Tootfinder

Knappes Lithium: Wo der Rohstoff noch zu finden ist
Lithium ist ein knapper Rohstoff. Für Elektroauto-Batterien steigt indes die Nachfrage nach dem Rohstoff. Wo sollen die benötigten Mengen an Lithium herkommen?

Laterally Excited Bulk Acoustic Wave (LBAW) X-Cut Lithium Niobate Resonators
Walter Gubinelli, Ryan Tetro, Pietro Simeoni, Luca Colombo, Matteo Rinaldi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.04433

Laterally Excited Bulk Acoustic Wave (LBAW) X-Cut Lithium Niobate Resonators
In this work, Laterally excited Bulk Acoustic Wave (LBAW) resonators on X-cut Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) and, for the first time their higher-order overtones (LOBAW) are demonstrated by embedding interdigitated electrodes recessed into the piezoelectric thin film, allowing to exploit both S0 and SH0 vibrational modes. This recessed electrode architecture decouples the dispersion relation from film thickness, enabling lithographic tuning of resonance frequency and on-chip multi-frequency scaling o…

Effect of Matter Accretion on Lithium Enhancement of Giants
Xuefeng Li, Jianrong Shi, Yan Li, Hongliang Yan, Jinghua Zhang, Fei Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00405 https://

Effect of Matter Accretion on Lithium Enhancement of Giants
A subset of low-mass giants ($<2.2\,M_{\odot}$) exhibit anomalous lithium enhancement behavior, which is still an open topic. Given that more massive giants retain more surface lithium, increasing mass by accreting circumstellar matter could be a channel to enrich lithium. We evaluate this process in the current work. Using MESA, we construct a model of matter accretion, including mass loss, that evolves a star from the main sequence turnoff to the red giant branch tip. The mean accretion rate …

Loss of Ukraine lithium deposit to Russia won’t impact minerals deal, says investor: https://benborges.xyz/2025/06/30/loss-of-ukraine-lithium-deposit.html

Two-Stage Lithium Niobate Nonlinear Photonic Circuits for Low-Crosstalk and Broadband All Optical Wavelength Conversion
Xiaoting Li, Haochuan Li, Zhaoxi Chen, Fei Ma, Ke Zhang, Wenzhao Sun, Cheng Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01777

Two-Stage Lithium Niobate Nonlinear Photonic Circuits for Low-Crosstalk and Broadband All Optical Wavelength Conversion
All optical wavelength converters (AOWCs) that can effectively and flexibly switch optical signals between different wavelength channels are essential elements in future optical fiber communications and quantum information systems. A promising strategy for achieving high-performance AOWCs is to leverage strong three-wave mixing processes in second-order nonlinear nanophotonic devices, specifically thin-film periodically poled lithium niobate (TF-PPLN) waveguides. By exploiting the advantages of…

The US company #Techmet
is likely to bid in the first pilot project of the Ukraine-US joint Reconstruction Investment Fund
on a #lithium #mine in the centre of the country,
Ukraine’s first deputy prime minister, Y…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.16779 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@a…

Phase engineering of MoS$_2$ monolayers: A pathway to enhanced lithium-polysulfide battery performance
This study explores the potential of MoS$_2$ polymorphs, specifically the semiconducting 2H phase and the metallic 1T$^\prime$ phase, as anchoring materials to enhance the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur (Li--S) batteries. Using density functional theory calculations, we show that 1T$^\prime$-MoS$_2$ exhibits stronger Li--S interactions, greater charge transfer, and enhanced catalytic activity compared to its 2H counterpart, effectively suppressing polysulfide dissolution and faci…

Super high capacity of silicon carbon anode over 6500 mAh g-1 for lithium battery
Shisheng Lin, Minhui Yang, Zhuang Zhao, Mingjia Zhi, Xiaokai Bai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02704

Super high capacity of silicon carbon anode over 6500 mAh g-1 for lithium battery
As silicon is approaching its theoretical limit for the anode materials in lithium battery, searching for a higher limit is indispensable. Herein, we demonstrate the possible of achieving ultrahigh capacity over 6500 mAh g-1 in silicon-carbon composites. Considering the numerous defects inside the silicon nanostructures, it is deduced the formation of quasi-Bose Einstein condensation should be possible, which can lead to the low viscosity flow of lithium-ions through the anode. At a charge-disc…

Widely non-degenerate nonlinear frequency conversion in cryogenic titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides
Nina Amelie Lange, Sebastian Lengeling, Philipp Mues, Viktor Quiring, Werner Ridder, Christof Eigner, Harald Herrmann, Christine Silberhorn, Tim J. Bartley
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02392

Widely non-degenerate nonlinear frequency conversion in cryogenic titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides
The titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguide platform is well-established for reliable prototyping and packaging of many quantum photonic components at room temperature. Nevertheless, compatibility with certain quantum light sources and superconducting detectors requires operation under cryogenic conditions. We characterize alterations in phase-matching and mode guiding of a non-degenerate spontaneous parametric down-conversion process emitting around 1556 nm and 950 nm, under cryogenic c…

This https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.20991 has been replaced.
initial toot: https://mastoxiv.page/@arXiv_nli…

Topological gap solitons in equidistant lithium niobate waveguide arrays
Equidistant 1D arrays of thin film lithium niobate waveguides can exhibit non-trivial topology due to a specific interplay between inter- and intra-modal couplings of two families of guided modes. In this work we analyze two-colour spatial solitons, emerging due to $χ_2$ nonlinear interactions between the modes of non-trivial topology in the fundamental harmonic field, and modes of trivial topology in the second harmonic field. We discuss solitons localized in the bulk of the array (bulk solit…

Light nuclei under magnetic field and the lithium problem
Nodoka Yamanaka
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03684 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.03684

Light nuclei under magnetic field and the lithium problem
We analyze the effect of the magnetic field on the proton and neutron density distributions of the nuclei 2H, 3H, 3He, which are calculated ab initio, and the 6Li nucleus in the alpha-cluster model. It is found that the asymptotic exponential damp of the probability density at long distance is modified, and that the linear component of the exponent with respect to the magnetic field yields the leading contribution, while those of the second derivative and the confining magnetic force are sublea…

Migration and Evolution of giant ExoPlanets (MEEP) II: Super-Jupiters and Lithium-rich Host Stars
Jack Schulte, Joseph E. Rodriguez, David W. Latham, Joshua V. Shields, Noah Vowell, Melinda Soares-Furtado, Brooke Kotten, Xian-Yu Wang, Karen A. Collins, Allyson Bieryla, Samuel N. Quinn, Paul Benni, Catherine A. Clark, Matthew W. Craig, Mara L. DeRung, Jason D. Eastman, Zahra Essack, Phil Evans, Rebecca Gore, Steve B. Howell, John F. Kielkopf, Colin Littlefield, Andrew W. Mann, Giuseppe …

Migration and Evolution of giant ExoPlanets (MEEP) II: Super-Jupiters and Lithium-rich Host Stars
Although hot Jupiters were the first exoplanets discovered orbiting main sequence stars, the dominant mechanisms through which they form and evolve are not known. To address the questions surrounding their origins, the Migration and Evolution of giant ExoPlanets (MEEP) survey aims to create a complete, magnitude-limited ($G<$12.5) sample of hot Jupiters that can be used to constrain the frequency of different migration pathways. NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite provides the unique c…

Deep Kernel Bayesian Optimisation for Closed-Loop Electrode Microstructure Design with User-Defined Properties based on GANs
Andrea Gayon-Lombardo, Ehecatl A. del Rio-Chanona, Catalina A. Pino-Munoz, Nigel P. Brandon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00833

Deep Kernel Bayesian Optimisation for Closed-Loop Electrode Microstructure Design with User-Defined Properties based on GANs
The generation of multiphase porous electrode microstructures with optimum morphological and transport properties is essential in the design of improved electrochemical energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries. Electrode characteristics directly influence battery performance by acting as the main sites where the electrochemical reactions coupled with transport processes occur. This work presents a generation-optimisation closed-loop algorithm for the design of microstructures with …

Lithium Abundances of Main-Sequence Stars in the Old Open Cluster NGC 188: Probes of Stellar Evolution Beyond the Solar Age
Qinghui Sun, Constantine P. Deliyannis, Bruce A. Twarog, Barbara J. Anthony-Twarog
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02931

Lithium Abundances of Main-Sequence Stars in the Old Open Cluster NGC 188: Probes of Stellar Evolution Beyond the Solar Age
We present lithium abundances for 119 main-sequence stars in the 6.3 Gyr open cluster NGC 188, using high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio spectra from WIYN/Hydra. We observe the stars over multiple nights and measure radial velocities for each night, which we combine with Gaia proper motions to identify multiplicity and cluster membership. We identify 95 single members, 14 binary members, 9 members with uncertain multiplicity, and 1 single likely member. We determine effective temperatur…

Uh oh, Scotty could be in trouble for repairing the di-lithium crystal converter...
"Why the US military wants troops to be able to fix their own stuff"
https://www.businessinsider.com/why-us-military-wants-troops-to-fix-t…

Why the US military wants troops to be able to fix their own stuff
The US military is pushing for troops to repair their own equipment, reducing contractor reliance that can at times be a significant hindrance.

Montag: Lithium & Co. im Abraum von Minen, Android-Apps in Windows 11 fortsetzen
Kritische Rohstoffe als Nebenprodukt Handy-Funktion für Windows 11 Medion zurück an Gründer Meta-Milliarden für Google-Cloud Technik der AR-Brille Metas

Breakthrough tech boosts EV range with long-lasting lithium battery development. #climatechange #climatesolutions #climate

Long-lasting lithium battery with breakthrough tech to boost EV range
Scientists' new mathematical x-framework allows unlimited customization of full concentration gradient (FCGs) with independent parameter control, leading to lithium-ion batteries with enhanced safety and stability.

Die weltweite #Lithium-Nachfrage steigt stark, besonders für #Elektroauto-Batterien.
Bis 2030 könnte sie sich vervier- bis verachtfachen. Das meiste #Lithium stammt derzeit aus

Knappes Lithium: Wo der Rohstoff noch zu finden ist
Lithium ist ein knapper Rohstoff. Für Elektroauto-Batterien steigt indes die Nachfrage nach dem Rohstoff. Wo sollen die benötigten Mengen an Lithium herkommen?

Phase field simulation of dendrite growth in solid-state lithium batteries based on mechanical-thermo-electrochemical coupling
Pengyang Hou, Jiamiao Xie, Jingyang Li, Peng Zhang, Zhaokai Li, Wenqian Hao, Jia Tian, Zhe Wang, Fuzheng Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02013

Phase field simulation of dendrite growth in solid-state lithium batteries based on mechanical-thermo-electrochemical coupling
Solid-state lithium batteries possess numerous advantages, such as high energy density, excellent cycle stability, superior mechanical strength, non-flammability, enhanced safety, and extended service life. These characteristics make them highly suitable for applications in aerospace, new energy vehicles, and portable electronic devices. However, the growth of lithium dendrite at the electrode/electrolyte interface remains a critical challenge, limiting both performance and safety. The growth o…

Cold Weather Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries: Real-World Lessons from the Meshtastic Community
https://yycmesh.com/2025/04/19/cold-weather-charging-of-lithium-ion-batteries-real-world-lessons-from-th…

🧂 Private financing for Argentina’s lithium is anything but green, critics say
https://news.mongabay.com/2025/07/private-financing-for-argentinas-lithium-is-anything-but-green-critics-say/

Private financing for Argentina’s lithium is anything but green, critics say
Argentina has the second-largest reserves of lithium in the world, at around 22 million tons. As battery technology advances and global demand for the mineral grows, the country is trying to position itself as a global hub for renewable energy generation. Corporations and banks have heralded a wave of “green” policies aimed at accelerating the […]

"China new energy storage tops 100 GW as lithium overtakes pumped hydro"
#China #Energy #Renewables

China new energy storage tops 100 GW as lithium overtakes pumped hydro
China’s new energy storage capacity exceeded 100 GW by June 2025, with total installations reaching 164.3 GW, surpassing pumped hydro additions amid accelerating deployments and changing market dynamics, according to the China Energy Storage Alliance (CNESA).

Superconducting gap and its Little-Parks like oscillations with high-order harmonics in lithium intercalated 1T-TiSe$_2$
Jia-Yi Ji, Zongzheng Cao, Yi Hu, Haoyang Wu, Heng Wang, Yuying Zhu, Haiwen Liu, Lexian Yang, Qi-Kun Xue, Ding Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23871

Superconducting gap and its Little-Parks like oscillations with high-order harmonics in lithium intercalated 1T-TiSe$_2$
The superconducting phase of doped 1T-TiSe$_2$ is a fruitful playground for exploring exotic quantum phenomena such as the anomalous metal state and spontaneously formed superconducting network. Here, we address these emergent states by studying the superconducting gap of lithium intercalated TiSe$_2$-a fundamental quantity that has remained unexplored so far. We fabricate a device that combines solid-state lateral lithium intercalation, resistance measurements and tunneling spectroscopy. We su…

Für die ARD Wissenschaft habe ich gestern über den Stand der Batterietechnologien berichtet, die aktuell in Elektroautos eingebaut werden.
Das spannende: Deutschland könnte Rohstoffland werden, wenn wir das Recycling systematisch ausbauen. Bei den Lithium-Ionen Batterien ist das schon heute rentabel.
https://www.

Wettrennen um die besten Akkus für Elektroautos
China setzt auf Lithium-Batterien, die immer günstiger werden. Deutsche Autohersteller bevorzugen Akkus auf Nickel-Mangan-Kobalt-Basis. Welche Technik hat welche Vor- und Nachteile?

Reinforcement Learning for Robust Ageing-Aware Control of Li-ion Battery Systems with Data-Driven Formal Verification
Rudi Coppola, Hovsep Touloujian, Pierfrancesco Ombrini, Manuel Mazo Jr
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04288

Reinforcement Learning for Robust Ageing-Aware Control of Li-ion Battery Systems with Data-Driven Formal Verification
Rechargeable lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are a ubiquitous element of modern technology. In the last decades, the production and design of such batteries and their adjacent embedded charging and safety protocols, denoted by Battery Management Systems (BMS), has taken central stage. A fundamental challenge to be addressed is the trade-off between the speed of charging and the ageing behavior, resulting in the loss of capacity in the battery cell. We rely on a high-fidelity physics-based batter…

Suitability of ReaxFF potential for MD modelling of lithium across low and high temperatures
Predrag S. Krstic, Swarit Dwivedi, Adri C. T. van Duin, Bruce E. Koel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00807

Suitability of ReaxFF potential for MD modelling of lithium across low and high temperatures
Modeling lithium's atomic-scale behavior is critical for its roles in plasma-facing fusion components and lithium-ion batteries, yet it remains challenging across phase regimes. This study benchmarks ReaxFF, 2NN-MEAM, and SNAP potentials from 100 to 1000 K using molecular dynamics, with ensemble and cooling protocols carefully controlled. Compared to reliable experimental data, ReaxFF diverges above 800 K, underestimating density by ~10% at 1000 K and overestimating diffusivity, yielding anomal…

ça pourrait être une bonne piste !
"Low dose of lithium reverses Alzheimer's symptoms in mice"
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2491493-low-dose-of-lithium-reverses-alzheimers-symptoms-in-mice/

A comprehensive study of second and third harmonic conversion efficiency, angular and temperature tolerance, and long-term stability in LBO crystals using a 10-J-class laser
Huzefa Aliasger, Ond\v{r}ej Nov\'ak, Zbyn\v{e}k Hubka, Martin Hanu\v{s}, Petr Navr\'atil, Patricie Severov\'a, Ond\v{r}ej Denk, Jan Pila\v{r}, Tom\'a\v{s} Paliesek, Martin Divok\'y, Ond\v{r}ej Schreiber, Michal Jel\'inek, Martin Smr\v{z}, Tom\'a\v{s} Mocek

A comprehensive study of second and third harmonic conversion efficiency, angular and temperature tolerance, and long-term stability in LBO crystals using a 10-J-class laser
We present a study of second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) in lithium triborate (LBO) crystals using a high-energy, 10-J-class, 10 Hz Yb:YAG laser system. We achieved high conversion efficiencies of 75\% for SHG and 56\% for THG for Gaussian-like temporal pulse shapes and top-hat-like beam profiles. The angular and temperature dependence of the LBO crystals were measured and validated through numerical simulations. The SHG process exhibited an angular acceptance …

Noch einige der zuletzt hier besonders häufig geteilten #News:
Studie: Abraum aus US-Minen enthält über 70 kritische Rohstoffe wie Lithium.

STEM Diffraction Pattern Analysis with Deep Learning Networks
Sebastian Wissel, Jonas Scheunert, Aaron Dextre, Shamail Ahmed, Andreas Bayer, Kerstin Volz, Bai-Xiang Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01889

STEM Diffraction Pattern Analysis with Deep Learning Networks
Accurate grain orientation mapping is essential for understanding and optimizing the performance of polycrystalline materials, particularly in energy-related applications. Lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO$_{2}$) is a promising cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, and its electrochemical behaviour is closely linked to microstructural features such as grain size and crystallographic orientations. Traditional orientation mapping methods--such as manual indexing, template matching…

19.3 GHz Acoustic Filter with High Close-in Rejection in Tri-layer Thin-Film Lithium Niobate
Omar Barrera, Sinwoo Cho, Jack Kramer, Vakhtang Chulukhadze, Tzu-Hsuan Hsu, Ruochen Lu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22411

19.3 GHz Acoustic Filter with High Close-in Rejection in Tri-layer Thin-Film Lithium Niobate
Acoustic filters are preferred front-end solutions at sub-6 GHz due to their superior frequency selectivity compared to electromagnetic (EM) counterparts. With the ongoing development of 5G and the evolution toward 6G, there is a growing need to extend acoustic filter technologies into frequency range 3 (FR3), which spans 7 to 24 GHz to accommodate emerging high-frequency bands. However, scaling acoustic filters beyond 10 GHz presents significant challenges, as conventional platforms suffer fro…

Li-enrichment in red clump giants: Clues for past binary interaction or merger events
Raghubar Singh, Bacham E. Reddy, Anohita Mallick, Gang Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03089

Li-enrichment in red clump giants: Clues for past binary interaction or merger events
To understand the underlying mechanisms for high lithium abundances among core He-burning or red clump (RC) giants, we analyzed a sample of 5227 RC giants of mass M $\leq$ 2~M$_{\odot}$ using spectra and asteroseismic data. We found 120 RC giants ($\sim$2~$\%$) with a lower limit of A(Li) = 0.7~dex, a factor of 40 more than their predecessors close to the RGB tip. Of the 120 RC giants, we could measure actual rotations for 16 RC giants using stellar spots from the Kepler light curve analysis. W…

US targets steel, copper, lithium imports under Uyghur forced labor law (Reuters)
https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/society-equity/us-targets-steel-copper-lithium-imports-under-uyghur-forced-labor-law-2025-08-19/
http://www.memeorandum.com/250819/p53#a250819p53

Towards Intelligent Battery Management via A Five-Tier Digital Twin Framework
Tianwen Zhu, Hao Wang, Zhiwei Cao, Jiarong Xi, Yonggang Wen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02366 https:…

Towards Intelligent Battery Management via A Five-Tier Digital Twin Framework
Battery management systems (BMSs) are critical to ensuring safety, efficiency, and longevity across electronics, transportation, and energy storage. However, with the rapid growth of lithium-ion batteries, conventional reactive BMS approaches face limitations in health prediction and advanced maintenance management, resulting in increased safety risks and economic costs. To address these challenges, we propose a five-tier digital twin framework for intelligent battery management. The framework …

Atomic Interface Engineering of Battery Current Collectors via Ion Implantation
Yue Li, Xuanguang Ren, Xueting Feng, Lingcheng Kong, Fengping Luo, Yang Xu, Liu Qian, Yusheng Ye, Ziqiang Zhao, Xin Gao, Jin Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00236

Atomic Interface Engineering of Battery Current Collectors via Ion Implantation
Atomic interface engineering (AIE) is critical for advancing technologies in energy storage, catalysis, and microelectronics. In anode-less lithium metal batteries (ALLMBs), AIE is essential for controlling interfacial chemistry governing lithium deposition and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation on copper current collectors. However, native copper surfaces readily oxidize, forming electronically insulating oxides that degrade performance and obscure failure mechanisms. Here, we report…

Studie: Abraum aus US-Minen enthält über 70 kritische Rohstoffe wie Lithium.
Die Vereinigten Staaten beherbergen dutzende Minen. Einige fördern einfaches Kupfer oder Eisen. Im Abraum stecken oft wichtige Rohstoffe, die man nutzen kann. 

Mine operator seeks to renew an expired operating license
China shuts down a major lithium mine, triggering a surge in prices
https://www.lemonde.fr/en/economy/article/2025/08/14/china-shuts-down-a-major-lithium-mine-triggering-a-surge-in-prices_6744361_19.html

Permanent magnet based Zeeman slower for lithium atoms
R. Elbaz, F. Hamodi-Gzal, N. Priel, M. O. Gzal, L. Khaykovich
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00790 https://

The discovery of a massive amount of lithium under the Salton Sea could make the U.S. lithium independent.
The metal is key for batteries in electric vehicles and solar panels.
But the area is also a delicate ecosystem.
We go to southern California to hear what hangs in the balance of the ballooning lithium industry,
and also how we extract other crucial substances  
– such as sand, copper and iron
– and turn them into semiconductors, circuitry and other …

Russia plans to establish domestic lithium-ion battery production after capturing one of the largest Ukrainian lithium deposits: https://benborges.xyz/2025/07/10/russia-plans-to-establish-domestic.html

Lithium evolution in the Galactic thin disc from Main-Sequence and early Red-Giant-Branch stars
C. T. Nguyen, G. Cescutti, F. Matteucci, F. Rizzuti, A. Mucciarelli, D. Romano, L. Magrini, A. J. Korn, A. Bressan, L. Girardi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14594

Lithium evolution in the Galactic thin disc from Main-Sequence and early Red-Giant-Branch stars
The role of novae as producers of galactic lithium has been suggested since the 1970s, and it has been reconsidered recently with the detection of $^7$Be in their outbursts. At the same time, stellar models are moving forward to comprehend the discrepancy between the primordial lithium abundance predicted by the standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis theory and the measured value of old dwarf stars. In this work, we follow the evolution of $^7$Li in the galactic thin disc starting from a primordial …

In #Alzenau kommen erstmals organische Solid-Flow-Batterien zum Einsatz – ganz ohne #Lithium, brennsicher und recyclebar.
Der Batteriebauer #CMBlu testet die Technologie im

Organische Gigabatterie: Game-Changer für die Energiewende?
Für die Energiewende in Deutschland sind Energiespeicher entscheidend. Ein organischer Großspeicher aus Alzenau hat eine Technologie, die ganz ohne Lithium auskommt. Nun kommen die so genannten Organic Solid-Flow-Batterien erstmals zum Einsatz.

"Upcycling solar glass waste to use in solid-state lithium batteries"
#Glass #Batteries #Energy

Upcycling solar glass waste to use in solid-state lithium batteries
Nanyang Technological University researchers have milled solar panel glass waste for use in cathodes used in solid state lithium metal batteries. When used as a functional filler in solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) material, the resulting battery performance was maintained over 80 charge cycles with an 8.3 % improvement over the reference device.

Sichere Akkus: Lithium-Metall-Batterien mit integriertem Flammschutzmittel
Lithium-Metall-Batterien sind energiereich, können jedoch bei Überhitzung schnell in Brand geraten. Ein Polymer soll das verhindern.

Magnetic-free optical mode degeneracy lifting in lithium niobate microring resonators
Xin-Biao Xu, Zheng-Xu Zhu, Yuan-Hao Yang, Jia-Qi Wang, Yu Zeng, Jia-Hua Zou, Juanjuan Lu, Yan-Lei Zhang, Weiting Wang, Guang-Can Guo, Luyan Sun, Chang-Ling Zou
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01940

Magnetic-free optical mode degeneracy lifting in lithium niobate microring resonators
Breaking time-reversal symmetry in integrated photonics without magnetic fields remains a fundamental challenge. We demonstrate phonon-induced non-reciprocity through direct lifting of forward-backward mode degeneracy in microring resonators. Coherent acousto-optic coupling generates differential AC Stark shifts between counter-propagating fundamental optical modes, eliminating the need for intermodal conversion or complex photonic structures. Simple microwave excitation of integrated piezoelec…

Zemach radii and nuclear structure effects in hyperfine splitting of Lithium
Yilong Yang, Evgeny Epelbaum, Chen Ji, Pengwei Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01303 https://…

Zemach radii and nuclear structure effects in hyperfine splitting of Lithium
Nuclear structure effects are essential for describing hyperfine splittings from high-precision atomic spectroscopy measurements. These effects are often parametrized by the effective or elastic Zemach radii, with their difference poorly understood. We solve the longstanding discrepancy between the effective and elastic Zemach radii in ${}^6$Li and ${}^7$Li by performing \emph{ab initio} nuclear structure calculations that take into account nuclear polarizability effects. Our results demonstrat…

Modulation Instability-Induced Multimode Squeezing in Quadratic Frequency Combs
Haodong Xu, Nianqin Li, Zijun Shu, Yang Shen, Bo Ji, Aiping Xie, Feng Yang, Dengcai Yang, Jing Peng, Hang Gong, Guoxiang Huang, Chunbo Zhao, Wei Li, Tengfei Wu, Guangqiang He
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20454

Modulation Instability-Induced Multimode Squeezing in Quadratic Frequency Combs
Lithium niobate (LN) microring resonators, characterized by an exceptionally high second-order nonlinear coefficient and superior electro-optic tunability, serve as an outstanding platform for the precise control of integrated quantum frequency combs (QFCs). In this study, we introduce a bipartite entanglement criterion to investigate the pairwise entanglement characteristics of QFCs generated via the spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) process in lithium niobate microring resonators …

Meridional Circulation II: A Unified Mechanism for Lithium Depletion in Solar Analogs and the Lithium Dip in Mid-F Cluster Stars
Xuefeng Li, Jianrong Shi, Yan Li, Hongliang Yan, Jinghua Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19715

Meridional Circulation II: A Unified Mechanism for Lithium Depletion in Solar Analogs and the Lithium Dip in Mid-F Cluster Stars
The behavior of lithium (Li) in Population I main sequence stars challenges standard stellar theory. Two phenomena stand out: the solar Li problem which extends to Li depletion in solar analogs and the Li dip observed in mid-F stars within open clusters. Building on the meridional circulation-driven radial mixing framework previously developed to explain Li-enriched red clump stars, we explore its relevance to Li depletion on the main sequence. First, our models reproduce the observed $A(\text{…

China entdeckt riesige Lithium-Lagerstätte
China hat eine große Lithium-Lagerstätte entdeckt und plant deren Ausbeutung. Die Dominanz Chinas auf dem Markt für Elektroauto-Batterien könnte weiter wachsen.
https://www.

The cosmological lithium problem
Oswaldo D. Miranda
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09821 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.09821…

The cosmological lithium problem
The discrepancy between the predictions of primordial nucleosynthesis and the observed lithium abundance in Spite plateau stars has been attributed either to a challenge to the standard model of nucleosynthesis or to stellar processes occurring after the stars formed. To understand the origin of this discrepancy, it is crucial to link the cosmic star formation rate with a chemical enrichment model that incorporates the yields of both Population (Pop) III and II stars. It is within this framewor…

Der weltweite #Boom bei #Elektroautos könnte in wenigen Jahren wegen eines drohenden #Lithium-Engpasses ins Stocken geraten.
Eine neue Studie zeigt, dass der Bedarf in den

Electric vehicle boom could hit major roadblock in just 5 years, study claims | BBC Science Focus Magazine
With sales skyrocketing, a shortage of this key critical material could halt progress

Lithium in V505 Per
G. Koenigsberger, W. Schmutz, C. Pilachowski, A. R. Mejia-Nava, D. Sikorski, M. Cordero
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19954 https://arxiv.…

Lithium in V505 Per
We determine the surface lithium abundance of the eclipsing binary components in V 505 Per (HIP 10961), A(Li)=2.65+/-0.07 and 2.35+/-0.1, which supports the rather unexpected conclusion that their surface Li abundances differ. We find effective temperatures 6600 K + 6550 K (~150 K higher than previously reported), which place the stars at the hot limit of the Lithium Dip, thus aleviating the previously suggested discrepancy with cluster stars of similar ages and temperatures. These temperatures…

High-Throughput NEB for Li-Ion Conductor Discovery via Fine-Tuned CHGNet Potential
Jingchen Lian, Xiao Fu, Xuhe Gong, Ruijuan Xiao, Hong Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02334

High-Throughput NEB for Li-Ion Conductor Discovery via Fine-Tuned CHGNet Potential
Solid-state electrolytes are essential in the development of all-solid-state batteries. While density functional theory (DFT)-based nudged elastic band (NEB) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) methods provide fundamental insights on lithium-ion migration barriers and ionic conductivity, their computational costs make large-scale materials exploration challenging. In this study, we developed a high-throughput NEB computational framework integrated with the fine-tuned universal machine learn…

An Adaptive Estimation Approach based on Fisher Information to Overcome the Challenges of LFP Battery SOC Estimation
Junzhe Shi, Shida Jiang, Shengyu Tao, Jaewong Lee, Manashita Borah, Scott Moura
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.01173

An Adaptive Estimation Approach based on Fisher Information to Overcome the Challenges of LFP Battery SOC Estimation
Robust and Real-time State of Charge (SOC) estimation is essential for Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) batteries, which are widely used in electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems due to safety and longevity. However, the flat Open Circuit Voltage (OCV)-SOC curve makes this task particularly challenging. This challenge is complicated by hysteresis effects, and real-world conditions such as current bias, voltage quantization errors, and temperature that must be considered in the battery m…

Counter-propagating spontaneous parametric down-conversion source in lithium niobate on insulator
Jost Kellner, Alessandra Sabatti, Tristan Kuttner, Robert J. Chapman, Rachel Grange
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21396

Counter-propagating spontaneous parametric down-conversion source in lithium niobate on insulator
Quantum photonic technologies rely on the ability to generate, manipulate, and interfere indistinguishable single photons on a scalable platform. Among the various approaches, spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) remains one of the most widely used methods for generating entangled or pure photon pairs. However most integrated SPDC sources relying on co-propagating geometries have a limited purity of heralded photons, or require lossy filtering. Type-2 SPDC processes can produce pure se…

The contradictions between vivir bien / Pachamamismo and extractivism / desarrollismo deepen in Bolivia over lithium.
Litio: Bolivia puede perder inversión millonaria y 6.000 empleos – NODAL
https://www.nodal.am/2025/07/litio-bolivia-puede-p…

Litio: Bolivia puede perder inversión millonaria y 6.000 empleos – NODAL
NODAL - Noticias de América Latina y el Caribe

The ESPRESSO transmission spectrum of HD$\,$189733$\,$b : Extracting the planetary sodium and lithium signatures amid stellar contamination
D. Mounzer, W. Dethier, C. Lovis, V. Bourrier, A. Psaridi, H. Chakraborty, M. Lendl, R. Allart, J. V. Seidel, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, P. Molaro, M. Steiner, D. Ehrenreich, Y. Alibert, I. Carleo, S. Cristiani, J. I. Gonz\'alez Hern\'andez, C. J. A. P. Martins, E. Palle, J. Rodrigues, N. Santos, A. Sozzetti, A. Su\'arez Mascare\~no

The ESPRESSO transmission spectrum of HD$\,$189733$\,$b : Extracting the planetary sodium and lithium signatures amid stellar contamination
While transmission spectroscopy has allowed us to detect many atomic and molecular species in exoplanet atmospheres, the improvement in resolution and signal-to-noise ratio enabled us to become sensitive to planet-occulted line distortions (POLDs) in the spectrum that are induced by center-to-limb variations and the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. POLDs can bias the interpretation of the transmission spectrum, and it is difficult to correct for them with stellar models. We analyzed two ESPRESSO tra…

Narrow beam and low-sidelobe two-dimensional beam steering on thin-film lithium niobate optical phased array
Yang Li, Shiyao Deng, Xiao Ma, Ziliang Fang, Shufeng Li, Weikang Xu, Fangheng Fu, Xu Ouyang, Yuming Wei, Tiefeng Yang, Heyuan Guan, Huihui Lu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22124

Narrow beam and low-sidelobe two-dimensional beam steering on thin-film lithium niobate optical phased array
Optical beam steering has become indispensable in free-space optical communications, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), mapping, and projection. Optical phased array (OPA) leads this field, yet conventional versions still suffer from a narrow steering field of view (FOV), insufficient sidelobe suppression, and limited angular resolution. Thin-film lithium niobate (LN), with its strong Pockels electro-optic (EO) effect, offers a powerful integrated-photonics platform to overcome these limitati…

#TIL jährlich gibt es 10000 Feuer in der abfallentsorgung durch Lithium Akkus (vape, elektrisches Tranchiermesser, handstaubsauger, armbanduhrbeweger für den Tresor, Katzenklappe mit katzenerkennung, elektrischer bienenstichheiler, vibrator, LED-Teelicht,...) - 30 pro Tag.

#TIL jährlich gibt es 10000 Feuer in der abfallentsorgung durch Lithium Akkus (vape, elektrisches Tranchiermesser, handstaubsauger, armbanduhrbeweger für den Tresor, Katzenklappe mit katzenerkennung, elektrischer bienenstichheiler, vibrator, LED-Teelicht,...) - 30 pro Tag.

Human-AI Synergy in Adaptive Active Learning for Continuous Lithium Carbonate Crystallization Optimization
Shayan S. Mousavi Masouleh, Corey A. Sanz, Ryan P. Jansonius, Cara Cronin, Jason E. Hein, Jason Hattrick-Simpers
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19316

Human-AI Synergy in Adaptive Active Learning for Continuous Lithium Carbonate Crystallization Optimization
As demand for high-purity lithium surges with the growth of the electric vehicle (EV) industry, cost-effective extraction from lower-grade North American sources like the Smackover Formation is critical. These resources, unlike high-purity South American brines, require innovative purification techniques to be economically viable. Continuous crystallization is a promising method for producing battery-grade lithium carbonate, but its optimization is challenged by a complex parameter space and li…

Scalable quantum interference in integrated lithium niobate nanophotonics
Tristan Kuttner, Alessandra Sabatti, Jost Kellner, Rachel Grange, Robert J. Chapman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20519

Scalable quantum interference in integrated lithium niobate nanophotonics
Photonics has emerged as one of the leading platforms for the implementation of real-world-applicable quantum technologies, enabling secure communication, enhanced sensing capabilities, as well as resolving previously intractable computational challenges. However, to harness the full potential of the photonics platform, several engineering feats need to be accomplished, among those is the quest for a scalable source of pure single photons. While single photon sources can be implemented in a var…

High-efficiency and broadband coherent optical comb generation in integrated X-cut lithium niobate microresonators
Yunxiang Song, Zongda Li, Xinrui Zhu, Norman Lippok, Miro Erkintalo, Marko Loncar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21272

High-efficiency and broadband coherent optical comb generation in integrated X-cut lithium niobate microresonators
The ability to generate efficient and coherent frequency combs using photonic integrated circuits offers tremendous potential for a range of applications. In particular, "microcombs" based on chip-integrated resonators are poised to revolutionize optical communication, computation, and sensing systems, especially when paired with fast electro-optic (EO) devices. X-cut thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) is a promising platform for developing the next-generation of microcomb-driven integrated photo…

Fundamental Limits of Dissociative Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis via Electrodeposited Metals
Victor Azumah, Venkatasubramanian Viswanathan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21121 h…

Fundamental Limits of Dissociative Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis via Electrodeposited Metals
Electrochemical ammonia synthesis via lithium-mediated nitrogen dissociation has demonstrated exceptional Faradaic efficiency at ambient conditions, but its viability is limited by a high energy cost of ~9.12 eV per NH3 via lithium electrodeposition. Here, we establish the thermodynamic limits for dissociative nitrogen reduction using elemental metals by decomposing the process into three steps: metal deposition, nitridation, and protonation. We derive energetic constraints that any viable medi…

Solar models with protosolar accretion and turbulent mixing
Masanobu Kunitomo, Ga\"el Buldgen, Tristan Guillot
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01220 https://

Solar models with protosolar accretion and turbulent mixing
(abridged) Recent analyses have reported low lithium but high beryllium abundances on the solar surface; however, standard solar models (SSMs) predict Li abundances that are ~30$σ$ away from the observed value. In this study, we aim to develop solar models and compare them with the Li and Be abundance constraints. We examine the effect of protosolar accretion and turbulent mixing below the base of the surface convective zone. We compute ~200 solar evolutionary models for each case to optimize …

Augmented Physics-Based Li-ion Battery Model via Adaptive Ensemble Sparse Learning and Conformal Prediction
Samuel Filgueira da Silva, Mehmet Fatih Ozkan, Faissal El Idrissi, Marcello Canova
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00353

Augmented Physics-Based Li-ion Battery Model via Adaptive Ensemble Sparse Learning and Conformal Prediction
Accurate electrochemical models are essential for the safe and efficient operation of lithium-ion batteries in real-world applications such as electrified vehicles and grid storage. Reduced-order models (ROM) offer a balance between fidelity and computational efficiency but often struggle to capture complex and nonlinear behaviors, such as the dynamics in the cell voltage response under high C-rate conditions. To address these limitations, this study proposes an Adaptive Ensemble Sparse Identif…

Integrated bright source of polarization-entangled photons using lithium niobate photonic chips
Changhyun Kim, Hansol Kim, Minho Choi, Junhyung Lee, Yongchan Park, Sunghyun Moon, Jinil Lee, Hyeon Hwang, Min-Kyo Seo, Yoon-Ho Kim, Yong-Su Kim, Hojoong Jung, Hyounghan Kwon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23625

Integrated bright source of polarization-entangled photons using lithium niobate photonic chips
Quantum photonics has rapidly advanced as a key area for developing quantum technologies by harnessing photons' inherent quantum characteristics, particularly entanglement. Generation of entangled photon pairs, known as Bell states, is crucial for quantum communications, precision sensing, and quantum computing. While bulk quantum optical setups have provided foundational progress, integrated quantum photonic platforms now offer superior scalability, efficiency, and integrative potential. In th…

European tech breakthrough: Syensqo and cylib recover battery-grade lithium from spent cells, supporting sustainable practices in the battery industry and the transition to a greener energy sector. #climatechange #climatesolutions

European tech recovers EV battery-grade lithium from spent cells
European companies team up to recover lithium from different types of EV batteries on a single operating line with unmatched purity.

The mixing of internal gravity waves and lithium production in intermediate-mass AGB stars
Zhijun Wang, Guoliang L\"u, Chunhua Zhu, Sufen Guo, Helei Liu, Xizhen Lu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20360

The mixing of internal gravity waves and lithium production in intermediate-mass AGB stars
Context: Intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars influence Galactic lithium evolution by ejecting surface material (including Li) via stellar winds. Internal gravity waves (IGW), excited by convective motions, drive turbulent mixing in non-convective regions, altering stellar surface and wind chemistry. Aims: Investigate IGW-induced extra-mixing in the radiative zone between thermal pulses and convective envelopes of AGB stars and its impact on Li production. Derive the total Li c…

High mechanical strength Si anode synthesis with interlayer bonded expanded graphite structure for lithium-ion batteries
Wenhui Lai, Jong Hak Lee, Lu Shi, Yuqing Liu, Yanhui Pu, Yong Kang Ong, Carlos Limpo, Ting Xiong, Yifan Rao, Chorng Haur Sow, Barbaros \"Ozyilmaz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.20189

High mechanical strength Si anode synthesis with interlayer bonded expanded graphite structure for lithium-ion batteries
Despite advancements in silicon-based anodes for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries, their widespread commercial adoption is still hindered by significant volume expansion during cycling, especially at high active mass loadings crucial for practical use. The root of these challenges lies in the mechanical instability of the material, which subsequently leads to the structural failure of the electrode. Here, we present a novel synthesis of a composite combining expanded graphite and silicon nan…

Electrically pumped ultrabright entangled photons on chip
Xu-Feng Jiao, Ming-Yang Zheng, Yi-Hang Chen, Bo Cao, Xina Wang, Yang Liu, Cheng-Ao Yang, Xiu-Ping Xie, Chao-Yang Lu, Zhi-Chuan Niu, Qiang Zhang, Jian-Wei Pan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14566

Electrically pumped ultrabright entangled photons on chip
Entangled photon sources (EPS) are essential for quantum science and technology. Despite advancements in integrated optical platforms like thin-film lithium niobate, a scalable, high-performance, chip-scale EPS has remained elusive. We address this by demonstrating an electrically pumped, post-selection-free polarization-EPS, achieved through hybrid integration of a distributed feedback laser with thin-film lithium niobate chip which integrates periodically poled lithium niobate waveguides, bea…

Long lifetimes of nanoscale skyrmions in lithium-decorated van der Waals ferromagnet Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$
Soumyajyoti Haldar, Moritz A. Goerzen, Stefan Heinze, Dongzhe Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18522

Long lifetimes of nanoscale skyrmions in lithium-decorated van der Waals ferromagnet Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$
The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), which originates from spin-orbit coupling and relies on broken inversion symmetry, is recognized as a key ingredient in forming magnetic skyrmions. However, most 2D magnets exhibit inversion symmetry; therefore, the DMI is suppressed. Here, we propose a strategy to induce large DMI via lithium absorption on the surface of 2D magnets -- an experimentally feasible approach. Using first-principles and atomistic spin simulations, we predict the formation…

Reformulating Parallel-Connected Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Dynamics with Interconnection Resistances as Ordinary Differential Equations
Jaffar Ali Lone, Nilsu Atlan, Simone Fasolato, Davide M Raimondo, Ross Drummond
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14454

Reformulating Parallel-Connected Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Dynamics with Interconnection Resistances as Ordinary Differential Equations
This work presents analytical solutions for the current distribution in lithium-ion battery packs composed of cells connected in parallel, explicitly accounting for the presence of interconnection resistances. These solutions enable the reformulation of the differential-algebraic equations describing the pack dynamics into a set of ordinary differential equations, thereby simplifying simulation and analysis. Conditions under which uniform current sharing across all cells occurs are also derived…

On-chip amplification-free fCEO detection and broadband SCG in parabolically width-modulated TFLN waveguides
Tianyou Tang, Simin Yu, Ruixin Zhou, Jianing Zhang, Juanjuan Lu, Guanyu Chen, Tao Zhu, Lingfang Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00394

On-chip amplification-free fCEO detection and broadband SCG in parabolically width-modulated TFLN waveguides
We demonstrate amplification-free carrier-envelope offset (fCEO) detection in parabolically width-modulated z-cut thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) waveguide that simultaneously engineers dispersion and enhances nonlinear interactions. With 116 fs pulses at 1560 nm, the device generates more than two octaves broadband SCG spanning 600 to beyond 2400 nm, enabling spectral overlap between dispersive waves and second-harmonic generation near 780 nm for robust f-2f self-referencing. Most notably, we…

Asteroseismic modelling of Kepler Legacy stars including lithium depletion
G. Buldgen, J. B\'etrisey, C. Pezzotti, S. Borisov, A. Noels
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18016 http…

Asteroseismic modelling of Kepler Legacy stars including lithium depletion
Context. The Kepler Legacy sample is, to this day, the sample of solar-like oscillators with the most exquisite asteroseismic data. In this work, we carry out a detailed modelling of a subsample of these stars for which the surface lithium abundance has also been observed by the GALAH survey and a photometric surface rotation as been measured. Aims. We aim at studying the impact of additional mixing processes on the asteroseismic modelling of Kepler Legacy G and F-type stars. We also investigat…

Forscher entwickeln Natrium-Brennstoffzelle für Elektromobilität
Forschende am MIT haben eine Natrium-Brennstoffzelle entwickelt, die eine Alternative zu Lithium-Ionen-Akkus und Wasserstoff-Brennstoffzellen darstellen könnte.

Extreme Lithium Depletion in Solar Twins: Challenging Non-Standard Mixing Models
Isabelle Winnick, Jhon Yana Galarza, Henrique Reggiani, Thiago Ferreira, Isabelle Baraffe, Diego Lorenzo-Oliveira, Micaela Oyague, Rita Valle, Renzo Trujillo Diaz, Nathan Leigh, Matias Flores Trivigno, Ricardo Lopez-Valdivia, Gabriela Carvalho Silva, Eder Martioli, Helio Perottoni
…

Extreme Lithium Depletion in Solar Twins: Challenging Non-Standard Mixing Models
Lithium (Li) is a powerful tracer of stellar mixing, gradually depleted in solar twins by non-standard transport below the convective zone. Here, we identify six new solar twins with exceptionally low Li levels that are not explained by current non-standard mixing models and, together with our previously reported anomalous solar twin HIP 8522, suggest a distinct population marked by a violent evolutionary past. Employing high-resolution spectra ($R=60,000 - 165,000$), we infer precise stellar p…

Adaptive Dead-Zone Dual Sliding Mode Observer for Reliable Electrochemical Model-Based SOC Estimation
Guangdi Hu, Keyi Liao, Jian Ye, Feng Guo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21610 h…

Adaptive Dead-Zone Dual Sliding Mode Observer for Reliable Electrochemical Model-Based SOC Estimation
Accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation is critical for ensuring the safety, reliability, and efficiency of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Electrochemical models provide high fidelity for SOC estimation but introduce challenges due to parameter variations, nonlinearities, and computational complexity. To address these issues, this paper proposes an adaptive dead-zone dual sliding mode observer(SMO) based on an improved electrochemical single-particle mo…

Monolithically Integrated Optical Convolutional Processors on Thin Film Lithium Niobate
Ruixue Liu, Rongbo Wu, Yong Zheng, Yuan Ren, Boyang Nan, Min Wang, Yunpeng Song, Ya Cheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20552

Monolithically Integrated Optical Convolutional Processors on Thin Film Lithium Niobate
Photonic neural networks (PNNs) of sufficiently large physical dimensions and high operation accuracies are envisaged as an ideal candidate for breaking the major bottlenecks in the current artificial intelligence architectures in terms of latency, energy efficiency and computational power. To achieve this vision, it is of vital importance to scale up the PNNs and in the meantime reduce the high demand on the dimensions required by the PNNs. The underlying cause of this strategy is the enormous…

Photospheric Helium Abundance in Cool Giants -- A Comprehensive Study
B. P. Hema (Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Koramangala II Block, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India), Gajendra Pandey (Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Koramangala II Block, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00801

Photospheric Helium Abundance in Cool Giants -- A Comprehensive Study
High-resolution optical spectra of sixteen red giants, two early asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, and two supergiants, having no/minimal to super lithium (Li)-rich abundances, are analyzed to investigate the helium (He)-enhancement. The spectra of eight giants were obtained from the Himalayan Chandra Telescope, and for the rest of the program stars the spectral data were collected from various public archives. Our detailed abundance analyses of the program stars involve the determination of…

Ford plant für 2027 einen elektrischen #PickUp in #Mittelgröße zum Einstiegspreis von 30.000 Dollar.
Im Unterschied zu Konkurrenten wie Slate Auto soll das Modell ohne Komfortverzicht auskommen. Möglich machen das neue Produktionsverfahren und eine eigene EV-Plattform mit Lithium-…

Ford verspricht elektrischen Pick-up-Truck um 30.000 Dollar
Das "mittelgroße" Fahrzeug soll bereits 2027 erhältlich werden

A Model-Free Detection Method for Internal Short Circuits in Single Lithium-ion Cells Using Pseudo Open-Circuit Voltage Difference
Yangyang Xu, Chenglin Liao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13394

A Model-Free Detection Method for Internal Short Circuits in Single Lithium-ion Cells Using Pseudo Open-Circuit Voltage Difference
This letter proposes a lightweight, model-free online diagnostic framework for detecting internal short circuits (ISC) in single lithium-ion cells under dynamic operating conditions. The core of the method lies in computing the first-order difference of pseudo open-circuit voltage ($\boldsymbol{\mathrm{OCV}_{\text{pseudo}}}$) to extract high-frequency deviations caused by ISC events from low-frequency polarization variations. The method relies solely on terminal voltage, current measurements, a…

Corner-Sharing PS$_4$-BS$_4$ Modes Facilitate Fast Ion Conduction in Lithium Thioborophosphate Iodide Glassy Solid Electrolytes
Yun An
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08215

Corner-Sharing PS$_4$-BS$_4$ Modes Facilitate Fast Ion Conduction in Lithium Thioborophosphate Iodide Glassy Solid Electrolytes
Glassy solid electrolytes (GSEs), with their amorphous nature and the absence of grain boundaries, make them highly attractive for applications in all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs), a leading candidate for next-generation energy storage technologies. A recently developed lithium thioborophosphate iodide GSE, composed of 30Li$_2$S-25B$_2$S$_3$-45LiI-5P$_2$S$_5$ (LBPSI), has demonstrated excellent room-temperature ionic conductivity and low activation energy. Despite this exciting findin…

BattBee: Equivalent Circuit Modeling and Early Detection of Thermal Runaway Triggered by Internal Short Circuits for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Sangwon Kang, Hao Tu, Huazhen Fang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.13577

BattBee: Equivalent Circuit Modeling and Early Detection of Thermal Runaway Triggered by Internal Short Circuits for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Lithium-ion batteries are the enabling power source for transportation electrification. However, in real-world applications, they remain vulnerable to internal short circuits (ISCs) and the consequential risk of thermal runaway (TR). Toward addressing the challenge of ISCs and TR, we undertake a systematic study that extends from dynamic modeling to fault detection in this paper. First, we develop {\em BattBee}, the first equivalent circuit model to specifically describe the onset of ISCs and t…

Bistable quartic soliton in saturable nonlinear media
Tiyas Das, Anuj Pratim Lara, Samudra Roy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.23847 https://

Bistable quartic soliton in saturable nonlinear media
In this letter, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, we theoretically demonstrate the existence of novel bistable quartic soliton (BQS) in saturable nonlinear media. We propose a realistic dispersion-engineered ridge waveguide based on Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) that offers a suitable environment to excite the family of BQS. Adopting the variational method we analytically establish the amplitude-width relation which reveals that stable QSs with identical duration but two different …

Revealing Nanoscale Ni-Oxidation State Variations in Single-Crystal NMC811 via 2D and 3D Spectro-Ptychography
Ralf F. Ziesche, Michael J. Johnson, Ingo Manke, Joshua H. Cruddos, Alice V. Llewellyn, Chun Tan, Rhodri Jervis, Paul R. Shearing, Christoph Rau, Alexander J. E. Rettie, Silvia Cipiccia, Darren Batey
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.2283…

Revealing Nanoscale Ni-Oxidation State Variations in Single-Crystal NMC811 via 2D and 3D Spectro-Ptychography
Enabling lithium (Li)-ion batteries with higher energy densities, longer cycle life, and lower costs will underpin the widespread electrification of the transportation and large-scale energy storage industries. Nickel (Ni)-rich layered oxide cathodes, such as LiNi$_{x}$Mn$_{y}$Co$_{z}$O$_{2}$ (NMC, x > 0.8), have gained popularity due to their high specific capacities and lower cobalt content. However, the standard polycrystalline morphology suffers from accelerated degradation at voltages abov…

Monolithic low-noise erbium-doped thin-film lithium niobate waveguide amplifier with 18 dB fiber to fiber net gain
Mengqi Li, Jianping Yu, Zhe Wang, Botao Fu, Rongbo Wu, Min Wang, Haisu Zhang, Ya Cheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11941

Monolithic low-noise erbium-doped thin-film lithium niobate waveguide amplifier with 18 dB fiber to fiber net gain
Erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers have captured great attentions in recent years due to the rapid advance of photonic integration materials and fabrication techniques. In this work, a compact erbium-doped thin-film lithium niobate waveguide amplifier integrated with high-efficiency edge-couplers on the small footprint of 2 mm{\cross}25 mm, achieving >18 dB fiber-to-fiber (off-chip) net gain with bidirectional pumping by ~1480 nm laser diodes, is fabricated by the photolithography assisted chemo…

Unveiling the Lithium-Ion Transport Mechanism in Li2ZrCl6 Solid-State Electrolyte via Deep Learning-Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Hanzeng Guo, Volodymyr Koverga, Selva Chandrasekaran Selvaraj, Anh T. Ngo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05598

Unveiling the Lithium-Ion Transport Mechanism in Li2ZrCl6 Solid-State Electrolyte via Deep Learning-Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Lithium zirconium chlorides (LZCs) present a promising class of cost-effective solid electrolyte for next-generation all-solid-state batteries. The unique crystal structure of LZCs plays a crucial role in facilitating lithium-ion mobility, which is central to their electrochemical performance. To understand the underlying mechanism governing ion transport, we employed deep learning-accelerated molecular dynamics simulation on Li2ZrCl6 (trigonal α- and monoclinic \b{eta}-LZC), focusing specific…

Squeezed Light Generation in Periodically Poled Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Waveguides
Xiaodong Shi, Angela Anna Baiju, Xu Chen, Sakthi Sanjeev Mohanraj, Sihao Wang, Veerendra Dhyani, Biveen Shajilal, Mengyao Zhao, Ran Yang, Yue Li, Guangxing Wu, Hao Hao, Victor Leong, Ping Koy Lam, Di Zhu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08599

Squeezed Light Generation in Periodically Poled Thin-Film Lithium Niobate Waveguides
Squeezed states of light play a key role in quantum-enhanced sensing and continuous-variable quantum information processing. Realizing integrated squeezed light sources is crucial for developing compact and scalable photonic quantum systems. In this work, we demonstrate on-chip broadband vacuum squeezing at telecommunication wavelengths on the thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform. Our device integrates periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) nanophotonic waveguides with low-loss edge cou…

A virtual sensor fusion approach for state of charge estimation of lithium-ion cells
Davide Previtali, Daniele Masti, Mirko Mazzoleni, Fabio Previdi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04268

A virtual sensor fusion approach for state of charge estimation of lithium-ion cells
This paper addresses the estimation of the State Of Charge (SOC) of lithium-ion cells via the combination of two widely used paradigms: Kalman Filters (KFs) equipped with Equivalent Circuit Models (ECMs) and machine-learning approaches. In particular, a recent Virtual Sensor (VS) synthesis technique is considered, which operates as follows: (i) learn an Affine Parameter-Varying (APV) model of the cell directly from data, (ii) derive a bank of linear observers from the APV model, (iii) train a m…

Microstructure of Silicon Anodes in Solid-State Batteries -- From Crystalline to Amorphous
Shamail Ahmed, Federico Rossi, Hanyu Huo, Johannes Haust, Franziska Hueppe, Juergen Belz, Andreas Beyer, Juergen Janek, Kerstin Volz
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16561

Microstructure of Silicon Anodes in Solid-State Batteries -- From Crystalline to Amorphous
Silicon offers great promise as a potential anode active material and the optimum alternative to lithium metal in all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries. However, its practical application is limited by severe volume expansion (~300%) during lithiation, leading to cracking upon delithiation. In this study, we investigated the microstructural evolution of microcrystalline silicon electrodes in a solid-electrolyte-free environment using cryogenic scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) du…

Probing Binary Architectures of Lithium-Rich Giants in GALAH with COSMIC and Stellar Models
Maryum Sayeed, Selina Yang, Giulia Cinquegrana, Melissa K. Ness, Katelyn Breivik, Andrew R. Casey, Sven Buder, Amanda I. Karakas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05359

Probing Binary Architectures of Lithium-Rich Giants in GALAH with COSMIC and Stellar Models
Surface lithium is depleted when a star goes through the first dredge-up phase, yet $1\%$ of red giants are found to be Li-rich. The formation mechanism for these remains uncertain. We combine observational constraints from GALAH Li-rich giants, with the binary population synthesis code COSMIC to investigate system properties of these objects assuming binary mass transfer. By evolving 9 million binary systems, we find that binary histories most consistent with observational constraints are mass…

Lithiation Analysis of Metal Components for Li-Ion Battery using Ion Beams
Arturo Galindo, Neubi Xavier, Noelia Maldonado, Jes\'us D\'iaz-S\'anchez, Carmen Morant, Gast\'on Garc\'ia, Celia Polop, Qiong Cai, Enrique Vasco
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21017

Lithiation Analysis of Metal Components for Li-Ion Battery using Ion Beams
Metal components are extensively used as current collectors, anodes, and interlayers in lithium-ion batteries. Integrating these functions into one component enhances the cell energy density and simplifies its design. However, this multifunctional component must meet stringent requirements, including high and reversible Li storage capacity, rapid lithiation/delithiation kinetics, mechanical stability, and safety. Six single-atom metals (Mg, Zn, Al, Ag, Sn and Cu) are screened for lithiation beh…

Heterogeneously integrated lithium tantalate-on-silicon nitride modulators for high-speed communications
Jiachen Cai, Alexander Kotz, Hugo Larocque, Chengli Wang, Xinru Ji, Junyin Zhang, Daniel Drayss, Xin Ou, Christian Koos, Tobias J. Kippenberg
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06265

Heterogeneously integrated lithium tantalate-on-silicon nitride modulators for high-speed communications
Driven by the prospects of higher bandwidths for optical interconnects, integrated modulators involving materials beyond those available in silicon manufacturing increasingly rely on the Pockels effect. For instance, wafer-scale bonding of lithium niobate films onto ultralow loss silicon nitride photonic integrated circuits provides heterogeneous integrated devices with low modulation voltages operating at higher speeds than silicon photonics. However, in spite of its excellent electro-optic mo…

In-situ SHG microscopy investigation of the domain-wall-conductivity enhancement procedure in lithium niobate
Iuliia Kiseleva, Boris Koppitz, Elke Beyreuther, Matthias Roeper, Samuel D. Seddon, Lukas M. Eng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07466

In-situ SHG microscopy investigation of the domain-wall-conductivity enhancement procedure in lithium niobate
Conductive domain walls (CDWs) in the uniaxial ferroelectric lithium niobate (LiNbO$_3$, LN) have attracted a lot of interest as potential elements in 2D nanoelectronics, due to their orders-of-magnitude larger electronic AC and DC conductivities as compared to the host material. On the way towards generating standardized CDWs into z-cut bulk LN crystals with controllable geometry and electrical properties, we have encountered setbacks recently: Although the first preparation step, i.e., the es…

Visible Brillouin-quadratic microlaser in a high-Q thin-film lithium niobate microdisk
Xiaochao Luo, Chuntao Li, Xingzhao Huang, Jintian Lin, Renhong Gao, Yifei Yao, Yingnuo Qiu, Yixuan Yang, Lei Wang, Huakang Yu, Ya Cheng
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.08615

Visible Brillouin-quadratic microlaser in a high-Q thin-film lithium niobate microdisk
Narrow-linewidth lasers at short/visible wavelengths are crucial for quantum and atomic applications, such as atomic clocks, quantum computing, atomic and molecular spectroscopy, and quantum sensing. However, such lasers are often only accessible in bulky tabletop systems and remain scarce in integrated photonic platform. Here, we report an on-chip visible Brillouin-quadratic microlaser in a 117-um-diameter thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) microdisk via dispersion engineering. Enabled by the ul…

Vacuum Dealloyed Brass as Li-Metal Battery Current Collector: Effect of Zinc and Porosity
Eric V Woods, Xinren Chen, Shaolou Wei, Alisson Kwiatkowski da Silva, Ayman A El-Zoka, J Manoj Prabhakar, Tim M Schwarz, Yongqiang Kang, Leonardo S Aota, Mahander P Singh, Katja Angenendt, Ozge Ozgun, Matic Jovivcevic-Klug, Patricia Jovivcevic-Klug, Christian Bross, Jian Liu, Rene de Kloe, Gerhard Dehm, Stefan Zaefferer, Yug Joshi, Baptiste Gault

Vacuum Dealloyed Brass as Li-Metal Battery Current Collector: Effect of Zinc and Porosity
"Anode-free" lithium-metal batteries promise significantly higher energy density than conventional graphite-based lithium-ion batteries; however, lithium dendrite growth can lead to internal short circuits with associated safety risks. While porous current collectors can suppress dendrite growth, optimal porosity and composition remain unknown. Here, we show that the temperature during vapor phase dealloying (VPD) of alpha-brass (Cu63Zn37) controls the surface Zn concentration, decreasing from …

Deciphering the interplay between wetting and chemo-mechanical fracture in lithium-ion battery cathode materials
Wan-Xin Chen, Luis J. Carrillo, Arnab Maji, Xiang-Long Peng, Joseph Handy, Sarbajit Banerjee, Bai-Xiang Xu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04574

Deciphering the interplay between wetting and chemo-mechanical fracture in lithium-ion battery cathode materials
Crack growth in lithium-ion battery electrodes is typically detrimental and undesirable. However, recent experiments suggest that stabilized fracture of cathode active materials in liquid electrolytes can increase electrochemically active surfaces, shorten diffusion pathway, enhance (de)lithiation and improve overall capacity. To decipher the fundamental couplings between electrolyte wetting and fracture evolution and evaluate their influences on macroscopic battery performance, we conducted an…

Revealing the Staging Structural Evolution and Li (De)Intercalation Kinetics in Graphite Anodes via Machine Learning Potential
Liqi Wang, Xuhe Gong, Zicun Li, Ruijuan Xiao, Hong Li
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06156

Revealing the Staging Structural Evolution and Li (De)Intercalation Kinetics in Graphite Anodes via Machine Learning Potential
Revealing the dynamic structural evolution and lithium transport properties during the charge/discharge processes is crucial for optimizing graphite anodes in lithium-ion batteries, enabling high stability and fast-charging performance. However, the dynamic coupling mechanisms among carbon layer kinetics, lithium (de)intercalation/diffusion, and defects regulation remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we developed a universal automated workflow based on machine learning potentials to…