Tootfinder

On combination theorems and Bowditch boundaries of relatively hyperbolic TDLC groups
Swarnali Datta, Arunava Mandal, Ravi Tomar
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13038 https://

On combination theorems and Bowditch boundaries of relatively hyperbolic TDLC groups
Based on the work of Farb, Bowditch, and Groves-Manning on discrete relatively hyperbolic groups, we introduce an approach to relative hyperbolicity for totally disconnected locally compact (TDLC) groups. For compactly generated TDLC groups, we prove that this notion is equivalent to the one introduced by Arora-Pedroza. Let $G=A\ast_C B$ or $G=A\ast_C$ where $A$ and $B$ are relatively hyperbolic TDLC groups and $C$ is compact. We prove that $G$ is a relatively hyperbolic TDLC group and give a c…

I've been using Pika Backup with a google drive destination for at least a year and it's always been relatively smooth.
For the last three days, though, it's been complaining the destination is unresponsive (although I can browse it happily from commandline etc).
Some new package released three days ago that might interfere?
Update: looks like there was a flatpak-runtime org.gnome.Platform on the 17th.
Ideas anybody?

I'm saddened to hear of the passing of my fellow Wesley UMC congregant Bill Platt: https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/concordmonitor/name/william-platt-obituary?id=59537900
A Sunday School teacher, youth group leader, and general mentor figure, Bill was just an all-around great guy. The same age as my parents, too! His family and my family were relatively close; I hope they're doing okay...

“What I had not realized is that extremely short exposures to a relatively simple computer program could induce powerful delusional thinking in quite normal people.”
―Joseph Weizenbaum

DMS:Diffusion-Based Multi-Baseline Stereo Generation for Improving Self-Supervised Depth Estimation
Zihua Liu, Yizhou Li, Songyan Zhang, Masatoshi Okutomi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13091

DMS:Diffusion-Based Multi-Baseline Stereo Generation for Improving Self-Supervised Depth Estimation
While supervised stereo matching and monocular depth estimation have advanced significantly with learning-based algorithms, self-supervised methods using stereo images as supervision signals have received relatively less focus and require further investigation. A primary challenge arises from ambiguity introduced during photometric reconstruction, particularly due to missing corresponding pixels in ill-posed regions of the target view, such as occlusions and out-of-frame areas. To address this …

A PC Algorithm for Max-Linear Bayesian Networks
Carlos Am\'endola, Benjamin Hollering, Francesco Nowell
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13967 https://arxiv.…

A PC Algorithm for Max-Linear Bayesian Networks
Max-linear Bayesian networks (MLBNs) are a relatively recent class of structural equation models which arise when the random variables involved have heavy-tailed distributions. Unlike most directed graphical models, MLBNs are typically not faithful to d-separation and thus classical causal discovery algorithms such as the PC algorithm or greedy equivalence search can not be used to accurately recover the true graph structure. In this paper, we begin the study of constraint-based discovery algor…

Sycophancy under Pressure: Evaluating and Mitigating Sycophantic Bias via Adversarial Dialogues in Scientific QA
Kaiwei Zhang, Qi Jia, Zijian Chen, Wei Sun, Xiangyang Zhu, Chunyi Li, Dandan Zhu, Guangtao Zhai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13743

Sycophancy under Pressure: Evaluating and Mitigating Sycophantic Bias via Adversarial Dialogues in Scientific QA
Large language models (LLMs), while increasingly used in domains requiring factual rigor, often display a troubling behavior: sycophancy, the tendency to align with user beliefs regardless of correctness. This tendency is reinforced by preference-based alignment techniques that optimize for user satisfaction but can undermine truthfulness. While relatively benign in casual dialogue, sycophancy poses serious risks in high-stakes settings such as scientific question answering (QA), where model ou…

CAN Networks Security in Smart Grids Communication Technologies
Ayman W. Baharia, Khaled T. Naga, Hesham S. Abdelfattah, Shady A. Maged, Sherif A. Hammad
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12181

CAN Networks Security in Smart Grids Communication Technologies
The rapid evolution of smart grids requires effective communication protocols to transfer data reliably and securely. Controller Area Network (CAN) is one of the most recognized protocols that offer reliable data transmission in smart grids due to its robustness, real-time capabilities, and relatively low initial cost of its required hardware. However, as a smart city becomes more interconnected, it also becomes more vulnerable to cyber-attacks. As there are many mechanisms to secure the CAN no…

Bellevue is a relatively wealthy city, so when "residents claim a large presence of homelessness and crimes related to unhoused people [and] Bellevue crime statistics show otherwise", you know it isn't about crime, it's about othering the poor.
Bellevue neighbors voice safety concerns as city defends housing campus | Northwest | ncwlife.com
https://www.ncwlife.com/news/northwest/watch-bellevue-neighbors-voice-safety-concerns-as-city-defends-housing-campus/article_a139af5e-cc3d-58e5-b4ca-d47fd4238908.html

Automated Cervical Cancer Detection through Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid in Resource-Poor Settings with Lightweight Deep Learning Models Deployed on an Android Device
Leander Melroy Maben, Keerthana Prasad, Shyamala Guruvare, Vidya Kudva, P C Siddalingaswamy
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13253

Automated Cervical Cancer Detection through Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid in Resource-Poor Settings with Lightweight Deep Learning Models Deployed on an Android Device
Cervical cancer is among the most commonly occurring cancer among women and claims a huge number of lives in low and middle-income countries despite being relatively easy to treat. Several studies have shown that public screening programs can bring down cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates significantly. While several screening tests are available, visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) presents itself as the most viable option for low-resource settings due to the affordability and s…

Multistage Robust Optimization for Time-Decoupled Power Flexibility Aggregation with Energy Storage
Rui Xie, Yue Chen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14477 https://

Multistage Robust Optimization for Time-Decoupled Power Flexibility Aggregation with Energy Storage
To mitigate global climate change, distributed energy resources (DERs), such as distributed generators, flexible loads, and energy storage systems (ESSs), have witnessed rapid growth in power distribution systems. When properly managed, these DERs can provide significant flexibility to power systems, enhancing both reliability and economic efficiency. Due to their relatively small scale, DERs are typically managed by the distribution system operator (DSO), who interacts with the transmission sy…

Importance of Shot Noise in the Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background with Next Generation Detectors
Haowen Zhong, Vuk Mandic
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.15014

Importance of Shot Noise in the Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background with Next Generation Detectors
We investigate the impact of shot noise on the stochastic gravitational wave background generated by binary neutron star mergers, and confirm that the overall background can be significantly influenced by relatively few neighboring, loud events. To mitigate the shot noise, we propose a procedure to remove nearby events by notching them out in the time-frequency domain. Additionally, we quantify the cosmic/sample variance of the resulting background after notching, and we study the deviation bet…

MorphoNAS: Embryogenic Neural Architecture Search Through Morphogen-Guided Development
Mykola Glybovets, Sergii Medvid
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13785 htt…

MorphoNAS: Embryogenic Neural Architecture Search Through Morphogen-Guided Development
While biological neural networks develop from compact genomes using relatively simple rules, modern artificial neural architecture search methods mostly involve explicit and routine manual work. In this paper, we introduce MorphoNAS (Morphogenetic Neural Architecture Search), a system able to deterministically grow neural networks through morphogenetic self-organization inspired by the Free Energy Principle, reaction-diffusion systems, and gene regulatory networks. In MorphoNAS, simple genomes …

Tidal Disruption of Super Star Clusters as the origin of Bluish Light at the inner region of the Perseus Cluster Central Galaxy
Arsen Levitskiy, Youichi Ohyama, Jeremy Lim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14616

Tidal Disruption of Super Star Clusters as the origin of Bluish Light at the inner region of the Perseus Cluster Central Galaxy
Relatively blue light extends beyond a spiral disk from a radius of ~5 kpc out to ~14 kpc from the center of NGC 1275. Analyses of its spectrum and broadband colors reveal a population of young stars having sub-solar metallicities superposed on a dominant population of old stars having super-solar metallicities. The young stars have a characteristic age of ~160 Myr and may span ages of a few hundred Myr, similar to that of stars comprising the central spiral disk, and a total mass about one-thi…

Activity in White Dwarf Debris Disks I: Spitzer Legacy Reveals Variability Incompatible with the Canonical Model
Hiba Tu Noor, Jay Farihi, Scott J. Kenyon, Roman R. Rafikov, Mark C. Wyatt, Kate Y. L. Su, Carl Melis, Andrew Swan, Thomas G. Wilson, Boris T. G\"ansicke, Amy Bonsor, Laura K. Rogers, Seth Redfield, Mukremin Kilic
https://a…

Activity in White Dwarf Debris Disks I: Spitzer Legacy Reveals Variability Incompatible with the Canonical Model
This study presents all available, multi-epoch 3.6 and 4.5 $μ$m photometry from Spitzer Space Telescope observations of white dwarf debris disks, including weekly cadence observations of 16 relatively bright systems, and 5 h staring-mode observations for five of these. Significant variability is detected in 85 per cent of disks and across all timescales probed, from minutes to weeks to years, where the largest flux changes correlate with the longest time baselines, and the infrared excesses pe…

Can Big Black Holes Merge with the Smallest Black Holes?
Storm Colloms, Zoheyr Doctor, Christopher P L Berry
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14159 https://arxiv…

Can Big Black Holes Merge with the Smallest Black Holes?
Gravitational-wave measurements of the binary black hole population provide insights into the evolution of merging binaries. We explore potential correlation between mass and mass ratio with phenomenological population models where the minimum mass of the smaller (secondary) black hole can change with the mass of the bigger (primary) black hole. We use binary black hole signals from the third Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog with and without the relatively extreme mass-ratio GW190814. When …

Some optimization possibilities in data plane programming
Altangerel Gereltsetseg, Tejfel M\'at\'e
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12767 https://arxiv.o…

Some optimization possibilities in data plane programming
Software-defined networking (SDN) technology aims to create a highly flexible network by decoupling control plane and the data plane and programming them independently. There has been a lot of research on improving and optimizing the control plane, and data plane programming is a relatively new concept, so study on it is one of the hot topics for researchers. At the 2019 Dagstuhl Seminar, well-known scientists on computer networking discussed challenges and problems in the field of data plane p…

Activity Coefficient-based Channel Selection for Electroencephalogram: A Task-Independent Approach
Kartik Pandey, Arun Balasubramanian, Debasis Samanta
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14060

Activity Coefficient-based Channel Selection for Electroencephalogram: A Task-Independent Approach
Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have gained widespread adoption in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications due to their non-invasive, low-cost, and relatively simple acquisition process. The demand for higher spatial resolution, particularly in clinical settings, has led to the development of high-density electrode arrays. However, increasing the number of channels introduces challenges such as cross-channel interference and computational overhead. To address these issues, modern BCI sys…

On the Rheology of Two-Dimensional Dilute Emulsions
Thomas Appleford, Vatsal Sanjay, Maziyar Jalaal
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13022 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

On the Rheology of Two-Dimensional Dilute Emulsions
The single droplet under shear is a foundational problem in fluid mechanics. In computational fluid dynamics, the two-dimensional (2D) formulation offers advantages in both computational efficiency and relevance, yet its theoretical treatment remains relatively underdeveloped. In this brief note, we present an analytical treatment of this problem, beginning with a derivation of the Lamb solution for 2D Stokes flows, which in turn is used to obtain the flow fields around a droplet in a purely ex…

Dyadically resolving trinomials for fast modular arithmetic
Robert Dougherty-Bliss, Mits Kobayashi, Natalya Ter-Saakov, Eugene Zima
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11043 https://

Dyadically resolving trinomials for fast modular arithmetic
Residue number systems based on pairwise relatively prime moduli are a powerful tool for accelerating integer computations via the Chinese Remainder Theorem. We study a structured family of moduli of the form $2^n - 2^k + 1$, originally proposed for their efficient arithmetic and bit-level properties. These trinomial moduli support fast modular operations and exhibit scalable modular inverses. We investigate the problem of constructing large sets of pairwise relatively prime trinomial moduli …

Odo: Depth-Guided Diffusion for Identity-Preserving Body Reshaping
Siddharth Khandelwal, Sridhar Kamath, Arjun Jain
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13065 https://

Odo: Depth-Guided Diffusion for Identity-Preserving Body Reshaping
Human shape editing enables controllable transformation of a person's body shape, such as thin, muscular, or overweight, while preserving pose, identity, clothing, and background. Unlike human pose editing, which has advanced rapidly, shape editing remains relatively underexplored. Current approaches typically rely on 3D morphable models or image warping, often introducing unrealistic body proportions, texture distortions, and background inconsistencies due to alignment errors and deformations.…

Now out in #TMLR:
🍇 GRAPES: Learning to Sample Graphs for Scalable Graph Neural Networks 🍇
There's lots of work on sampling subgraphs for GNNs, but relatively little on making this sampling process _adaptive_. That is, learning to select the data from the graph that is relevant for your task.
We introduce an RL-based and a GFLowNet-based sampler and show that the approach perf…

Efficient Qudit Circuit for Quench Dynamics of $2 1$D Quantum Link Electrodynamics
Rohan Joshi, Michael Meth, Jan C. Louw, Jesse J. Osborne, Kevin Mato, Martin Ringbauer, Jad C. Halimeh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12589

Efficient Qudit Circuit for Quench Dynamics of $2+1$D Quantum Link Electrodynamics
A major challenge in the burgeoning field of quantum simulation for high-energy physics is the realization of scalable $2+1$D lattice gauge theories on state-of-the-art quantum hardware, which is an essential step towards the overarching goal of probing $3+1$D quantum chromodynamics on a quantum computer. Despite great progress, current experimental implementations of $2+1$D lattice gauge theories are mostly restricted to relatively small system sizes and two-level representations of the gauge …

It's been awhile since I've posted a #jonathanpie video. I'm not terminally online but even on the fediverse you get some backscatter from regular social media channels. I do wonder how much is genuine division and how much is a relatively small number of people and an army of bots wedging them apart:

Artificial Intelligence and Market Entrant Game Developers
Seonbin Jo, Woo-Sung Jung, Jisung Yoon, Hyunuk Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14907 https://arxi…

Artificial Intelligence and Market Entrant Game Developers
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used for generating digital assets, such as programming codes and images. Games composed of various digital assets are thus expected to be influenced significantly by AI. Leveraging public data and AI disclosure statements of games, this paper shows that relatively more independent developers entered the market when generative AI became more publicly accessible, but their purposes of using AI are similar with non-independent developers. Game fe…

Falcons' Raheem Morris: Bijan Robinson is 'best player in football, without a doubt' https://www.nfl.com/news/bijan-robinson-falcons-raheem-morris-best-player-in-football-without-a-doubt

The BSN Application-I: Photometric Light Curve Solutions of Contact Binary Systems
Ehsan Paki, Atila Poro, Minoo Dokht Moosavi Rowzati
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11844 https://

The BSN Application-I: Photometric Light Curve Solutions of Contact Binary Systems
Light curve analysis of W UMa-type contact binary systems using MCMC or MC methods can be time-consuming, primarily because the repeated generation of synthetic light curves tends to be relatively slow during the fitting process. Although various approaches have been proposed to address this issue, their implementation is often challenging due to complexity or uncertain performance. In this study, we introduce the BSN application, whose name is taken from the BSN project. The application is des…

i was put in charge of three grandchildren for a few hours yesterday so we headed straight to ben & jerry's to split a milkshake, then explored the state theater (and even sneaked into a movie but later got thrown out for horsing around on the escalator), then i gave a nickel tour of angell/mason/haven halls, then they chased squirrels on the diag which took longer than you might think, then we looked in all the windows in nickels arcade. it all went slowly and well.

How can we measure the information created by natural selection?
Joel R. Peck, David Waxman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13373 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.133…

How can we measure the information created by natural selection?
Natural selection can create information. In particular, because of the action of natural selection, we can often learn something about an environment by examining local organisms, and vice versa. For example, the characteristics of a cactus suggest that the local environment is relatively dry, and if a natural terrestrial environment is dry, then we will generally have an enhanced probability of finding drought-resistant plants (like cacti). Here, we propose a measure that can be used to quant…

Explicit Reasoning Makes Better Judges: A Systematic Study on Accuracy, Efficiency, and Robustness
Pratik Jayarao, Himanshu Gupta, Neeraj Varshney, Chaitanya Dwivedi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13332

Explicit Reasoning Makes Better Judges: A Systematic Study on Accuracy, Efficiency, and Robustness
As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted as automated judges in benchmarking and reward modeling, ensuring their reliability, efficiency, and robustness has become critical. In this work, we present a systematic comparison of "thinking" and "non-thinking" LLMs in the LLM-as-a-judge paradigm using open-source Qwen 3 models of relatively small sizes (0.6B, 1.7B, and 4B parameters). We evaluate both accuracy and computational efficiency (FLOPs) on RewardBench tasks, and further exa…

Ritual Coffee’s parklet has been there for over a decade, but is still considered temporary by the city. A tree planted there 10 years ago could be relatively mature with a large canopy by now. SF needs a path from parklets to permanent spot sidewalk widenings.

DNA mold-based fabrication of continuous silver nanostructures
Christoph Hadlich, Borja Rodriguez-Barea, Darius Pohl, Bernd Rellinghaus, Artur Erbe, Ralf Seidel
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14815

DNA mold-based fabrication of continuous silver nanostructures
Bottom-up fabrication of inorganic nanostructures is emerging as an alternative to classical top-down approaches, offering precise nanometer-scale control at relatively low cost and effort. In particular, DNA nanostructures provide versatile scaffolds for directly templating the growth of metal structures. Previously, a DNA mold-based method for metal nanostructure synthesis has been established that supports a modular structure design and a high control over the structure formation. So far, th…

The effects of no-slip boundaries and external force torque on two-dimensional turbulence in a square domain
Alisa Shikanian, Vladimir Parfenyev
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13590

The effects of no-slip boundaries and external force torque on two-dimensional turbulence in a square domain
We study two-dimensional turbulence in a square no-slip domain without bottom drag using direct numerical simulations. The dynamics are shown to depend strongly on the torque $M$ of the external forcing. When $M$ is relatively large, a long-lived coherent vortex forms at the domain center, establishing a persistent angular momentum. At lower torques, the angular momentum undergoes random sign reversals due to spontaneous switching of the central vortex circulation, though it predominantly align…

Spectral survey of the diffuse gas toward BL Lac in the Q band
Maryvonne Gerin, Harvey Liszt, Bel\'en Tercero, Jos\'e Cernicharo
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14822 https:/…

Spectral survey of the diffuse gas toward BL Lac in the Q band
The chemical composition of diffuse interstellar clouds is not fully established. They host an active chemistry despite their relatively low density and the ubiquitous presence of far-UV radiation. To further explore the chemical composition of diffuse clouds, we performed a spectral scan toward the bright radio source BL Lac in the Q band (from 32 to 50 GHz) using the Yebes 40m telescope. Yebes observations were performed interleaving Frequency Switching and Position Switching integrations tow…

Many of us are bewailing that there are relatively few solid ways to react to the oncoming tsunami of dictatorship here in the US.
But some ideas strike me:
1. For DC - Since their police force has been federalized, DC could simply discharge and stop paying the officers (or providing benefits) and let the Feds pick up the slack. (Remember how Reagan fired the air traffic controllers? Same idea.)
2. Churches could refuse to admit people who are employees of ICE (or their f…

Stable amalgamation over a predicate and the Gaifman property
Saharon Shelah, Alexander Usvyatsov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12631 https://arxiv.org/pdf/25…

Stable amalgamation over a predicate and the Gaifman property
We consider the following property of a first order theory T with a distinguished unary predicate P: every model of the theory of P occurs as the P-part of some model of T. We call this property the Gaifman property. Gaifman conjectured that if T is relatively categorical over P, then it has the Gaifman property. We propose a generalized version of this conjecture: if T fails the Gaifman property, then it exhibits non-structure over P, i.e., has many non-isomorphic models over P in many cardina…

Terahertz amplification by injection locking of waveguide resonant tunneling diode
James Greenberg, Brendan M. Heffernan, William F. McGrew, Antoine Rolland
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14377

Terahertz amplification by injection locking of waveguide resonant tunneling diode
High power and low phase noise oscillators at terahertz frequencies are required for several burgeoning scientific and technological applications, including radioastronomy, imaging, molecular spectroscopy, radar, and wireless communications. Operating at terahertz oscillation frequencies presents unique challenges based on the method of generation. Electronic oscillators can produce ample power but suffer from relatively high phase noise due to the nonlinear multiplication of microwave sources.…

Open multiplication in relatively free profinite semigroupoids
Jorge Almeida, Alfredo Costa, Herman Goulet-Ouellet
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.08580 https:/…

Open multiplication in relatively free profinite semigroupoids
The purpose of this paper is to extend some useful results, such as the multiplication being open, previously known for suitable finitely generated relatively free profinite semigroups, to relatively free profinite semigroupoids over finite-vertex graphs. This extension is used to give a profinite characterization of recurrent words over infinite alphabets and to establish new results about stabilizers in relatively free profinite semigroups and semigroupoids.

Asymptotic breakdown point analysis of the minimum density power divergence estimator under independent non-homogeneous setups
Suryasis Jana, Subhrajyoty Roy, Ayanendranath Basu, Abhik Ghosh
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12426

Asymptotic breakdown point analysis of the minimum density power divergence estimator under independent non-homogeneous setups
The minimum density power divergence estimator (MDPDE) has gained significant attention in the literature of robust inference due to its strong robustness properties and high asymptotic efficiency; it is relatively easy to compute and can be interpreted as a generalization of the classical maximum likelihood estimator. It has been successfully applied in various setups, including the case of independent and non-homogeneous (INH) observations that cover both classification and regression-type pr…

Dynamic Relational Priming Improves Transformer in Multivariate Time Series
Hunjae Lee, Corey Clark
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12196 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Dynamic Relational Priming Improves Transformer in Multivariate Time Series
Standard attention mechanisms in transformers employ static token representations that remain unchanged across all pair-wise computations in each layer. This limits their representational alignment with the potentially diverse relational dynamics of each token-pair interaction. While they excel in domains with relatively homogeneous relationships, standard attention's static relational learning struggles to capture the diverse, heterogeneous inter-channel dependencies of multivariate time serie…

A Step in Flux to Suppress Axion Isocurvature
Priyesh Chakraborty, Junyi Cheng, Matthew Reece, Zekai Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12519 https://

A Step in Flux to Suppress Axion Isocurvature
The QCD axion in the pre-inflation scenario faces a stringent isocurvature constraint, which requires a relatively low Hubble scale during inflation. If the axion was heavier than the Hubble scale during inflation, its isocurvature is suppressed and the constraint disappears. We point out a novel mechanism for achieving this, relying on the topological nature of a BF-type (monodromy) mass for the axion. Such a mass term has an integer coefficient, so it could naturally have been very large duri…

There has been an increase of arrests by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement since Trump began his second term,
with reports of raids across the country.
-- Yet the majority of people currently detained by ICE have no criminal convictions.
Of those who do, relatively few have been convicted of high-level crimes
— a stark contrast to the chilling nightmare Trump describes to support his border security agenda.
“There’s a deep disconnect between the rhetoric …

Trump says he's deporting 'worst of the worst.' Data tells a different story
President Donald Trump has pledged to target "the worst of the worst" as he moves to deport millions of people from the U.S. But government data contradicts this narrative. As of June 29, 71.7% of people detained by ICE had no criminal convictions, and only a small fraction were classified as high-level threats. Research has consistently shown that immigrants, including those who have entered the country illegally, are less likely to be incarcerated than native-born citizens and that immigratio…

Force-Based Viscosity and Elasticity Measurements for Material Biomechanical Characterisation with a Collaborative Robotic Arm
Luca Beber, Edoardo Lamon, Giacomo Moretti, Matteo Saveriano, Luca Fambri, Luigi Palopoli, Daniele Fontanelli
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11133

Force-Based Viscosity and Elasticity Measurements for Material Biomechanical Characterisation with a Collaborative Robotic Arm
Diagnostic activities, such as ultrasound scans and palpation, are relatively low-cost. They play a crucial role in the early detection of health problems and in assessing their progression. However, they are also error-prone activities, which require highly skilled medical staff. The use of robotic solutions can be key to decreasing the inherent subjectivity of the results and reducing the waiting list. For a robot to perform palpation or ultrasound scans, it must effectively manage physical i…

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells and visual processing: ipRGCs beyond non-image-forming functions https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2025.1635101/full What does this mean for retinal impl…

Frontiers | Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells and visual processing: ipRGCs beyond non-image-forming functions
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are relatively newly discovered photoreceptors other than rods and cones. For the last decade, p...

Rare Event Simulation of Quantum Error-Correcting Circuits
Carolyn Mayer, Anand Ganti, Uzoma Onunkwo, Tzvetan Metodi, Benjamin Anker, Jacek Skryzalin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13678

Rare Event Simulation of Quantum Error-Correcting Circuits
We describe a practical approach for accessing the logical failure rates of quantum error-correcting (QEC) circuits under low physical (component) failure rate regimes. Standard Monte Carlo is often the de facto approach for studying the failure rates of quantum circuits. However, in the study of fault-tolerant error-correcting circuits, the ability to extend this approach to low physical failure rates is limited. In particular, the use of Monte Carlo to access circuits that are relatively larg…

Invariance Guarantees using Continuously Parametrized Control Barrier Functions
Inkyu Jang, H. Jin Kim
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12743 https://

Invariance Guarantees using Continuously Parametrized Control Barrier Functions
Constructing a control invariant set with an appropriate shape that fits within a given state constraint is a fundamental problem in safety-critical control but is known to be difficult, especially for large or complex spaces. This paper introduces a safe control framework of utilizing PCBF: continuously parametrized control barrier functions (CBFs). In PCBF, each choice of parameter corresponds to a control invariant set of relatively simple shape. Invariance-preserving control is done by dyna…

Plasticity-induced multistability on fast and slow timescales enables optimal information encoding and spontaneous sequence discrimination
Giacomo Barzon, Daniel M. Busiello, Giorgio Nicoletti
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13867

Plasticity-induced multistability on fast and slow timescales enables optimal information encoding and spontaneous sequence discrimination
Neural circuits exhibit remarkable computational flexibility, enabling adaptive responses to noisy and ever-changing environmental cues. A fundamental question in neuroscience concerns how a wide range of behaviors can emerge from a relatively limited set of underlying biological mechanisms. In particular, the interaction between activities of neuronal populations and plasticity modulation of synaptic connections may endow neural circuits with a variety of functional responses when coordinated …

Forecasting Extreme Day and Night Heat in Paris
Richard Berk
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12886 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.12886

Forecasting Extreme Day and Night Heat in Paris
As a demonstration of concept, quantile gradient boosting is used to forecast diurnal and nocturnal Q(.90) air temperatures for Paris, France during late the spring and summer months of 2020. The data are provided by the Paris-Montsouris weather station. Q(.90) values are estimated because the 90th percentile requires that the temperatures be relatively rare and extreme. Predictors include seven routinely collected indicators of weather conditions, lagged by 14 days; the temperature forecasts a…

One of the issues in the discussion about (gen)AI is the level of anthropomorphizing (terrible word, i have to look it up everytime). AI is not "intelligent" as humans are. It is something different. In some aspects it is better then humans in other (often relatively simple things) incredibly worse. Also we draw wrong conclusions, being able to win a math olympiad is impressive but is not necessarily a sign of intelligence. I view AI as very capable world changing technology. That&…

"Mapping What I Feel": Understanding Affective Geovisualization Design Through the Lens of People-Place Relationships
Xingyu Lan, Yutong Yang, Yifan Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11841

"Mapping What I Feel": Understanding Affective Geovisualization Design Through the Lens of People-Place Relationships
Affective visualization design is an emerging research direction focused on communicating and influencing emotion through visualization. However, as revealed by previous research, this area is highly interdisciplinary and involves theories and practices from diverse fields and disciplines, thus awaiting analysis from more fine-grained angles. To address this need, this work focuses on a pioneering and relatively mature sub-area, affective geovisualization design, to further the research in this…

I went down a rabbit hole trying to understand some health issues, and I ended up with an idea for a study that involves Espresso and heart disease risks that would be relatively easy to perform and could help make more informed health decisions. My journey (and this is only one tiny aspect, I've been thinking about this a lot) started a bit more than a year ago when I got a blood test as part of a health checkup that contained some concerning values, notably high glucose and high LDL. 🧵…

Unveiling M33's Hidden Merger History: A Potential Population of Star Clusters on Retrograde Orbits
Borja Anguiano, Geraint F. Lewis, Steven R. Majewski
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.13488

Unveiling M33's Hidden Merger History: A Potential Population of Star Clusters on Retrograde Orbits
We report the discovery of a possible sub-population of stellar clusters that appear to follow retrograde orbits around the third largest galaxy in the Local Group, M33 (Triangulum). This spiral disk galaxy has apparently had a mostly quiescent existence, although recent discoveries, particularly of a pronounced warp in the gas and stellar disk, suggest that M33's relatively quiet past was interrupted at least once by a dynamical interaction with another galaxy. We suggest that this sub populat…

Source: Perplexity has secured commitments from investors for $200M in new funding at a $20B valuation (The Information)
https://www.theinformation.com/briefings/perplexity-finalizes-20-billion-valuation-round

Perplexity Finalizes $20 Billion-Valuation Round 
Perplexity, which runs an artificial intelligence-powered search engine, has secured commitments from investors for $200 million in new funding at a $20 billion valuation, according to a person with knowledge of the matter. The new capital comes less than two months after the three-year-old startup raised money at a $18 billion valuation. The frequent but relatively modest financings, at

Magnetically Assisted Trapping of Passive Colloids by Active Dipolar Chains
Arnaud Compagnie, Nicolas Vandewalle, Eric Opsomer
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13770 https://

Magnetically Assisted Trapping of Passive Colloids by Active Dipolar Chains
We investigate a trapping mechanism for passive Brownian particles based on mixtures with self-propelled dipolar colloids. Active dipoles, whose magnetic moment is oriented perpendicularly to their propulsion direction, spontaneously form dynamic chains that collapse into clusters through dipole-dipole interactions. These transient structures efficiently capture nearby passive particles, forming dense phases at relatively low global densities. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we analyze how…

FasTUSS: Faster Task-Aware Unified Source Separation
Francesco Paissan, Gordon Wichern, Yoshiki Masuyama, Ryo Aihara, Fran\c{c}ois G. Germain, Kohei Saijo, Jonathan Le Roux
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11435

FasTUSS: Faster Task-Aware Unified Source Separation
Time-Frequency (TF) dual-path models are currently among the best performing audio source separation network architectures, achieving state-of-the-art performance in speech enhancement, music source separation, and cinematic audio source separation. While they are characterized by a relatively low parameter count, they still require a considerable number of operations, implying a higher execution time. This problem is exacerbated by the trend towards bigger models trained on large amounts of da…

I hate the relatively recent social acceptance of “ghosting” people. For any reason. Rude.
Buyer for the car is a no show.
Boooo.
#life #ghosting

A sequential classification learning for estimating quantile optimal treatment regimes
Junwen Xia, Jingxiao Zhang, Dehan Kong
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11255

A sequential classification learning for estimating quantile optimal treatment regimes
Quantile optimal treatment regimes (OTRs) aim to assign treatments that maximize a specified quantile of patients' outcomes. Compared to treatment regimes that target the mean outcomes, quantile OTRs offer fairer regimes when a lower quantile is selected, as it focuses on improving outcomes for individuals who would otherwise experience relatively poor results. In this paper, we propose a novel method for estimating quantile OTRs by reformulating the problem as a sequential classification task.…

A new Dune grid for scalable dynamic adaptivity based on the p4est software library
Carsten Burstedde, Mikhail Kirilin, Robert Kl\"ofkorn
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11386

A new Dune grid for scalable dynamic adaptivity based on the p4est software library
In this work we extend the Dune solver library with another grid interface to the open-source p4est software. While Dune already supports about a dozen different mesh implementations through its mesh interface Dune-Grid, we undertake this new coupling effort in order to inherit p4est's practically unlimited MPI scalability as well as its relatively thin data structures, and its native support for multi-block (forest) mesh topologies in both 2D and 3D. The presented implementation is compared …

Characterization of superconducting germanide and germanosilicide films of Pd, Pt, Rh and Ir formed by solid-phase epitaxy
Hao Li, Zhongxia Shang, Michael P. Lilly, Maksym Myronov, Leonid P. Rokhinson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.14173

Characterization of superconducting germanide and germanosilicide films of Pd, Pt, Rh and Ir formed by solid-phase epitaxy
Facilitated by recent advances in strained Ge/SiGe quantum well (QW) growth technology, superconductor-semiconductor hybrid devices based on group IV materials have been developed, potentially augmenting the functionality of quantum circuits. The formation of highly transparent superconducting platinum germanosilicide (PtSiGe) contacts to Ge/SiGe heterostructures by solid-phase epitaxy between Pt and SiGe has recently been reported, although with a relatively low critical temperature $<1\,\math…

Policy-relevant causal effect estimation using instrumental variables with interference
Didier Nibbering, Matthijs Oosterveen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12538 https://

Policy-relevant causal effect estimation using instrumental variables with interference
Many policy evaluations using instrumental variable (IV) methods include individuals who interact with each other, potentially violating the standard IV assumptions. This paper defines and partially identifies direct and spillover effects with a clear policy-relevant interpretation under relatively mild assumptions on interference. Our framework accommodates both spillovers from the instrument to treatment and from treatment to outcomes and allows for multiple peers. By generalizing monotone tr…

Scientists thought this Argentine glacier was stable. Now they say it's melting fast #Argentina

Scientists thought this Argentine glacier was stable. Now they say it's melting fast
An iconic Argentinian glacier, long thought one of the few on Earth to be relatively stable, is now undergoing its "most substantial retreat in the past century," according to new research.

A Fully Adaptive Frank-Wolfe Algorithm for Relatively Smooth Problems and Its Application to Centralized Distributed Optimization
A. A. Vyguzov, F. S. Stonyakin
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.05669

A Fully Adaptive Frank-Wolfe Algorithm for Relatively Smooth Problems and Its Application to Centralized Distributed Optimization
We study the Frank-Wolfe algorithm for constrained optimization problems with relatively smooth and relatively strongly convex objectives. Building upon our previous work, we propose a fully adaptive variant of the Frank-Wolfe method that dynamically adjusts the step size based on both the relative smoothness constant and the Triangle Scaling Exponent (TSE) of the Bregman divergence. Our method does not require prior knowledge of the function parameters and guarantees convergence using only loc…

So sad. The first #glacier I saw in 2018, during our honeymoon.
Indeed at a time they were telling us the glacier wasn’t really impacted by climate change, I had not truly understood why.
Such a majestic and unique place to visit.

Short history of signed exceptional sequences
Kiyoshi Igusa, Gordana Todorov
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10910 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.10910

Short history of signed exceptional sequences
Whereas exceptional sequences have a long history with many well-known connections to combinatorics, signed exceptional sequences are relatively recent. The authors introduced this concept in 2017 [19], although it was retroactively realized that the category of noncrossing partitions [24] is a special case of this construction. Buan and Marsh [4] have introduced the concept of $τ$-exceptional sequences to generalize the definitions and theorems to all finite dimensional algebras. This short p…

Here's a bonus image to make up for the slow days: one of those purple coneflowers which is quickly disappearing from the landscape as fall closes in on us
#photo #photography #flowers

Google says total organic click volume from Search to websites has been "relatively stable" YoY and it's sending "slightly more quality clicks" than a year ago (Liz Reid/The Keyword)
https://blog.google/products/search/ai-sear…

AI in Search is driving more queries and higher quality clicks
We continue to send billions of clicks to the web every day and are committed to prioritizing the web in our AI experiences in Search.

Great article. And has this gem as a closing statement: „Somewhere, a protocol is being used exactly as intended. This is deeply suspicious.“
https://darmstadt.social/@claudius/114766051184046904

Progress in photonic technologies for next-generation astrophotonic instruments
Ahmed Shadman Alam
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10941 https://

Progress in photonic technologies for next-generation astrophotonic instruments
The study of integrating photonic devices into astronomical instruments is the primary focus of astrophotonics. The growth in this area of study is relatively recent. Research related to astronomical spectroscopic phenomena has received a lot of attention in recent times. There are several important advantages to integrating photonics technology into an astronomical instrument, such as cost savings because of increased reproducibility, thermal and mechanical stability, and miniaturization. This…

Every tenth of a degree matters; each increment of global warming will bring a relatively larger increase in adverse societal and ecological impacts than the last.
https://mastoreader.io/?url=https:%2F/c.im/@cdarwin/114843468388096178

Multiscale patterns of migration flows in Austria: regionalization, administrative barriers, and urban-rural divides
Thomas Robiglio, Martina Contisciani, M\'arton Karsai, Tiago P. Peixoto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11503

Multiscale patterns of migration flows in Austria: regionalization, administrative barriers, and urban-rural divides
Migration is central in various societal problems related to socioeconomic development. While much of the existing research has focused on international migration, migration patterns within a single country remain relatively unexplored. In this work we study internal migration patterns in Austria for a period of over 20 years, obtained from open and high-granularity administrative records. We employ inferential network methods to characterize the flows between municipalities and extract their c…

Me: gee, i sure hope my death in the upcoming water wars is relatively painless
Fox News: ENTITLED millennial believes he DESERVES a better treatment than EVERYONE else!

Simulation-based Inference of Massive Black Hole Binaries using Sequential Neural Likelihood
Iv\'an Mart\'in V\'ilchez, Carlos F. Sopuerta
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13842

Simulation-based Inference of Massive Black Hole Binaries using Sequential Neural Likelihood
We propose a machine learning-based approach for parameter estimation of Massive Black Hole Binaries (MBHBs), leveraging normalizing flows to approximate the likelihood function. By training these flows on simulated data, we can generate posterior samples via Markov Chain Monte Carlo with a relatively reduced computational cost. Our method enables iterative refinement of smaller models targeting specific MBHB events, with significantly fewer waveform template evaluations. However, dimensionalit…

Field-induced spin continuum in twin-free Na$_3$Co$_2$SbO$_6$ revealed by magneto-THz spectroscopy
Rongsheng Li, Liyu Shi, Yuchen Gu, Yue Chen, Xintong Li, Qiong Wu, Shuxiang Xu, Dong Wu, Yuan Li, Fa Wang, Tao Dong, Nanlin Wang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11213

Field-induced spin continuum in twin-free Na$_3$Co$_2$SbO$_6$ revealed by magneto-THz spectroscopy
The honeycomb magnet Na$_3$Co$_2$SbO$_6$ recently emerged as a promising candidate for realizing Kitaev quantum spin liquid with relatively low levels of structural disorder. While the precise spin Hamiltonian remains controversial, the potential existence of a quantum spin liquid or other novel quantum magnetic phases continues to stimulate investigation. Here, we study the temperature and magnetic field-dependent spin excitations of Na$_3$Co$_2$SbO$_6$ on a twin-free single crystal using magn…

Conjectures about Primes and Cyclic Numbers
Joel E. Cohen
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08335 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.08335

Conjectures about Primes and Cyclic Numbers
A positive integer $n$ is defined to be cyclic if and only if every group of size $n$ is cyclic. Equivalently, $n$ is cyclic if and only if $n$ is relatively prime to the number of positive integers less than $n$ that are relatively prime to $n$. Because every prime number is cyclic, it is natural to ask whether a (proved or conjectured) property of primes extends to cyclic numbers. I review proved or conjectured properties of primes (including some new conjectures about primes) and propose ana…

Physical properties of newly active asteroid 2010 LH15
Bin Liu, Cunhui Li, Zhongcheng Mu, Xiaodong Liu
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12747 https://

Physical properties of newly active asteroid 2010 LH15
Main-belt asteroid 2010 LH$_{15}$ has been classified as an active asteroid, based on the recent discovery of dust activity from the archival images observed in 2010 and 2019. In this study, we perform measurements and dynamical modeling of the dust tail of the active asteroid 2010 LH$_{15}$ using ZTF archival data from July 26 to August 31, 2019, with the derived physical properties from these relatively independent methods being compatible. The photometric results show that the radius of the …

Comparing Notions of Dense Computability on $\omega^\omega$ and $2^\omega$
Peter M. Gerdes
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06925 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.0692…

Comparing Notions of Dense Computability on $ω^ω$ and $2^ω$
A relatively new topic in computability theory is the study of notions of computation that are robust against mistakes on some kind of small set. However, despite the recent popularity of this topic relatively foundational questions about the notions of reducibility involved still persist. In this paper, we examine two notions of robust information coding, effective dense reducibility and coarse reducibility and answer the question posed in [1]: whether the degrees of functions under these redu…

A Neuromorphic Model of Learning Meaningful Sequences with Long-Term Memory
Laxmi R. Iyer, Ali A. Minai
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12850 https://arxiv.org/…

A Neuromorphic Model of Learning Meaningful Sequences with Long-Term Memory
Learning meaningful sentences is different from learning a random set of words. When humans understand the meaning, the learning occurs relatively quickly. What mechanisms enable this to happen? In this paper, we examine the learning of novel sequences in familiar situations. We embed the Small World of Words (SWOW-EN), a Word Association Norms (WAN) dataset, in a spiking neural network based on the Hierarchical Temporal Memory (HTM) model to simulate long-term memory. Results show that in the …

Finite Index Rigidity of Relatively Hyperbolic Groups
Nir Lazarovich, Gon Rahamim, Alessandro Sisto
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04323 https://arxiv.org/pdf/…

Finite Index Rigidity of Relatively Hyperbolic Groups
We prove that, given a torsion-free relatively hyperbolic group G with non-relatively-hyperbolic peripherals, isomorphic finite index subgroups of G have the same index. This applies for instance to fundamental groups of finite-volume negatively curved manifolds, to limit groups, and to free-by-cyclic groups. More generally, we show that if two finite index subgroups of a relatively hyperbolic group are isomorphic via a map that respects their peripheral structures, then their indices in the am…

Google says total organic click volume from Search to websites has been "relatively stable" YoY and it's sending "slightly more quality clicks" than a year ago (Liz Reid/The Keyword)
https://blog.google/products/search/ai-sear…

AI in Search is driving more queries and higher quality clicks
We continue to send billions of clicks to the web every day and are committed to prioritizing the web in our AI experiences in Search.

The origin of extreme N-emitters in star-forming galaxies at z$<$0.5 with DESI DR1
Souradeep Bhattacharya, Chiaki Kobayashi
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11998 https://

The origin of extreme N-emitters in star-forming galaxies at z$<$0.5 with DESI DR1
Extreme nitrogen enhancement relative to oxygen, recently found in very high-redshift galaxies, has been seen in local star-forming galaxies displaying high log(N/O) values ($\geq\!-1.1$) at relatively low O abundances, 12+log(O/H)$\leq$8. Understanding the physical origins of these extreme N-emitters at low redshifts enables us to better constrain chemical enrichment mechanisms that drove such high log(N/O) values in the early Universe. With direct N and O abundances derived for 944 SFGs with …

Channel Formation Enhances Target Consumption by Chemotactic Active Brownian Particles
Vladimir Yu. Rudyak, Shahar Shinehorn, Yael Roichman
https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11328

Channel Formation Enhances Target Consumption by Chemotactic Active Brownian Particles
In many situations, simply finding a target during a search is not enough. It is equally important to be able to return to that target repeatedly or to enable a larger community to locate and utilize it. While first passage time is commonly used to measure search success, relatively little is known about increasing the average rate of target encounters over time. Here, using an active Brownian particle model with chemotaxis, we demonstrate that when a searcher has no memory and there is no comm…

A fiber-loop laser with a cooled erbium-doped section
Eyal Buks, Boris A. Malomed
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11262 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.11262

A fiber-loop laser with a cooled erbium-doped section
An optical comb featuring an unusual structure has been recently observed in a fiber-loop laser running at cryogenic temperatures. In the present work, the effect of optical polarization on the operation of the laser is explored. Multi--mode lasing with a relatively high degree of inter--mode coherency is experimentally demonstrated. The setup can be used for applications to spectroscopy, communications, and quantum data storage.

I have a question about the following:
Space-X satellites are relatively low orbit - they go around the world, their radio/signal footprint on the ground goes around the world with them.
So how does a single country, the US, issue "license" for radio spectrum that apply outside of the US geographic borders?
"SpaceX buys wireless spectrum from EchoStar in $17 billion deal"

glad to see so many of you turn out for transit at the state building in SF today!
and Gavin Newsom... bro... you messed up so bad, frickin' Catherine Stefani is calling you out! this loan was supposed to be a done deal. sign the paperwork!
(Stefani is a relatively conservative westside assemblywoman who was the only one of 11 supervisors not to endorse last year's Prop L to tax Uber/Waymo to fund Muni. even she's had it w/ Newsom on this)

Fulfillment of the Work Games: Warehouse Workers' Experiences with Algorithmic Management
EunJeong Cheon, Ingrid Erickson
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09438 https://

Fulfillment of the Work Games: Warehouse Workers' Experiences with Algorithmic Management
The introduction of algorithms into a large number of industries has already restructured the landscape of work and threatens to continue. While a growing body of CSCW research centered on the future of work has begun to document these shifts, relatively little is known about workers' experiences beyond those of platform-mediated gig workers. In this paper, we turn to a traditional work sector, Amazon fulfillment centers (FC), to deepen our field's empirical examination of algorithmic managemen…

On Relatively Smooth Optimization over Riemannian Manifolds
Chang He, Jiaxiang Li, Bo Jiang, Shiqian Ma, Shuzhong Zhang
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03048 https://

On Relatively Smooth Optimization over Riemannian Manifolds
We study optimization over Riemannian embedded submanifolds, where the objective function is relatively smooth in the ambient Euclidean space. Such problems have broad applications but are still largely unexplored. We introduce two Riemannian first-order methods, namely the retraction-based and projection-based Riemannian Bregman gradient methods, by incorporating the Bregman distance into the update steps. The retraction-based method can handle nonsmooth optimization; at each iteration, the up…

Prototypical Contrastive Learning For Improved Few-Shot Audio Classification
Christos Sgouropoulos, Christos Nikou, Stefanos Vlachos, Vasileios Theiou, Christos Foukanelis, Theodoros Giannakopoulos
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.10074

Prototypical Contrastive Learning For Improved Few-Shot Audio Classification
Few-shot learning has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training models with limited labeled data, addressing challenges in scenarios where large-scale annotation is impractical. While extensive research has been conducted in the image domain, few-shot learning in audio classification remains relatively underexplored. In this work, we investigate the effect of integrating supervised contrastive loss into prototypical few shot training for audio classification. In detail, we demonstrate that an…

The X-ray Source Population of the Metal-Rich Globular Cluster NGC 6528
Bernard Leal, Kwangmin Oh, Jay Strader, Steve E. Zepf, Kristen Dage, S. Kim, C. Y. Hui
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10105

The X-ray Source Population of the Metal-Rich Globular Cluster NGC 6528
We present the first study of the X-ray sources in one of the most metal-rich globular clusters in the Galaxy, NGC 6528. Using relatively deep (66 ksec) archival imaging from the Chandra X-ray Observatory, we identify 18 sources within the half-light radius of the cluster, all in the range $L_X \sim 10^{31}$-$10^{32}$erg s$^{-1}$ (0.5-7 keV). By combining these data with photometry from the Hubble Space Telescope and other sources, we classify the X-ray sources as a likely mix of cataclysmic va…

🍇 Grapevines can be converted from agricultural waste to biodegradable films for sustainable packaging
https://phys.org/news/2025-08-grapevines-agricultural-biodegradable-sustainable-packaging.html

Grapevines can be converted from agricultural waste to biodegradable films for sustainable packaging
A new study from South Dakota State University reveals how grapevine canes can be converted into plastic-like material that is stronger than traditional plastic and will decompose in the environment in a relatively short amount of time.

Acquiescence Bias in Large Language Models
Daniel Braun
https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08480 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2509.08480

Acquiescence Bias in Large Language Models
Acquiescence bias, i.e. the tendency of humans to agree with statements in surveys, independent of their actual beliefs, is well researched and documented. Since Large Language Models (LLMs) have been shown to be very influenceable by relatively small changes in input and are trained on human-generated data, it is reasonable to assume that they could show a similar tendency. We present a study investigating the presence of acquiescence bias in LLMs across different models, tasks, and languages …

Bubble Trouble: a Review on Electroweak Baryogenesis
Jorinde van de Vis, Jordy de Vries, Marieke Postma
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09989 https://arxiv.org/…

Bubble Trouble: a Review on Electroweak Baryogenesis
The origin of the universal asymmetry between matter and antimatter remains a mystery. Electroweak baryogenesis is a well-motivated mechanism for generating the asymmetry dynamically, using interesting features of the Standard Model. In addition, it relies on beyond-the-Standard Model physics active around the electroweak scale: new physics coupling to the Higgs to make the electroweak phase transition first order, and a new mechanism of CP violation. The relatively low energy scale at which el…

AP is ending its weekly book reviews, beginning Sept. 1.
This was a difficult decision but one made after a thorough review of AP’s story offerings
and what is being most read on our website and mobile apps as well as what customers are using.
Unfortunately, the audience for book reviews is relatively low and we can no longer sustain the time it takes to plan, coordinate, write and edit reviews.
AP will continue covering books as stories, but at the moment those will …

The Associated Press tells its book critics that it’s ending weekly reviews
Terrible news from The Associated Press. Media Nation correspondent J.A. passes along this note from Anthony McCartney, the AP’s global entertainment and lifestyle editor. AP to end its weekl…

Composable Quantum Fault-Tolerance
Zhiyang He, Quynh T. Nguyen, Christopher A. Pattison
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08246 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.08246…

Composable Quantum Fault-Tolerance
Proving threshold theorems for fault-tolerant quantum computation is a burdensome endeavor with many moving parts that come together in relatively formulaic but lengthy ways. It is difficult and rare to combine elements from multiple papers into a single formal threshold proof, due to the use of different measures of fault-tolerance. In this work, we introduce composable fault-tolerance, a framework that decouples the probabilistic analysis of the noise distribution from the combinatorial analy…

Deep Extragalactic VIsible Legacy Survey (DEVILS): Galaxy group catalogue for the D10-COSMOS field with 90% spectroscopic redshift completeness
Mat\'ias Bravo, Luke J. M. Davies, Aaron S. G. Robotham, Claudia del P. Lagos, Sabine Bellstedt, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Malgorzata Siudek, Trystan S. Lambert, Chris Power
https://arxiv.org/abs/25…

Deep Extragalactic VIsible Legacy Survey (DEVILS): Galaxy group catalogue for the D10-COSMOS field with 90% spectroscopic redshift completeness
Large-scale galaxy redshift surveys conducted over the last couple of decades have proven crucial in deepening our understanding of structure growth in the Universe and galaxy evolution. While there have been several such surveys, until now those that achieve the high completeness and precision necessary to probe the low-mass end of galaxy groups have been limited to relatively low redshifts ($z\lesssim0.3$), with surveys exploring the more distant Universe being constrained by small sample siz…

The Southern-sky MWA Rapid Two-metre (SMART) pulsar survey -- III. A census of millisecond pulsars at 154 MHz
C. P. Lee, N. D. R. Bhat, B. W. Meyers, S. J. McSweeney, W. van Straten, C. M. Tan, M. Xue, N. A. Swainston, S. M. Ord, G. Sleap, S. E. Tremblay, A. Williams
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10330

The Southern-sky MWA Rapid Two-metre (SMART) pulsar survey -- III. A census of millisecond pulsars at 154 MHz
Observations of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) at low radio frequencies play an important role in understanding the Galactic pulsar population and characterising both their emission properties and the effects of the ionised interstellar medium on the received signals. To date, only a relatively small fraction of the known MSP population has been detected at frequencies below 300 MHz, and nearly all previous MSP studies at these frequencies have been conducted with northern telescopes. We present a …

Bringing Everyone to the Table: An Experimental Study of LLM-Facilitated Group Decision Making
Mohammed Alsobay, David M. Rothschild, Jake M. Hofman, Daniel G. Goldstein
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.08242

Bringing Everyone to the Table: An Experimental Study of LLM-Facilitated Group Decision Making
Group decision-making often suffers from uneven information sharing, hindering decision quality. While large language models (LLMs) have been widely studied as aids for individuals, their potential to support groups of users, potentially as facilitators, is relatively underexplored. We present a pre-registered randomized experiment with 1,475 participants assigned to 281 five-person groups completing a hidden profile task--selecting an optimal city for a hypothetical sporting event--under one o…

Space and Time Cost of Continuous Rotations in Surface Codes
Zhu Sun, Balint Koczor
https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06236 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.06236

Space and Time Cost of Continuous Rotations in Surface Codes
While Clifford operations are relatively easy to implement in fault-tolerant quantum computers,continuous rotation gates remain a significant bottleneck in typical quantum algorithms. In this work, we ask the question: "What is the most efficient approach for implementing continuous rotations in a surface code architecture?" Several techniques have been developed to reduce the T-count or T-depth of rotations, such as Hamming weight phasing and catalyst towers. However, these methods often requi…

Characterization of Two Cool Galaxy Outflow Candidates Using Mid-Infrared Emission from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Jessica Sutter, Karin Sandstrom, Ryan Chown, Oleg Egorov, Adam K. Leroy, J\'er\'emy Chastenet, Alberto Bolatto, Thomas G. Williams, Daniel A. Dale, Amirnezam Amiri, M\'ed\'eric Boquein, Yixian Cao, Simthembile Dlamini, \'Eric Emsellem, Hsi-An Pan, Debosmita Pathak, Hwihyun Kim, Ralf S. Klessen, Hannah Koziol, Erik Rosolowsky, Sumit K. Sarbadhicary…

Characterization of Two Cool Galaxy Outflow Candidates Using Mid-Infrared Emission from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
We characterize two candidate cool galactic outflows in two relatively low mass, highly inclined Virgo cluster galaxies: NGC4424 and NGC4694. Previous analyses of observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) carbon monoxide (CO) line emission maps did not classify these sources as cool outflow hosts. Using new high sensitivity, high spatial resolution, JWST mid-infrared photometry in the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-tracing F770W band, we identify extended structures pr…