Tootfinder

Sparse Regression LDPC Codes for the Block-Fading Non-Coherent SIMO Channel
Alexander Fengler, Burak \c{C}akmak, Giuseppe Caire
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.16376 https://

Sparse Regression LDPC Codes for the Block-Fading Non-Coherent SIMO Channel
Sparse regression codes (SPARCs) are a class of codes that encode information through the superposition of columns of a randomised coding matrix. The combination with an outer non-binary low density parity check (NB-LDPC) code was recently shown to improve the finite-length performance of these codes over the unfaded AWGN channel. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity approximate message passing (AMP) decoder that is capable of decoding NB-LDPC encoded SPARCs on a Rayleigh fading channel w…

When someone tells me I’m a lonely human being sitting behind my computer, I’ll tell you what has changed, I’m not alone anymore, and that’s what should matter. I have over 777 followers on Mastodon, some who fight against injustice, some who live and breathe Linux, and others who are queer, trans, or non-binary, people who share my thoughts and beliefs.
So when they say I’m a lonely freak, I look at the 777 plus people who follow me for who I truly am, and that connection means everyt…

Radio Observations of a Candidate Redback Millisecond Pulsar: 1FGL J0523.5-2529
O. A. Johnson, E. F. Keane, D. J. McKenna, H. Qiu, S. J. Swihart, J. Strader, M. McLaughlin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15435

Radio Observations of a Candidate Redback Millisecond Pulsar: 1FGL J0523.5-2529
Redback pulsars are a subclass of millisecond pulsar system with a low-mass non-degenerate companion star being ablated by the pulsar. They are of interest due to the insights they can provide for late-stage pulsar evolution during the recycling process. J0523.5-2529 is one such candidate where redback-like emission has been seen at multiple wavelengths except radio. It is a system with a binary orbit of 16.5 hours and a low-mass non-degenerate companion of approximately 0.8 solar masses. The a…

Handy Relation Between Binary Black Hole Merger Times and Host Galaxy Properties
Kelly Holley-Bockelmann (Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, Department of Physics, Fisk University, Nashville, TN), Fazeel Khan (New York University Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Center for Astrophysics and Space Science), Isaiah Williams (Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN), Jaelyn Roth (Department of Physics and Astronomy, …

Handy Relation Between Binary Black Hole Merger Times and Host Galaxy Properties
Over the past 15 years, the evidence has clearly demonstrated that massive black hole (MBH) binary merger timescales depend strongly on the structural and kinematic properties of their host galaxy. Stellar density, gas content, shape and kinematics all play a role, combining in non-linear ways to effect the evolution of the binary. The binary properties themselves, such as eccentricity, mass ratio, and orbital plane, all matter as well. This makes it nontrivial to estimate accurate cosmological…

Pulsating and Non-pulsating Components of Detached Eclipsing Binaries in the $\delta$ Scuti instability strip
Filiz Kahraman Ali\c{c}avu\c{s}, Fahri Ali\c{c}avu\c{s}, Zeynep \c{C}elik Orhan, Eda \c{C}elik, Giovanni Catanzaro, Marina Giarrusso
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14464

Pulsating and Non-pulsating Components of Detached Eclipsing Binaries in the $δ$ Scuti instability strip
Pulsating detached eclipsing binary systems are crucial for studying the internal structure of oscillating stars. These systems are advantageous because binary effects on pulsations are minimal, allowing for more accurate determinations of fundamental stellar parameters such as mass and radius. They serve as unique laboratories for detailed investigations of pulsating stars. In this study, we focused on four detached eclipsing binaries exhibiting $δ$ Scuti-type oscillations: HD 117476, 205 Dra…

Weekend Reads
* IPv6 adoption measurement https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11678
* Starlink capacity analysis https://

Towards a Non-Binary View of IPv6 Adoption
Twelve years have passed since World IPv6 Launch Day, but what is the current state of IPv6 deployment? Prior work has examined IPv6 status as a binary: can you use IPv6, or not? As deployment increases we must consider a more nuanced, non-binary perspective on IPv6: how much and often can a user or a service use IPv6? We consider this question as a client, server, and cloud provider. Considering the client's perspective, we observe user traffic. We see that the fraction of IPv6 traffic a user …

Canada deportation paused over U.S. #LGBTQ2S risk: judge
https://www.ctvnews.ca/canada/article/non-binary-persons-us-deportation-paused-due-to-risks-faced-by-lgbtq2s-people/

FocalCodec-Stream: Streaming Low-Bitrate Speech Coding via Causal Distillation
Luca Della Libera, Cem Subakan, Mirco Ravanelli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.16195 https://

FocalCodec-Stream: Streaming Low-Bitrate Speech Coding via Causal Distillation
Neural audio codecs are a fundamental component of modern generative audio pipelines. Although recent codecs achieve strong low-bitrate reconstruction and provide powerful representations for downstream tasks, most are non-streamable, limiting their use in real-time applications. We present FocalCodec-Stream, a hybrid codec based on focal modulation that compresses speech into a single binary codebook at 0.55 - 0.80 kbps with a theoretical latency of 80 ms. Our approach combines multi-stage cau…

A Self-Ensemble Inspired Approach for Effective Training of Binary-Weight Spiking Neural Networks
Qingyan Meng, Mingqing Xiao, Zhengyu Ma, Huihui Zhou, Yonghong Tian, Zhouchen Lin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12609

A Self-Ensemble Inspired Approach for Effective Training of Binary-Weight Spiking Neural Networks
Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a promising approach to low-power applications on neuromorphic hardware due to their energy efficiency. However, training SNNs is challenging because of the non-differentiable spike generation function. To address this issue, the commonly used approach is to adopt the backpropagation through time framework, while assigning the gradient of the non-differentiable function with some surrogates. Similarly, Binary Neural Networks (BNNs) also face the non-differenti…

Towards a Non-Binary View of IPv6 Adoption
Sulyab Thottungal Valapu, John Heidemann
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11678 https://arxiv.or…

Towards a Non-Binary View of IPv6 Adoption
Twelve years have passed since World IPv6 Launch Day, but what is the current state of IPv6 deployment? Prior work has examined IPv6 status as a binary: can you use IPv6, or not? As deployment increases we must consider a more nuanced, non-binary perspective on IPv6: how much and often can a user or a service use IPv6? We consider this question as a client, server, and cloud provider. Considering the client's perspective, we observe user traffic. We see that the fraction of IPv6 traffic a user …

Sampled-Based Guided Quantum Walk: Non-variational quantum algorithm for combinatorial optimization
Ugo Nzongani, Dylan Laplace Mermoud, Giuseppe Di Molfetta, Andrea Simonetto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15138

Sampled-Based Guided Quantum Walk: Non-variational quantum algorithm for combinatorial optimization
We introduce SamBa-GQW, a novel quantum algorithm for solving binary combinatorial optimization problems of arbitrary degree with no use of any classical optimizer. The algorithm is based on a continuous-time quantum walk on the solution space represented as a graph. The walker explores the solution space to find its way to vertices that minimize the cost function of the optimization problem. The key novelty of our algorithm is an offline classical sampling protocol that gives information about…

International Non-Binary People’s Day! 💛🤍💜🖤 This day deserves to be celebrated every single day. I love my fellow non-binary people, you always bring a smile to my face!
#NonBinary #LGBTQIA

A dynamical dichotomy in large binary asteroids
K. Minker, B. Carry, F. Vachier, M. Marsset, J. \v{D}urech, J. Hanu\v{s}, L. Liberato, W. J. Merline, J. L. Margot, C. Dumas, L. M. Close, A. Conrad, W. M. Grundy, R. Behrend, R. Roy, J. Berthier, I. Sokova, E. Sokov, D. Gorshanov, M. Ferrais, E. Jehin, A. Martin, K. B. Alton
https://

A dynamical dichotomy in large binary asteroids
No less than 15% of large (diameter greater than 140 km) asteroids have satellites. The commonly accepted mechanism for their formation is post-impact reaccumulation. However, the detailed physical and dynamical properties of these systems are not well understood, and many of them have not been studied in detail. We aim to study the population of large binary asteroid systems. To do so, we compare the gravitational fields predicted from the shape of the primary body with the non-Keplerian gravi…

Propagation of chaos for first-order mean-field systems with non-attractive moderately singular interaction
Richard M. H\"ofer, Richard Schubert
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14022

Propagation of chaos for first-order mean-field systems with non-attractive moderately singular interaction
We consider particle systems that evolve by inertialess binary interaction through general non-attractive kernels of singularity $|x|^{-α}$ with $α

The way they symbolised non binary was cute, I think.

Abstract computation over first-order structures. Part IIb: Moschovakis' operator and other non-determinisms
Christine Ga{\ss}ner
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.03827

Abstract computation over first-order structures. Part IIb: Moschovakis' operator and other non-determinisms
BSS RAMs were introduced to provide a mathematical framework for characterizing algorithms over first-order structures. Non-deterministic BSS RAMs help to model different non-deterministic approaches. Here, we deal with different types of binary non-determinisms and study the consequences of the decidability of the identity relation and the decidability of finite sets consisting of one or two constants. We compare the binary non-determinism resulting from a non-deterministic branching process, …

The Demographics of Binary Companions to Stripped-Envelope Supernovae: Confronting Observations with Population Synthesis
E. Zapartas, O. D. Fox, J. Su, D. Souropanis, M. R. Drout, K. A. Rocha, S. D. van Dyk, B. F. Williams, M. Briel, M. Renzo, J. J. Andrews, T. Fragos, S. Gossage, M. U. Kruckow, C. Liotine, S. D. Ryder, P. M. Srivastava, E. Teng
https://

The Demographics of Binary Companions to Stripped-Envelope Supernovae: Confronting Observations with Population Synthesis
Stripped-envelope supernovae (SESNe) mark the deaths of massive stars without hydrogen-rich envelopes. Most SESNe likely originate from binary systems where a companion stripped the progenitor of its envelope. Years of HST imaging of nearby SESNe sites have produced a statistically meaningful sample of constraints on surviving binary companions. We assemble the current sample of six companion detections and six non-detections from the literature, re-analyzing whenever needed. We then conduct th…

Hi to all my NB followers! Have some 16'hxzzx (4-state logic counts as non binary, right?)

Additive Problems with Primes from a Thin Bohr Set
Sarvagya Jain
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12139 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.12139

Additive Problems with Primes from a Thin Bohr Set
For an irrational $α\in \mathbb{R}$, we consider additive problems with the set of primes satisfying $\lVertαp\rVert\leq \frac{1}{p^τ}$ for some fixed $τ>0$. In particular, we show that there exist infinitely many non-trivial three-term arithmetic progressions in the set of primes satisfying $\lVert αp\rVert\leq \frac{1}{p^τ}$ for $τ\in(0, \tfrac18)$. We also consider a binary Goldbach-type problem.

Improved Binary Black Hole Search Discriminator from the Singular Value Decomposition of Non-Gaussian Noise Transients
Tathagata Ghosh, Sukanta Bose, Sanjeev Dhurandhar, Sunil Choudhary
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04628

Improved Binary Black Hole Search Discriminator from the Singular Value Decomposition of Non-Gaussian Noise Transients
The sensitivity of current gravitational wave (GW) detectors to transient GW signals is severely affected by a variety of non-Gaussian and non-stationary noise transients, such as the blip and tomte "glitches". These glitches share some time-frequency resemblance with GW signals from massive binary black holes. In earlier works [Joshi et al., Phys. Rev. D 103, 044035 (2021); Choudhary et al., Phys. Rev. D 110, 044051 (2024)], the authors presented a method for constructing a $χ^2$-distributed …

Reveal-Bangla: A Dataset for Cross-Lingual Multi-Step Reasoning Evaluation
Khondoker Ittehadul Islam, Gabriele Sarti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08933 https://

Reveal-Bangla: A Dataset for Cross-Lingual Multi-Step Reasoning Evaluation
Language models have demonstrated remarkable performance on complex multi-step reasoning tasks. However, their evaluation has been predominantly confined to high-resource languages such as English. In this paper, we introduce a manually translated Bangla multi-step reasoning dataset derived from the English Reveal dataset, featuring both binary and non-binary question types. We conduct a controlled evaluation of English-centric and Bangla-centric multilingual small language models on the origin…

Systematic Search for Electromagnetic Counterparts to the Binary Neutron Star Merger Candidate GW231109_235456
Zhirui Li, Zhiwei Chen, Yang Huang, Youjun Lu, Jifeng Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14124

Systematic Search for Electromagnetic Counterparts to the Binary Neutron Star Merger Candidate GW231109_235456
In this letter, we present a systematic search for the electromagnetic counterparts of binary neutron star (BNS) merger candidate GW231109_235456 by examining all transients reported within the 90% probability region and detected within four days of the merger. While non-detection in $γ$-ray, we identify two optical candidates, each associated with and residing in a host galaxy, which locate within 330 Mpc from earth; notably, one of them, AT2023xqy, is located at a distance of $178.6$ Mpc, in…

Enjoying Non-linearity in Multinomial Logistic Bandits
Pierre Boudart (PSL, DI-ENS, Inria), Pierre Gaillard (PSL, DI-ENS, Inria), Alessandro Rudi (PSL, DI-ENS, Inria)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05306

Enjoying Non-linearity in Multinomial Logistic Bandits
We consider the multinomial logistic bandit problem, a variant of generalized linear bandits where a learner interacts with an environment by selecting actions to maximize expected rewards based on probabilistic feedback from multiple possible outcomes. In the binary setting, recent work has focused on understanding the impact of the non-linearity of the logistic model (Faury et al., 2020; Abeille et al., 2021). They introduced a problem-dependent constant $κ_*$, that may be exponentially larg…

Fast Polarisation-Aware Decoder for Non-Binary Polar Codes
Joseph Jabbour, Ali Chamas Al-Ghouwayel, Emmanuel Boutillon
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.09554 https://

Fast Polarisation-Aware Decoder for Non-Binary Polar Codes
The paper investigates the emerging field of low-complexity non-binary polar code (NB-PC) decoders. It shows that customizing each kernel of an NB-PC decoder through offline analysis can significantly reduce the overall decoding complexity. The proposed decoder, referred to as the Fast Successive Cancellation-Polarization Aware (FSC-PA) scheme, achieves this by minimizing the computational load of parity-check nodes that share the same level of input polarization. The NB polar decoder is develo…

Near-Field Spatial non-Stationary Channel Estimation: Visibility-Region-HMM-Aided Polar-Domain Simultaneous OMP
Thibaut Ceulemans, Cel Thys, Robbert Beerten, Zhuangzhuang Cui, Sofie Pollin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04222

Near-Field Spatial non-Stationary Channel Estimation: Visibility-Region-HMM-Aided Polar-Domain Simultaneous OMP
This work focuses on channel estimation in extremely large aperture array (ELAA) systems, where near-field propagation and spatial non-stationarity introduce complexities that hinder the effectiveness of traditional estimation techniques. A physics-based hybrid channel model is developed, incorporating non-binary visibility region (VR) masks to simulate diffraction-induced power variations across the antenna array. To address the estimation challenges posed by these channel conditions, a novel …

Shoutout on International Non-Binary People’s Day! 💛🤍💜🖤
Celebrating all the amazing non-binary folks out there, especially my favorite LGBTQIA content creator, Lynn Saga!
https://www.youtube.com/@lynnsaga1397
🏳️‍🌈 🏳️‍⚧️

In-Memory Non-Binary LDPC Decoding
Oscar Ferraz, Vitor Silva, Gabriel Falcao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03567 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.03567

In-Memory Non-Binary LDPC Decoding
Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are an important feature of several communication and storage applications, offering a flexible and effective method for error correction. These codes are computationally complex and require the exploitation of parallel processing to meet real-time constraints. As advancements in arithmetic and logic unit technology allowed for higher performance of computing systems, memory technology has not kept the same pace of development, creating a data movement bott…

Learning Binary Sampling Patterns for Single-Pixel Imaging using Bilevel Optimisation
Serban C. Tudosie, Alexander Denker, Zeljko Kereta, Simon Arridge
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19068

Learning Binary Sampling Patterns for Single-Pixel Imaging using Bilevel Optimisation
Single-Pixel Imaging enables reconstructing objects using a single detector through sequential illuminations with structured light patterns. We propose a bilevel optimisation method for learning task-specific, binary illumination patterns, optimised for applications like single-pixel fluorescence microscopy. We address the non-differentiable nature of binary pattern optimisation using the Straight-Through Estimator and leveraging a Total Deep Variation regulariser in the bilevel formulation. We…

Portable Silent Room: Exploring VR Design for Anxiety and Emotion Regulation for Neurodivergent Women and Non-Binary Individuals
Kinga Skiers, Yun Suen Pai, Marina Nakagawa, Kouta Minamizawa, Giulia Barbareschi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18591

Portable Silent Room: Exploring VR Design for Anxiety and Emotion Regulation for Neurodivergent Women and Non-Binary Individuals
Neurodivergent individuals, particularly those with Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), frequently experience anxiety, panic attacks, meltdowns, and emotional dysregulation due to societal pressures and inadequate accommodations. These challenges are especially pronounced for neurodivergent women and non-binary individuals navigating intersecting barriers of neurological differences and gender expectations. This research investigates virtual reality (VR) as a portable sa…

Sharp Error-Rate Transitions in Quantum QC-LDPC Codes under Joint BP Decoding
Daiki Komoto, Kenta Kasai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11534 https://

Sharp Error-Rate Transitions in Quantum QC-LDPC Codes under Joint BP Decoding
In this study, we report that quantum quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check codes decoded via joint belief propagation (BP) exhibit steep error-rate curves, despite the presence of error floors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first observation of such threshold-like behavior for quantum codes with non-vanishing coding rate, excluding those decoded with non-binary BP decoders. Moreover, we find that dominant error events contributing to the error floor typically involve only a small n…

A Non-leveled and Reliable Approximate FHE Framework through Binarized Polynomial Rings
Baigang Chen, Dongfang Zhao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02943 https://

A Non-leveled and Reliable Approximate FHE Framework through Binarized Polynomial Rings
Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables secure computation on encrypted data, safeguarding user privacy in domains such as cloud computing, healthcare, and finance. Among fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) schemes, CKKS is notable for supporting approximate arithmetic over complex numbers, a key requirement for machine-learning and numerical workloads. However, CKKS incurs rapid noise growth, complex parameter tuning, and relies on costly modulus switching. We propose a binary variant of CKKS that …

Global Predecessor Indexing: Avoiding Binary Search in Weighted Job Scheduling
Amit Joshi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22922 https://ar…

Global Predecessor Indexing: Avoiding Binary Search in Weighted Job Scheduling
We present an improved solution to the Weighted Job Scheduling (WJS) problem. While the classical dynamic programming (DP) solution runs in $O(n \log(n))$ time due to comparison-based sorting and per-job binary search, we eliminate the binary search bottleneck. In its place, we introduce a novel multi-phase preprocessing technique called Global Predecessor Indexing (GPI), which computes the latest non-overlapping job (i.e., the predecessor) for all jobs via a two-pointer linear-time pass. GPI e…

IP Models for Minimum Zero Forcing Sets, Forts, and Related Graph Parameters
Thomas R. Cameron, Jonad Pulaj
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.07293 https://arxiv.…

IP Models for Minimum Zero Forcing Sets, Forts, and Related Graph Parameters
Zero forcing is a binary coloring game on a graph where a set of filled vertices can force non-filled vertices to become filled following a color change rule. In 2008, the zero forcing number of a graph was shown to be an upper bound on its maximum nullity. In addition, the combinatorial optimization problem for the zero forcing number was shown to be NP-hard. Since then, the study of zero forcing and its related parameters has received considerable attention. In 2018, the forts of a graph were…

My first Pride as an out non-binary person. I felt the love <3 #BirminghamUK #KingsHeath #QueensHeathPride

Unclustered BWTs of any Length over Non-Binary Alphabets
Gabriele Fici, Est\'eban Gabory, Giuseppe Romana, Marinella Sciortino
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20879 https://

Unclustered BWTs of any Length over Non-Binary Alphabets
We prove that for every integer $n > 0$ and for every alphabet $Σ_k$ of size $k \geq 3$, there exists a necklace of length $n$ whose Burrows-Wheeler Transform (BWT) is completely unclustered, i.e., it consists of exactly $n$ runs with no two consecutive equal symbols. These words represent the worst-case behavior of the BWT for clustering, since the number of BWT runs is maximized. We also establish a lower bound on their number. This contrasts with the binary case, where the existence of infi…

Large deviations for Generalized Polya Urns with non-binary increments
Simone Franchini
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.22234 https://arxi…

Large deviations for Generalized Polya Urns with non-binary increments
In this paper we show how to extend the Sample-Path Large Deviation Principle for the urn model of Hill, Lane and Sudderth to the case in which the increment of the urn is not a binary variable. In particular, we sketch how to modify the Theorem 1 given in [Stochastic Processes and their Applications 127 (2017) 3372-3411] to include also urn processes with increments taking more than two values.

Stabilization and Regaining Periodicity in Modular Laplacian Dynamics
Ma{\l}gorzata Nowak-K\k{e}pczyk
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05815 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Stabilization and Regaining Periodicity in Modular Laplacian Dynamics
We study discrete Laplacians on two-dimensional lattices under modular iterations, focusing on the emergence of nontrivial large-scale patterns. While purely binary or constant modular sequences quickly collapse into strict periodicity, the insertion of a single non-binary step k yields qualitatively new behavior. Through extensive computer-assisted exploration we identify a taxonomy of long-lived figures - rugs, quasi-carpets, and carpets - whose occurrence depends systematically on seed symme…

Characterizing the Time Variability of 2M1207 A b with JWST NIRSpec/PRISM
Arthur D. Adams, Yifan Zhou, Gabriel Dominique-Marleau, Daniel Apai, Beth A. Biller, Aarynn L. Carter, Johanna M. Vos, Niall Whiteford, Stephan Birkmann, Theodora Karalidi, Xianyu Tan, Jason Wang, Yuhiko Aoyama, Brendan P. Bowler, Micka\"el Bonnefoy, Jun Hashimoto
https://

Characterizing the Time Variability of 2M1207 A+b with JWST NIRSpec/PRISM
We present JWST NIRSpec/PRISM IFU time-resolved observations of 2M1207 A and b (TWA 27), a $\sim 10$ Myr binary system consisting of a $\sim 2500$ K sub-stellar primary hosting a $\sim 1300$ K companion. Our data provide 20 time-resolved spectra over an observation spanning 12.56 hours. We provide an empirical characterization for the spectra of both objects across time. For 2M1207 A, non-linear trend models are statistically favored within the ranges 0.6-2.3 $μ$m and 3.8-5.3 $μ$m. However, m…

Emergence of long-range non-equilibrium correlations in free liquid diffusion
Marco Bussoletti (Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome), Mirko Gallo (Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome), Amir Jafari (Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The Johns Hopkins University), Gregory L. Eyink (Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Physics, Th…

Emergence of long-range non-equilibrium correlations in free liquid diffusion
It is experimentally well-established that non-equilibrium long-range correlations of concentration fluctuations appear in free diffusion of a solute in a solvent, but it remains unknown how such correlations are established dynamically. We address this problem in a model of Donev, Fai \& Vanden-Eijnden (DFV), obtained from the high-Schmidt limit of the Landau-Lifschitz fluctuating hydrodynamic equations for a binary mixture. We consider an initial planar interface of the mean concentration fie…

Characterisation of Irradiation Damage in Fe3Cr and Fe5Cr: A Study on the Effects of Chromium Content and Temperature
Chandra Bhusan Yadav, Andrew J. London, Tonci Tadic, Ruqing Xu, Wenjun Liu, Stjepko Fazinic, Suchandrima Das
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09018

Characterisation of Irradiation Damage in Fe3Cr and Fe5Cr: A Study on the Effects of Chromium Content and Temperature
Fe-Cr binary alloys serve as simplified model systems to study irradiation damage relevant to fusion structural materials. Here, Fe-3%Cr and Fe-5%Cr samples were irradiated with 4 MeV Fe ions under a dose rate of 4x10^5 dpa/s across a linear thermal gradient (120C to 480C) in a single experiment, enabling direct comparison of temperature and Cr content effects under identical conditions. Depth-resolved Laue micro-diffraction (~10^4 strain sensitivity), nanoindentation, and AFM reveal non-monoto…

A general Fourier expansion of post-Newtonian binary dynamics based on quasi-Keplerian framework
Xiaolin Liu, Zhoujian Cao
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08618 https://

A general Fourier expansion of post-Newtonian binary dynamics based on quasi-Keplerian framework
We have introduced a new Fourier-expansion technique for computing gravitational-wave emission from non-spinning binaries in the post-Newtonian framework. Using this approach, we derived the full set of 3PN dynamical quantities and gravitational-wave Fourier modes and have released the corresponding numerical code as open source. Furthermore, applying the method to the tail contribution of the energy flux, we found that it can be resummed into an exceptionally compact expression. These advances…

I like how #Murderbot (AppleTV ) lampoons its human cast - which is a somewhat "hippie" science crew that includes a non-binary team member - without being mean or lame. The titular Murderbot sees the crew's traits (soft, icky & unpredictable) as annoying because to him they are human traits and the show creates funny situations in that universe. It's not the case that the…

Binary Classification with the Maximum Score Model and Linear Programming
Joel L. Horowitz, Sokbae Lee
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19654 https://arxiv.org/p…

Binary Classification with the Maximum Score Model and Linear Programming
This paper presents a computationally efficient method for binary classification using Manski's (1975,1985) maximum score model when covariates are discretely distributed and parameters are partially but not point identified. We establish conditions under which it is minimax optimal to allow for either non-classification or random classification and derive finite-sample and asymptotic lower bounds on the probability of correct classification. We also describe an extension of our method to conti…

Fisher entropic Fokker-Planck model of monatomic rarefied gases
Veronica Montanaro, Lukas Netterdon, Manuel Torrilhon, Hossein Gorji
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.06610 https://

Fisher entropic Fokker-Planck model of monatomic rarefied gases
Particle-based stochastic approximations of the Boltzmann equation are popular tools for simulations of non-equilibrium gas flows, for which the Navier-Stokes-Fourier equations fail to provide accurate description. However, these numerical methods are computationally demanding, especially in the near-continuum regime, where the collisions become overwhelming. On the other hand, the Fokker-Planck kinetic models offer an efficient alternative, as the binary collisions are described by a diffusive…

Foreground and internal free-free absorption in particle-accelerating colliding-wind binaries : Insights from the radio emission of WR 147
M. Tasseroul, M. De Becker, A. B Blanco, P. Benaglia, S. del Palacio
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10506

Foreground and internal free-free absorption in particle-accelerating colliding-wind binaries : Insights from the radio emission of WR 147
Radio emission from massive binary systems is generally of composite nature, showing both a thermal emission component from the winds and a non-thermal component from relativistic electrons accelerated in the colliding-wind region. Understanding the processes ruling their radio spectrum is essential to investigate the role of these objects in the production of non-thermal particle populations in our galaxy. Our objective is to explore how the processes at work in particle-accelerating colliding…

Testing the nature of compact objects in the lower mass gap using gravitational wave observations
N. V. Krishnendu, Frank Ohme, K. G. Arun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10420 https…

Testing the nature of compact objects in the lower mass gap using gravitational wave observations
As the compact binary catalog continues to grow rapidly, developing and refining tests to probe the nature of compact objects is essential for a comprehensive understanding of both the observed data and the underlying astrophysics of the binary population. We investigate the effectiveness of spin-induced multipole moments (SIQM) and tidal deformability measurements in distinguishing lower mass-gap black hole (BH) binaries from non-BH binaries with different mass and spin configurations. We perf…

Symplectic Quasi Self-dual, Self-dual, and LCD Codes over Non-unital Rings of Order Six
Altaf Alshuhail
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16344 https://arxiv.org/…

Symplectic Quasi Self-dual, Self-dual, and LCD Codes over Non-unital Rings of Order Six
We consider codes over the two semi-local non-unital rings of order six, \[ H_{23} = \langle a,b \mid 2a=0, 3b = 0, a^2=a, b^2 = 0, ab = 0 = ba \rangle,\] and \[H_{32} = \langle a,b \mid 2a=0, 3b = 0, a^2=0, b^2 = b, ab = 0 = ba \rangle. \] with respect to a symplectic inner product. Via the decomposition $\mathcal{C} = a\,\mathcal{C}_a\oplus b\,\mathcal{C}_b$, any $H_z$-code splits into a binary component $\mathcal{C}_a$ and a ternary component $\mathcal{C}_b$; this yields characterizations of…

No Midcost Democracy
Hans Gersbach, Arthur Schichl, Oriol Tejada
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.07300 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2507.07300

No Midcost Democracy
Which level of voting costs is optimal in a democracy? This paper argues that intermediate voting costs - what we term a "Midcost democracy" - should be avoided, as they fail to ensure that electoral outcomes reflect the preferences of the majority. We study a standard binary majority decision in which a majority of the electorate prefers alternative A over alternative B. The population consists of partisan voters, who always participate, and non-partisan voters, who vote only when they believe…

A Note on Inferential Decisions, Errors and Path-Dependency
Kangda K. Wren
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05634 https://arxiv.org/pdf/250…

A Note on Inferential Decisions, Errors and Path-Dependency
Consider the standard sequential testing of a binary outcome. The associated belief process and its objectively true conditional-probability counterpart generally differ, but they converge to the same target in well-defined tests. We show that unless the two processes are 'essentially identical', differing at most by an a priori factor, time-homogeneous continuous sequential decisions based on the former must be path-dependent with respect to state-variables based on the latter or other non-ess…

All-sky search for long-duration gravitational-wave transients in the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing run
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12282

All-sky search for long-duration gravitational-wave transients in the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing run
We present an all-sky search for long-duration gravitational waves (GWs) from the first part of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA fourth observing run (O4), called O4a and comprising data taken between 24 May 2023 and 16 January 2024. The GW signals targeted by this search are the so-called "long-duration" (> 1 s) transients expected from a variety of astrophysical processes, including non-axisymmetric deformations in magnetars or eccentric binary coalescences. We make minimal assumptions on the emitted GW …

Me, a gender-fluid autistic individual, every single day! 🏳️‍⚧️ 🏳️‍🌈
#ActuallyAutistic #LGBTQIA #NonBinary

Replaced article(s) found for cs.GT. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.GT/new
[1/1]:
- Fair Division with Bounded Sharing: Binary and Non-Degenerate Valuations
Samuel Bismuth, Ivan Bliznets, Erel Segal-Halevi

Existence and Non-existence for Continuous Generalized Exchange-Driven Growth model
Chun Yin Lam, Andr\'e Schlichting
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05262 https://

Existence and Non-existence for Continuous Generalized Exchange-Driven Growth model
The continuous generalized exchange-driven growth model (CGEDG) is a coagulation-fragmentation equation that describes the evolution of the macroscopic cluster size distribution induced by a microscopic dynamic of binary exchanges of masses between clusters. It models droplet formation, migration dynamics, and asset exchanges in various scientific and socio-economic contexts. It can also be viewed as a generalization of the continuous Smoluchowski equations. In this work, we show the existence …

Exact, Nonparametric Sensitivity Analysis for Observational Studies of Contingency Tables
Elaine K. Chiu, Hyunseung Kang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17207 https://

Exact, Nonparametric Sensitivity Analysis for Observational Studies of Contingency Tables
In observational studies, contingency tables provide a simple and intuitive approach to study associations between categorical variables. However, any test of association in contingency tables may be biased due to unmeasured confounders. Existing sensitivity analyses that assess the impact of unmeasured confounding on association tests typically assume a binary treatment variable or impose strong parametric assumptions on the non-binary treatment variable. We overcome these limitations with an …

Revised classification of the CHIME fast radio bursts with machine learning
Liang Liu, Hai-Nan Lin, Li Tang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02645 https://arxiv.…

Revised classification of the CHIME fast radio bursts with machine learning
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are short-duration and energetic radio transients of unknown origin. Observationally, they are commonly categorized into repeaters and non-repeaters. However, this binary classification may be influenced by observational limitations such as sensitivity and time coverage of telescopes. In this work, we employ unsupervised machine learning techniques to re-examine the CHIME/FRB catalog, with the goal of identifying intrinsic groupings in the FRB population without relying…

Crosslisted article(s) found for cs.FL. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.FL/new
[1/1]:
- Unclustered BWTs of any Length over Non-Binary Alphabets
Gabriele Fici, Est\'eban Gabory, Giuseppe Romana, Marinella Sciortino

Few-body bound states of bosonic mixtures in two-dimensional optical lattices
Matias Volante-Abovich, Felipe Isaule, Luis Morales-Molina
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21385

Few-body bound states of bosonic mixtures in two-dimensional optical lattices
We study the formation of bound states in a binary mixture of a few bosons in square optical lattices. Using the exact diagonalization method, we find that bound clusters of all available bosons can form. We provide a comprehensive numerical examination of these bound states for a wide range of repulsive intraspecies and attractive interspecies interactions. In contrast to binary mixtures in one-dimensional chains, we reveal that the binding energy of the clusters shows a non-monotonic dependen…

The gravitational Compton amplitude from flat and curved spacetimes at second post-Minkowskian order
N. Emil J. Bjerrum-Bohr, Gang Chen, Carl Jordan Eriksen, Nabha Shah
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.19705

The gravitational Compton amplitude from flat and curved spacetimes at second post-Minkowskian order
We utilize various computational techniques in flat and curved backgrounds to calculate the classical gravitational Compton amplitude up to the second post-Minkowskian order. Our novel result supports the use of worldline quantum field theory in non-trivial background spacetimes to obtain new theoretical insights that can both enhance computational efficiency and provide useful cross-checks of results, particularly in the context of classical binary black hole mergers.

Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
Yann Gouttenoire, Sokratis Trifinopoulos, Miguel Vanvlasselaer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19328

Implications for Pulsar Timing Arrays of Sub-solar Black Hole Detections: From LVK to Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer
The detection of compact binary mergers with sub-solar masses at gravitational-wave observatories could mark the groundbreaking discovery of primordial black holes (PBHs). Concurrently, evidence for a nHz stochastic gravitational wave background observed by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) could suggest a non-astrophysical origin, potentially arising from scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGW). In this work, we analyze the connection between the two phenomena in the case where they share a common…

Complex spectral variability and hints of a luminous companion in the Be star black hole binary candidate ALS 8814
Kareem El-Badry, Matthias Fabry, Hugues Sana, Tomer Shenar, Rhys Seeburger
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01545

Complex spectral variability and hints of a luminous companion in the Be star + black hole binary candidate ALS 8814
The emission-line binary ALS 8814 was recently proposed as a Be star + black hole (BH) binary based on large-amplitude radial velocity (RV) variations of a Be star and non-detection of spectroscopic features from a luminous companion. We reanalyze low- and medium-resolution LAMOST spectra of ALS 8814 and show that the system's spectroscopic variability is considerably more complex than previously recognized. Inspection of the system's trailed spectra reveals the presence of a second set of abso…

Mergers Fall Short: Non-merger Channels Required for Galactic Heavy Element Production
Muhammed Saleem, Hsin-Yu Chen, Daniel M. Siegel, Philippe Landry, Jocelyn S. Read, Kaile Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06020

Mergers Fall Short: Non-merger Channels Required for Galactic Heavy Element Production
Since the discovery of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 and its associated kilonova, neutron star mergers have been established as a key production channel for $r$-process elements in the Universe. However, observations of $r$-process abundances as inferred from stellar spectra of Milky Way disk stars, together with chemical evolution modeling, suggest that additional channels are needed to fully account for the $r$-process element enrichment in the Milky Way. Neutron star-black hole mer…

Striking Similarities in Dynamics and Vibrations of 2D Quasicrystals and Supercooled Liquids
Edwin A. Bedolla-Montiel, Marjolein Dijkstra
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18856 https:…

Striking Similarities in Dynamics and Vibrations of 2D Quasicrystals and Supercooled Liquids
We investigate the interplay between structure and dynamics in two structurally distinct two-dimensional systems: a dodecagonal quasicrystal (DDQC) and a supercooled binary liquid. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we uncover striking dynamical similarities despite their fundamentally different structural organizations. Both systems exhibit pronounced dynamic heterogeneities, as evidenced by the cage-trapping plateaus in the mean-squared displacement and the pronounced peaks in the non-Gaus…

Remnant properties of binary neutron star mergers undergoing prompt collapse
Arnab Dhani, Alessandro Camilletti, David Radice, Rahul Kashyap, Bangalore Sathyaprakash, Domenico Logoteta, Albino Perego
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19431

Remnant properties of binary neutron star mergers undergoing prompt collapse
We study the properties of remnants formed in prompt-collapse binary neutron star mergers. We consider non-spinning binaries over a range of total masses and mass ratios across a set of 22 equations of state, totaling 107 numerical relativity simulations. We report the final mass and spin of the systems (including the accretion disk and ejecta) to be constrained in a narrow range, regardless of the binary configuration and matter effects. This sets them apart from binary black-hole merger remna…

Bias, Accuracy, and Trust: Gender-Diverse Perspectives on Large Language Models
Aimen Gaba, Emily Wall, Tejas Ramkumar Babu, Yuriy Brun, Kyle Hall, Cindy Xiong Bearfield
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.21898

Bias, Accuracy, and Trust: Gender-Diverse Perspectives on Large Language Models
Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in our daily lives, but numerous concerns about bias in LLMs exist. This study examines how gender-diverse populations perceive bias, accuracy, and trustworthiness in LLMs, specifically ChatGPT. Through 25 in-depth interviews with non-binary/transgender, male, and female participants, we investigate how gendered and neutral prompts influence model responses and how users evaluate these responses. Our findings reveal that gendered…

Ferroelectric Epsilon-WO3 Nanoparticles and Its Bipolaron Driven Opto-electronic Properties at Room Temperature
Mohammad M. Rahaman, Jose Flores, Mohamed Y. Noor, Md Mohsinur R. Adnan, Alex Blackston, Enam Chowdhury, Roberto C. Myers, Michael Newburger, Pelagia-Irene Gouma
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02598

Ferroelectric Epsilon-WO3 Nanoparticles and Its Bipolaron Driven Opto-electronic Properties at Room Temperature
A unique polymorph of binary tungsten trioxide, the epsilon phase of WO3, has non-centrosymmetric ferroelectric structure, typically stable below -43 degree C in bulk. We have stabilized the epsilon-WO3 at room temperature (RT) and nanostructured powders via flame spray pyrolysis synthesis. These nanopowders are drop cast into uniform thin films to enable RT measurement of ferroelectric and optoelectronic properties. We report ferroelectric hysteresis, nanoscale domains, and dipole switching me…

Solving quantum-inspired dynamics on quantum and classical annealers
Philipp Hanussek, Jakub Paw{\l}owski, Zakaria Mzaouali, Bart{\l}omiej Gardas
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03952

Solving quantum-inspired dynamics on quantum and classical annealers
We propose a practical benchmarking suite inspired by physical dynamics to challenge both quantum and classical computers. Using a parallel in time encoding, we convert the real-time propagator of an $n$-qubit, possibly non-Hermitian, Hamiltonian into a quadratic-unconstrained binary optimisation (QUBO) problem. The resulting QUBO instances are executed on D-Wave quantum annealers as well as using two classical solvers, Simulated Annealing and VeloxQ, a state-of-the-art classical heuristic solv…

Numerical solutions of the complete two-body system in QUMOND
J. Pflamm-Altenburg
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01493 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.01493

Numerical solutions of the complete two-body system in QUMOND
Due to the non-linearity of the QUMOND field equations, in the modelling of binaries so far the two-body system is replaced by an effective one-body system, where the central particle contains the total mass of both binary components and is orbited by a massless test particle. In this work, the discrepancy between the effective one-body treatment and the complete two-body solution in QUMOND is quantified. Particles are treated as limits of Dirac sequences. Then, the QUMOND contribution to the t…

Multi-Label Classification with Generative AI Models in Healthcare: A Case Study of Suicidality and Risk Factors
Ming Huang, Zehan Li, Yan Hu, Wanjing Wang, Andrew Wen, Scott Lane, Salih Selek, Lokesh Shahani, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Jair Soares, Hua Xu, Hongfang Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17009

Multi-Label Classification with Generative AI Models in Healthcare: A Case Study of Suicidality and Risk Factors
Suicide remains a pressing global health crisis, with over 720,000 deaths annually and millions more affected by suicide ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA). Early identification of suicidality-related factors (SrFs), including SI, SA, exposure to suicide (ES), and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), is critical for timely intervention. While prior studies have applied AI to detect SrFs in clinical notes, most treat suicidality as a binary classification task, overlooking the complexity of coo…

Tidal disruptions of close white dwarf binaries by intermediate mass black holes
Aryabrat Mahapatra, Adarsh Pandey, Pritam Banerjee, Tapobrata Sarkar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03463

Tidal disruptions of close white dwarf binaries by intermediate mass black holes
We perform a suite of numerical simulations of tidal disruption events, using smoothed particle hydrodynamics, for a close binary system consisting of two low-mass white dwarfs, and an intermediate mass non-spinning black hole. The binary components are considered to be detached and on the same plane with the black hole. Our results quantify how the outcomes of these events depend crucially on the positional configuration of the binary components at the orbital pericenter, and we also show how …

Crosslisted article(s) found for cs.DS. https://arxiv.org/list/cs.DS/new
[1/1]:
- Unclustered BWTs of any Length over Non-Binary Alphabets
Gabriele Fici, Est\'eban Gabory, Giuseppe Romana, Marinella Sciortino

The Exceptional Set in Goldbach's Problem with two Chen Primes
Lasse Grimmelt, Joni Ter\"av\"ainen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.16400 https://a…

The Exceptional Set in Goldbach's Problem with two Chen Primes
We show that all natural numbers $n\equiv 4\pmod 6$ are the sum of two Chen primes (primes $p$ such that $p+2$ has at most two prime factors), apart from a power-saving set of exceptions. This improves on various previous results and is optimal, barring substantial progress on the twin prime or binary Goldbach conjectures. The proof is based on constructing a non-negative model for the Chen primes in a suitable approximate sense. To do this, we develop an efficient sieving strategy that makes…

Learning to Ask: Decision Transformers for Adaptive Quantitative Group Testing
Mahdi Soleymani, Tara Javidi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.01723 https://arxiv.…

Learning to Ask: Decision Transformers for Adaptive Quantitative Group Testing
We consider the problem of quantitative group testing (QGT), where the goal is to recover a sparse binary vector from aggregate subset-sum queries: each query selects a subset of indices and returns the sum of those entries. Information-theoretic results suggest that adaptivity could yield up to a twofold reduction in the total number of required queries, yet no algorithm has surpassed the non-adaptive bound, leaving its practical benefit an open question. In this paper, we reduce the QGT probl…

Confronting General Relativity with Principal Component Analysis: Simulations and Results from GWTC-3 Events
Parthapratim Mahapatra, Sayantani Datta, Ish Gupta, Poulami Dutta Roy, Muhammed Saleem, Purnima Narayan, Soumen Roy, Jan Steinhoff, Deirdre Shoemaker, Alan J. Weinstein, Anuradha Gupta, B. S. Sathyaprakash, K. G. Arun
https://arxiv.…

Confronting General Relativity with Principal Component Analysis: Simulations and Results from GWTC-3 Events
We present a comprehensive assessment of multiparameter tests of general relativity (GR) in the inspiral regime of compact binary coalescences using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Our analysis is based on an extensive set of simulated gravitational wave signals, including both general relativistic and non-GR sources, injected into zero-noise data colored by the noise power spectral densities of the LIGO and Virgo detectors at their designed sensitivities. We evaluate the performance of PCA…

Distributions of wide binary stars in theory and in Gaia data: II. Reconstruction of sample probability density of true orbit sizes
Valeri V. Makarov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19273

Distributions of wide binary stars in theory and in Gaia data: II. Reconstruction of sample probability density of true orbit sizes
Wide binary stars are important for testing alternative models of gravitation in the weak-field regime and understanding the statistical outcomes of dynamical interactions in the general Galactic field. The Gaia mission's collection of weakly bound pairs of stars offers a unique opportunity to estimate the rate of survivors at separations above 7 KAU, where non-Newtonian components of gravitation may become important. The available Gaia-based catalogs of resolved binaries provide the projected …

Multi-value Probabilistic Computing with current-controlled Skyrmion Diffusion
Thomas B. Winkler, Yuean Zhou, Grischa Beneke, Fabian Kammerbauer, Sachin Krishnia, Mario Carpentieri, Davi R. Rodrigues, Mathias Kl\"aui, Johan H. Mentink
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19623

Multi-value Probabilistic Computing with current-controlled Skyrmion Diffusion
Magnetic systems are highly promising for implementing probabilistic computing paradigms because of the fitting energy scales and conspicuous non-linearities. While conventional binary probabilistic computing has been realized, implementing more advantageous multi-value probabilistic computing (MPC) remains a challenge. Here, we report the realization of MPC by leveraging the thermally activated diffusion of magnetic skyrmions through an effectively non-flat energy landscape defined by a discre…

Differentiation, the exception not the rule -- Evidence for full miscibility in sub-Neptune interiors
Edward D. Young, Aaron Werlen, Sarah P. Marcum, Cornelis P. Dullemond
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.00947

Differentiation, the exception not the rule -- Evidence for full miscibility in sub-Neptune interiors
We investigate the consequences of non-ideal mixing between silicate, iron metal, and hydrogen for the structures of the cores of sub-Neptunes with implications for super-Earths, warm Neptunes, and ice giants. A method of extrapolating what we know about the miscibility in the three bounding binary systems MgSiO$_3$-H$_2$, MgSiO$_3$-Fe, and Fe-H$_2$ to the ternary composition space is used to deduce the phase equilibria of this system at relevant temperature and pressure conditions. We find tha…

Sample Complexity of Branch-length Estimation by Maximum Likelihood
David Clancy Jr., Hanbaek Lyu, Sebastien Roch
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.22038 https://…

Sample Complexity of Branch-length Estimation by Maximum Likelihood
We consider the branch-length estimation problem on a bifurcating tree: a character evolves along the edges of a binary tree according to a two-state symmetric Markov process, and we seek to recover the edge transition probabilities from repeated observations at the leaves. This problem arises in phylogenetics, and is related to latent tree graphical model inference. In general, the log-likelihood function is non-concave and may admit many critical points. Nevertheless, simple coordinate maximi…

(2,2)-GB Codes: Classification and Comparison with weight-4 Surface Codes
Fran\c{c}ois Arnault, Philippe Gaborit, Nicolas Saussay
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21237 https://

(2,2)-GB Codes: Classification and Comparison with weight-4 Surface Codes
Generalized Bicycle (GB) codes offer a compelling alternative to surface codes for quantum error correction. This paper focuses on (2,2)-Generalized Bicycle codes, constructed from pairs of binary circulant matrices with two non-zero elements per row. Leveraging a lower bound on their minimum distance, we construct three novel infinite families of optimal (2,2)-GB codes with parameters [[ 2n^2, 2, n ]], [[ 4r^2, 2, 2r ]], and [[(2t + 1)^2 + 1, 2, 2t + 1 ]]. These families match the performance …

Testing Magnetic Field Configurations in Spider Pulsar PSR J1723-2837 with IXPE
Michela Negro, Haocheng Zhang, Niccol\`o Di Lalla, Slavko Bogdanov, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Noel Klingler, Jeremy Hare
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.05240

Testing Magnetic Field Configurations in Spider Pulsar PSR J1723-2837 with IXPE
We present the first X-ray polarimetry observations of a redback millisecond pulsar binary, \src, with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). Redbacks are compact binaries in which a rotation-powered millisecond pulsar interacts with a non-degenerate companion via an intrabinary shock, forming ideal laboratories for probing pulsar winds and relativistic shock physics, where ordered magnetic fields and particle acceleration shape the observed radiation. We conduct a spectro-polarimetric …

A Sibling of AR Scorpii: SDSS J230641.47$ $244055.8 and the Observational Blueprint of White Dwarf Pulsars
N. Castro Segura, I. Pelisoli, B. T. G\"ansicke, D. L. Coppejans, D. Steeghs, A. Aungwerojwit, K. Inight, A. Romero, A. Sahu, V. S. Dhillon, J. Munday, S. G. Parsons, M. R. Kennedy, M. J. Green, A. J. Brown, M. J. Dyer, E. Pike, J. A. Garbutt, D. Jarvis, P. Kerry, S. P. Littlefair, J. McCormac, D. I. Sahman, D. A. H. Buckley

A Sibling of AR Scorpii: SDSS J230641.47$+$244055.8 and the Observational Blueprint of White Dwarf Pulsars
Radio pulsating white dwarf (WD) systems, known as WD pulsars, are non-accreting binary systems where the rapidly spinning WD interacts with a low-mass companion producing pulsed non-thermal emission that can be observed across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. Only two such systems are known: AR Sco and eRASSU J191213.9$-$441044. Here we present the discovery of a third WD pulsar, SDSS J230641.47$+$244055.8. The optical spectrum is dominated by molecular bands from an M-dwarf companion, wit…

Very high-energy gamma-ray and neutrino emission from hadronic interaction in compact binary millisecond pulsars
Vittoria Vecchiotti, Manuel Linares
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20952

Very high-energy gamma-ray and neutrino emission from hadronic interaction in compact binary millisecond pulsars
Blackwidow and redback systems are millisecond pulsars in compact orbits with ultra-light and low-mass companions, respectively, collectively known as ``spider pulsars". In such systems, an intrabinary shock can form between the pulsar and the companion winds, serving as a site for particle acceleration and associated non-thermal emission. Assuming that protons can be extracted from the neutron star surface and accelerated at the intrabinary shock and/or within the pulsar wind, we model the ver…

Stochastic Channel Models for Satellite Mega-Constellations
Brendon McBain, Yi Hong, Emanuele Viterbo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20255 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Stochastic Channel Models for Satellite Mega-Constellations
A general satellite channel model is proposed for communications between a rapidly moving low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite in a mega-constellation and a stationary user on Earth. The channel uses a non-homogeneous binomial point process (NBPP) for modelling the satellite positions, marked with an ascending/descending binary random variable for modelling the satellite directions. Using the marked NBPP, we derive the probability distributions of power gain, propagation delay, and Doppler shift, re…

Efficient Decoding of Insertion and Deletion Errors for Helberg Codes
Anthony Segrest, Hieu D. Nguyen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18699 https://arxiv.org/pd…

Efficient Decoding of Insertion and Deletion Errors for Helberg Codes
We present the first known efficient decoding algorithm for correcting multiple insertion-deletion errors in Helberg codes and their non-binary generalizations, extending a known algorithm for correcting multiple deletion errors.

Semidefinite Programming for the Asymmetric Stochastic Block Model
Julia Gaudio, Phawin Prongpaophan
https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.18754 https://

Semidefinite Programming for the Asymmetric Stochastic Block Model
We consider semidefinite programming (SDP) for the binary stochastic block model with equal-sized communities. Prior work of Hajek, Wu, and Xu proposed an SDP (sym-SDP) for the symmetric case where the intra-community edge probabilities are equal, and showed that the SDP achieves the information-theoretic threshold for exact recovery under the symmetry assumption. A key open question is whether SDPs can be used to achieve exact recovery for non-symmetric block models. In order to inform the des…

Astrophysics informed Gaussian processes for gravitational-wave populations: Evidence for the onset of the pair-instability supernova mass gap
Ignacio Maga\~na Hernandez, Antonella Palmese
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19208

Astrophysics informed Gaussian processes for gravitational-wave populations: Evidence for the onset of the pair-instability supernova mass gap
We analyze binary black hole (BBH) mergers from the latest Gravitational Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) using a flexible, non-parametric framework to infer the underlying black hole mass distribution. Our model employs Gaussian Processes (GPs) with astrophysically motivated priors to represent the mass distribution, assuming both component masses are independently drawn from a common mass function. This approach enables us to capture complex features in the population without relying on rigid …