described by a hybrid Lindbladian with a control parameter $α$ which interpolates between the full post-selection and averaging over all quantum trajectories. As an application we st…

From Distributional to Quantile Neural Basis Models: the case of Electricity Price Forecasting
Alessandro Brusaferri, Danial Ramin, Andrea Ballarino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14113

From Distributional to Quantile Neural Basis Models: the case of Electricity Price Forecasting
While neural networks are achieving high predictive accuracy in multi-horizon probabilistic forecasting, understanding the underlying mechanisms that lead to feature-conditioned outputs remains a significant challenge for forecasters. In this work, we take a further step toward addressing this critical issue by introducing the Quantile Neural Basis Model, which incorporates the interpretability principles of Quantile Generalized Additive Models into an end-to-end neural network training framewo…

Phonon-assisted photoluminescence of bilayer MoS$_2$ from first principles
Gyanu P. Kafle, Zhen-Fei Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14200 https://arxiv.org/…

Phonon-assisted photoluminescence of bilayer MoS$_2$ from first principles
In indirect band gap materials, phonon-assisted processes are key mechanisms for photoluminescence (PL). Using a first-principles many-body approach, we systematically investigate the phonon-assisted PL in bilayer MoS$_2$ and its dependence on temperature and external tensile strain. The effects of phonons are accounted for using a supercell approach: we identify the phonon momenta that are important to PL, construct supercells that are commensurate with these phonons, and examine the changes i…

David Sacks says Anthropic is running a "regulatory capture strategy based on fear-mongering", responding to Anthropic co-founder Jack Clark's post on AI policy (Dave Lee/Bloomberg)

GuardianPWA: Enhancing Security Throughout the Progressive Web App Installation Lifecycle
Mengxiao Wang, Guofei Gu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13561 https://

GuardianPWA: Enhancing Security Throughout the Progressive Web App Installation Lifecycle
Progressive Web App (PWA) installation is critical for integrat- ing web and mobile app functionalities, offering a seamless user experience. However, ensuring the security of the PWA installa- tion lifecycle is essential for maintaining user trust and privacy. This paper introduces the GUARDIANPWA framework, a compre- hensive approach to analyzing the PWA installation mechanism based on the CIA security principles (Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability) and identifying areas where brows…

CogniAlign: Survivability-Grounded Multi-Agent Moral Reasoning for Safe and Transparent AI
Hasin Jawad Ali, Ilhamul Azam, Ajwad Abrar, Md. Kamrul Hasan, Hasan Mahmud
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13356

CogniAlign: Survivability-Grounded Multi-Agent Moral Reasoning for Safe and Transparent AI
The challenge of aligning artificial intelligence (AI) with human values persists due to the abstract and often conflicting nature of moral principles and the opacity of existing approaches. This paper introduces CogniAlign, a multi-agent deliberation framework based on naturalistic moral realism, that grounds moral reasoning in survivability, defined across individual and collective dimensions, and operationalizes it through structured deliberations among discipline-specific scientist agents. …

'Trump is inconsistent with Christian principles': why the Democratic party is seeing a rise of white clergy candidates (David Smith/The Guardian)
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2025/nov/15/christian-democrat-candidates-trump-republicans
http://www.memeorandum.com/251115/p60#a251115p60

Transverse momentum asymmetry in the semi-inclusive electron positron annihilation process
Weihua Yang, Xing-hua Yang, Zhe Zhang, Jing Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14011 http…

Transverse momentum asymmetry in the semi-inclusive electron positron annihilation process
Hadronization, a non-perturbative process, cannot be calculated from first principles. It can be investigated either by phenomenological models or by examining the behavior of produced hadrons or through fragmentation functions. These fragmentation functions are non-perturbative quantities whose determination relies entirely on experimental data. However, higher-twist fragmentation functions present significant challenges for their determination due to power suppression. In this paper, we propo…

There's a word at the beginning and end of Dawn of Everything that feels self-referential right now: Kairos.
> We began this book with a quote which refers to the Greek notion of kairos as one of those occasional moments in a society’s history when its frames of reference undergo a shift – a metamorphosis of the fundamental principles and symbols, when the lines between myth and history, science and magic become blurred – and, therefore, real change is possible. Philosophers sometimes like to speak of ‘the Event’ – a political revolution, a scientific discovery, an artistic masterpiece – that is, a breakthrough which reveals aspects of reality that had previously been unimaginable but, once seen, can never be unseen. If so, kairos is the kind of time in which Events are prone to happen.
> Societies around the world appear to be cascading towards such a point. This is particularly true of those which, since the First World War, have been in the habit of calling themselves ‘Western’. On the one hand, fundamental breakthroughs in the physical sciences, or even artistic expression, no longer seem to occur with anything like the regularity people came to expect in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Yet at the same time, our scientific means of understanding the past, not just our species’ past but that of our planet, has been advancing with dizzying speed. Scientists in 2020 are not (as readers of mid-twentieth-century science fiction might have hoped) encountering alien civilizations in distant star systems; but they are encountering radically different forms of society under their own feet, some forgotten and newly rediscovered, others more familiar, but now understood in entirely new ways.
Reading this as I write something very inspired by this work feels especially serendipitous, especially at this time. When they wrote the book, I think that kairos felt more serendipitous itself. But as the frequency of opportunity increases, the veil between realities feels more malleable... that perhaps we can poke a finger through and open a portal to a completely different future than the one we've felt locked into for such a long time.
https://anarchoccultism.org/building-zion/the-coordinated-swarm-lyhr

MSNBC splits off from NBC News to establish its own independent newsgathering operation across the US, after more than 29 years of association with NBC News (Tom Jones/Poynter)
https://www.poynter.org/commentary/2025/msbnc-rebrand-starts-today-code-princip…

Today is MSNBC’s first day apart from NBC. Here is its new code of principles. - Poynter
The new network’s 10 core principles emphasize fairness, accuracy, transparency and firm limits on AI

Principles of Safe AI Companions for Youth: Parent and Expert Perspectives
Yaman Yu, Mohi, Aishi Debroy, Xin Cao, Karen Rudolph, Yang Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11185 http…

Principles of Safe AI Companions for Youth: Parent and Expert Perspectives
AI companions are increasingly popular among teenagers, yet current platforms lack safeguards to address developmental risks and harmful normalization. Despite growing concerns, little is known about how parents and developmental psychology experts assess these interactions or what protections they consider necessary. We conducted 26 semi structured interviews with parents and experts, who reviewed real world youth GenAI companion conversation snippets. We found that stakeholders assessed risks…

Axial Hall Effect in Altermagnetic Lieb Lattices
Xilong Xu, Haonan Wang, Li Yang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13554 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.13554

Axial Hall Effect in Altermagnetic Lieb Lattices
We predict a so-called axial Hall effect, a Berry-curvature-driven anomalous Hall response, in Lieb-lattice altermagnets. By constructing a tight-binding model, we identify the axial direction as a hidden topological degree of freedom. Breaking the double degeneracy of axial symmetry generates substantial Berry curvature and induces a pronounced anomalous Hall conductivity. First-principles calculations further confirm the emergence of this effect in strained altermagnets, particularly in terna…

Machines are more productive than humans until they aren't, and vice versa
Riccardo Zanardelli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14057 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2…

Machines are more productive than humans until they aren't, and vice versa
With the growth of artificial skills, organizations may increasingly confront with the problem of optimizing skill policy decisions guided by economic principles. This paper addresses the underlying complexity of this challenge by developing an in-silico framework based on Monte Carlo simulations grounded in empirical realism to analyze the economic impact of human and machine skills, individually or jointly deployed, in the execution of tasks presenting varying levels of complexity. Our result…

"Netflix asks partners to consider the following guiding principles before leveraging GenAI in any creative workflow..."
https://simonwillison.net/2025/Nov/10/netflix/

Phase stability and structural properties of the K$_{x}$Ca$_{1-x}$N novel ferromagnetic alloy from first-principles
K. Larbaoui, A. Lakdja, G. Bassou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13728

Phase stability and structural properties of the K$_{x}$Ca$_{1-x}$N novel ferromagnetic alloy from first-principles
We study the structural properties and phase stability of the K$_{x}$Ca$_{1-x}$N alloy using the regular-solution model based on the total energy of the mixing. The pseudopotential approach was used along with PBE functional of Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE). We investigated the bond-lengths distribution as a function of composition $x$. We also predicted the phase separation of the two partially miscible components and calculated the enthalpy $ΔH$ using the interaction parameter $Ω$. We …

Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of Aluminum Up to 1000 eV: A First-Principles Prediction
Qianrui Liu, Xiantu He, Mohan Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10112 https://

Thermal and Electrical Conductivities of Aluminum Up to 1000 eV: A First-Principles Prediction
Accurate prediction of the thermal and electrical conductivities of materials under extremely high temperatures is essential in high-energy-density physics. These properties govern processes such as stellar core dynamics, planetary magnetic field generation, and laser-driven plasma evolution. However, first-principles methods like Kohn-Sham (KS) density functional theory (DFT) face challenges in predicting these properties due to prohibitively high computational costs. We propose a scheme that …

US CISA
Publication 3.12.2025
Principles for the Secure Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Operational Technology
https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/principles-secure-integration-artificial…

Quoting the Resonant Computing Manifesto.
Five principles for the future of computing: 
private, dedicated, plural, adaptable, and prosocial.
(I've signed.)
https://resonantcomputing.org/?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email

The Resonant Computing Manifesto
Technology should bring out the best in humanity, not the worst—a manifesto for resonant computing built on five principles that reject hyper-scale extraction for human flourishing.

A short, very sensible post on 'AI and trust: principles for automating responsibly' https://public.digital/pd-insights/blog/2025/10/ai-and-trust-principles-for-automating-responsibly

WaterFlow: Explicit Physics-Prior Rectified Flow for Underwater Saliency Mask Generation
Runting Li, Shijie Lian, Hua Li, Yutong Li, Wenhui Wu, Sam Kwong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12605

WaterFlow: Explicit Physics-Prior Rectified Flow for Underwater Saliency Mask Generation
Underwater Salient Object Detection (USOD) faces significant challenges, including underwater image quality degradation and domain gaps. Existing methods tend to ignore the physical principles of underwater imaging or simply treat degradation phenomena in underwater images as interference factors that must be eliminated, failing to fully exploit the valuable information they contain. We propose WaterFlow, a rectified flow-based framework for underwater salient object detection that innovatively…

Petition of Right, (1628)
was a petition sent by the English Parliament to King Charles I,
complaining of a series of breaches of law.
The petition sought recognition of four principles:
🔸no taxation without the consent of Parliament,
🔸no imprisonment without cause,
🔸no quartering of soldiers on subjects,
🔸and no martial law in peacetime.
After dismissing his second Parliament,
Charles imposed a "forced loan", an effective tax wh…

The Republicans finally realize how hot the water's getting...
House members release bipartisan 'principles' for extending Obamacare subsidies
https://www.yahoo.com/news/articles/house-members-release-bipartisan-principles-214155823.html

For any political party with principles around LBGTQ , freedom of speech etc , X, Whatsapp and Facebook are no longer platforms for discussion. Everybody should leave, there are better alternatives. Many people find it difficult however, also in my own party (D66, Netherlands).

Meta shuts down global accounts linked to abortion advice and queer content
More than 50 organisations report sites being restricted or removed, with abortion hotlines blocked and posts showing non-explicit nudity triggering warnings

Certain results on selection principles associated with bornological structure in topological spaces
Debraj Chandra, Subhankar Das, Nur Alam
https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.04038 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.04038 https://arxiv.org/html/2511.04038
arXiv:2511.04038v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: We study selection principles related to bornological covers in a topological space $X$ following the work of Aurichi et al., 2019, where selection principles have been investigated in the function space $C_\mathfrak{B}(X)$ endowed with the topology $\tau_\mathfrak{B}$ of uniform convergence on bornology $\mathfrak{B}$. We show equivalences among certain selection principles and present some game theoretic observations involving bornological covers. We investigate selection principles on the product space $X^n$ equipped with the product bornolgy $\mathfrak{B}^n$, $n\in \omega$. Considering the cardinal invariants such as the unbounding number ($\mathfrak{b}$), dominating numbers ($\mathfrak{d}$), pseudointersection numbers ($\mathfrak{p}$) etc., we establish connections between the cardinality of base of a bornology with certain selection principles. Finally, we investigate some variations of the tightness properties of $C_\mathfrak{B}(X)$ and present their characterizations in terms of selective bornological covering properties of $X$.
toXiv_bot_toot

Robot Learning: A Tutorial
Francesco Capuano, Caroline Pascal, Adil Zouitine, Thomas Wolf, Michel Aractingi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12403 https://arxiv.…

Robot Learning: A Tutorial
Robot learning is at an inflection point, driven by rapid advancements in machine learning and the growing availability of large-scale robotics data. This shift from classical, model-based methods to data-driven, learning-based paradigms is unlocking unprecedented capabilities in autonomous systems. This tutorial navigates the landscape of modern robot learning, charting a course from the foundational principles of Reinforcement Learning and Behavioral Cloning to generalist, language-conditione…

Towards Engineering Multi-Agent LLMs: A Protocol-Driven Approach
Zhenyu Mao, Jacky Keung, Fengji Zhang, Shuo Liu, Yifei Wang, Jialong Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12120 https:/…

Towards Engineering Multi-Agent LLMs: A Protocol-Driven Approach
The increasing demand for software development has driven interest in automating software engineering (SE) tasks using Large Language Models (LLMs). Recent efforts extend LLMs into multi-agent systems (MAS) that emulate collaborative development workflows, but these systems often fail due to three core deficiencies: under-specification, coordination misalignment, and inappropriate verification, arising from the absence of foundational SE structuring principles. This paper introduces Software En…

Putin says he will stick to 'principles' discussed with Trump in talks on Ukraine: https://benborges.xyz/2025/10/10/putin-says-he-will-stick.html

🌿 Oxford’s TIDE Centre launches the Nature’s Intelligence Studio at #COP30 — turning 3.4 billion years of evolution into solutions for today’s climate and energy challenges. Innovation inspired by the Amazon, for the planet. 🌍✨

Oxford's TIDE Centre launches Nature’s Intelligence Studio at COP30 | University of Oxford
The University of Oxford’s TIDE Centre (Technology and Industrialisation for Development Centre) has launched the Nature’s Intelligence Studio, a new programme to translate principles observed in biological systems into technologies that support the energy transition and wider sustainability goals, while ensuring fair benefit-sharing with communities in biodiverse regions.

Design Principles for Sequence Models via Coefficient Dynamics
Jerome Sieber, Antonio Orvieto, Melanie N. Zeilinger, Carmen Amo Alonso
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09389 https://

Design Principles for Sequence Models via Coefficient Dynamics
Deep sequence models, ranging from Transformers and State Space Models (SSMs) to more recent approaches such as gated linear RNNs, fundamentally compute outputs as linear combinations of past value vectors. To draw insights and systematically compare such architectures, we develop a unified framework that makes this output operation explicit, by casting the linear combination coefficients as the outputs of autonomous linear dynamical systems driven by impulse inputs. This viewpoint, in spirit s…

Imagine having principles that you adhere to and that don't change just because of who's in political power

Origin of pressure-flow non-linearity in two-phase intermittent flow in porous media
Paolo Botticini, Davide Picchi, Santanu Sinha, Alex Hansen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12588 …

Origin of pressure-flow non-linearity in two-phase intermittent flow in porous media
This study presents a first-principles model to predict the two-phase pressure drop in gas-liquid intermittent flow through round capillaries, which serve as the simplest analogous of a porous medium. Building upon the classical capillary flow theory, we derive a model for a train of elongated bubbles, and rigorously quantify its validity in terms of the dimensionless parameters of the problem (capillary number, number of bubbles, gas volume fraction, and channel length-to-diameter ratio). The …

Today is MSNBC's first day apart from NBC. Here is its new code of principles. (Tom Jones/Poynter)
https://www.poynter.org/commentary/2025/msbnc-rebrand-starts-today-code-principles/
http://www.memeorandum.com/251006/p86#a251006p86

Replaced article(s) found for cs.MA. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.MA/new
[1/1]:
- Agent-Based Modelling for Real-World Stock Markets under Behavioral Economic Principles
He, Zhu, Lu, Xu, Liu, Liu, Lin, Chan, Bian

Transforming Tarlac State University (TSU) Gymnasium to a Nearly Zero-Energy Building through Integration of a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) System
Rafael R. Yumul, Enalyn T. Domingo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10552

Transforming Tarlac State University (TSU) Gymnasium to a Nearly Zero-Energy Building through Integration of a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) System
The study is anchored to the principles of Nearly-Zero Energy Building (NZEB). It aimed to transform the Tarlac State University Gymnasium into a facility with energy-efficient equipment to contribute to reducing carbon footprints by integrating a solar PV system as its renewable energy source. The researchers found out that the electrical infrastructure of the Gym was outdated, and the lighting was not energy efficient, and there were too few convenience or power outlets. There was also insuff…

New White House guidance says AI models procured by federal agencies must have "unbiased AI principles" and ensure "truth-seeking" and "ideological neutrality" (Maria Curi/Axios)
https://www.axios.com/2025/12/11/white-house-woke-ai…

White House issues federal agency guidance against "woke" AI
The Trump administration released guidance for federal agencies to try to ensure that the AI models they buy aren't spitting out "woke" responses.

Method to search for the triple-neutron state in an electron scattering experiment
Tianhao Shao, Jinhui Chen, Yu-Gang Ma, Josef Pochodzalla
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11731 http…

Method to search for the triple-neutron state in an electron scattering experiment
An electron scattering experiment to search for the trineutron state $^3n$ by reaction ${\rm ^4He}(e,~e'pπ^{+})^{3}n$ is designed for the A1 facility at Mainzer Microtron. The detailed principles, setup, and simulation of this experiment are presented. With the momenta of the scattered electron, the produced proton and $π^+$ from the reaction measured by three spectrometers with their triple coincidence, the missing mass spectrum of $^3n$ can be obtained. The production rate of $^3n$ based on…

Fine-grained Analysis of Brain-LLM Alignment through Input Attribution
Michela Proietti, Roberto Capobianco, Mariya Toneva
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12355 https://

Fine-grained Analysis of Brain-LLM Alignment through Input Attribution
Understanding the alignment between large language models (LLMs) and human brain activity can reveal computational principles underlying language processing. We introduce a fine-grained input attribution method to identify the specific words most important for brain-LLM alignment, and leverage it to study a contentious research question about brain-LLM alignment: the relationship between brain alignment (BA) and next-word prediction (NWP). Our findings reveal that BA and NWP rely on largely dis…

Massive Gauge Theories from Consistency Conditions of Amplitudes
Junmou Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09003 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.09003

Massive Gauge Theories from Consistency Conditions of Amplitudes
Based on the general principles of Lorentz symmetry and unitary, we introduce two consistency conditions -- on-shell gauge symmetry and strong massive-massless continuation -- in constructing amplitudes of massive gauge theory with elementary particles. In particular we argue on-shell gauge symmtry can be understood as a consequence of Lorentz symmetry, through mixture of a spin-1 block ands a spin-0 block with degnerate mass spectrum. Based on the two conditions, combined with the little group…

From Principles to Practice: A Systematic Study of LLM Serving on Multi-core NPUs
Tianhao Zhu, Dahu Feng, Erhu Feng, Yubin Xia
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05632 https://

From Principles to Practice: A Systematic Study of LLM Serving on Multi-core NPUs
With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), the demand for high-performance LLM inference services continues to grow. To meet this demand, a growing number of AI accelerators have been proposed, such as Google TPU, Huawei NPU, Graphcore IPU, and Cerebras WSE, etc. Most of these accelerators adopt multi-core architectures to achieve enhanced scalability, but lack the flexibility of SIMT architectures. Therefore, without careful configuration of the hardware architecture, as wel…

Tidy Modeling with R: #rstats #machinelearning

Tidy Modeling with R
The tidymodels framework is a collection of R packages for modeling and machine learning using tidyverse principles. This book provides a thorough introduction to how to use tidymodels, and an outline of good methodology and statistical practice for phases of the modeling process.

$h$-Principles for smooth curves and knots with prescribed curvature
Mohammad Ghomi, Matteo Raffaelli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05275 https://arxiv.org/pd…

$h$-Principles for smooth curves and knots with prescribed curvature
We show that smooth curves with prescribed curvature satisfy a $C^1$-dense $h$-principle in the space of immersed curves in Euclidean space. More precisely, every $C^{α\geq 2}$ curve with nonvanishing curvature in $R^{n\geq 3}$ can be $C^1$-approximated by $C^α$ curves of any larger curvature, prescribed as a function of arclength. It follows that there exist $C^\infty$ knots of prescribed curvature in every isotopy class of closed curves embedded in $R^3$.

Non-Hermitian Bethe-Salpeter Equation for Open Systems: Emergence of Exceptional Points in Excitonic Spectra from First Principles
Zhenlin Zhang, Wei Hu, Enrico Perfetto, Gianluca Stefanucci
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09386

Non-Hermitian Bethe-Salpeter Equation for Open Systems: Emergence of Exceptional Points in Excitonic Spectra from First Principles
In open quantum systems hosting excitons, dissipation mechanisms critically shape the excitonic dynamics, band-structure and topological properties. A microscopic understanding of excitons in such non-Hermitian settings demands a first-principles generalization of the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE). Building on a recently introduced nonequilibrium Green's function formalism compatible with Lindbladian dynamics, we derive a non-Hermitian BSE from diagrammatic perturbation theory on the Keldysh co…

Superconductivity in monolayer-trilayer phase of La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ under high pressure
Chaoxin Huang, Jingyuan Li, Xing Huang, Hengyuan Zhang, Deyuan Hu, Mengwu Huo, Xiang Chen, Zhen Chen, Hualei Sun, Meng Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12250

Superconductivity in monolayer-trilayer phase of La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ under high pressure
The discovery of 80 K superconductivity in pressurized bilayer Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) nickelate La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ has established a new high-temperature superconductor family. The quest to understand the governing principles of RP nickelate superconductivity has become a central focus in condensed matter physics. Here, we report a critical advance by synthesizing and investigating a distinct structural polymorph of the same compound: the monolayer-trilayer (1313) hybrid phase of La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_…

Preserving Core Structures of Social Networks via Information Guided Multi-Step Graph Pruning
Yutong Hu, Bingxin Zhou, Jing Wang, Weishu Zhao, Liang Hong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10499

Preserving Core Structures of Social Networks via Information Guided Multi-Step Graph Pruning
Social networks often contain dense and overlapping connections that obscure their essential interaction patterns, making analysis and interpretation challenging. Identifying the structural backbone of such networks is crucial for understanding community organization, information flow, and functional relationships. This study introduces a multi-step network pruning framework that leverages principles from information theory to balance structural complexity and task-relevant information. The fra…

Lovely article about the magic of physical #books in Asterisk Magazine:
> Kalman is exquisitely attuned to the magic of physical books. In fact, she includes the instructions and ingredients for another type of spell in The Principles of Uncertainty.
>
> Attached on a perforated edge is a folded map of the world, drawn by her mother. “Either put it on the wall,” suggests…

The Message in the Medium—Asterisk
A love story told in books.

Macroeconomic Forecasting and Machine Learning
Ta-Chung Chi (Kevin), Ting-Han Fan (Kevin), Raffaele M. Ghigliazza (Kevin), Domenico Giannone (Kevin), Zixuan (Kevin), Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11008

Macroeconomic Forecasting and Machine Learning
We forecast the full conditional distribution of macroeconomic outcomes by systematically integrating three key principles: using high-dimensional data with appropriate regularization, adopting rigorous out-of-sample validation procedures, and incorporating nonlinearities. By exploiting the rich information embedded in a large set of macroeconomic and financial predictors, we produce accurate predictions of the entire profile of macroeconomic risk in real time. Our findings show that regulariza…

PACEbench: A Framework for Evaluating Practical AI Cyber-Exploitation Capabilities
Zicheng Liu, Lige Huang, Jie Zhang, Dongrui Liu, Yuan Tian, Jing Shao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11688

PACEbench: A Framework for Evaluating Practical AI Cyber-Exploitation Capabilities
The increasing autonomy of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates a rigorous evaluation of their potential to aid in cyber offense. Existing benchmarks often lack real-world complexity and are thus unable to accurately assess LLMs' cybersecurity capabilities. To address this gap, we introduce PACEbench, a practical AI cyber-exploitation benchmark built on the principles of realistic vulnerability difficulty, environmental complexity, and cyber defenses. Specifically, PACEbench comprises four…

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on #BBC6Music's #GillesPeterson
Universal Principles:
🎵 Inspirational Breaks
#UniversalPrinciples
https://open.spotify.com/track/2z8huQ566ZufNKzYDbTXsV

From variational principles to geometry
Jordi Gaset Rif\`a
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.22171 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.22171…

From variational principles to geometry
A method to construct a geometric structure with the same solutions as a given variational principle is presented. The method applies to large families of variational principles. In particular, the known results that assign cosymplectic geometry to Hamilton's principle and cocontact geometry to Herglotz's principle for regular Lagrangians are recovered. The unified Lagrangian-Hamiltonian formalism is also recovered via the absorption of the holonomy conditions. The method is applied to singular…

Concept-Based Generic Programming in C
Bjarne Stroustrup
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08969 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.08969…

Concept-Based Generic Programming in C++
We present programming techniques to illustrate the facilities and principles of C++ generic programming using concepts. Concepts are C++'s way to express constraints on generic code. As an initial example, we provide a simple type system that eliminates narrowing conversions and provides range checking without unnecessary notational or run-time overheads. Concepts are used throughout to provide user-defined extensions to the type system. The aim is to show their utility and the fundamental ide…

An inexact semismooth Newton-Krylov method for semilinear elliptic optimal control problem
Shiqi Chen, Xuesong Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.10058 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2511.10058 https://arxiv.org/html/2511.10058
arXiv:2511.10058v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: An inexact semismooth Newton method has been proposed for solving semi-linear elliptic optimal control problems in this paper. This method incorporates the generalized minimal residual (GMRES) method, a type of Krylov subspace method, to solve the Newton equations and utilizes nonmonotonic line search to adjust the iteration step size. The original problem is reformulated into a nonlinear equation through variational inequality principles and discretized using a second-order finite difference scheme. By leveraging slanting differentiability, the algorithm constructs semismooth Newton directions and employs GMRES method to inexactly solve the Newton equations, significantly reducing computational overhead. A dynamic nonmonotonic line search strategy is introduced to adjust stepsizes adaptively, ensuring global convergence while overcoming local stagnation. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the algorithm achieves superlinear convergence near optimal solutions when the residual control parameter $\eta_k$ approaches to 0. Numerical experiments validate the method's accuracy and efficiency in solving semilinear elliptic optimal control problems, corroborating theoretical insights.
toXiv_bot_toot

BIFROST: A First-Principles Model of Polarization Mode Dispersion in Optical Fiber
Patrick R. Banner, Steven L. Rolston, Joseph W. Britton
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.01212 https…

BIFROST: A First-Principles Model of Polarization Mode Dispersion in Optical Fiber
We present BIFROST, a first-principles model of polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in optical fibers. Unlike conventional models, BIFROST employs physically motivated representations of the PMD properties of fibers, allowing users to computationally investigate real-world fibers in ways that are connected to physical parameters such as environmental temperature and external stresses. Our model, implemented in an open-source Python module, incorporates birefringence from core geometry, material …

Thought: Philosophical arguments are like financial leverage. With them, you can bet on modest-seeming intuitive principles and come out with grand statements about the nature of the universe. But if your principles are even slightly wrong, your conclusions will be extremely wrong.

Generating CodeMeta using declarative mapping rules: An open-ended approach using ShExML
Herminio Garc\'ia-Gonz\'alez
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09172 https://

Generating CodeMeta using declarative mapping rules: An open-ended approach using ShExML
Nowadays, software is one of the cornerstones when conducting research in several scientific fields which employ computer-based methodologies to answer new research questions. However, for these experiments to be completely reproducible, research software should comply with the FAIR principles, yet its metadata can be represented following different data models and spread across different locations. In order to bring some cohesion to the field, CodeMeta was proposed as a vocabulary to represent…

Effect of stochastic kicks on primordial black hole abundance and mass via the compaction function
Sami Raatikainen, Syksy Rasanen, Eemeli Tomberg
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09303

Effect of stochastic kicks on primordial black hole abundance and mass via the compaction function
We study stochastic effects in viable ultra-slow-roll inflation models that produce primordial black holes. We consider asteroid, solar, and supermassive black hole seed masses. In each case, we simulate $10^8$ patches of the universe that may collapse into PBHs. In every patch, we follow $4\times10^4$ momentum shells to construct its spherically symmetric profile from first principles, without introducing a window function. We include the effects of critical collapse and the radiation era tran…

omg this could be so great. The guy responsible for “Liquid Glass” is gone from Apple. Maybe in the coming years we’ll see a retreat from this very bad design style from MacOS & iOS and a refocusing on good UI principles. https://mastodon.social/@daringfireball/115659146746706644

omg this could be so great. The guy responsible for “Liquid Glass” is gone from Apple. Maybe in the coming years we’ll see a retreat from this very bad design style from MacOS & iOS and a refocusing on good UI principles. https://mastodon.social/@daringfireball/115659146746706644

A Geomechanically-Informed Framework for Wellbore Trajectory Prediction: Integrating First-Principles Kinematics with a Rigorous Derivation of Gated Recurrent Networks
Shubham Kumar, Anshuman Sahoo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07564

A Geomechanically-Informed Framework for Wellbore Trajectory Prediction: Integrating First-Principles Kinematics with a Rigorous Derivation of Gated Recurrent Networks
Accurate wellbore trajectory prediction is a paramount challenge in subsurface engineering, governed by complex interactions between the drilling assembly and heterogeneous geological formations. This research establishes a comprehensive, mathematically rigorous framework for trajectory prediction that moves beyond empirical modeling to a geomechanically-informed, data-driven surrogate approach.The study leverages Log ASCII Standard (LAS) and wellbore deviation (DEV) data from 14 wells in the G…

Demystifying Reinforcement Learning in Agentic Reasoning
Zhaochen Yu, Ling Yang, Jiaru Zou, Shuicheng Yan, Mengdi Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11701 https://

Demystifying Reinforcement Learning in Agentic Reasoning
Recently, the emergence of agentic RL has showcased that RL could also effectively improve the agentic reasoning ability of LLMs, yet the key design principles and optimal practices remain unclear. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive and systematic investigation to demystify reinforcement learning in agentic reasoning from three key perspectives: data, algorithm, and reasoning mode. We highlight our key insights: (i) Replacing stitched synthetic trajectories with real end-to-end tool-use t…

Set Contribution Functions for Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation and their Principles
Filip Naudot, Andreas Br\"annstr\"om, Vicen\c{c} Torra, Timotheus Kampik
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14963

Set Contribution Functions for Quantitative Bipolar Argumentation and their Principles
We present functions that quantify the contribution of a set of arguments in quantitative bipolar argumentation graphs to (the final strength of) an argument of interest, a so-called topic. Our set contribution functions are generalizations of existing functions that quantify the contribution of a single contributing argument to a topic. Accordingly, we generalize existing contribution function principles for set contribution functions and provide a corresponding principle-based analysis. We in…

High-dimensional Analysis of Synthetic Data Selection
Parham Rezaei, Filip Kovacevic, Francesco Locatello, Marco Mondelli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08123 https://

High-dimensional Analysis of Synthetic Data Selection
Despite the progress in the development of generative models, their usefulness in creating synthetic data that improve prediction performance of classifiers has been put into question. Besides heuristic principles such as "synthetic data should be close to the real data distribution", it is actually not clear which specific properties affect the generalization error. Our paper addresses this question through the lens of high-dimensional regression. Theoretically, we show that, for linear models…

Learning Hanzi Character Through VR-Based Mortise-Tenon
Conglin Ma, Jiatong Li, Sen-Zhe Xu, Ju Dai, Jie Liu, Feng Zhou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.11264 https://

Learning Hanzi Character Through VR-Based Mortise-Tenon
This paper introduces a novel VR-based system that redefines the acquisition of Hanzi character literacy by integrating traditional mortise-tenon joinery principles (HVRMT).Addressing the challenge of abstract character memorization in digital learning,our system deconstructs Hanzi components into interactive "structural radicals"akin to wooden joint modules.Leveraging PICO's 6DoF spatial tracking and LLM's morphological analysis,learners assemble stroke sequences with haptic feedback simulatin…

Operationalizing AI: Empirical Evidence on MLOps Practices, User Satisfaction, and Organizational Context
Stefan Pasch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09968 https://

Operationalizing AI: Empirical Evidence on MLOps Practices, User Satisfaction, and Organizational Context
Organizational efforts to utilize and operationalize artificial intelligence (AI) are often accompanied by substantial challenges, including scalability, maintenance, and coordination across teams. In response, the concept of Machine Learning Operations (MLOps) has emerged as a set of best practices that integrate software engineering principles with the unique demands of managing the ML lifecycle. Yet, empirical evidence on whether and how these practices support users in developing and operat…

Walking, Rolling, and Beyond: First-Principles and RL Locomotion on a TARS-Inspired Robot
Aditya Sripada, Abhishek Warrier
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05001 https://

Walking, Rolling, and Beyond: First-Principles and RL Locomotion on a TARS-Inspired Robot
Robotic locomotion research typically draws from biologically inspired leg designs, yet many human-engineered settings can benefit from non-anthropomorphic forms. TARS3D translates the block-shaped 'TARS' robot from Interstellar into a 0.25 m, 0.99 kg research platform with seven actuated degrees of freedom. The film shows two primary gaits: a bipedal-like walk and a high-speed rolling mode. For TARS3D, we build reduced-order models for each, derive closed-form limit-cycle conditions, and valid…

$\beta$-Ga$_2$O$_3$(001) surface reconstructions from first principles and experiment
Konstantin Lion, Piero Mazzolini, Kingsley Egbo, Toni Markurt, Oliver Bierwagen, Martin Albrecht, Claudia Draxl
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09233

$β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$(001) surface reconstructions from first principles and experiment
We present a comprehensive investigation of reconstructions on $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$(001) combining first-principles calculations with experimental observations. Using {\it ab initio} atomistic thermodynamics and replica-exchange grand-canonical molecular dynamics simulations, we explore the configurational space of possible reconstructions under varying chemical potentials of oxygen and gallium. Our calculations reveal several stable surface reconstructions, most notably a previously unreported 1$\…

Responsible AI Adoption in the Public Sector: A Data-Centric Taxonomy of AI Adoption Challenges
Anastasija Nikiforova, Martin Lnenicka, Ulf Melin, David Valle-Cruz, Asif Gill, Cesar Casiano Flores, Emyana Sirait, Mariusz Luterek, Richard Michael Dreyling, Barbora Tesarova
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09634

Responsible AI Adoption in the Public Sector: A Data-Centric Taxonomy of AI Adoption Challenges
Despite Artificial Intelligence (AI) transformative potential for public sector services, decision-making, and administrative efficiency, adoption remains uneven due to complex technical, organizational, and institutional challenges. Responsible AI frameworks emphasize fairness, accountability, and transparency, aligning with principles of trustworthy AI and fair AI, yet remain largely aspirational, overlooking technical and institutional realities, especially foundational data and governance. …

On the one hand, it does little to accuse the MAGA right of hypocrisy,
because they expressly reject moral and logical consistency,
aiming only for dominance and retribution.
On the other, it’s worth examining the way they bamboozled a majority of Americans into
believing conservatives are simply fighting for the principles of free expression and intellectual diversity.
The key to understanding this is recognizing how the right worked around the limitations …

State Universities Are Scrambling to Appease the Bigoted MAGA Regime
From Oklahoma to Indiana to Alabama, state schools are bending over backward—suspending student magazines and even disciplining instructors—to preemptively satisfy the Trump administration.

Language Models Model Language
{\L}ukasz Borchmann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12766 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.12766

Language Models Model Language
Linguistic commentary on LLMs, heavily influenced by the theoretical frameworks of de Saussure and Chomsky, is often speculative and unproductive. Critics challenge whether LLMs can legitimately model language, citing the need for "deep structure" or "grounding" to achieve an idealized linguistic "competence." We argue for a radical shift in perspective towards the empiricist principles of Witold Mańczak, a prominent general and historical linguist. He defines language not as a "system of sign…

Insights into the OER, ORR, and HER Activity of a New MXene-Family SnSiGeN4 Photocatalyst for Water Splitting: A First-Principles Study
Chhatra Bahadur Subba, Bhanu Chettri, Amel Laref, Zeesham Abbas, Amna Parveen, Dibya Prakash Rai, Zaithanzauva Pachuau
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09538

Insights into the OER, ORR, and HER Activity of a New MXene-Family SnSiGeN4 Photocatalyst for Water Splitting: A First-Principles Study
The development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts for clean energy conversion remains a central challenge in materials science. Although platinum serves as the benchmark catalyst, its scarcity and high cost hinder large-scale deployment. In this study, we propose a newly predicted SnSiGeN4 MXene-family monolayer as a promising candidate for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Using first-principles calculations, we…

Measuring What Matters: Connecting AI Ethics Evaluations to System Attributes, Hazards, and Harms
Shalaleh Rismani, Renee Shelby, Leah Davis, Negar Rostamzadeh, AJung Moon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10339

Measuring What Matters: Connecting AI Ethics Evaluations to System Attributes, Hazards, and Harms
Over the past decade, an ecosystem of measures has emerged to evaluate the social and ethical implications of AI systems, largely shaped by high-level ethics principles. These measures are developed and used in fragmented ways, without adequate attention to how they are situated in AI systems. In this paper, we examine how existing measures used in the computing literature map to AI system components, attributes, hazards, and harms. Our analysis draws on a scoping review resulting in nearly 800…

This is what I do. Do you?
1: Think first, AI second 
2: Use AI as a coach, not a cheerleader 
3: Engineer productive friction 
Details here:
https://every.to/p/think-first-ai-second?ph_email=gfriend@natlogic.com

Think First, AI Second
Three principles for keeping your cognitive edge while leveraging AI's capabilities

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on #KEXP's #JazzTheatre
Sean Wolcott:
🎵 Principles of Industrial Harmony
#SeanWolcott
https://seanwolcott.bandcamp.com/track/principles-of-industrial-harmony
https://open.spotify.com/track/3BzeEeH63EuPYnieL7kFMS

MAGA influencer Benny Johnson's job is to have no principles. Business is booming. (Matt Gertz/Media Matters for America)
https://www.mediamatters.org/benny-johnson/maga-influencer-benny-johnsons-job-have-no-principles-business-booming
http://www.memeorandum.com/251125/p41#a251125p41

Heptapod: Language Modeling on Visual Signals
Yongxin Zhu, Jiawei Chen, Yuanzhe Chen, Zhuo Chen, Dongya Jia, Jian Cong, Xiaobin Zhuang, Yuping Wang, Yuxuan Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06673

Heptapod: Language Modeling on Visual Signals
We introduce Heptapod, an image autoregressive model that adheres to the foundational principles of language modeling. Heptapod employs \textbf{causal attention}, \textbf{eliminates reliance on CFG}, and \textbf{eschews the trend of semantic tokenizers}. Our key innovation is \textit{next 2D distribution prediction}: a causal Transformer with reconstruction-focused visual tokenizer, learns to predict the distribution over the entire 2D spatial grid of images at each timestep. This learning obje…

Assurance of Frontier AI Built for National Security
Matteo Pistillo, Charlotte Stix
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08792 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.08792

Assurance of Frontier AI Built for National Security
This memorandum presents four recommendations aimed at strengthening the principles of AI model reliability and AI model governability, as DoW, ODNI, NIST, and CAISI refine AI assurance frameworks under the AI Action Plan. Our focus concerns the open scientific problem of misalignment and its implications on AI model behavior. Specifically, misalignment and scheming capabilities can be a red flag indicating AI model insufficient reliability and governability. To address the national security th…

🇺🇦 #NowPlaying on #BBC6Music's #6MusicsRaveForever
Alex Reece:
🎵 Basic Principles (Alex Reece Reprieve)
#AlexReece
https://metalheadz.bandcamp.com/album/met003rx-basic-principles-remixes

Localized states of BFSS super quantum mechanics
Oscar J. C. Dias, Jorge E. Santos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07379 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.07379…

Localized states of BFSS super quantum mechanics
We analyze the recently discovered localized and non-uniform phases of the Banks-Fischler-Shenker-Susskind (BFSS) matrix quantum mechanics. Building on [1], we provide first-principles derivations of their properties and extend the results with new analytic and numerical insights. We show that strongly coupled BFSS dynamics emerge from a specific Carrollian transformation of 11-dimensional supergravity, which we justify in detail. In this framework, the uniform BFSS phase corresponds to a black…

Efficient Hyperparameter Tuning via Trajectory Invariance Principle
Bingrui Li, Jiaxin Wen, Zhanpeng Zhou, Jun Zhu, Jianfei Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.25049 https://…

Efficient Hyperparameter Tuning via Trajectory Invariance Principle
As hyperparameter tuning becomes increasingly costly at scale, efficient tuning methods are essential. Yet principles for guiding hyperparameter tuning remain limited. In this work, we seek to establish such principles by considering a broad range of hyperparameters, including batch size, learning rate, and weight decay. We identify a phenomenon we call trajectory invariance, where pre-training loss curves, gradient noise, and gradient norm exhibit invariance--closely overlapping--with respect …

Quasiparticle effects and strong excitonic features in exfoliable 1D semiconducting materials
Simone Grillo, Chiara Cignarella, Friedhelm Bechstedt, Paola Gori, Maurizia Palummo, Davide Campi, Nicola Marzari, Olivia Pulci
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09194

Quasiparticle effects and strong excitonic features in exfoliable 1D semiconducting materials
We report a comprehensive first-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of recently identified exfoliable one-dimensional semiconducting materials, focusing on chalcogenide-based atomic chains derived from van der Waals-bonded bulk crystals. Specifically, we investigate covalently bonded S3 and Te3 chains, and polar-bonded As2S3 and Bi2Te3 chains, using a fully first-principles approach that combines density-functional theory (DFT), density-functional perturbation theory (DFPT…

Airy: Reading Robot Intent through Height and Sky
Baoyang Chen, Xian Xu, Huamin Qu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.08381 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.08381…

Airy: Reading Robot Intent through Height and Sky
As industrial robots move into shared human spaces, their opaque decision making threatens safety, trust, and public oversight. This artwork, Airy, asks whether complex multi agent AI can become intuitively understandable by staging a competition between two reinforcement trained robot arms that snap a bedsheet skyward. Building on three design principles, competition as a clear metric (who lifts higher), embodied familiarity (audiences recognize fabric snapping), and sensor to sense mapping (r…

From Condensation to Rank Collapse: A Two-Stage Analysis of Transformer Training Dynamics
Zheng-An Chen, Tao Luo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06954 https://a…

From Condensation to Rank Collapse: A Two-Stage Analysis of Transformer Training Dynamics
Although transformer-based models have shown exceptional empirical performance, the fundamental principles governing their training dynamics are inadequately characterized beyond configuration-specific studies. Inspired by empirical evidence showing improved reasoning capabilities under small initialization scales in language models, we employ the gradient flow analytical framework established in [Zhou et al. NeurIPS 2022] to systematically investigate linearized Transformer training dynamics. …

Unveiling the physical attributes of CdGa2Te4 and ZnGa2Te4 compounds: A first-principles study for next-generation photovoltaics
Md Hasan Shahriar Rifat, Tanvir Khan, Md Arafat Hossain Shourov, Md Sahat Bin Sayed, Md Saiful Islam
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05424

Unveiling the physical attributes of CdGa2Te4 and ZnGa2Te4 compounds: A first-principles study for next-generation photovoltaics
The electronic and optical properties of CdGa2Te4 and ZnGa2Te4 were studied using first-principles DFT calculations. Band gaps were calculated using the GGA-PBESol functional. Both materials show promise for photovoltaic applications because of their large, near-unity absorption efficiencies (10^4 cm^-1) in the visible region. They exhibit low exciton binding energies (18.85-26.81 meV), large Bohr radii (23-34.3 Angstrom), and moderate exciton temperatures (218-311 K), which are favorable for p…

Controlling Magnetism in the 2D van der Waals Antiferromagnet CrPS$_4$ via Ion Intercalation
Alberto M. Ruiz, Diego L\'opez-Alcal\'a, Gonzalo Rivero-Carracedo, Andrei Shumilin, Jos\'e J. Baldov\'i
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12371

Controlling Magnetism in the 2D van der Waals Antiferromagnet CrPS$_4$ via Ion Intercalation
Two-dimensional van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials are versatile platforms for tailoring electronic and magnetic properties, in which the insertion of chemical species into their interlayer gaps offers a powerful route to engineer magnetism. Here, we focus on the A-type antiferromagnetic semiconductor CrPS$_4$ (T$_N$ = 38 K) and investigate its electronic and magnetic properties upon intercalation of lithium (Li$^+$) and organic tetrabutylammonium (TBA$^+$) ions using first-principles calcu…

Uncertainty in Machine Learning
Hans Weytjens, Wouter Verbeke
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.06007 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.06007

Uncertainty in Machine Learning
This book chapter introduces the principles and practical applications of uncertainty quantification in machine learning. It explains how to identify and distinguish between different types of uncertainty and presents methods for quantifying uncertainty in predictive models, including linear regression, random forests, and neural networks. The chapter also covers conformal prediction as a framework for generating predictions with predefined confidence intervals. Finally, it explores how uncerta…

Magnetotransport in Topological Materials and Nonlinear Hall Effect via First-Principles Electronic Interactions and Band Topology
Dhruv C. Desai, Lauren A. Tan, Jin-Jian Zhou, Shiyu Peng, Jinsoo Park, Marco Bernardi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07585

Magnetotransport in Topological Materials and Nonlinear Hall Effect via First-Principles Electronic Interactions and Band Topology
Topological effects arising from the Berry curvature lead to intriguing transport signatures in quantum materials. Two such phenomena are the chiral anomaly and nonlinear Hall effect (NLHE). A unified description of these transport regimes requires a quantitative treatment of both band topology and electron scattering. Here, we show accurate predictions of the magnetoresistance in topological semimetals and NLHE in noncentrosymmetric materials by solving the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) w…

When Does Global Attention Help? A Unified Empirical Study on Atomistic Graph Learning
Arindam Chowdhury, Massimiliano Lupo Pasini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.05583 https://

When Does Global Attention Help? A Unified Empirical Study on Atomistic Graph Learning
Graph neural networks (GNNs) are widely used as surrogates for costly experiments and first-principles simulations to study the behavior of compounds at atomistic scale, and their architectural complexity is constantly increasing to enable the modeling of complex physics. While most recent GNNs combine more traditional message passing neural networks (MPNNs) layers to model short-range interactions with more advanced graph transformers (GTs) with global attention mechanisms to model long-range …

Electric Polarization-Driven Modulation of Fe Adatoms on Ferroelectric $\alpha$-In$_2$Se$_3$
Monirul Shaikh, Aleksander L. Wysocki
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10405 https://

Electric Polarization-Driven Modulation of Fe Adatoms on Ferroelectric $α$-In$_2$Se$_3$
The interplay among structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of Fe adatoms on the surface of two-dimensional ferroelectric α-In$_2$Se$_3$ is investigated using first-principles electronic structure calculations, with a focus on how these properties are modulated by the direction of the electric polarization of the substrate. We identify two competing adsorption sites for Fe adatoms, whose relative stability depends on the adatom concentration and can be reversed by switching the electri…

Near-room-temperature antiferromagnetism in Janus Fe$X$F ($X$ = O, S) monolayers
Xixiang Zhang, Busheng Wang, Yanfeng Ge, Yong Liu, Wenhui Wan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.10646 h…

Near-room-temperature antiferromagnetism in Janus Fe$X$F ($X$ = O, S) monolayers
Inspired by the recently synthesized hexagonal layered phase of FeF$_2$, we studied the magnetic properties of the 1T-FeF$_2$ monolayer and its Janus Fe$X$F ($X$ = O, S) derivatives by first-principles calculations. Our results confirm that these materials are antiferromagnetic semiconductors, and that anion substitution effectively tunes their material properties: the band gap shifts from 3.37 eV (direct, FeF$_2$) to 2.35 eV (direct, FeOF) and 1.13 eV (indirect, FeSF); the magnetic moment of F…

Nitrogen-Triggered Amorphization Enables High-Performance Solid-State Electrolytes
Bolong Hong, Lei Gao, Bingkai Zhang, Pengfei Nan, Ruishan Zhang, Yuhang Li, Zhihao Lei, Ming Liu, Jing Wu, Longbang Di, Haijin Ni, Songbai Han, Jinlong Zhu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09960

Nitrogen-Triggered Amorphization Enables High-Performance Solid-State Electrolytes
Amorphous solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) hold great promise for advancing the application of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), owing to their favorable ionic conductivity, structural tunability, and promising electrochemical performance. However, the absence of universal design principles for amorphous SSEs limits their development. By fundamentally re-evaluating the amorphization-forming ability of amorphous SSE systems, this study establishes a nitrogen-driven universal strategy to convert …

Understanding Polaronic Transport in Anatase TiO2 Films by Combining Precise Synthesis and First-Principles Many-Body Theory
F. Liu, Z. Yang, Y. Luo, S. Guo, C. Zhang, S. Choo, X. Xu, X. Wang, K. A. Mkhoyan, M. Bernardi, B. Jalan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.07097

Understanding Polaronic Transport in Anatase TiO2 Films by Combining Precise Synthesis and First-Principles Many-Body Theory
In complex oxides, charge carriers often couple strongly with lattice vibrations to form polarons-entangled electron-phonon quasiparticles whose transport properties remain difficult to characterize. Experimental access to intrinsic polaronic transport requires ultraclean samples, while theoretical descriptions demand methods beyond low-order perturbation theory. Here, we combine the growth of high-quality oxygen-vacancy-doped anatase TiO2 films by hybrid molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) with a fir…

Orbital-Engineered Spin Asymmetry and Multifunctionality in Eu-Activated CaAlSiN$_3$: A First-Principles Roadmap to Optical-Thermoelectric Fusion
Muhammad Tayyab, Faiq Umar, Sikander Azam, Qaiser Rafiq, Rajwali Khan, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Vineet Tirth, Ali Algahtani
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.00863 …

Orbital-Engineered Spin Asymmetry and Multifunctionality in Eu-Activated CaAlSiN$_3$: A First-Principles Roadmap to Optical-Thermoelectric Fusion
Rare-earth-doped nitride phosphors are promising materials for solid-state lighting and photonic applications due to their thermal stability, sharp emission lines, and strong UV-blue absorption. In this work, we present a first-principles density functional theory (DFT) study, using the GGA+U approach, of pristine and Eu3+-doped CaAlSiN3 at doping levels of 8.5% and 17%. Electronic structure calculations show that Eu incorporation introduces localized 4f states within the band gap, leading to b…

Atomistic origin of low thermal conductivity in quaternary chalcogenides Cu(Cd, Zn)$_2$InTe$_4$
Nirmalya Jana, Amit Agarwal, Koushik Pal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.09040 https:/…

Atomistic origin of low thermal conductivity in quaternary chalcogenides Cu(Cd, Zn)$_2$InTe$_4$
Crystalline semiconductors with intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity ($\mathcal{K}$) are vital for device applications such as barrier coatings and thermoelectrics. Quaternary chalcogenide semiconductors such as CuCd$_2$InTe$_4$ and CuZn$_2$InTe$_4$ are experimentally shown to exhibit low $\mathcal{K}$, yet its microscopic origin remains poorly understood. Here, we analyse their thermal transport mechanisms using a unified first-principles framework that captures both the Peierls (par…

C-BerryTrans: A C code for first-principles calculation of Berry-curvature-driven anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities
Vivek Pandey, Sudhir K. Pandey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.24071

C-BerryTrans: A C++ code for first-principles calculation of Berry-curvature-driven anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities
We present C-BerryTrans, a C++ code designed for first-principles calculations of Berry-curvature-driven transverse transport properties, namely the anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) i.e., $σ_{μν}^{AHC}$ and anomalous Nernst conductivity (ANC) i.e., $α_{μν}^{ANC}$. The code directly extracts eigenvalues and momentum-matrix elements from WIEN2k calculations and evaluates the Berry curvature ($\boldsymbolΩ$) using a Kubo-like formalism. For computational efficiency, C-BerryTrans paralleliz…

Structural Chirality and Natural Optical Activity across the $\alpha$-to-$\beta$ Phase Transition in SiO$_2$ and AlPO$_4$ from first-principles
F. G\'omez-Ortiz, A. Zabalo, A. M. Glazer, E. E. McCabe, A. H. Romero, E. Bousquet
https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.03047

Structural Chirality and Natural Optical Activity across the $α$-to-$β$ Phase Transition in SiO$_2$ and AlPO$_4$ from first-principles
Natural optical activity (NOA), the ability of a material to rotate the plane of polarized light, has traditionally been associated with structural chirality. However, this relationship has often been oversimplified, leading to conceptual misunderstandings, particularly when attempts are made to directly correlate structural handedness with optical rotatory power. In reality, the relationship between chirality and NOA is more nuanced: optical activity can arise in both chiral and achiral crysta…